EP0316757B1 - Drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices - Google Patents

Drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0316757B1
EP0316757B1 EP88118709A EP88118709A EP0316757B1 EP 0316757 B1 EP0316757 B1 EP 0316757B1 EP 88118709 A EP88118709 A EP 88118709A EP 88118709 A EP88118709 A EP 88118709A EP 0316757 B1 EP0316757 B1 EP 0316757B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
rope
shaft
drive arrangement
lifting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88118709A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0316757A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Zimmermann
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Eccon Engineering Computer Consulting GmbH
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Eccon Engineering Computer Consulting GmbH
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Publication of EP0316757A1 publication Critical patent/EP0316757A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B66D1/52—Control devices automatic for varying rope or cable tension, e.g. when recovering craft from water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02—Driving gear
    • B66D1/14—Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels
    • B66D1/22—Planetary or differential gearings, i.e. with planet gears having movable axes of rotation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive device for winches and / or slewing gear for hoists with a drive motor, a differential gear connected to the drive motor, one shaft of which is operatively connected to the winch or via a pinion to the slewing gear of the hoist, and the other shaft of which a holding device is connected.
  • the purpose of the present invention is also to solve this problem, namely to raise the load without jerking at a point in time when the cable pulling force has reached the weight of the load plus any acceleration force that is currently acting.
  • this solution is to be achieved with little outlay in terms of apparatus and without a complicated control device.
  • the holding device is formed by a sheave wrapped by at least one rope and the one end of the rope is connected to a damping device which is preferably adjustable in terms of its damping behavior, for example a spring and / or piston-cylinder unit is.
  • a damping device which is preferably adjustable in terms of its damping behavior, for example a spring and / or piston-cylinder unit is.
  • a cable drum 3 is driven by a drive shaft 1 driven by a motor (not shown here) and a differential gear 2 having three shafts.
  • the third shaft 4 of the differential gear 2 is connected to a pulley 5.
  • a rope 6 is wound on the rope sheave and attached at its end to it, the other end of the cable 6 is connected to a damping element, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed as a piston-cylinder unit. Springs can also be used for such damping devices.
  • the damping characteristic of the damping element 7 can expediently be set so that the drive device can be adapted to different conditions.
  • the dynamic impact stress is limited to the dimension that corresponds to the setting of the damping element.
  • the drive device according to the invention is expediently used in so-called offshore cranes, but is not limited to the application.
  • dynamic impact loads of up to 150% of the load to be lifted are applied to the hoist.
  • this dynamic stress on e.g. the load to be lifted is limited to + 30%, which means that the hoist can be designed and manufactured much more easily and therefore more cheaply.
  • the reduction in dynamic stress also has a favorable effect on the load itself, which is thus protected from damage.
  • the drive device works independently of switching intervention by the operating personnel.
  • the pulley 5 is connected to a rope 6 and an attenuator. If the drive device is used in connection with a slewing gear, two ropes with opposing winding senses are applied to the sheave 5, both ends of which are connected to a damping device 7, so that in this case dynamic shock loads are absorbed and damped in both directions of rotation of the slewing gear can be.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

In order to reduce the dynamic stresses associated with the lifting of a moving load in a lifting device, the drive motor of the drive arrangement for the rope winch and/or the rotating mechanism of the lifting device is connected to a differential gearing (2), one shaft of which is in operative connection with the rope winch (3) or via a pinion with the rotating mechanism of the lifting device. The third shaft (4) is connected to a holding device. The holding device is formed by a rope pulley (5) which has at least one rope (6) wrapped around it, and one end of the rope is connected to a damping means (7) whose damping behaviour is conveniently adjustable.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Antriebseinrichtung für Seilwinden und/oder Drehwerke bei Hebezeugen mit einem Antriebsmotor, einem mit dem Antriebsmotor verbundenen Differentialgetriebe, dessen eine Welle mit der Seilwinde oder über ein Ritzel mit dem Drehwerk des Hebezeuges in Wirkverbindung steht, und dessen andere Welle mit einer Haltevorrichtung verbunden ist.The invention relates to a drive device for winches and / or slewing gear for hoists with a drive motor, a differential gear connected to the drive motor, one shaft of which is operatively connected to the winch or via a pinion to the slewing gear of the hoist, and the other shaft of which a holding device is connected.

Besondere Probleme beim Heben einer Last mit einem Hebezeug treten dann auf, wenn die Last relativ zum Hebezeug vertikale Bewegungen ausführt. Sollen beispielsweise mit einem auf der Plattform einer Bohrinsel stationär angeordnetem Hebezeug Lasten von einem Schiff gehoben werden, führen diese entsprechend der Roll- und Stampfbewegung des Schiffes mit dem Schiff Vertikalbewegungen relativ zu dem auf der Plattform stehenden Hebezeug aus. Diese Bewegungen können entsprechend den Witterungsbedingungen beträchtliche Größen annehmen. Werden von einem derart bewegten Schiff Lasten angehoben, können diese auf das Hubseil und damit die Konstruktion des Hebezeuges beträchtliche dynamische Stoßbeanspruchungen übertragen. Die ein bewegte Lasten anhebendes Hebezeug unter Berücksichtigung des größten auftretenden Hublastbeiwertes konstruiert und ausgelegt werden muß, wird daher die Konstruktion des Hebezeuges beträchtlich verteuert. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde bereits vorgeschlagen (EP-OS 234 451), daß die Hubseilwinde mit einem Antrieb oder einer Rutschkupplung zwischen dieser und dem Antrieb versehen ist, die derart gesteuert sind, daß die Zugkraft des Hubseiles über einen Zeitraum, der vorzugsweise größer ist als eine Sekunde, schrittweise oder kontinuierlich auf die dem Gewicht der Last entsprechende bzw. die zu deren Heben erforderliche Kraft gesteigert wird und daß die Winde durch die jeweilige Seilkraft übersteigende Gegenkräfte unter Abzug des Hubseiles von dieser rückdrehbar ist. Diese bekannte Lösung ist aber außerordentlich aufwendig und kompliziert, was ihren apparativen Einsatz betrifft. In der hier vorgesehenen Rutschkupplung muß auch die Stoßenergie in Wärme umgewandelt werden; zusätzlich sind zahlreiche und aufwendige Steuerungseinrichtungen notwendig.Particular problems arise when lifting a load with a hoist if the load makes vertical movements relative to the hoist. If, for example, loads are to be lifted from a ship with a lifting device arranged stationarily on the platform of an oil rig, these carry out vertical movements relative to the lifting device standing on the platform in accordance with the rolling and pounding movement of the ship with the ship. These movements can be of considerable magnitude depending on the weather conditions. If loads are lifted from a ship moved in this way, they can transmit considerable dynamic impact loads to the hoist rope and thus the construction of the hoist. The lifting device lifting a moving load must be designed and designed taking into account the largest occurring lifting load coefficient, the construction of the lifting device is therefore considerably more expensive. To solve this problem, it has already been proposed (EP-OS 234 451) that the hoist winch is provided with a drive or a slip clutch between it and the drive, which are controlled such that the pulling force of the hoist rope over a period which is preferably greater than a second, step by step or continuously, to the weight corresponding to the weight of the load or the force required to lift it, and that the winch can be turned back by the rope force exceeding the counterforce, minus the hoisting rope. However, this known solution is extremely complex and complex, as far as its use in apparatus is concerned. In the slip clutch provided here, the impact energy must also be converted into heat; In addition, numerous and complex control devices are necessary.

Zweck auch der gegenständlichen Erfindung ist die Lösung dieser Aufgabe, nämlich die Last stoßfrei in einem Zeitpunkt anzuheben, in dem die Seilzugkraft das Gewicht der Last zuzüglich einer etwaigen gerade wirkenden Beschleunigungskraft erreicht hat. Diese Lösung soll nach der gegenständlichen Erfindung mit einem geringen apparativen Aufwand erzielt werden ohne komplizierte Steuereinrichtung. Für die Drehwerke bei solchen Hebezeugen liegt an sich dasselbe Problem vor, d.h. sie sind erheblichen Stoßbeanspruchungen unterworfen, die damit zwangsweise verbundenen Beschleunigungskräfte sollen reduziert werden.The purpose of the present invention is also to solve this problem, namely to raise the load without jerking at a point in time when the cable pulling force has reached the weight of the load plus any acceleration force that is currently acting. According to the present invention, this solution is to be achieved with little outlay in terms of apparatus and without a complicated control device. For the slewing gear in such hoists there is the same problem per se, ie they are subjected to considerable shock loads, the acceleration forces associated with this are to be reduced.

Aus der DE-AS 11 86 187 ist es auch bekannt, bei einer Hubwinde zwischen dem Antriebsmotor und der Seilwinde ein Differentialgetriebe anzuordnen, dessen dritte Welle mit einer Wirbelstrombremse ist. Diese Einrichtung dient dazu, mit einem an sich nicht regelbaren Kurzschlußläufermotor mit hohem Anfahrmoment das Hubwerk anzufahren. Beim Anfahren ist die Seiltrommel abgebremst, die Wirbelstrombremse stromlos. Es dreht sich vorerst nur die Welle mit der Wirbelstrombremse. Durch Strombeaufschlagung der Stromspule wird die Welle allmählich abgebremst und somit das Drehmoment des Antriebsmotors auf die Welle für die Seiltrommel umgeleitet. Auch bei der in der DE-OS 29 03 940 beschriebenen Konstantzugwinde ist zwischen dem Antriebsmotor und der Seilwinde ebenfalls ein Differentialgetriebe vorhanden, dessen dritte Welle jedoch hier zusätzlich mit einem Motor angetrieben wird. Eine solche Konstantzugregelung zeigt und beschreibt auch die DD-PS 243 264. Alle diese letzterwähnten Einrichtungen sind jedoch in der bekanntgewordenen Art für die Lösung des hier anstehenden Problems nicht geeignet, noch bieten sie dazu Anregung.From DE-AS 11 86 187 it is also known to arrange a differential gear in a hoist winch between the drive motor and the cable winch, the third shaft of which is equipped with an eddy current brake. This device is used to start the hoist with a short-circuit rotor motor which cannot be regulated per se and has a high starting torque. When starting, the rope drum is braked and the eddy current brake is de-energized. For the time being, only the shaft with the eddy current brake is rotating. By applying current to the current coil, the shaft is gradually braked and the torque of the drive motor is thus redirected to the shaft for the cable drum. Also in the constant tension winch described in DE-OS 29 03 940 there is also a differential gear between the drive motor and the cable winch, the third shaft of which, however, is additionally driven here by a motor. Such a constant tension control is also shown and described in DD-PS 243 264. However, all of the latter devices mentioned are not suitable in the way that has become known for solving the problem here, nor do they offer any suggestion.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nun das oben eingangs erläuterte Problem dadurch gelöst, daß die Haltevorrichtung durch eine von mindestens einem Seil umschlungene Seilscheibe gebildet ist und das eine Seilende mit einer vorzugsweise in ihrem Dämpfungsverhalten einstellbaren Dämpfungseinrichtung, beispielsweise mit einer Feder und/oder Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit verbunden ist. Dadurch wird eine selbsttätig wirkende Antriebseinrichtung geschaffen, die die dynamischen Einflüsse auf das Hebezeug mindert, ohne daß dazu der Kranführer in das Antriebssystem durch Schalthandlungen eingreifen muß, wobei darüberhinaus das Hebezeug selbst leichter und damit billiger gebaut werden kann.According to the invention, the problem explained above is now solved in that the holding device is formed by a sheave wrapped by at least one rope and the one end of the rope is connected to a damping device which is preferably adjustable in terms of its damping behavior, for example a spring and / or piston-cylinder unit is. This creates an automatically acting drive device that reduces the dynamic influences on the hoist without the crane operator having to intervene in the drive system through switching operations, and in addition the hoist itself can be built lighter and therefore cheaper.

Die Figur veranschaulicht die Erfindung:The figure illustrates the invention:

Über eine von einem hier nicht dargestellten Motor angetriebene Antriebswelle 1 und ein drei Wellen aufweisendes Differentialgetriebe 2 wird eine Seiltrommel 3 angetrieben. Die dritte Welle 4 des Differentialgetriebes 2 ist mit einer Seilscheibe 5 verbunden. Auf der Seilscheibe ist ein Seil 6 aufgewickelt und mit seinem Ende daran befestigt, das andere Ende des Seiles 6 ist mit einem Dämpfungselement verbunden, das hier beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit ausgebildet ist. Auch Federn können für solche Dämpfungseinrichtungen verwendet werden. Die Dämpfungcharakteristik des Dämpfungselementes 7 kann zweckmäßigerweise eingestellt werden, so daß die Antriebseinrichtung unterschiedlichen Verhältnissen angepaßt werden kann.A cable drum 3 is driven by a drive shaft 1 driven by a motor (not shown here) and a differential gear 2 having three shafts. The third shaft 4 of the differential gear 2 is connected to a pulley 5. A rope 6 is wound on the rope sheave and attached at its end to it, the other end of the cable 6 is connected to a damping element, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed as a piston-cylinder unit. Springs can also be used for such damping devices. The damping characteristic of the damping element 7 can expediently be set so that the drive device can be adapted to different conditions.

Wird nun eine bewegte Last mit der Winde 3 gehoben, so wird die dynamische Stoßbeanspruchung auf das Maß begrenzt, das der Einstellung des Dämpfungselementes entspricht. Die erfindungsgemäße Antriebseinrichtung wird zweckmäßigerweise bei sogenannten Offshorekranen angewandt, ist jedoch auf die Anwendung nicht beschränkt. Beim Anheben einer Last von einem Versorger bei hohem Seegang kommen dynamische Stoßbeanspruchungen von zusätzlich bis zu 150% der anzuhebende Last auf das Hebezeug. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung kann diese dynamische Beanspruchung auf z.B. die anzuhebende Last + 30 % begrenzt werden, was zur Folge hat, daß das Hebezeug viel leichter und damit billiger konstruiert und hergestellt werden kann. Darüberhinaus wirkt sich die Reduzierung der dynamischen Beanspruchung auch günstig auf die Last selbst aus, die dadurch vor Beschädigungen bewahrt wird. Die Antriebseinrichtung arbeitet unabhängig von Schalteingriffen des Bedienungspersonals.If a moving load is now lifted with the winch 3, the dynamic impact stress is limited to the dimension that corresponds to the setting of the damping element. The drive device according to the invention is expediently used in so-called offshore cranes, but is not limited to the application. When lifting a load from a supplier in high seas, dynamic impact loads of up to 150% of the load to be lifted are applied to the hoist. With the device according to the invention, this dynamic stress on e.g. the load to be lifted is limited to + 30%, which means that the hoist can be designed and manufactured much more easily and therefore more cheaply. In addition, the reduction in dynamic stress also has a favorable effect on the load itself, which is thus protected from damage. The drive device works independently of switching intervention by the operating personnel.

Beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Seilscheibe 5 mit einem Seil 6 und einem Dämpfungsglied verbunden. Wenn die Antriebseinrichtung in Verbindung mit einem Drehwerk verwendet wird, so werden auf der Seilscheibe 5 zwei Seile mit gegenläufigem Wicklungssinn aufgebracht, deren beide Enden mit jeweils einer Dämpfungseinrichtung 7 verbunden sind, so daß in diesem Falle in beiden Drehrichtungen des Drehwerkes dynamische Stoßbeanspruchungen aufgefangen und gedämpft werden können.In the embodiment shown, the pulley 5 is connected to a rope 6 and an attenuator. If the drive device is used in connection with a slewing gear, two ropes with opposing winding senses are applied to the sheave 5, both ends of which are connected to a damping device 7, so that in this case dynamic shock loads are absorbed and damped in both directions of rotation of the slewing gear can be.

Claims (2)

  1. A drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices with a drive motor, a differential gear (2) connected to the drive motor, one shaft of which differential gear is in operative connection with the cable winch (3) or with the rotating mechanism of the lifting device via a pinion, and the other shaft (4) of which is connected to a holding device, characterised in that the holding device is formed by a cable pulley (5), round which at least one cable (6) is wound, and one cable end is connected to an attenuation device (7), the attenuation behaviour of which can preferably be adjusted, for example a spring and/or piston-cylinder unit.
  2. A drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices according to claim 1, characterised in that the holding device is formed by a cable pulley, round which two cables are wound, and the two cables are wound onto the cable pulley in opposite directions and each of the two cable ends is connected to an attenuation device (7), the attenuation behaviour of which can preferably be adjusted, for example a spring and/or piston-cylinder unit.
EP88118709A 1987-11-19 1988-11-10 Drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices Expired - Lifetime EP0316757B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT3056/87 1987-11-19
AT0305687A AT389292B (en) 1987-11-19 1987-11-19 DRIVE DEVICE FOR ROPE WINCHES AND / OR TURNTABLES FOR LIFTS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0316757A1 EP0316757A1 (en) 1989-05-24
EP0316757B1 true EP0316757B1 (en) 1992-01-15

Family

ID=3544613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88118709A Expired - Lifetime EP0316757B1 (en) 1987-11-19 1988-11-10 Drive arrangement for cable winches and/or rotating mechanisms in lifting devices

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0316757B1 (en)
AT (2) AT389292B (en)
DE (1) DE3867807D1 (en)
NO (1) NO885165L (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB743790A (en) * 1952-02-12 1956-01-25 Gratzmuller Jean Louis Improvements in and relating to cable connections
DE1186187B (en) * 1960-09-02 1965-01-28 Schwermaschb Verlade Und Trans Drive for the drum of a hoisting winch of a drawing-in mechanism or a similar unit
DE2748674A1 (en) * 1977-10-29 1979-05-10 Hydraulik Brattvaag As Rough sea load transfer unit - subjects crane hook to wave movement in synchronism with relative movement
US4318334A (en) * 1980-03-20 1982-03-09 Carrier Corporation Torque control for a fluid operated motor
GB2087826A (en) * 1980-11-15 1982-06-03 Cameron Antony Duncan Controlled torque apparatus for cables
DD243264A1 (en) * 1985-12-13 1987-02-25 Klement Gottwald Werke Veb DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC CONSTANT CONTROL OF WINCHES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO885165L (en) 1989-05-22
AT389292B (en) 1989-11-10
EP0316757A1 (en) 1989-05-24
ATE71602T1 (en) 1992-02-15
DE3867807D1 (en) 1992-02-27
ATA305687A (en) 1989-04-15
NO885165D0 (en) 1988-11-18

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