EP0313757B1 - Device for storage and removal of bulk material - Google Patents
Device for storage and removal of bulk material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0313757B1 EP0313757B1 EP88113847A EP88113847A EP0313757B1 EP 0313757 B1 EP0313757 B1 EP 0313757B1 EP 88113847 A EP88113847 A EP 88113847A EP 88113847 A EP88113847 A EP 88113847A EP 0313757 B1 EP0313757 B1 EP 0313757B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bunker
- bulk material
- bottom opening
- conveying member
- closures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/54—Gates or closures
- B65D90/62—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening
- B65D90/623—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening having a rotational motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/54—Gates or closures
- B65D90/64—Gates or closures having multipart closure members, the parts being brought into closing position one by one according to need
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for storing and transporting bulk material, in particular mixtures produced in batches in a mixer, which has a bunker with a closable bottom opening and a transport device arranged under the bottom opening of the bunker for the bulk material discharged from the bunker.
- a bunker between the mixer and a transport device provided for the removal of the mixed material or finished bulk material mixture to a consumer, which serves for the intermediate storage of the bulk material mixture and has a bottom opening through which the bulk material mixture can be used if necessary on the transport device, for example a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor.
- the bunker intended for the intermediate storage is expediently arranged directly under the mixer. So that this bunker does not build too high, it has a rectangular shape in plan, which is based on the length and width of the mixer, which preferably has a drum-shaped container, the mixer of which is arranged with a horizontal longitudinal axis and expediently one over the entire length of the cylindrical container extending drainage opening or bottom opening.
- Such an elongated bunker also has an elongated bottom opening because this also enables a low overall height.
- the conveying devices used in such systems extend in the longitudinal direction below the bottom opening of the bunker intended for the intermediate storage in order to transfer the intermediate stored material over the entire length of the bunker to the conveying device and to be able to convey it further in one direction or the other.
- a feed container which has flaps which can be opened one after the other in a floor opening, which are freely pivotable and which, in the event of unequal loading by bulk goods lying thereon, pivot one after the other in order to let bulk goods fall through.
- These hinged flaps are only opened by gravity and can only be controlled to a limited extent in a single, fixed opening sequence, so that this known feed container is not suitable for intermediate storage of bulk material, which in any sequence can be discharged onto a conveyor belt that is reversibly drivable (DE -B-1 054 377).
- the invention has for its object to provide a device for storing and removing bulk goods such as bulk mixes produced with an upstream mixer, which can temporarily store the mixed bulk goods in a bunker and release them gently and without particularly high and pronounced load peaks on a downstream transport device , so that this transport device conveys the mix according to need and to different delivery points.
- the bunker Due to the fact that the bottom opening of the bunker has a plurality of closures arranged in a row one after the other, which can be opened one after the other in a controllable sequence, the bunker can be emptied in such a way that there is no sudden peak load on the downstream transport device, but gradually with it the bulk material in the bunker is loaded and accordingly there are no excessive load peaks, but rather the load is largely balanced. This ensures that the bunker is emptied evenly and dust-free onto the secondary formwork tete transport organ or the downstream transport device also possible if bulk goods are treated that tend to dust or even flow, such as fine lime or gypsum mixtures.
- the lamella-like flap closures provided according to the invention have the advantage over slide closures known in the case of emptying openings for bunkers that they suddenly release the discharge opening on a given discharge surface, so that slide closures require long displacement paths and, accordingly, too long emptying times.
- the bunker designed according to the invention is funnel-shaped, at least in the lower region and in the cross section running at right angles to its longitudinal extent, in order to ensure that the bulk material located therein slides down to the emptying opening.
- vibrating devices can be provided on the bunker and on the outside thereof, which are particularly useful when bulk material that is difficult to transport and tends to form bridges is processed.
- wedge-shaped intermediate pieces or tabs between the discharge openings which are arranged one behind the other and are rectangular or preferably square in plan, which guide and guide the bulk material located above in the bunker in the direction of the individual closures or the outlet openings formed by them.
- a mixer (1) with a drum-shaped, lying cylindrical mixing container (2), in which a mixer (4) rotatable about a horizontal axis by a motor (3) is located, there is an elongated hopper (5) with a funnel-shaped cross section ) in which the bulk material mixture produced in the mixer (1) can be emptied suddenly if flaps (7) of the mixing container (2), which extend over the entire length of the mixing container and open a bottom opening (6), are opened, as in FIG. 2 is indicated.
- the bunker (5) is provided with an elongated bottom opening (8) which is located above a transport and filling device (9).
- This transport and filling device (9) contains a conveyor belt (10) on the encapsulated side, which can be reversibly driven by a motor (11), so that it can selectively transfer the bulk material discharged from the bunker (5) through the bottom opening (8) to a filling funnel ( 12) can convey at one end of the device (9) or a discharge nozzle (13) at the other end of this device, from where the bulk material is either packed or filled for further transport or immediately processed.
- Vibrators (14) are arranged on the outside of the bunker (5) and are provided in order to dissolve bridges of the bulk material that may form in the bunker (5).
- the bottom opening (8) of the bunker (5) is subdivided into a number of individually operable closures (15), in the embodiment shown in a total of six closures (15), each of which is provided with its own drive (16).
- These drives (16) are to be actuated individually and in a controlled sequence or sequence so that the bulk material in the bunker (5) cannot be fed onto the conveyor belt (10) one after the other, but step by step, so to speak.
- the closures (15) and their drives (16) can be opened in succession in accordance with the direction of conveyance of the conveyor belt (10) such that when the conveyor belt (10) (viewed in FIG.
- FIG. 3 and 4 is one of the closures (15) of the bottom opening (8) of the bunker (5) in part sectional top view and side view.
- the bunker (5) shown in Fig. 1 has a total of six such closures (15).
- Each closure (15) has a frame (17) which is approximately square in plan and which can be fastened to the underside of the bunker (5) with circumferential flanges (18).
- the square opening (19) of this frame (17) is formed by vertically extending side walls (20) made of abrasion-resistant material such as plastic, which has a smooth surface.
- a total of three flaps (21, 22 and 23) are provided, each of which can be pivoted about 90 ° about a horizontal axis (24), so that they are about 90 ° between a horizontal closed position, in 3 and 4, and can be pivoted to a vertical opening position.
- the closure flaps (21 to 23) overlap one another and here contain groove-shaped recesses (25), so that the mutually opposite groove-shaped recesses of the individual closure flaps can engage in a claw-like or labyrinthine manner, as shown in FIG. 4, which is necessary for a good seal is.
- closure flaps (21 and 23) can lie with their long sides sealingly under the corresponding side wall (20) of the frame (17) in the closed position, all closure flaps (21 to 23) with their front ends are matched to the corresponding side wall of the opening ( 19) arranged so that there is only a very small tolerance and accordingly no bulk material can leak from the end walls of the closure flaps when the closure flaps are in their closed position.
- Each closure flap (21 to 23) is provided at its two ends with a holder (26) on which there is a bearing journal (27) which is rotatably mounted in a bearing plate (28) fastened on the outside of the frame (17) .
- a lever (29) is fastened to the outer end of each bearing pin (27), the outer ends of the three levers (29) being fastened in an articulated manner to a control rod (31) by means of pins (30) in order to close all the flaps (21 to 23) to be able to operate simultaneously.
- the drive (16) is provided, which in the exemplary embodiment shown has a pneumatic cylinder (32) as the drive element, the piston of which can be reversibly adjusted via a control (33).
- the piston rod (34) acts via a toothed rack on a gear wheel (35) which is arranged on an extension (36) of the one pivot pin of the central closure flap (22).
- displacement movements of the piston rod (34) are converted into rotary movements of the hinge pins (27) of the central closure flap (22) in order to move them from the horizontal closed position to the vertical open position and vice versa.
- the other two flaps (21 and 23) are taken, so that all flaps are adjusted simultaneously when the pneumatic cylinder (32) of the drive (16) is actuated.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Abtransportieren von Schüttgut, insbesondere von in einem Mischer chargenweise hergestellten Gemischen, welche einen Bunker mit einer verschließbaren Bodenöffnung und eine unter der Bodenöffnung des Bunkers angeordnete Transporteinrichtung für das aus dem Bunker abgegebene Schüttgut aufweist.The invention relates to a device for storing and transporting bulk material, in particular mixtures produced in batches in a mixer, which has a bunker with a closable bottom opening and a transport device arranged under the bottom opening of the bunker for the bulk material discharged from the bunker.
Bei Mischanlagen ist es bekannt, in einem Mischer chargenweise bestimmte Schüttgutgemische herzustellen und diese dann bei Bedarf an Abnehmer oder Verbraucher abzugeben, d.h. beispielsweise abzusacken, in Transportfahrzeuge abzufüllen oder auch in Weiterverarbeitungsvorrichtungen oder -anlagen unmittelbar einzuleiten.In the case of mixing plants, it is known to produce certain bulk material mixtures in batches in a mixer and then to deliver them to customers or consumers as required, i.e. For example, bagging, filling in transport vehicles, or direct initiation in further processing devices or systems.
Da der zum Herstellen des Schüttgutgemisches vorgesehene Mischer kostspielig ist, besteht ein Interesse daran, diesen Mischer mit möglichst geringen Stillstandszeiten zu betreiben. Nach Fertigstellung eines Schüttgutgemisches ist es daher erforderlich, den Mischer ohne Zeitverzögerung zu entleeren, selbst wenn die Weitergabe des fertigen Schüttgutgemisches noch nicht unmittelbar erwünscht oder möglich ist.Since the mixer provided for producing the bulk material mixture is expensive, there is an interest in operating this mixer with the shortest possible downtimes. After completion of a bulk material mixture, it is therefore necessary to empty the mixer without delay, even if it is not yet immediately desirable or possible to pass on the finished bulk material mixture.
Um dieses Problem zu lösen, ist es bekannt, zwischen dem Mischer und einer für den Abtransport des Mischgutes bzw. fertigen Schüttgutgemisches zu einem Verbraucher vorgesehenen Transporteinrichtung einen Bunker vorzusehen, der zur Zwischenlagerung des Schüttgutgemisches dient und eine Bodenöffnung aufweist, durch welche das Schüttgutgemisch bei Bedarf auf die Transporteinrichtung, beispielsweise ein Transportband oder eine Förderschnecke, aufgegeben wird.To solve this problem, it is known to provide a bunker between the mixer and a transport device provided for the removal of the mixed material or finished bulk material mixture to a consumer, which serves for the intermediate storage of the bulk material mixture and has a bottom opening through which the bulk material mixture can be used if necessary on the transport device, for example a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor.
Der für die Zwischenlagerung vorgesehene Bunker ist zweckmäßig unmittelbar unter dem Mischer angeordnet. Damit dieser Bunker nicht allzu hoch baut, hat er eine im Grundriß rechteckige Form, die sich an der Länge und Breite des vorzugsweise einen trommelförmigen Behälter aufweisenden Mischers orientiert, dessen Mischer mit horizontal liegender Längsachse angeordnet ist und zweckmäßig eine über die gesamte Länge des zylinderförmigen Behälters sich erstreckende Entleerungsöffnung bzw. Bodenöffnung aufweist.The bunker intended for the intermediate storage is expediently arranged directly under the mixer. So that this bunker does not build too high, it has a rectangular shape in plan, which is based on the length and width of the mixer, which preferably has a drum-shaped container, the mixer of which is arranged with a horizontal longitudinal axis and expediently one over the entire length of the cylindrical container extending drainage opening or bottom opening.
Ein derartiger langgestreckter Bunker hat außerdem eine langgestreckte Bodenöffnung, weil auch das eine geringe Bauhöhe ermöglicht.Such an elongated bunker also has an elongated bottom opening because this also enables a low overall height.
Die bei derartigen Anlagen eingesetzten Fördereinrichtungen erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung unter der Bodenöffnung des für die Zwischenlagerung vorgesehenen Bunkers, um das zwischengelagerte Mischgut über die gesamte Länge des Bunkers auf die Fördereinrichtung aufgeben und von dieser wahlweise in die eine oder andere Richtung weiterfördern zu können.The conveying devices used in such systems extend in the longitudinal direction below the bottom opening of the bunker intended for the intermediate storage in order to transfer the intermediate stored material over the entire length of the bunker to the conveying device and to be able to convey it further in one direction or the other.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Fördereinrichtung starken Belastungen ausgesetzt wird, wenn man die Bodenöffnung des für die Zwischenlagerung vorgesehenen Bunkers, ähnlich wie dies beim Entleeren des vorgeschalteten Mischers in den Bunker der Fall ist, auf einmal öffnet, weil dann fast schlagartig eine große Menge Schüttgut auf die Transporteinrichtung aufgeschüttet oder aufgegeben wird, was nicht nur eine starke momentane Belastung der Transporteinrichtung bedeutet, sondern auch des Antriebes der Transporteinrichung, welcher dementsprechend für hohe Spitzenbelastungen ausgelegt werden muß.It has been shown that the conveyor is subjected to heavy loads when the bottom opening of the bunker intended for the intermediate storage is opened all at once, similar to the case when the upstream mixer is emptied into the bunker, because a large amount then almost suddenly Bulk material is poured onto the transport device or abandoned, which means not only a strong momentary load on the transport device but also on the drive of the transport device, which must accordingly be designed for high peak loads.
Um Schüttgut nach und nach auf ein Förderband aufzugeben, ist es bekannt, einen Aufgabebehälter zu verwenden, der in einer Bodenöffnung nacheinander zu öffnende Klappen aufweist, die frei schwenkbar gelagert sind und bei ungleicher Belastung durch aufliegendes Schüttgut nacheinander verschwenken, um Schüttgut durchfallen zu lassen. Das Öffnen dieser schwenkbar gelagerten Klappen erfolgt lediglich durch gravitation und ist nur bedingt in einer einzigen festgelegten öffnungsreihenfolge steuerbar, so daß dieser bekannte Aufgabebehälter nicht zur Zwischenlagerung von Schüttgut geeignet ist, das in beliebiger Folge auf ein Förderband abgeben kann, das reversibel antreibbar ist (DE-B-1 054 377).In order to gradually feed bulk goods onto a conveyor belt, it is known to use a feed container which has flaps which can be opened one after the other in a floor opening, which are freely pivotable and which, in the event of unequal loading by bulk goods lying thereon, pivot one after the other in order to let bulk goods fall through. These hinged flaps are only opened by gravity and can only be controlled to a limited extent in a single, fixed opening sequence, so that this known feed container is not suitable for intermediate storage of bulk material, which in any sequence can be discharged onto a conveyor belt that is reversibly drivable (DE -B-1 054 377).
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Abtransportieren von Schüttgut wie von mit einem vorgeschalteten Mischer hergestellten Schüttgutgemischen zu schaffen, welche das gemischte Schüttgut in einem Bunker zwischenlagern und schonend und ohne besonders hohe und ausgeprägte Belastungsspitzen auf eine nachgeschaltete Transporteinrichtung gezielt abgeben kann, damit diese Transporteinrichtung das Mischgut je nach Bedarf und zu unterschiedlichen Abgabestellen fördert.The invention has for its object to provide a device for storing and removing bulk goods such as bulk mixes produced with an upstream mixer, which can temporarily store the mixed bulk goods in a bunker and release them gently and without particularly high and pronounced load peaks on a downstream transport device , so that this transport device conveys the mix according to need and to different delivery points.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Gattung gelöst, welche die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Hauptanspruches aufweist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved with a device of the type mentioned, which has the characterizing features of the main claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Dadurch, daß die Bodenöffnung des Bunkers eine Mehrzahl von in einer Reihe hintereinander angeordneten Verschlüssen aufweist, welche in steuerbarer Folge nacheinander einzeln zu öffnen sind, kann man den Bunker derart entleeren, daß keine schlagartige Spitzenbelastung der nachgeschalteten Transporteinrichtung erfolgt, sondern diese nach und nach mit dem im Bunker befindlichen Schüttgut beladen wird und sich dementsprechend keine allzu hohen Lastspitzen ergeben, sondern die Belastung vielmehr weitgehend ausgeglichen ist. Dabei ist eine gleichmäßige und staubfreie Entleerung des Bunkers auf das nachgeschaltete Transportorgan bzw. die nachgeschaltete Transporteinrichtung auch dann möglich, wenn Schüttgüter behandelt werden, die besonders zum Stauben oder sogar zum Fließen neigen wie beispielsweise feine Kalk- oder Gipsgemische.Due to the fact that the bottom opening of the bunker has a plurality of closures arranged in a row one after the other, which can be opened one after the other in a controllable sequence, the bunker can be emptied in such a way that there is no sudden peak load on the downstream transport device, but gradually with it the bulk material in the bunker is loaded and accordingly there are no excessive load peaks, but rather the load is largely balanced. This ensures that the bunker is emptied evenly and dust-free onto the secondary formwork tete transport organ or the downstream transport device also possible if bulk goods are treated that tend to dust or even flow, such as fine lime or gypsum mixtures.
Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen, sozusagen lamellenartigen Klappenverschlüsse haben gegenüber bei Entleerungsöffnungen für Bunker bekannten Schieberverschlüssen den Vorteil, daß sie auf einer vorgegebenen Entladungsfläche sozusagen schlagartig die Entladungsöffnung freigeben, während Schieberverschlüsse lange Verschiebewege und dementsprechend zu lange Entleerungszeiten erfordern.The lamella-like flap closures provided according to the invention have the advantage over slide closures known in the case of emptying openings for bunkers that they suddenly release the discharge opening on a given discharge surface, so that slide closures require long displacement paths and, accordingly, too long emptying times.
Da die einzelnen in Reihe hintereinander geschalteten Verschlüsse der Bodenöffnung des Bunkers gesteuert geöffnet werden können, ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, die einzelnen Verschlüsse der Bodenöffnung in einer der Transportrichtung des nachgeschalteten Transportorgans entsprechenden Folge zu öffnen, beispielsweise indem der in Transportrichtung am weitesten hinten liegende Verschluß zuerst geöffnet wird und die anschließenden Verschlüsse sich in einer einstellbaren Sequenz nacheinander öffnen. Es ist jedoch auch eine Steuerung der Öffnungsfolge in umgekehrter Richtung denkbar.Since the individual closures of the bottom opening of the bunker, which are connected in series one behind the other, can be opened in a controlled manner, it is possible according to the invention to open the individual closures of the bottom opening in a sequence corresponding to the transport direction of the downstream transport member, for example by first opening the closure which is furthest back in the transport direction is opened and the subsequent closures open one after the other in an adjustable sequence. However, it is also conceivable to control the opening sequence in the opposite direction.
Der erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltete Bunker ist zumindest im unteren Bereich und im rechtwinklig zur seiner Längserstreckung verlaufenden Querschnitt trichterförmig ausgebildet, um ein Nachrutschen des in ihm befindlichen Schüttgutes zur Entleerungsöffnung zu gewährleisten. Zusätzlich können am Bunker wie auf seiner Außenseite Rütteleinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die insbesondere dann zweckmäßig sind, wenn schwer zu transportierendes und zur Brückenbildung neigendes Schüttgut verarbeitet wird. Außerdem ist es zweckmäßig, zwischen den in Reihe hintereinander angeordneten, im Grundriß rechteckigen oder vorzugsweise quadratischen Entleerungsöffnungen keilförmige Zwischenstücke oder Reiter anzubringen, welche das im Bunker darüber befindliche Schüttgut in Richtung der einzelnen Verschlüsse bzw. der von diesen gebildeten Auslaßöffnungen zu lenken und zu leiten.The bunker designed according to the invention is funnel-shaped, at least in the lower region and in the cross section running at right angles to its longitudinal extent, in order to ensure that the bulk material located therein slides down to the emptying opening. In addition, vibrating devices can be provided on the bunker and on the outside thereof, which are particularly useful when bulk material that is difficult to transport and tends to form bridges is processed. In addition, it is expedient to install wedge-shaped intermediate pieces or tabs between the discharge openings, which are arranged one behind the other and are rectangular or preferably square in plan, which guide and guide the bulk material located above in the bunker in the direction of the individual closures or the outlet openings formed by them.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Abtransportieren von Schüttgut schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigt
- Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung,
- Fig. 2 eine Stirnansicht der Vorrichtung,
- Fig. 3 eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf einen der im Bereich der Bodenöffnung angeordneten Verschlüsse in gegenüber Fig. 1 und 2 stark vergrößertem Maßstab und
- Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht des Verschlusses
- 1 is a side view of the device,
- 2 is an end view of the device,
- Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned plan view of one of the closures arranged in the area of the bottom opening on a greatly enlarged scale compared to Figs. 1 and 2
- Fig. 4 is a side view of the closure
Unter einem Mischer (1) mit einem trommelförmigen, liegend angeordneten zylindrischen Mischbehälter (2), in welchem ein um eine horizontale Achse von einem Motor (3) drehbares Mischwerk (4) angeordnet ist, befindet sich ein langgestreckter und im Querschnitt trichterförmiger Bunker (5), in welchen das im Mischer (1) erzeugte Schüttgutgemisch schlagartig entleert werden kann, wenn sich über die gesamte Länge des Mischbehälters erstreckende, eine Bodenöffnung (6) freigebende Klappen (7) des Mischbehälters (2) geöffnet werden, wie in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist.Under a mixer (1) with a drum-shaped, lying cylindrical mixing container (2), in which a mixer (4) rotatable about a horizontal axis by a motor (3) is located, there is an elongated hopper (5) with a funnel-shaped cross section ) in which the bulk material mixture produced in the mixer (1) can be emptied suddenly if flaps (7) of the mixing container (2), which extend over the entire length of the mixing container and open a bottom opening (6), are opened, as in FIG. 2 is indicated.
Der Bunker (5) ist mit einer langgestreckten Bodenöffnung (8) versehen, die sich über einer Transport- und Abfülleinrichtung (9) befindet. Diese Transport- und Abfülleinrichtung (9) enthält gekapseit ein Förderband (10), das von einem Motor (11) reversibel anzutreiben ist, so daß es das aus dem Bunker (5) durch die Bodenöffnung (8) abgegebene Schüttgut wahlweise zu einem Abfülltrichter (12) am einen Ende der Einrichtung (9) oder einem Abführstutzen (13) am anderen Ende dieser Einrichtung fördern kann, von wo das Schüttgut entweder zum Weitertransport gepackt oder abgefüllt wird oder unmittelbar zu einer Weiterverarbeitung gelangt.The bunker (5) is provided with an elongated bottom opening (8) which is located above a transport and filling device (9). This transport and filling device (9) contains a conveyor belt (10) on the encapsulated side, which can be reversibly driven by a motor (11), so that it can selectively transfer the bulk material discharged from the bunker (5) through the bottom opening (8) to a filling funnel ( 12) can convey at one end of the device (9) or a discharge nozzle (13) at the other end of this device, from where the bulk material is either packed or filled for further transport or immediately processed.
Auf der Außenseite des Bunkers (5) sind Rüttler (14) angeordnet, die vorgesehen sind, um eventuell sich im Bunker (5) bildende Brücken des Schüttgutes aufzulösen.Vibrators (14) are arranged on the outside of the bunker (5) and are provided in order to dissolve bridges of the bulk material that may form in the bunker (5).
Die Bodenöffnung (8) des Bunkers (5) ist in eine Anzahl von einzeln zu betätigenden Verschlüssen (15) unterteilt, und zwar beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in insgesamt sechs Verschlüsse (15), von denen jeder mit einem eigenen Antrieb (16) versehen ist. Diese Antriebe (16) sind einzeln und in gesteuerter Folge bzw. Sequenz zu betätigen, so daß das im Bunker (5) befindliche Schüttgut nicht auf einmal, sondern sozusagen stufenweise nacheinander auf das Förderband (10) aufgegeben werden kann. Die Verschlüsse (15) bzw. deren Antriebe (16) lassen sich entsprechend der Förderrichtung des Förderbandes (10) nacheinander derart öffnen, daß, wenn das Förderband (10) (in Fig. 1 betrachtet) nach rechts fördert, zunächst der am weitesten rechts liegende Verschluß (15) geöffnet wird und die anderen Verschlüsse nacheinander mit einer gewissen zeitlichen Verzögerung geöffnet werden, damit das im Bunker (5) befindliche Schüttgut zwar kontinuierlich ausläuft, jedoch nicht schlagartig über die gesamte Länge des Bunkers (5) bzw. der Entleerungsöffnung (8) desselben auf das Förderband (10) aufgeschüttet wird, wodurch dieses eine zu hohe schlagartige Belastung erfahren könnte.The bottom opening (8) of the bunker (5) is subdivided into a number of individually operable closures (15), in the embodiment shown in a total of six closures (15), each of which is provided with its own drive (16). These drives (16) are to be actuated individually and in a controlled sequence or sequence so that the bulk material in the bunker (5) cannot be fed onto the conveyor belt (10) one after the other, but step by step, so to speak. The closures (15) and their drives (16) can be opened in succession in accordance with the direction of conveyance of the conveyor belt (10) such that when the conveyor belt (10) (viewed in FIG. 1) conveys to the right, the one on the far right first horizontal closure (15) is opened and the other closures are opened one after the other with a certain time delay so that the bulk material in the bunker (5) runs out continuously, but does not abruptly over the entire length of the bunker (5) or the emptying opening ( 8) the same is poured onto the conveyor belt (10), as a result of which this could experience an excessive sudden load.
In Fig. 3 und 4 ist einer der Verschlüsse (15) der Bodenöffnung (8) des Bunkers (5) in teilweise geschnittener Draufsicht und Seitenansicht dargestellt. Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Bunker (5) hat insgesamt sechs derartiger Verschlüsse (15).3 and 4 is one of the closures (15) of the bottom opening (8) of the bunker (5) in part sectional top view and side view. The bunker (5) shown in Fig. 1 has a total of six such closures (15).
Jeder Verschluß (15) hat einen im Grundriß etwa quadratischen Rahmen (17), der mit umlaufenden Flanschen (18) an der Unterseite des Bunkers (5) befestigt werden kann. Die quadratische Öffnung (19) dieses Rahmens (17) ist von senkrecht verlaufenden Seitenwänden (20) aus abriebfestem Material wie Kunststoff gebildet, das eine glatte Oberfläche aufweist.Each closure (15) has a frame (17) which is approximately square in plan and which can be fastened to the underside of the bunker (5) with circumferential flanges (18). The square opening (19) of this frame (17) is formed by vertically extending side walls (20) made of abrasion-resistant material such as plastic, which has a smooth surface.
An der Unterseite der Öffnung (19) sind insgesamt drei Verschlußklappen (21, 22 und 23) vorgesehen, die jeweils um eine horizontale Achse (24) um etwa 90° verschwenkbar sind, so daß sie um etwa 90° zwischen einer horizontalen Schließstellung, in der sie in Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigt sind, und einer senkrechten Öffnungsposition verschwenkt werden können. In der Schließposition überlappen die Verschlußklappen (21 bis 23) einander und enthalten hier nutförmige Ausnehmungen (25), so daß die einander gegenüberliegenden nutförmigen Ausnehmungen der einzelnen Verschlußklappen krallenartig oder labyrinthartig ineinander greifen können, wie Fig. 4 zeigt, was für eine gute Abdichtung notwendig ist.On the underside of the opening (19) a total of three flaps (21, 22 and 23) are provided, each of which can be pivoted about 90 ° about a horizontal axis (24), so that they are about 90 ° between a horizontal closed position, in 3 and 4, and can be pivoted to a vertical opening position. In the closed position, the closure flaps (21 to 23) overlap one another and here contain groove-shaped recesses (25), so that the mutually opposite groove-shaped recesses of the individual closure flaps can engage in a claw-like or labyrinthine manner, as shown in FIG. 4, which is necessary for a good seal is.
Während die Verschlußklappen (21 und 23) sich in der Schließposition mit ihren Längsseiten unter die entsprechende Seitenwand (20) des Rahmens (17) dichtend legen können, sind alle Verschlußklappen (21 bis 23) mit ihren Stirnenden passend an der entsprechenden Seitenwand der Öffnung (19) angeordnet, so daß hier nur eine sehr geringe Toleranz vorhanden ist und dementsprechend auch an den Stirnwänden der Verschlußklappen kein Schüttgut auslecken kann, wenn sich die Verschlußklappen in ihrer Schließposition befinden.While the closure flaps (21 and 23) can lie with their long sides sealingly under the corresponding side wall (20) of the frame (17) in the closed position, all closure flaps (21 to 23) with their front ends are matched to the corresponding side wall of the opening ( 19) arranged so that there is only a very small tolerance and accordingly no bulk material can leak from the end walls of the closure flaps when the closure flaps are in their closed position.
Jede Verschlußklappe (21 bis 23) ist an ihren beiden Stirnenden jeweils mit einem Halter (26) versehen, an welchem sich ein Lagerzapfen (27) befindet, der in einer auf der Außenseite des Rahmens (17) befestigten Lagerplatte (28) drehbar gelagert ist. Auf dem äußeren Ende jedes Lagerzapfens (27) ist ein Hebel (29) befestigt, wobei die äußeren Enden der drei Hebel (29) mittels Zapfen (30) gelenkig an einer Stellstange (31) befestigt sind, um alle Verschlußklappen (21 bis 23) gleichzeitig betätigen zu können.Each closure flap (21 to 23) is provided at its two ends with a holder (26) on which there is a bearing journal (27) which is rotatably mounted in a bearing plate (28) fastened on the outside of the frame (17) . A lever (29) is fastened to the outer end of each bearing pin (27), the outer ends of the three levers (29) being fastened in an articulated manner to a control rod (31) by means of pins (30) in order to close all the flaps (21 to 23) to be able to operate simultaneously.
Zum Verstellen der Verschlußklappen (21 bis 23) ist der Antrieb (16) vorgesehen, der beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Antriebselement einen pneumatischen Zylinder (32) aufweist, dessen Kolben über eine Steuerung (33) reversibel verstellt werden kann. Die Kolbenstange (34) wirkt über eine Zahnstange auf ein Zahnrad (35), das auf einer Verlängerung (36) des einen Gelenkzapfens der mittleren Verschlußklappe (22) angeordnet ist. Somit werden Verschiebebewegungen der Kolbenstange (34) in Drehbewegungen der Gelenkzapfen (27) der mittleren Verschlußklappe (22) umgesetzt, um diese aus der horizontalen Schließposition in die vertikale Öffnungsposition und umgekehrt zu verstellen. Über die Stange (31) und die Hebel (29) werden die beiden anderen Verschlußklappen (21 und 23) mitgenommen, so daß sämtliche Verschlußklappen gleichzeitig verstellt werden, wenn der pneumatische Zylinder (32) des Antriebes (16) betätigt wird.To adjust the flaps (21 to 23), the drive (16) is provided, which in the exemplary embodiment shown has a pneumatic cylinder (32) as the drive element, the piston of which can be reversibly adjusted via a control (33). The piston rod (34) acts via a toothed rack on a gear wheel (35) which is arranged on an extension (36) of the one pivot pin of the central closure flap (22). Thus, displacement movements of the piston rod (34) are converted into rotary movements of the hinge pins (27) of the central closure flap (22) in order to move them from the horizontal closed position to the vertical open position and vice versa. About the rod (31) and the lever (29), the other two flaps (21 and 23) are taken, so that all flaps are adjusted simultaneously when the pneumatic cylinder (32) of the drive (16) is actuated.
Zwischen den einzelnen Verschlüssen (15) befinden sich im Bunker (5) sattelartige Querstege (37), welche verhindern, daß sich zwischen den Verschlüssen (15) im Bunker (5) Schüttgut absetzen kann. Diese sattelartigen Querstege (37) bewirken vielmehr, daß das im Bunker (5) befindliche Schüttgut stets in Richtung zu einem der Verschlüsse (15) rieselt oder strömt und durch die entsprechende Öffnung (19) den Bunker (5) verlassen kann. Brückenbildungen können, wie bereits gesagt, durch gegebenenfalls zusätzlich vorgesehene Rütteleinrichtungen (14) außerdem verhindert werden.Between the individual closures (15) there are saddle-like transverse webs (37) in the bunker (5), which prevent bulk goods from settling between the closures (15) in the bunker (5). Rather, these saddle-like transverse webs (37) ensure that the bulk material in the bunker (5) always trickles or flows in the direction of one of the closures (15) and can leave the bunker (5) through the corresponding opening (19). As already mentioned, bridging can also be prevented by additionally provided vibrating devices (14).
Claims (4)
characterized in that
said closure mechanisms (21, 22, 23) are components of closing caps (15) the opening movement of which is successively controlled, each of said closing caps (15) comprising a self-contained drive (16) for at least one of the closing caps associated therewith.
characterized in that
each of closing caps (15) is provided with a rectangular frame (17) and opposite said frame at least one closure mechanism (21, 22, 23) tiltable around a horizontal axis.
characterized in that
said closure mechanisms (21, 22, 23) of each of said closing caps (15) comprise overlapping sealing sections (25).
characterized in that
said closing mechanisms (21, 22, 23) of each of said closing caps (15) are connected to a common drive mechanism (16, 29, 30, 31, 32).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88113847T ATE70247T1 (en) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-08-25 | DEVICE FOR STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF BULK MATERIAL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3736392 | 1987-10-28 | ||
| DE3736392A DE3736392C2 (en) | 1987-10-28 | 1987-10-28 | Device for storing and removing bulk goods |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0313757A1 EP0313757A1 (en) | 1989-05-03 |
| EP0313757B1 true EP0313757B1 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| EP0313757B2 EP0313757B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
Family
ID=6339201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88113847A Expired - Lifetime EP0313757B2 (en) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-08-25 | Device for storage and removal of bulk material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0313757B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE70247T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3736392C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112938209A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-11 | 安徽捷迅光电技术有限公司 | Multi-position linkage pneumatic gate device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD51586A (en) * | ||||
| DE430147C (en) * | 1924-06-24 | 1926-06-08 | Carl Bender | Device for emptying bunkers |
| DE1054377B (en) | 1956-12-13 | 1959-04-02 | Norddeutsche Schrauben Und Mut | Feeding container for bulk goods |
| FR2602494B3 (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1989-04-21 | Strager Sa | COMPARTMENT CONTAINER FOR BULK, POWDER OR LIQUID PRODUCTS |
-
1987
- 1987-10-28 DE DE3736392A patent/DE3736392C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-08-25 EP EP88113847A patent/EP0313757B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-25 DE DE8888113847T patent/DE3866854D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-25 AT AT88113847T patent/ATE70247T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0313757B2 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| DE3736392C2 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
| ATE70247T1 (en) | 1991-12-15 |
| DE3736392A1 (en) | 1989-05-11 |
| EP0313757A1 (en) | 1989-05-03 |
| DE3866854D1 (en) | 1992-01-23 |
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