EP0313599A1 - Device for expansion transfer in liquid cycle systems, in particular of heating and cooling installations. - Google Patents

Device for expansion transfer in liquid cycle systems, in particular of heating and cooling installations.

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Publication number
EP0313599A1
EP0313599A1 EP88903736A EP88903736A EP0313599A1 EP 0313599 A1 EP0313599 A1 EP 0313599A1 EP 88903736 A EP88903736 A EP 88903736A EP 88903736 A EP88903736 A EP 88903736A EP 0313599 A1 EP0313599 A1 EP 0313599A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expansion vessel
liquid
line
pressure
expansion
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Granted
Application number
EP88903736A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0313599B1 (en
Inventor
Anton Schwarz
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A Schwarz and Co
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A Schwarz and Co
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1008—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system expansion tanks

Definitions

  • Device for taking over expansion in liquid circulation systems in particular of heating or cooling systems T he invention relates to a device for taking over expansion in liquid circulation systems, especially of heating or cooling systems, with at least one expansion vessel, preferably in gas exchange with the atmosphere, into the liquid from the liquid circulation system recorded and fed back from the liquid via a pressure pump to the liquid circulation system and in a
  • An overflow valve that can be adjusted to the operating pressure of the system is provided in the line to the expansion vessel and the pressure in the expansion vessel is lower than in the liquid circulation system.
  • Heating or cooling of the heating liquid changes the volume.
  • the additional volume must be removed from the liquid circuit during heating and returned to the liquid circuit when cooling.
  • it is known to transfer the excess heating fluid caused by the thermal expansion into an open expansion vessel and to supply heating fluid to the fluid circuit again when it cools down. Closed expansion vessels are also known for this purpose. It is usually used for.
  • a solenoid valve is opened and the heating fluid is released from the circuit into the expansion vessel. If the pressure in the system drops, the pressure pump is switched on and heating fluid is pumped out of the expansion vessel into the fluid circuit.
  • An example of such a system can be found in DE-A1-25 16 424. This intermittent removal and recirculation of heating fluid from or into the liquid circuit ent there are significant pressure fluctuations in the system. Analogous relationships also occur with cooling systems.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve a device of the type mentioned in the introduction such that the pressure compensation is smooth and practically without pressure fluctuations in the liquid circulation system e r f o l g t
  • expansion vessel is connected to the liquid circulation system via separate inlet and outlet lines and in that a continuously running pressure and circulation pump is arranged in the outlet line from the expansion vessel.
  • the pressure and circulation pump continuously pumps liquid from the expansion vessel into the circulatory system and, with the appropriate dimensions, ensures that the operating pressure in the circulatory system is maintained, to which the overflow valve in the supply line to the expansion vessel is set.
  • at least a partial flow of the circulating liquid flows continuously through the overflow valve or the expansion vessel.
  • the phase of cooling the circulating liquid more liquid is conveyed from the expansion tank into the circulatory system than flows into the expansion vessel via the overflow valve.
  • the liquid level in the expansion tank drops again. All of this happens practically without fluctuations in the operating pressure in the circulatory system.
  • the amount of water delivered by the pump determines the flow through the valve.
  • the pressure circuit does not have to be monitored.
  • the pressure and circulation pump arranged in the discharge line from the expansion vessel can also take over the function of the system circulation pump, so that a further system circulation pump in the liquid circulation system is unnecessary.
  • Expansion tank is connected. This measure means that expansion vessels of different sizes and receptacles do not have to be manufactured for different plant sizes. It is sufficient to produce an expansion vessel in a standard size, to which further additional expansion vessels are then connected in larger systems. Because these add-ons do not have any pumps or valves, the costs can be kept low.
  • the overflow valve in the inlet line to the expansion vessel (in conjunction with the continuously running pressure and heat pump in the outlet line of the expansion vessel), on the one hand, means that it is upstream of the overflow valve (i.e. in the liquid) circulatory system) the operating pressure prevails, to which the overflow valve is set, on the other hand that in the direction of flow behind the overflow valve (ie in the expansion vessel) there is a lower pressure than the operating pressure of the system.
  • an open expansion vessel ie a gas exchange with the atmosphere, this is practically the atmospheric pressure.
  • Expansion vessel is passed.
  • the oxygen content of the heating fluid of a heating system operated with the device according to the invention is thus also considerably lower than that of a conventional heating system due to the co-separation of the oxygen in the course of the degassing.
  • the expansion vessel is in gas exchange with the atmosphere, the surface of the liquid in the expansion vessel can be covered with a float to make it difficult to resume oxygen from the atmosphere.
  • the oxygen intake can also be reduced by a (preferably biodegradable) barrier liquid above the water level. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this takes place in that the expansion vessel has a siphon at the gas outlet, which is filled with a sealing liquid, for example oil.
  • the drawing shows the diagram of a device according to the invention for a heating system.
  • the circuit system of the heating system consists of the boiler 1, the liquid line 2 (flow) or 2 '(return) and radiators (eg radiators) 3.
  • the liquid circuit is maintained (or supported) by a system circulation pump 25.
  • a heating or Circulation liquid is preferably filtered and softened tap water.
  • the connections of the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 in the inlet line 2 ⁇ ind are arranged relatively close behind the boiler 1 in order to use the thermal degassing. This type of connection is mainly used for W assertemperaturen suitable to about 90 ° C.
  • the supply line 5 and the outlet line 6 are better connected in the return line 2 '.
  • the full liquid flow can also be conducted via the expansion vessel 4, the connecting line 2A between the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 then being omitted.
  • the overflow valve 7 is located in the feed line 5 and can be adjusted to the system pressure.
  • the actual pressure of the heating system can be read from a manometer 8.
  • the liquid circuit system usually has an overpressure of at least 1.5 bar (depending on the height of the building).
  • a continuously operating pressure and circulation pump 9 is located in the discharge line 6. It is followed in the flow direction by a flow control valve 10 and a flow meter 24.
  • a solenoid valve 11 is provided both in the inlet line 5 and in the outlet line 6. (In the drain line 6 it can also be a check valve).
  • the expansion vessel 4 controller 12 for the fresh water make-up (19 to 23) and an upper level controller 13 for securing the outlet of the expansion tank (at 15). If the water level 14 exceeds the level of the level controller 13, the solenoid valves are closed and the expansion vessel 4 is disconnected from the circuit of the system.
  • the heat generator (burner) can also be switched off via the level controller 12, 13.
  • the expansion vessel 4 and the heat generator can be switched off by pressure monitoring (for example by a press valve) in the case of overpressure or underpressure in the system.
  • the gas outlet 15 of the expansion vessel 4 is provided with a siphon 16 which is filled with a barrier liquid 17.
  • Both pipe legs of the siphon 16 have regions 16 ′ with an enlarged cross section in order to prevent the barrier liquid from flowing out in the event of slight pressure fluctuations.
  • a dashed line shows an additional expansion vessel 18 which can optionally be connected to the expansion vessel 4.
  • Line 19 is an inlet line for fresh water. Fresh water is pumped into the expansion vessel 4 when the water level 14 falls below the level of the lower level regulator 12.
  • the fresh water supply line 19 is provided with a water meter 20, a solenoid valve 22, a pipe separator 23 and a flow control valve 21.
  • the fresh water supply line can also be connected elsewhere on the expansion vessel 4.
  • an "automatic" fresh water replenishment does not necessarily have to be provided (which controls the solenoid valve 22 via the level controller 12).
  • the separate plant circulation can also be used pump 23 can be dispensed with, because the pressure and circulation pump 9 in the discharge line 6 works continuously and can therefore also take on the function of the system circulation pump.
  • the essential feature of the device according to the invention is that in continuous flow at least a partial flow of the heating liquid (heating water) is passed through the expansion vessel 4, which via the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 to the liquid line (feed line 2 or return line 2 ') of the system connected.
  • the heating fluid flows continuously via the overflow valve 7 into the expansion vessel 4 and the heating fluid is continuously returned from the expansion vessel 4 into the circulation system or into the liquid line 2, since the circulation pump 9 works continuously.
  • the same amount of liquid is not always conveyed into the expansion vessel 4 as flows out of it.
  • Heating liquid flows more liquid into the expansion vessel 4 than from it.
  • the water level 14 rises.
  • the water level 14 drops because more liquid is conveyed from the expansion vessel 4 into the circulatory system than flows in via the overflow valve 7.
  • the heating liquid is also degassed.
  • the water level 14 rises, displaced air escapes in bubbles through the barrier liquid 17 in the siphon 16. If the water level 14 drops, air from the outside again penetrates into the expansion vessel 4, but is "braked” due to the barrier liquid 17. which hinders the (re) absorption of air or air components (eg oxygen) into the heating fluid.
  • the lockable solenoid valves 11 only serve to secure the system in the event of malfunctions and do not function in the normal operating case of the heating system.
  • a device according to the invention in a heating system has been described. However, it could also be used in cooling systems, in other words wherever pressure fluctuations occurring in a liquid circulation system are to be compensated for by changes in volume of the circulation liquid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/AT88/00025 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 4, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 4, 1989 PCT Filed May 4, 1988 PCT Pub. No. WO88/08943 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 17, 1988.Device for expansion transfer in liquid cycle systems, in particular for heating installations, comprising a heating boiler (1), a liquid line (2, 2'), radiators (3) and an expansion vessel (4) at atmospheric pressure. The expansion vessel (4) is connected to the liquid line (2) of the heating installation through an inlet line (5), an outlet line (6), an overflow valve (7) which can be adjusted according to the operating pressure of the installation, and a continuously operating circulating pump (9).

Description

Vorrichtung zur Expansionsübernahme in Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystemen, insbesondere von Heizungs- oder Kühlanlagen D i e Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Expansionsübernahme in Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystemen, insbesondere von Heizungs- oder Kühlanlagen, mit mindestens einem vorzugsweise im Gasaustausch mit der Atmosphäre stehendem Expansionsgefäß, in das Flüssigkeit aus dem Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem aufgenommen und aus dem Flüssigkeit über eine Druckpumpe dem Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem wieder zugeführt wird und in einer Device for taking over expansion in liquid circulation systems, in particular of heating or cooling systems T he invention relates to a device for taking over expansion in liquid circulation systems, especially of heating or cooling systems, with at least one expansion vessel, preferably in gas exchange with the atmosphere, into the liquid from the liquid circulation system recorded and fed back from the liquid via a pressure pump to the liquid circulation system and in a
Leitung zum Expansionsgefäß ein auf den Betriebsdruck der Anlage einstellbares Überströmventil vorgesehen ist und wobei im Expansionsgefäß ein geringerer Druck als im Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem herrscht.An overflow valve that can be adjusted to the operating pressure of the system is provided in the line to the expansion vessel and the pressure in the expansion vessel is lower than in the liquid circulation system.
Es ist bekannt, daß bei Heizungsanlagen durch dieIt is known that in heating systems by
Erwärmung bzw. Abkühlung der Heizungsflüssigkeit (Wasser) jeweils eine V e r ä n d e r u n g des Volumens erfolgt. Das Mehrvolumen muß bei der Erwärmung aus dem Flüssigkeitskreislauf entnommen und bei der Abkühlung wieder in den Flüssigkeitskreislauf zurückgeführt werden. Es ist bei derartigen Heizungsanlagen bekannt, den durch die Wärmeausdehnung entstehenden Überschuß an Heizungsflüssigkeit in ein offenes Expansionsgefäß überzuführen und bei Abkühlung über eine Pumpe dem Flüssigkeitskreislauf wieder Heizflüssigkeit zuzuführen. Weiters sind zu diesem Zwecke auch geschlossene Expansionsgefäße bekannt. Dabei wird üblicherweise bei . Erreichen eines bestimmten Überdruckes im Flüssigkeitskreislauf ein Magnetventil geöffnet und die Heizungsf l ü s s i g k e i t aus dem Kreislauf in das Expansionsgefäß abgegeben. Sinkt der Druck in der Anlage, wird die Druckpumpe eingeschaltet und Heizungsflüssigkeit aus dem Expansionsgefäß in den Flüssigkeitskreislauf gepumpt. Ein Beispiel für eine derartige Anlage ist der DE-A1-25 16 424 zu entnehmen. Durch diese intermittierende Entnahme und Wiederrückführung von Heizungsflüssigkeit aus bzw. in den F lüssigkeitskreislauf ent stehen in der Anlage nicht unerhebliche Druckschwankungen. Analoge Verhältnisse treten auch bei Kühlanlagenauf.Heating or cooling of the heating liquid (water) changes the volume. The additional volume must be removed from the liquid circuit during heating and returned to the liquid circuit when cooling. In heating systems of this type, it is known to transfer the excess heating fluid caused by the thermal expansion into an open expansion vessel and to supply heating fluid to the fluid circuit again when it cools down. Closed expansion vessels are also known for this purpose. It is usually used for. When a certain overpressure in the liquid circuit is reached, a solenoid valve is opened and the heating fluid is released from the circuit into the expansion vessel. If the pressure in the system drops, the pressure pump is switched on and heating fluid is pumped out of the expansion vessel into the fluid circuit. An example of such a system can be found in DE-A1-25 16 424. This intermittent removal and recirculation of heating fluid from or into the liquid circuit ent there are significant pressure fluctuations in the system. Analogous relationships also occur with cooling systems.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß der Druckausgleich gleitend und praktisch ohne Druckschwankungen im Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem e r f o l g tThe object of the invention is therefore to improve a device of the type mentioned in the introduction such that the pressure compensation is smooth and practically without pressure fluctuations in the liquid circulation system e r f o l g t
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß das Expansionsgefäß über getrennte Zulauf- und Ablaufleitungen mit dem Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem verbunden ist und daß in der Ablaufleitung aus dem Expansionsgefäß eine kontinuierlich laufende Druck- und Umwälzpumpe angeordnet ist.This is achieved according to the invention in that the expansion vessel is connected to the liquid circulation system via separate inlet and outlet lines and in that a continuously running pressure and circulation pump is arranged in the outlet line from the expansion vessel.
Die Druck- und Umwälzpumpe fördert kontinuierlich Flüssigkeit aus dem Expansionsgefäß in das Kreislaufsystem und sorgt bei entsprechender Dimensionierung für die Aufrechterhaltung des Betriebsdruckes im Kreislaufsystem, auf den das Überströmventil in der Zulaufleitung zum Expansionsgefäß eingestellt ist. Im normalen Betriebsfall strömt zumindest ein Teilstrom der Kreislaufflüssigkeit kontinuierlich durch das Überströmventil bzw. das Expansionsgefäß. In der Phase der Erwärmung der Kreislaufflüssigkeit gelangt vorübergehend mehr Flüssigkeit durch das Überströmventil in das E x p a n s i o n s g e fäß als aus diesem durch die Druck- und Umwälzpumpe gefördert wird. Dadurch steigt das Flüssigkeitsniveau im Expansionsbehälter. In der Phase der Abkühlung der Kreislaufflüssigkeit wird umgekehrt mehr Flüssigkeit aus dem Expansionsbehälter in das Kreislaufsystem gefördert als über das Überströmventil in das Expansionsgefäß einströmt. Das Flüssigkeitsniveau im Expansionsbehälter sinkt wieder. Dies alles geht praktisch ohne Schwankungen des Betriebsdruckes im Kreislaufsystem vor sich. Die von der Pumpe geförderte Waεsermenge bestimmt den Durchfluß durch das Ventil. Der Druckkreislauf muß nicht überwacht werden.The pressure and circulation pump continuously pumps liquid from the expansion vessel into the circulatory system and, with the appropriate dimensions, ensures that the operating pressure in the circulatory system is maintained, to which the overflow valve in the supply line to the expansion vessel is set. In normal operation, at least a partial flow of the circulating liquid flows continuously through the overflow valve or the expansion vessel. In the phase of heating the circulating liquid, more liquid temporarily flows through the overflow valve into the expansion vessel than is conveyed from it by the pressure and circulation pump. This increases the liquid level in the expansion tank. Conversely, in the phase of cooling the circulating liquid, more liquid is conveyed from the expansion tank into the circulatory system than flows into the expansion vessel via the overflow valve. The liquid level in the expansion tank drops again. All of this happens practically without fluctuations in the operating pressure in the circulatory system. The amount of water delivered by the pump determines the flow through the valve. The pressure circuit does not have to be monitored.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann auf eine aufwendige Steuerungstechnik zur Steuerung und Überwachung der Anlage verzichtet werden. Ferner kommt es zu keinen Verschleißerscheinungen und Geräuschbildungen, wie sie bei der relativ hohen Schalthäufigkeit von Magnetventilen und intermittierend arbeitenden Pumpen auftreten.In the device according to the invention, complex control technology for controlling and monitoring the system can be dispensed with. Furthermore, there are no signs of wear and noise, such as occur with the relatively high switching frequency of solenoid valves and intermittently operating pumps.
Es ist möglich, nur einen Teilstrom der An lagenf lüssigkeit (Heizungsflüssigkeit) über das Expansionsgefäß zu führen oder, insbesondere bei kleineren Heizungsanlagen, den vollen Flüssigkeitsstrom über die Zulaufleitung, das Expansionsgefäß und die Ablaufleitung zu leiten. Im letzteren Fall kann die in der Ablaufleitung vom Expansionsgefäß angeordnete Druck- und Umwälzpumpe auch die Funktion der Anlagenumwälzpumpe übernehmen, sodaß sich eine weitere Anlagenumwälzpumpe im Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem erübrigt.It is possible to pass only a partial flow of the system fluid (heating fluid) over the expansion vessel or, especially in the case of smaller heating systems, to conduct the full fluid stream via the inlet line, the expansion vessel and the outlet line. In the latter case, the pressure and circulation pump arranged in the discharge line from the expansion vessel can also take over the function of the system circulation pump, so that a further system circulation pump in the liquid circulation system is unnecessary.
Eine Ausführungs variante der Erfindung sieht vor, daß an das Expansionsgefäß mindestens ein weiteresAn embodiment variant of the invention provides that at least one further to the expansion vessel
Expansionsgefäß angeschlossen ist. Durch diese Maßnahme müssen nicht für verschiedene Anlagegrößen unterschiedlich große und aufnahmefähige Expansionsgefäße gefertigt werden. Es genügt ein Expansionsgefäß in einer Standardgröße herzustellen, an das dann bei größeren Anlagen weitere Zusatzexpansionsgefäße angeschlossen werden. Da diese Z u s a t z e x p a n s i o n s g e f ä ß e keine P u mp e n oder Ventile aufweisen, können die Kosten gering gehalten werden.Expansion tank is connected. This measure means that expansion vessels of different sizes and receptacles do not have to be manufactured for different plant sizes. It is sufficient to produce an expansion vessel in a standard size, to which further additional expansion vessels are then connected in larger systems. Because these add-ons do not have any pumps or valves, the costs can be kept low.
Das Überströmventil in der Zulaufleitung zum Expansionsgefäß bedingt (in Verbindung mit der kontinuierlich laufenden Druck- und Wärmepumpe in der Ablaufleitung des Expansionsgefäßes) einerseits, daß in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Überströmventil (also im Flüssigkeits kreislaufsystem) der B e t r i e b s d r u c k herrscht, auf den daε Überströmventil eingestellt ist, andererseits, daß in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Überströmventil (also im Expansionsgefäß) ein geringerer Druck als der Betriebsdruck der Anlage vorhanden ist. Bei einem offenen, d.h. im Gasaustausch zur Atmosphäre stehenden E x p a n s i o n s g e f ä ß ist dies praktisch der Atmosphärendruck. Daraus ergibt sich ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, denn - da in der in das Expansionsgefäß einströmenden Flüssigkeit ein Druckabfall stattfindet - können in der Kreislaufflüssigkeit enthaltene Gaεe entweichen (Henry-Gesetz), und dies nicht nur gelegentlich, sondern kontinuierlich aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Merkmals, wonach zumindest ein Teilstrom der Anlagen- bzw. Kreislaufflüssigkeit kontinuierlich durch dasThe overflow valve in the inlet line to the expansion vessel (in conjunction with the continuously running pressure and heat pump in the outlet line of the expansion vessel), on the one hand, means that it is upstream of the overflow valve (i.e. in the liquid) circulatory system) the operating pressure prevails, to which the overflow valve is set, on the other hand that in the direction of flow behind the overflow valve (ie in the expansion vessel) there is a lower pressure than the operating pressure of the system. In the case of an open expansion vessel, ie a gas exchange with the atmosphere, this is practically the atmospheric pressure. This results in a further advantage of the device according to the invention, because — since there is a pressure drop in the liquid flowing into the expansion vessel — gases contained in the circulating liquid can escape (Henry's law), and not only occasionally, but continuously on the basis of the feature according to the invention, after which at least a partial flow of the system or circuit liquid continuously through the
Expansionsgefäß geleitet wird. Damit ist auch der Sauerstoffgehalt der Heizungsflüssigkeit einer mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung betriebenen Heizanlage gegenüber einer herkömmlichen Heizungsanlage durch Mitausscheidung des Sauerstoffes im Zuge der Entgasung erheblich niedriger. Wenn - wie dies vorzugsweiεe vorgesehen ist - das Expansionsgefäß mit der Atmosphäre im Gasaustausch steht, kann, um eine Wiederaufnahme von Sauerstoff aus der Atmosphäre zu erschweren, die Flüssigkeitsoberf lache im Expansionsgefäß mit einem Schwimmer abgedeckt werden. Die Sauerstoff auf nähme kann auch durch eine (vorzugsweiεe biologisch abbaubare) Sperrflüssigkeit oberhalb des Wasserspiegels herabgeεetzt werden. Dies erfolgt in einer vorteilhaften Auεführungsform der Erfindung dadurch, daß das Expansionsgefäß beim Gasauslaß einen Siphon aufweist, der mit einer Sperrflüssigkeit, bei spieIsweise öl, gefüllt ist.Expansion vessel is passed. The oxygen content of the heating fluid of a heating system operated with the device according to the invention is thus also considerably lower than that of a conventional heating system due to the co-separation of the oxygen in the course of the degassing. If - as is preferably provided - the expansion vessel is in gas exchange with the atmosphere, the surface of the liquid in the expansion vessel can be covered with a float to make it difficult to resume oxygen from the atmosphere. The oxygen intake can also be reduced by a (preferably biodegradable) barrier liquid above the water level. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this takes place in that the expansion vessel has a siphon at the gas outlet, which is filled with a sealing liquid, for example oil.
Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt das Schema einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für eine Heizungsanlage. Das Kreislaufsystem der Heizungsanlage besteht aus dem Heizkessel 1, der Flüssigkeitsleitung 2 (Vorlauf) bzw. 2' (Rücklauf) und Heizkörpern (z.B. Radiatoren) 3. Der Flüssigkeitskreislauf wird durch eine Anlagen-Umwälzpumpe 25 aufrecht erhalten (bzw. unterstützt). Als Heizungsbzw. Kreislaufflüssigkeit wird vorzugsweiεe gefiltertes und enthärtetes Leitungswasser verwendet. Ferner ist ein Expansionsgef äß 4 vorhanden, welches über eine Zulaufleitung 5 und eine Ablaufleitung 6 mit der Vorlaufleitung 2 der Anlage in Verbindung steht. Die Anschlüsse der Zulauf lei tung 5 und der Ablaufleitung 6 in der Vor lauf lei tung 2 εind relativ knapp hinter dem Heizkessel 1 angeordnet, um die thermische Entgasung zu nutzen. Diese Anschlußart ist vor allem für W a s s e r t e m p e r a t u r e n bis ca. 90ºC geeignet. Bei höheren Be t r i e b s t e m p e r a t u r e n erfolgt der Anschluß der Zulaufleitung 5 und der Ablaufleitung 6 besser in der Rücklaufleitung 2'. Bei kleineren Anlagen kann auch der volle Flüssigkeitsstrom über das Expansionsgefäß 4 geführt werden, wobei dann die Ver¬bindungsleitung 2A zwischen Zulaufleitung 5 und Ablaufleitung 6 entfällt.The drawing shows the diagram of a device according to the invention for a heating system. The circuit system of the heating system consists of the boiler 1, the liquid line 2 (flow) or 2 '(return) and radiators (eg radiators) 3. The liquid circuit is maintained (or supported) by a system circulation pump 25. As a heating or Circulation liquid is preferably filtered and softened tap water. There is also an expansion vessel 4, which is connected to the supply line 2 of the system via an inlet line 5 and an outlet line 6. The connections of the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 in the inlet line 2 εind are arranged relatively close behind the boiler 1 in order to use the thermal degassing. This type of connection is mainly used for W assertemperaturen suitable to about 90 ° C. At higher operating temperatures, the supply line 5 and the outlet line 6 are better connected in the return line 2 '. In the case of smaller systems, the full liquid flow can also be conducted via the expansion vessel 4, the connecting line 2A between the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 then being omitted.
In der Zulaufleitung 5 befindet sich das Überströmventil 7, welches auf den Anlagendruck einstellbar ist. Der Ist-Druck der Heizungsanlage ist von einem Manometer 8 ablesbar. Bei Heizungsanlagen herrscht im Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem üblicherweise ein Überdruck von mindestens 1,5 bar (je nach Höhe des Gebäudes). In der Ablaufleitung 6 befindet sich eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Druck- und Umwälzpumpe 9. Ihr folgt in der Flußrichtung ein Mengenregulierventil 10 sowie ein Durchflußmengenmesser 24.The overflow valve 7 is located in the feed line 5 and can be adjusted to the system pressure. The actual pressure of the heating system can be read from a manometer 8. In heating systems, the liquid circuit system usually has an overpressure of at least 1.5 bar (depending on the height of the building). A continuously operating pressure and circulation pump 9 is located in the discharge line 6. It is followed in the flow direction by a flow control valve 10 and a flow meter 24.
Weiters ist sowohl in der Zulaufleitung 5 als auch in der Ablaufleitung 6 ein Magnetventil 11 vorgesehen. (In der Ablaufleitung 6 kann es auch ein Rückschlagventil sein). im Expansionsgefäß 4 befindet sich ein unterer Niveau regler 12 für die Frischwassernachspeisung (19 bis 23) und ein oberer Niveauregler 13 zur Absicherung des Auslasses des Expansionsegfäßes (bei 15). übersteigt der Wa s s e r s p iegel 14 die Höhe des Niveaureglers 13, werden die Magnetventilen geschlossen und das Expansionsgef äß 4 vom Kreislauf der Anlage getrennt, über die Niveauregler 12,13 kann auch der Wärmeerzeuger (Brenner) abgeschaltet werden. Des weiteren kann durch eine Drucküberwachung (z.B. durch einen Pressoεtaten) bei über- oder Unterdruck in der Anlage das Expansionsgefäß 4 und der Wärmeerzeuger abgeschaltet werden.Furthermore, a solenoid valve 11 is provided both in the inlet line 5 and in the outlet line 6. (In the drain line 6 it can also be a check valve). there is a lower level in the expansion vessel 4 controller 12 for the fresh water make-up (19 to 23) and an upper level controller 13 for securing the outlet of the expansion tank (at 15). If the water level 14 exceeds the level of the level controller 13, the solenoid valves are closed and the expansion vessel 4 is disconnected from the circuit of the system. The heat generator (burner) can also be switched off via the level controller 12, 13. In addition, the expansion vessel 4 and the heat generator can be switched off by pressure monitoring (for example by a press valve) in the case of overpressure or underpressure in the system.
Der Gasauslaß 15 des Expansionεgefäßes 4 ist mit einem Siphon 16 versehen, der mit einer Sperrflüssigkeit 17 gefüllt ist. Beide Rohrεchenkel des Siphons 16 weisen Bereiche 16' erweiterten Querschnitts auf, um ein Ausströmen der Sperrflüssigkeit bei leichten Druckschwankungen zu verhindern.The gas outlet 15 of the expansion vessel 4 is provided with a siphon 16 which is filled with a barrier liquid 17. Both pipe legs of the siphon 16 have regions 16 ′ with an enlarged cross section in order to prevent the barrier liquid from flowing out in the event of slight pressure fluctuations.
Strichliert ist ein Zusatzexpansi onεgef äß 18 gezeichnet, das gegebenenfalls an das Expansionsgefäß 4 angeschlossen werden kann.A dashed line shows an additional expansion vessel 18 which can optionally be connected to the expansion vessel 4.
Bei der Leitung 19 handelt es sich um eine Zulaufleitung für Frischwasser. Frischwasser wird in das Expansionsgefäß 4 eingepumpt, wenn der Wasserspiegel 14 das Niveau des unteren Niveaureglers 12 unterschreitet. Die Frischwasserzulaufleitung 19 ist mit einem Wasserzähler 20, einem Magnetventil 22, einem Rohrtrenner 23 und einem Mengenregulierventil 21 versehen. Die Frischwasserzulaufleitung kann auch an anderer Stelle am Expansionsgefäß 4 angesch lossen sein. Außerdem muß nicht unbedingt eine "automatische" Frischwassernachspeisung vorgesehen sein (welche über den Niveauregler 12 das Magnetventil 22 steuert).Line 19 is an inlet line for fresh water. Fresh water is pumped into the expansion vessel 4 when the water level 14 falls below the level of the lower level regulator 12. The fresh water supply line 19 is provided with a water meter 20, a solenoid valve 22, a pipe separator 23 and a flow control valve 21. The fresh water supply line can also be connected elsewhere on the expansion vessel 4. In addition, an "automatic" fresh water replenishment does not necessarily have to be provided (which controls the solenoid valve 22 via the level controller 12).
Wenn (bei kleineren Anlagen) der volle F lüsεi gkei tεst rom des Kreislaufsystems über das Expansionsgefäß 4 geführt wird, dann kann auch auf die geεonderte An lagen-UmwäIz pumpe 23 verzichtet werden, weil die Druck- und Umwälzpumpe 9 in der Ablaufleitung 6 kontinuierlich arbeitet und daher auch die Funktion der Anlagen-Umwälzpumpe übernehmen kann.If (in the case of smaller plants) the full flow of the circulatory system is passed over the expansion vessel 4, then the separate plant circulation can also be used pump 23 can be dispensed with, because the pressure and circulation pump 9 in the discharge line 6 works continuously and can therefore also take on the function of the system circulation pump.
Das wesentliche Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist, daß in kontinuierlicher Strömung zumindest ein Teilstrom der Heizungsflüssigkeit (Hei zungswasser) durch das Expansionsgefäß 4 geführt wird, das über die Zulaufleitung 5 und die Ablaufleitung 6 an die Flüssigkeitsleitung (Vorlaufleitung 2 oder Rücklaufleitung 2') der Anlage angeschlossen ist.The essential feature of the device according to the invention is that in continuous flow at least a partial flow of the heating liquid (heating water) is passed through the expansion vessel 4, which via the inlet line 5 and the outlet line 6 to the liquid line (feed line 2 or return line 2 ') of the system connected.
Bei vorgegebenem Betriebsdruck der Heizungsanlage fließt Heizungsf-lüssigkeit kontinuierlich über daε Überströmventil 7 in das Expansionsgefäß 4 und kontinuierlich erfolgt die Rückführung der Heizungsflüssigkeit aus dem Expansionsgefäß 4 in das Kreislaufsystem bzw. in die Flüssigkeitsleitung 2, da die Umwälzpumpe 9 kontinuierlich arbeitet. Allerdings wird nicht immer gleich viel Flüssigkeit in das Expansionsgefäß 4 gefördert, wie aus diesem abströmt. In der Phase der Erwärmung derAt a given operating pressure of the heating system, the heating fluid flows continuously via the overflow valve 7 into the expansion vessel 4 and the heating fluid is continuously returned from the expansion vessel 4 into the circulation system or into the liquid line 2, since the circulation pump 9 works continuously. However, the same amount of liquid is not always conveyed into the expansion vessel 4 as flows out of it. In the phase of warming the
Heizungsflüssigkeit strömt mehr Flüssigkeit in das Expansionsgefäß 4 ein als aus diesem ab. Der Wasserspiegel 14 steigt. In der Phase der Abkühlung der Heizungsflüssigkeit hingegen sinkt der Wasserspiegel 14, weil mehr Flüssigkeit aus dem Expansionsgefäß 4 in das Kreislaufsystem gefördert wird als über das überströmventil 7 einströmt.Heating liquid flows more liquid into the expansion vessel 4 than from it. The water level 14 rises. In contrast, in the phase of cooling the heating liquid, the water level 14 drops because more liquid is conveyed from the expansion vessel 4 into the circulatory system than flows in via the overflow valve 7.
Da im Expansionsgefäß 4 ein geringerer Druck als im Kreislaufsystem, nämlich praktisch Atmosphärendruck herrscht, erfolgt auch eine Entgasung der Heizungsflüssigkeit. Bei Anstieg des Wasserspiegels 14 verdrängte Luft entweicht bläschenweise durch die Sperrflüssigkeit 17 im Siphon 16 hindurch. Sinkt der Wasserspiegel 14, dringt zwar Luft von außen wieder in das Expansionsgefäß 4 ein, infolge der Sperrflüssigkeit 17 jedoch "gebremst". was die (Wieder-) Aufnähme von Luft bzw. Luftanteilen (z.B. Sauerstoff) in die Heizungsflüssigkeit behindert.Since the expansion vessel 4 has a lower pressure than the circulating system, namely practically atmospheric pressure, the heating liquid is also degassed. When the water level 14 rises, displaced air escapes in bubbles through the barrier liquid 17 in the siphon 16. If the water level 14 drops, air from the outside again penetrates into the expansion vessel 4, but is "braked" due to the barrier liquid 17. which hinders the (re) absorption of air or air components (eg oxygen) into the heating fluid.
Die absperrbaren Magnetventile 11 dienen, wie bereits erwähnt, lediglich der Sicherung der Anlage bei Funktionsstörungen und treten im normalen Betriebsfall der Heizungsanlage nicht in Funktion.As already mentioned, the lockable solenoid valves 11 only serve to secure the system in the event of malfunctions and do not function in the normal operating case of the heating system.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel wurde der Einsatz einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bei einer Heizanlage beschrieben. Sie könnte jedoch auch bei Kühlsystemen zum Einsatz kommen, also überall dort, wo in einem F lüssigkeitskreislaufsystem durch Volumsänderungen der Kreislaufflüssigkeit auftretende Druckschwankungen kompensiert werden sollen. In the exemplary embodiment, the use of a device according to the invention in a heating system has been described. However, it could also be used in cooling systems, in other words wherever pressure fluctuations occurring in a liquid circulation system are to be compensated for by changes in volume of the circulation liquid.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Expansionsübernahme in Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystemen, insbesondere von Heizungs- oder Kühlanlagen, mit mindestens einem vorzugsweise im Gasauεtauεch mit der Atmoεphäre εtehendem Expansionsgefäß, in das Flüssigkeit aus dem Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem aufgenommen und aus dem Flüssigkeit über eine Druckpumpe dem Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem wieder zugeführt wird und in einer Leitung zum Expansionsgefäß ein auf den Betriebsdruck der Anlage einstellbares Überströmventil vorgesehen ist und wobei im Expansionsgefäß ein geringerer Druck als im Flüssigkeitskreislaufsystem herrscht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Expansionsgefäß (4) über getrennte Zulauf- und Ablaufleitungen (5,6) mit dem F lüssigkeitskreislaufsystem verbunden ist und daß in der AbLaufleitung (6) aus dem Expansionsgefäß (4) eine kontinuierlich laufende Druck- und Umwälzpumpe (9) angeordnet ist. 1. Device for taking over expansion in liquid circulation systems, in particular of heating or cooling systems, with at least one expansion vessel preferably in gas exchange with the atmosphere, into which liquid is taken up from the liquid circulation system and from which liquid is returned to the liquid circulation system via a pressure pump and in a line an overflow valve adjustable to the operating pressure of the system is provided for the expansion vessel and the pressure in the expansion vessel is lower than in the liquid circulation system, characterized in that the expansion vessel (4) is connected to the liquid circulation system via separate inlet and outlet lines (5, 6) and that a continuously running pressure and circulation pump (9) is arranged in the drain line (6) from the expansion vessel (4).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspuch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest in der Zulaufleitung (5), vorzugsweise auch in der Ablaufleitung (6) ein von einem Niveauregler (13) des Expansionsgefäßes (4) gesteuertes, vorzugsweise als Magnetventil (11) ausgebildetes Ventil angeordnet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least in the inlet line (5), preferably also in the outlet line (6) a by a level controller (13) of the expansion vessel (4) controlled, preferably designed as a solenoid valve (11) arranged valve is.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anεpruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Ablaufleitung (6) in Flußrichtung hinter der Druck- und Umwälzpumpe (9) ein Mengenregulierventil (10) angeordnet ist.3. Device according to Anεpruch 1 or 2, characterized in that a flow control valve (10) is arranged in the discharge line (6) downstream of the pressure and circulation pump (9).
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Ablaufleitung (6) der Umwälzpumpe (9) ein Durchflußmengenmesser (24) in Flußrichtung nachgeschaltet ist. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the discharge line (6) of the circulation pump (9) a flow meter (24) is connected downstream in the flow direction.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 biε 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Expansionsgefäß (4) beim Gasauslaß (15) einen Siphon (16) aufweist, der mit einer Sperrflüssigkeit (17), beispielsweise öl, gefüllt ist.5. Device according to one of claims 1 biε 4, characterized in that the expansion vessel (4) at the gas outlet (15) has a siphon (16) which is filled with a sealing liquid (17), for example oil.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Rohrschenkel deε Siphons (16) Bereiche (16') erweiterten Querschnitts aufweisen.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that both pipe legs deε siphons (16) regions (16 ') have an enlarged cross section.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, gekennzeichnet durch eine über einen im Expansionsgefäß (4) angeordneten Niveauregler (12) gesteuerte Nachfülleinrichtung (19 bis 23).7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a via a in the expansion vessel (4) arranged level controller (12) controlled refill (19 to 23).
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Anεprüche 1 biε 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an daε Expansionsgefäß (4) mindestens ein weiteres Expansionsgefäß (18) angeschlossen ist.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one further expansion vessel (18) is connected to the expansion vessel (4).
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzei chent, daß ein Teilstrom der Anlagenflüssigkeit über die ZuLaufleitung (5), daε Expansionsgefäß (4) und die Ablaufleitung (6) geführt wird.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a partial flow of the system liquid via the inlet line (5), daε expansion vessel (4) and the outlet line (6) is guided.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der volle F lüssigkeitsstrom der A n l a g e n f l ü s s i g k e i t über die Zulaufleitung (5), das Expansionsgefäß (4) und die Ablaufleitung (6) geführt wird.10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the full liquid flow of A n l a g e n f l u s s i g k e i t via the inlet line (5), the expansion vessel (4) and the outlet line (6) is performed.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druck- und Umwälzpumpe (9) in der Ablaufleitung (6) gleichzeitig die Anlagenumwälzpumpe ist. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the pressure and circulation pump (9) in the drain line (6) is at the same time the system circulation pump.
EP88903736A 1987-05-05 1988-05-04 Device for expansion transfer in liquid cycle systems, in particular of heating and cooling installations Expired - Lifetime EP0313599B1 (en)

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CA1323546C (en) 1993-10-26
EP0313599B1 (en) 1991-10-23
DE3865805D1 (en) 1991-11-28

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