EP0312337A1 - Improvements in load handling - Google Patents

Improvements in load handling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0312337A1
EP0312337A1 EP88309561A EP88309561A EP0312337A1 EP 0312337 A1 EP0312337 A1 EP 0312337A1 EP 88309561 A EP88309561 A EP 88309561A EP 88309561 A EP88309561 A EP 88309561A EP 0312337 A1 EP0312337 A1 EP 0312337A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
tackle
cable system
block
assemblies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88309561A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hendrik Van Ketel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HEEREMA ENGINEERING SERVICE BV
Original Assignee
HEEREMA ENGINEERING SERVICE BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HEEREMA ENGINEERING SERVICE BV filed Critical HEEREMA ENGINEERING SERVICE BV
Publication of EP0312337A1 publication Critical patent/EP0312337A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28—Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40—Control devices
    • B66D1/48—Control devices automatic
    • B66D1/52—Control devices automatic for varying rope or cable tension, e.g. when recovering craft from water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to load handling apparatus.
  • the invention provides load handling apparatus comprising at least one hoisting device having a lifting cable system, sling means having means for connection to a load, and means connecting the sling means to the lifting cable system, the sling means being adjustable in length whilst connected between the lifting cable system and the load.
  • the invention also provides a method of handling a load using load handling apparatus as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 a standard hoisting device having bottom tackle of a hook 10 and lower pulley block 11, upper pulley block 12, cable system 13 and winch assembly 14.
  • L1 indicates the hoist range, ie the possible travel of the bottom tackle in this hoisting device.
  • the hoist range of a hoisting device is limited by the maximum obtainable single length of cable. At present, the capacity of cable manufacturers is limited to the production of a single length of wire rope of no more than about 180 tons in weight. In general, hoisting devices for handling heavier loads require larger diameter cables. Therefore, hoisting devices which are designed for handling the heaviest loads will have correspondingly short hoist ranges. To offset this disadvantage, the load handling apparatus of the present invention is proposed, and an example is seen in Figure 1.
  • the load handling apparatus simply takes the form of a hoisting device having a lifting cable system, and an additional block and tackle assembly 15 connected between the bottom tackle of the hoisting device and the slings 16 by which the load 17 is suspended.
  • the block and tackle assembly 15 here has its own winch assembly 18, and is operable over a hoist range L2. It will be seen that the arrangement enables the effective overall hoist range of the hoisting device to be increased.
  • the winch assembly 18 may be provided as an integral part of the additional block and tackle assembly 15 or located elsewhere, eg on the hoisting device itself or on a deck.
  • the winch assembly 18 can be provided with simple means of paying in and winding up the unloaded cable, combined with a locking device to hold the full cable tension under load.
  • the winch assembly 18 can itself act as an active hoist system which is operable independently of the hoisting device.
  • the additional block and tackle asembly 15 may comprise a cable system having a single winch and a dead end.
  • the additional block and tackle assembly could be connected to the lifting cable system by means other than the hook of the bottom tackle shown in Figure 1.
  • the bottom tackle need not have a hook.
  • the bottom tackle may form part of the additional block and tackle assembly (or equivalent device) itself.
  • FIGS 1A to 1L Examples of the various different arrangements are illustrated in Figures 1A to 1L.
  • the original hoist range of a crane is shown by arrow a in Figure 1A.
  • An additional block and tackle assembly 15 with its own storage drum 18 is connected between the crane cable system and the load 17 (Figure 1B) and extended to the required length and locked (Figure 1C).
  • Figure 1D the load 17 can be lowered by an additional amount, arrow b, compared with the original hoist range, arrow a.
  • the winch assembly 18 of the additional block and tackle assembly may alternatively be located on the crane itself (Figure 1E) or on deck ( Figures 1F and 1G), possibly using an additional hanger block on the crane (Figure 1F).
  • the winch assembly 18 is itself suspended from the crane cable system, it may be located in or nearby the upper or lower pulley blocks of the additional assembly 15 (Figure 1H).
  • Figures 1J, 1K and 1L show use of the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1F as an active system.
  • the load 17 is suspended by slings from the additional block and tackle assembly 15 which is connected to the crane cable system ( Figure 1J).
  • the load 17 is lowered by an amount L1 using the winch assembly 18 of the additional assembly 15 ( Figure 1K).
  • the load 17 is lowered further using the crane hoist which is lowerable through its range h ( Figure 1L), after which the additional device has a length L2.
  • FIG 2. An alternative form of load handling apparatus is seen in Figure 2. It is conventional in offshore heavy lifts to use slings of wire rope to handle loads. The diameter of such slings as are used nowadays has already reached a size of 14 inches. Although the slings used are nominally of the same fixed length, differences occur in practice due to tolerances, uneven elongation etc. Compensation can be made for this to some degree by appropriate design of the lower pulley block and hook assembly. Nevertheless, the detrimental effects of extreme differences in sling length cannot be eliminated. To offset this problem, the load handling apparatus of the present invention is proposed and an example is shown in Figure 2.
  • the load handling apparatus includes a replacement for the conventional slings by which the load 17 is normally hung from the bottom tackle 10 of the hoisting device.
  • the replacement for the slings comprises additional block and tackle assemblies 20 and 21, each having its own winching system.
  • Figure 3 shows how the arrangement provides the possibility of manipulating the load 17 using the winching systems of the additional block and tackle assemblies 20 and 21.
  • FIG. 4 An alternative arrangement is seen in Figure 4.
  • load 17 is supported partly by conventional means 25 and partly via a device replacing conventional slings.
  • the sling replacement here comprises two additional block and tackle assemblies 26 and 27, each of which shares the same single cable system, under control of a single winch assembly 29.
  • 28 indicates the cross-over of the cable between the two assemblies 26 and 27, and alternative cross-overs are shown in dotted lines.
  • Figure 5 shows how the arrangement of the assemblies here gives a self-aligning system, so that guidance or a second hoist arrangement is needed because the rigging is unstable. Also seen in Figure 5 is that the upper pulley blocks of the two additional block and tackle assemblies 26 and 27 have been integrated into a single assembly.
  • FIG. 6 a alternative form of load handling apparatus is seen.
  • the possibiliy is illustrated of combining several additional block and tackle assemblies 30, 31 by connecting the dead ends 32, 33 to each other via an equaliser 34.
  • FIG 9 illustrates use of a load handling apparatus in a practical situation.
  • the problem which typically arises is a slacking off of one set of slings 60 as a result of relative motion between the vessels or unsynchronised hoisting action between the four hoisting devices.
  • two of the sets of slings 60 of a conventional arrangement have been replaced by a device 61 which is connected to the lifting cable systems of the two hoisting devices on one of the vessels.
  • the load handling apparatus is able automatically to compensate for relative vessel motions and maintain an even distribution of load between the hoisting devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Abstract

Load handling apparatus comprises an additional block and tackle assembly (15) connected between the load (17) and the hook (10) of a conventional hoisting device, increasing the hoist range of the device and, if replacing the conventional slings, enabling improved manipulation of the load.

Description

  • This invention relates to load handling apparatus.
  • The invention provides load handling apparatus comprising at least one hoisting device having a lifting cable system, sling means having means for connection to a load, and means connecting the sling means to the lifting cable system, the sling means being adjustable in length whilst connected between the lifting cable system and the load.
  • The invention also provides a method of handling a load using load handling apparatus as defined above.
  • By way of example, embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    • Figure 1 illustrates load handling apparatus according to the invention,
    • Figures 1A to 1L show examples of various alternative arrangements,
    • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate an alternative form of load handling apparatus,
    • Figures 4 and 5 illustrate another alternative form of load handling apparatus,
    • Figure 6 illustrates a further alternative form of load handling apparatus,
    • Figures 7 and 8 illustrate other arrangements of load handling apparatus, and
    • Figure 9 illustrates use of the load handling apparatus in an installation procedure.
  • There is seen in Figure 1 a standard hoisting device having bottom tackle of a hook 10 and lower pulley block 11, upper pulley block 12, cable system 13 and winch assembly 14. L1 indicates the hoist range, ie the possible travel of the bottom tackle in this hoisting device. The hoist range of a hoisting device is limited by the maximum obtainable single length of cable. At present, the capacity of cable manufacturers is limited to the production of a single length of wire rope of no more than about 180 tons in weight. In general, hoisting devices for handling heavier loads require larger diameter cables. Therefore, hoisting devices which are designed for handling the heaviest loads will have correspondingly short hoist ranges. To offset this disadvantage, the load handling apparatus of the present invention is proposed, and an example is seen in Figure 1. Here, the load handling apparatus simply takes the form of a hoisting device having a lifting cable system, and an additional block and tackle assembly 15 connected between the bottom tackle of the hoisting device and the slings 16 by which the load 17 is suspended. The block and tackle assembly 15 here has its own winch assembly 18, and is operable over a hoist range L2. It will be seen that the arrangement enables the effective overall hoist range of the hoisting device to be increased.
  • The winch assembly 18 may be provided as an integral part of the additional block and tackle assembly 15 or located elsewhere, eg on the hoisting device itself or on a deck. The winch assembly 18 can be provided with simple means of paying in and winding up the unloaded cable, combined with a locking device to hold the full cable tension under load. Alternatively, the winch assembly 18 can itself act as an active hoist system which is operable independently of the hoisting device. The additional block and tackle asembly 15 may comprise a cable system having a single winch and a dead end. Alternatively, there may be a double drum winch assembly for the cable system, with both drums mechanically or electrically synchronised. It will be appreciated that the additional block and tackle assembly (or equivalent device) could be connected to the lifting cable system by means other than the hook of the bottom tackle shown in Figure 1. For example, the bottom tackle need not have a hook. Or the bottom tackle may form part of the additional block and tackle assembly (or equivalent device) itself.
  • Examples of the various different arrangements are illustrated in Figures 1A to 1L. The original hoist range of a crane is shown by arrow a in Figure 1A. An additional block and tackle assembly 15 with its own storage drum 18 is connected between the crane cable system and the load 17 (Figure 1B) and extended to the required length and locked (Figure 1C). Now (Figure 1D) the load 17 can be lowered by an additional amount, arrow b, compared with the original hoist range, arrow a. This is a passive system. The winch assembly 18 of the additional block and tackle assembly may alternatively be located on the crane itself (Figure 1E) or on deck (Figures 1F and 1G), possibly using an additional hanger block on the crane (Figure 1F). If the winch assembly 18 is itself suspended from the crane cable system, it may be located in or nearby the upper or lower pulley blocks of the additional assembly 15 (Figure 1H). Figures 1J, 1K and 1L show use of the arrangement illustrated in Figure 1F as an active system. The load 17 is suspended by slings from the additional block and tackle assembly 15 which is connected to the crane cable system (Figure 1J). The load 17 is lowered by an amount L1 using the winch assembly 18 of the additional assembly 15 (Figure 1K). The load 17 is lowered further using the crane hoist which is lowerable through its range h (Figure 1L), after which the additional device has a length L2. Length L2 is less than L1 by an amount which depends upon the number of falls in the additional block and tackle assembly 15, and is given by the formula L2 = L1 - h/n where n is the number of falls.
  • An alternative form of load handling apparatus is seen in Figure 2. It is conventional in offshore heavy lifts to use slings of wire rope to handle loads. The diameter of such slings as are used nowadays has already reached a size of 14 inches. Although the slings used are nominally of the same fixed length, differences occur in practice due to tolerances, uneven elongation etc. Compensation can be made for this to some degree by appropriate design of the lower pulley block and hook assembly. Nevertheless, the detrimental effects of extreme differences in sling length cannot be eliminated. To offset this problem, the load handling apparatus of the present invention is proposed and an example is shown in Figure 2. Here, the load handling apparatus includes a replacement for the conventional slings by which the load 17 is normally hung from the bottom tackle 10 of the hoisting device. The replacement for the slings comprises additional block and tackle assemblies 20 and 21, each having its own winching system. Figure 3 shows how the arrangement provides the possibility of manipulating the load 17 using the winching systems of the additional block and tackle assemblies 20 and 21.
  • An alternative arrangement is seen in Figure 4. Here, load 17 is supported partly by conventional means 25 and partly via a device replacing conventional slings. The sling replacement here comprises two additional block and tackle assemblies 26 and 27, each of which shares the same single cable system, under control of a single winch assembly 29. 28 indicates the cross-over of the cable between the two assemblies 26 and 27, and alternative cross-overs are shown in dotted lines. Figure 5 shows how the arrangement of the assemblies here gives a self-aligning system, so that guidance or a second hoist arrangement is needed because the rigging is unstable. Also seen in Figure 5 is that the upper pulley blocks of the two additional block and tackle assemblies 26 and 27 have been integrated into a single assembly.
  • In Figure 6 a alternative form of load handling apparatus is seen. Here, the possibiliy is illustrated of combining several additional block and tackle assemblies 30, 31 by connecting the dead ends 32, 33 to each other via an equaliser 34.
  • In Figures 7 and 8, alternative equaliser arrangements are seen. In Figures 7, the two additional block and tackle assemblies 40, 41 have their dead ends 42, 43 connected by an equaliser beam 44 which is pivotable on fulcrum 45. In Figure 8, the two additional block and tackle assemblies 50, 51 have double drum winch arrangements and their cable systems 52, 53 are linked together via an equaliser cable system 54.
  • Figure 9 illustrates use of a load handling apparatus in a practical situation. In a conventional four point lift using two vessels and four hoisting devices the problem which typically arises is a slacking off of one set of slings 60 as a result of relative motion between the vessels or unsynchronised hoisting action between the four hoisting devices. As shown in Figure 9, two of the sets of slings 60 of a conventional arrangement have been replaced by a device 61 which is connected to the lifting cable systems of the two hoisting devices on one of the vessels. Now, as will be seen, the load handling apparatus is able automatically to compensate for relative vessel motions and maintain an even distribution of load between the hoisting devices.

Claims (10)

1. Load handling apparatus comprising at least one hoisting device having a lifting cable system (10,11,12,13), sling means (16) having means for connection to a load (17), and means (15) connecting the sling means to the lifting cable system, the sling means being adjustable in length whilst connected between the lifting cable system and the load.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the sling means (15) comprises at least one block and tackle assembly.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the sling means (15) comprises at least two block and tackle assemblies connected between the lifting cable system and respective points on the load, which assemblies share a common cable system.
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the sling means comprises at least two block and tackle assemblies (20.21) connected between the lifting cable system and respective points on the load, which assemblies each have their own cable system.
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 4 wherein equaliser means (34) is provided linking together the cable systems of the two or more block and tackle assemblies.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim and including means (18) for adjusting the length of the sling means whilst the sling means is under load.
7. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 6 wherein said means (18) for adjusting the length of the sling means comprises at least one winch assembly.
8. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 7 wherein said at least one winch assembly (18) is located remote from the lifting cable system and the load, eg on a deck, and is operable independently of the hoisting device itself.
9. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim in which there are at least two independent hoisting devices and a block and tackle assembly (61) which is connectable to the lifting cable systems of the hoisting devices.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim in which there are at least two independent hoisting devices and at least two block and tackle assemblies which are connectable to the lifting cable systems of the hoisting devices.
EP88309561A 1987-10-12 1988-10-12 Improvements in load handling Withdrawn EP0312337A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8723899A GB2210845A (en) 1987-10-12 1987-10-12 Improvements in load handling
GB8723899 1987-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0312337A1 true EP0312337A1 (en) 1989-04-19

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EP88309561A Withdrawn EP0312337A1 (en) 1987-10-12 1988-10-12 Improvements in load handling

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EP (1) EP0312337A1 (en)
BR (1) BR8805305A (en)
GB (1) GB2210845A (en)
NO (1) NO884529L (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004106214A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-09 Eoghan Mac Fhionnaile Innealtóreacht Teoranta Lifting and turning apparatus and method
NL2003406C2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-01 Heerema Marine Contractors Nl Improved hoisting assembly.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2501282A (en) * 2012-04-18 2013-10-23 Helix Energy Solutions U K Ltd Emergency auxiliary lifting apparatus for use with winches on ships

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US2187439A (en) * 1939-01-14 1940-01-16 Themselves And Clarke Chapman Crane equipment for the recovery of seaplanes and boats
FR1396996A (en) * 1964-06-02 1965-04-23 Tower crane
GB1013951A (en) * 1963-10-25 1965-12-22 Welin Maclachlan Davits Ltd Improvements in or relating to boat hoisting systems
GB1269778A (en) * 1968-10-02 1972-04-06 Vickers Ltd Hoisting apparatus for handling of floating bodies in rough seas
FR2171968A2 (en) * 1972-02-17 1973-09-28 Petroles Cie Francaise Anti-pounding device - eg used in loading and unloading supply vessels at oil drilling platform or ship
FR2401868A1 (en) * 1977-08-31 1979-03-30 Bretagne Atel Chantiers METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING AND DEPOSITING LOADS BETWEEN TWO SUPPORTS ANIMATED BY REPEATED RELATIVE VERTICAL MOVEMENTS
GB2005218A (en) * 1977-10-04 1979-04-19 Simon F A lifting and handling equipment unit, especially for shipside operations
FR2418193A1 (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-09-21 Simon Francois Marine hoist control system - has rope stress detector with comparator to control secondary winch and prevent jerking
EP0041290A2 (en) * 1980-05-20 1981-12-09 Ihc Holland N.V. Hoisting yoke
FR2493290A1 (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-07 Bretagne Atel Chantiers Equipment for personnel transport by crane - by cabin between oil rig and ship with electrical control against wave movement

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GB411926A (en) * 1929-03-12 1930-01-23 Henry Knowler Improvements in bomb loading gear for aircraft
GB501302A (en) * 1937-10-14 1939-02-24 Fairey Aviat Co Ltd Improved means for hoisting torpedoes, bombs and the like into a required position for stowage or launching
FR1396529A (en) * 1964-03-13 1965-04-23 Handling device for lifting operations
GB1198175A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-07-08 Irving Air Chute Gb Ltd Rescue Sling
DE1913323A1 (en) * 1969-03-15 1970-09-17 Atlas Mak Maschb Gmbh Device for rope length compensation when topping the loading booms of a ship loading device
US3588164A (en) * 1969-08-04 1971-06-28 Melvin James Wheeler Pipe handling cradle
GB1268304A (en) * 1970-02-23 1972-03-29 Suhl Hebezeugwerk Load engaging and holding device for a load lifting apparatus
US3709548A (en) * 1971-08-06 1973-01-09 Caldwell Co Inc Leveling sling
US3837697A (en) * 1972-12-18 1974-09-24 D Goodrich Adjustable multi-leg load-carrying sling apparatus

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2187439A (en) * 1939-01-14 1940-01-16 Themselves And Clarke Chapman Crane equipment for the recovery of seaplanes and boats
GB1013951A (en) * 1963-10-25 1965-12-22 Welin Maclachlan Davits Ltd Improvements in or relating to boat hoisting systems
FR1396996A (en) * 1964-06-02 1965-04-23 Tower crane
GB1269778A (en) * 1968-10-02 1972-04-06 Vickers Ltd Hoisting apparatus for handling of floating bodies in rough seas
FR2171968A2 (en) * 1972-02-17 1973-09-28 Petroles Cie Francaise Anti-pounding device - eg used in loading and unloading supply vessels at oil drilling platform or ship
FR2401868A1 (en) * 1977-08-31 1979-03-30 Bretagne Atel Chantiers METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING AND DEPOSITING LOADS BETWEEN TWO SUPPORTS ANIMATED BY REPEATED RELATIVE VERTICAL MOVEMENTS
GB2005218A (en) * 1977-10-04 1979-04-19 Simon F A lifting and handling equipment unit, especially for shipside operations
FR2418193A1 (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-09-21 Simon Francois Marine hoist control system - has rope stress detector with comparator to control secondary winch and prevent jerking
EP0041290A2 (en) * 1980-05-20 1981-12-09 Ihc Holland N.V. Hoisting yoke
FR2493290A1 (en) * 1980-11-05 1982-05-07 Bretagne Atel Chantiers Equipment for personnel transport by crane - by cabin between oil rig and ship with electrical control against wave movement

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004106214A1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-12-09 Eoghan Mac Fhionnaile Innealtóreacht Teoranta Lifting and turning apparatus and method
NL2003406C2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-01 Heerema Marine Contractors Nl Improved hoisting assembly.
WO2011025375A1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland B.V. Improved hoisting assembly
US8905381B2 (en) 2009-08-28 2014-12-09 Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland Se Hoisting assembly
NO346444B1 (en) * 2009-08-28 2022-08-22 Heerema Marine Contractors Nl Lifting device and a method for this

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO884529D0 (en) 1988-10-11
GB8723899D0 (en) 1987-11-18
BR8805305A (en) 1989-05-30
NO884529L (en) 1989-04-13
GB2210845A (en) 1989-06-21

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