EP0309487A1 - Storage system, in particular a parking system. - Google Patents

Storage system, in particular a parking system.

Info

Publication number
EP0309487A1
EP0309487A1 EP87905742A EP87905742A EP0309487A1 EP 0309487 A1 EP0309487 A1 EP 0309487A1 EP 87905742 A EP87905742 A EP 87905742A EP 87905742 A EP87905742 A EP 87905742A EP 0309487 A1 EP0309487 A1 EP 0309487A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transport
stations
parking
grate
vehicles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87905742A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0309487B1 (en
Inventor
Eduard Knakrick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87905742T priority Critical patent/ATE60396T1/en
Publication of EP0309487A1 publication Critical patent/EP0309487A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0309487B1 publication Critical patent/EP0309487B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/28—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport
    • E04H6/282—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport turntables, rotary elevators or the like on which the cars are not permanently parked
    • E04H6/287—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport turntables, rotary elevators or the like on which the cars are not permanently parked using comb-type transfer means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for parking and parking vehicles in parking facilities and the associated parking facility, which can also be used as a storage facility for other purposes, with the features in the preamble of the main method and device claim.
  • AT-PS 246 046 shows a spiral storage system in which the vehicles travel on a platform along a spiral path to the surrounding parking spaces and are set there via a transfer device or picked up again for parking.
  • the known arrangement has the disadvantage, on the one hand, that it is not possible to load several vehicles at the same time, so that there are disproportionately long waiting times.
  • the transfer device is not reliable and leads to considerable damage to the vehicles. It consists of a swiveling and height-adjustable gripper arrangement, which grasps the front wheels of the vehicle to be moved, lifts and thus shifts the vehicle for parking and exiting.
  • the grippers are not equally suitable for all wheel sizes and vehicle weights and therefore easily damage the tires.
  • the vehicle When moving, the vehicle must roll on the rear wheels, which presupposes that the handbrake was released and the neutral gear was engaged when the vehicle was delivered. There are also problems with a vehicle tilted at the point of delivery or with the front wheels turned.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a possibility for faster, more cost-effective and more reliable parking and unparking of vehicles.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features in the characterizing part of the method and device main claim.
  • the vehicle no longer has to roll when it is transferred between the individual stations and the transport device, but rather has to underpinned and raised. This means that all types of vehicles can be moved, especially when the vehicle is being dropped off in the entry station, no more precise positioning requirements have to be met.
  • the vehicle can be gripped under in different ways, for example on the body or on all wheels.
  • the storage or parking facility according to the invention offers particular advantages, which can also be used successfully for any other body.
  • the sliding floor with its profiled support surface engages under the vehicle wheels at their contact surfaces and thus lifts the vehicle at its support points, which are already structurally predetermined and can withstand high loads.
  • the orientation of the vehicle is not changed, so that there is no danger of tipping, rolling or any other undesirable position change of the vehicle:
  • a vehicle standing in an entry, exit or parking station is charged by retracting the sliding floor with its Wing under the storage area of the station.
  • the wing is then raised, penetrating the bearing surface through its design in the counter profile and lifting the vehicle.
  • the supporting surface of the sliding floor rises completely over the bearing surface of the station floor and is then withdrawn or it only lifts the vehicle a little and is then moved back within the bearing surface.
  • the procedure for unloading is the reverse.
  • the bearing and wing surfaces can be designed differently. Particularly advantageous is the shape of a grate with several arms, which is open at least on one side, in order to enable the aforementioned movement of the two surfaces in relation to one another.
  • Beaded grids with parallel and longitudinal arms are a simple and heavy-duty design, in which the recesses in the station grates also provide a support and storage area for the sliding grates with their trolleys. For precise positioning, it is advisable to provide the same and aligned gratings in the station and the transport box, which provide centering and guidance for the sliding grate.
  • the other embodiment of the raised station grates with laterally projecting arms enables the use of curved arms, which in some cases create a more favorable overlap with the contact surfaces of the vehicle wheels or other goods.
  • the sliding floor consisting of the grate, trolleys and a lifting device can also be easily moved on both sides relative to the transport box, which is not possible with a transfer device according to AT-PS 246 046.
  • the transfer device according to the invention can advantageously also be used in other parking facilities. It enables fast access times with optimal operational security. This is primarily due to the fact that the transfer device accesses vehicles that have already been made available in the drive-in boxes, which greatly reduces the transfer times. In the prior art, however, the vehicles first have to be maneuvered onto the waiting transfer device. Conversely, with the transfer device according to the invention, the vehicle is parked in the exit station and can then be climbed with ease by the occupants and driven away. It only needs to be provided on the transport boxes, so that the construction effort and the construction costs can be kept low.
  • the transfer device also saves costs in other ways by allowing the stations to be designed in a very simple manner, which in principle only consists of the storage areas or grates and support elements. Lateral boundaries, interconnects or the like are unnecessary.
  • the invention also allows a wide range of variations in the number and arrangement of the entry and exit stations. Thanks to their similar structure, the stations can be used universally and can be used either to drop off or pick up the vehicles. By arranging several such stations and optimizing the conveyor system, which is preferably controlled by a computer, with simultaneous vertical and horizontal movement, the waiting times for vehicle delivery and collection can be significantly minimized.
  • the preferred embodiments of the storage facilities optimize the adaptation and change options to predetermined property situations and neighboring buildings.
  • the parking facilities can be designed in one or more floors, round, square and rectangular and in other similar variants.
  • the modular design creates subsequent change options and a favorable cost / benefit ratio.
  • the similarity of the entry, exit and parking stations is very beneficial to the desired modular design.
  • 1 and 2 in side view and top view of a parking facility with several stations for delivering, parking and picking up vehicles, a transport device and transfer devices, 3 - 5 a transfer device in plan view,
  • Fig. 32 - 37 details of the center column and the
  • 1, 23 and 27 show a parking device (1) in side view, which has a plurality of parking stations (3), to which the vehicles delivered at one or more entry stations (4) are brought via a transport device (2) with a transfer device (6) become.
  • the pick-up takes place in the opposite way at exit stations (5).
  • the parking device (1) is designed as an essentially cylindrical tower, in which the evenly distributed stations (3, 4, 5) surround the inner transport device in a ring. 1 and 2, the stations (3) are arranged one above the other in several separate levels, the transport device (2) carrying out rotary movements and lifting and lowering movements for distributing the vehicles.
  • the stations (3, 4, 5) are arranged in a continuous, screw or spiral spiraling plane.
  • the transport device (2) also performs rotation and lifting or Lowering movements, which, however, are coupled to one another as a result of the spiral path. 1 and 2, the movements are independent of each other.
  • FIG. 23 shows a parking facility (1) with a linear arrangement of the stations (3, 4, 5) in one or more rows above and / or next to one another.
  • the Transport device (2) accordingly carries out linear displacement movements and / or lifting and lowering movements.
  • a row arrangement of stations (3, 4, 5) can also be provided on both sides of the transport device (2) (FIG. 26)
  • the transport devices (2) include in allParksbei play a conveyor (8) with one or more transport boxes (7) on which the vehicles are moved back and forth between the stations (3,4,5). The vehicles are transferred or picked up to the stations (3, 4, 5) by means of a transfer device (6).
  • the transfer device (6) in the various embodiments of FIGS. 3-22 each consists of one or more sliding shelves (13) with profiled wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15) adapted to them in the different stations (3,4,5 ).
  • the vehicles stand on the wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15).
  • the stations (3, 4, 5) are identical to one another in the design of the bearing surfaces (15), so that the entry stations (4) can also serve as exit stations (5) and vice versa.
  • the sliding shelves (13) are usually assigned to the transport boxes (7), each of which has its own.
  • the wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15) are designed in the exemplary embodiments shown as multi-arm grids, which are profiled complementary to each other.
  • the gratings (14, 15) are also open at least on one side, so that the sliding gratings (14) can pass through the station gratings (15) in the vertical direction.
  • the grids (14, 15) can also be moved into one another in their longitudinal direction.
  • the gratings (14, 15) must disengage for a relative movement in the longitudinal direction.
  • the transport box (7) with the sliding floor (13) is positioned opposite the station. Then the sliding floor (13) with its sliding grate (14) is moved into or under the station grate (15). During the subsequent lifting movement, the sliding grate (14) passes through the station grate (15), engages under the vehicle on its wheels and lifts it off the station grate (15). The sliding floor (13) is then moved back onto the transport box (7) with the sliding grate (14) raised and, if necessary, lowered again.
  • the process is reversed, in that the sliding floor (13) moves into the station with the vehicle raised.
  • the sliding grate (14) is then lowered through the station grate (15), see above. that the vehicle comes to rest on the latter. After the sliding floor (13) has been withdrawn, the transfer process has ended and the transport box (7) can be moved to another station for picking up a new vehicle.
  • the transfer device (6) shows bead-shaped gratings (14, 15).
  • the grate arms (54) are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another along the direction of displacement. They consist of box or U profiles (51.52).
  • the grate profiles (52) are placed on a continuous floor (11). A larger space remains in the middle than between the other grate profiles (52).
  • the sliding floor (13) comprises a chassis (16) and a lifting device (17) for the grate arms (54) and a drive (19) for the Displacement movement.
  • a grate (15) is arranged on the bottom (12) of the transport box (7), which is similar to that of the station (3, 4, 5) and is aligned in the transfer position of the transport box. The sliding grate (14) is thus guided in the rest position on the transport box (7) and during the transfer process continuously rail-like.
  • the drive (19) consists of a motor (19) which is arranged at the end of the transport box (7) and which drives a carriage (20) via a spindle (50).
  • the spindle (50) extends inside and along the widened central groove of the grate (15).
  • the carriage is engaged by a pin guide (21) with a crossbar at the rear end of the lifting device (17).
  • the lifting device (17) connects the freely projecting arms (54) of the sliding grate (14) to one another at their rear end.
  • the movement of the slide (20) is thus converted into a linear displacement movement of the grate (14).
  • the length of the sliding grate (14) determines the size of the available parking space for the vehicle and is slightly shorter than the length of the two grids (15) for a complete transfer.
  • the sliding grate (14) also has a widened space in the middle.
  • the U-shaped profiles (51) of the sliding grate (14) are drives (16) with which the profiles roll on the floor (11, 12) in the free space of the grids (15) during the sliding movement.
  • the trolleys (16) consist of a housing (49), here in the form of a rod, for the individual rollers, which is gripped by the grate profiles (51).
  • the housings (49) are connected via a toggle lever mechanism (22) on the one hand to a hydraulic cylinder or another drive of the lifting device (17) and on the other hand via small swivel levers to the grate profiles (51). As shown in Fig.
  • the lifting device (17) is rigidly connected to the carriage (16) and acts on the grate profiles (51).
  • the longitudinal direction of the vehicles and the direction of displacement or the longitudinal direction of the grids (14, 15) coincide.
  • the vehicles can also be arranged transversely to the direction of displacement and grating, as a result of which the grilles become shorter and wider. This variant manages with shorter displacement distances.
  • the undercarriage groups three of which are arranged under each profile (51) (see FIG. 11), have a box-shaped housing (49) which is overlapped by the U-shaped profiles (51). At the ends of the housing (49), upwardly open angle modules are arranged, in which square hydraulic cylinders (45) of the lifting device (17) are fitted in accordance with the tolerance. There are two on the outside Stop pin (46) is provided for guiding and limiting the lifting movement.
  • the profiles (51) are screwed to the outer part of the hydraulic cylinders (45) on the upper side from the outside with countersunk screws to reduce the spreading forces on the U-profiles (51) under extreme loads, via the hydraulic cylinders (45) and the angle modules also the trolleys (16) in the longitudinal direction with respect to the grate profiles (51).
  • Hydraulic lines (47) for supplying pressure to the cylinders (45) extend in the longitudinal direction between the housing (49) and the grate profiles (51).
  • the lines (47) are protected against squeezing by spacer blocks (48) arranged near the cylinder, which at the same time ensure a reduction in the vibration forces in the lowered position of the grate profiles (51).
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the above arrangement in front view, while Figs. 11 and 12 offer top views in the rest and working positions.
  • the station grate (15) is arranged at a distance on a central rail above the station floor (11). They have a central web (53) extending in the direction of displacement and arms (54) projecting laterally therefrom, which can also be bent or angled according to FIG. 22.
  • no grate is provided in the transport box (7); it can relieve the sliding floor but can also be arranged in addition.
  • the sliding floor (13) contains a portal frame (24) that rolls over drives (16) on laterally spaced and aligned rails (18) in the stations (3, 4, 5) and in the transport box (7).
  • the rails (18) are shown axially distanced in the drawings only for clarity.
  • the transport box (7) has an encompassing, box-shaped box frame (23), on the top of which the drive (19) for the displacement movement and, if necessary, additional guidance of the portal frame (24) is seated.
  • the drives (19) are duplicated here and allow the portal frame (24) to be moved to both sides (cf. FIG. 26).
  • a lifting device (17) in the form of a chain hoist or the like is accommodated in the gantry frame (24) in the corner stands, at the ends of which longitudinal beams for the sliding grate (14) are attached.
  • the grate arms (54) protrude from the outside inwards and leave a space between them for the central web (53) of the station grate (15).
  • the grids are impermeable in the direction of displacement and are only open on the two long sides in order to allow passage in the vertical direction.
  • the sliding grate (14) is lowered under the station grate (15) and this can then be moved in the longitudinal direction between the floor (11) and grate (15 ) happen.
  • the sliding grate (14) is lifted into the position shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 with the lifting device (17) and moves at a distance above the station grate (15) during the rearward sliding movement. If a station grate is arranged in the transport box (7), the vehicle can be lowered onto it.
  • the transfer device (6) loads the vehicle in a stationary state, for which purpose no exact positioning in the entry station (4) is required.
  • the vehicle can neither tip nor roll or move in any other way during transport.
  • the division of the grids (14, 15) in the examples 3-12 shown is such that a secure support of the vehicle wheels when passing and transferring from one grate to another is always guaranteed. In the case of grate arms oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle according to the examples from FIGS. 14-22, the distances are anyway less critical.
  • FIG. 23 shows a front view of a parking unit (1) with entry and / or exit stations (4, 5), which have the same width and length as a double parking station (3).
  • the stations (3, 4, 5) thus form modules that can be put together in any way in a Ba u k a t en s y s t em m i t e i n r ge e i gn e t en T ra n s po rt device.
  • FIG. 24 shows this arrangement in plan view for a single-row parking system (1), while FIG. 26 shows a double-row parking unit (1) with a transfer device (6) working on both sides (cf. FIGS. 14-22).
  • the Ausfahrstati ⁇ n (5) is constructed in the same way.
  • the stations (4, 5) can be used as desired for delivering or picking up vehicles, which means that the stations can always be used to their full extent as required.
  • the stations (3, 4, 5) and the transport device (2) with the transfer device (6) can be accommodated in a stationary parking garage or can also be used as Steel construction in modular construction.
  • Such parking units (1) according to FIGS. 23-26 can be extended in any way to the side or in height and also allow an increase in volume by changing from a simple to a double row arrangement according to FIG. 26.
  • the cylinder tower according to FIG. (1 , 2) and (27,28) can also be increased in height by increasing the height.
  • the parking units (1) with the various components are controlled by a central computer which manages the parking stations (3) and directs the transport device (2) with the transport boxes (7) accordingly.
  • the conveying device (8) of the parking unit (1) of FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a tower-like scaffold (9) which is rotatably supported in the ground on a bearing ring (25) and is rotated by a drive (26).
  • a drive 26
  • four lifting devices or lifts (10) which are evenly distributed in a cross, are arranged, which move the two-tier transport boxes (7) up and down.
  • Each transport box (7) has its own transfer device (6) so that a total of 8 vehicles can be transferred or taken over simultaneously.
  • the system is still ready for operation even if individual components fail. It offers an optimal access speed, since the lifting and rotating movements of the transport device (2) can be superimposed over time.
  • entry and exit stations Depending on the traffic volume and the desired access time, a smaller or larger number of entry and exit stations (4,5) are arranged on the ground floor. These can be defined for entry or exit or can be addressed as desired.
  • a barrier limits the entrance and only releases the vehicle when a transport box is actually ready to be picked up.
  • the two-tier transport boxes (7) are loaded in two steps unload, with the box being lowered or raised in between.
  • the scaffold (9) rotates, the transport boxes (7) being pulled to the desired height at the same time.
  • a computer-aided and optimized administration allows all transport boxes (7) to be loaded or unloaded at the parking stations (3) in a single cycle and a complete transfer to the entry and exit stations (4, 5) in the next cycle.
  • FIGS. 23-26 differ from the one described above essentially by their linear arrangement, in which the scaffold (9) consists of one or more towers arranged next to one another, which are moved separately or with one another via trolleys (25) along the row of stations .
  • the conveyor device (8) can also consist of a scissor lifting device, which is particularly useful and economical for individual modules arranged one above the other.
  • the frame (9) consists of a central hollow center column (27) which is set in rotation by means of a hydraulic or other drive (26).
  • the lifting device here has the shape of a liner (28) to which four transport boxes (7) are attached in the form of platforms and are offset from one another by a quarter of the spiral height of a 360 segment.
  • the transport boxes (7) are connected to one another by support struts (cf. FIG. 38).
  • the center pillar (27) and the liner (28) are rectangular or square in cross section, the liner (28) via roller bearings (29) on the center pillar (27) longitudinally movably supported and rotatably guided.
  • the free ends of the transport boxes (7) have drives (39) with which they can be opened a spiral track (37) are supported. With a rotary movement of the center column (27)
  • Screw line moved up or down.
  • Storage stations (3) are along the helical line in
  • FIGS. 29-31 The parking stations (3) constructed in modular construction are shown in FIGS. 29-31. Between outer vertical supports arranged in a ring (see FIGS. 27 and 28)
  • cross struts (35) are attached.
  • inner supports arranged in an inner ring
  • the steel construction shown in modular construction of the stations (3, 4, 5) allows the parking unit (1) to be increased as desired.
  • the center column (27) is accordingly designed in several parts.
  • the upper part shown in FIG. 32 has cantilevers (38), via which hydraulic, power supply and signal lines (30) are fed in a loop to the transport boxes (7) with their transfer devices (6).
  • the power and hydraulic lines (30) are led upwards from the outside along the center column (27) and encompassed in the area of the liner (28) by the correspondingly recessed roller bearings (29).
  • the sensitive Signal lines (30) are routed through the interior of the column (27) and only passed outwards at the head via the brackets (38).
  • the lower part of the column (27) shown in FIG. 35 has a ring gear for connection to the drive
  • column lengths are provided, which can be coupled to the other column parts via a plug connection. Corresponding couplings can be provided for the lines (30).
  • Fig. 39-41 illustrate the undercarriage (39) with which the transport boxes (7) are guided on the running rail (37).
  • the carriage (39) comprises two form-fitting rollers (40) which surround the rail (37) and which are connected to a connecting rod which is C-shaped in cross-section and bent in accordance with the rail (37). (41) are stored.
  • the connecting rod (41) is in turn attached to the C-flange of a bearing rod (44) via a vertical king pin (42) clamped with a compression spring.
  • the bearing rod (44) is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable and rotatable manner in a guide sleeve (43) which is flanged to the center of the bottom (12) of the transport boxes (7).
  • the undercarriage (39) thus represents a 4-way suspension which, due to the rotation and displacement of the bearing rod (44), the spring-loaded height offset of the connecting rod (41) on the kingpin (42) and in the rotational movement around the kingpin (42) has several degrees of freedom. With this, irregularities in the screw path of the running rail (37) can be compensated for, which are caused by design tolerances, contamination, wind loads, temperature fluctuations or the like. parts list

Abstract

Procédé permettant à des véhicules de prendre et de quitter un stationnement, et parc de stockage associé, notamment parc de stationnement avec plusieurs stations de stationnement, d'arrivée et de départ (3, 4, 5), un dispositif de transport (2) et un dispositif de transfert (6). Les véhicules sont saisis par en dessous à l'arrêt et soulevés pour être transférés tour à tour entre les stations (3, 4, 5) et le dispositif de transport (2). Le dispositif de transfert (6) présente à cet effet un plancher de déplacement (13) mobile dont la surface portante (14) destinée aux véhicules se présente sous la forme d'une structure à bras multiples. Dans les stations (3, 4, 5) sont disposées à cet effet des surfaces de stockage (15) formées dans le contre-profil, qui sont égales les unes aux autres. La surface portante (14) et les surfaces de stockage (15) sont configurées et mutuellement adaptées de telle manière que la surface portante (14) est déplaçable au-dessus et au-dessous des surfaces de stockage (15), et peut être soulevée et abaissée en passant à travers ces dernières.Method for vehicles to enter and leave a parking lot, and associated storage park, in particular parking lot with several parking, arrival and departure stations (3, 4, 5), a transport device (2) and a transfer device (6). The vehicles are gripped from below when stationary and lifted to be transferred in turn between the stations (3, 4, 5) and the transport device (2). For this purpose, the transfer device (6) has a movable travel floor (13), the supporting surface (14) of which for vehicles is in the form of a multi-arm structure. In the stations (3, 4, 5) storage surfaces (15) formed in the counter-profile are arranged for this purpose, which are equal to each other. The supporting surface (14) and the storage surfaces (15) are configured and mutually adapted in such a way that the supporting surface (14) is movable above and below the storage surfaces (15), and can be lifted and lowered while passing through the latter.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Ein- und Ausparken von Fahrzeugen sowie Lagereinrichtung, insbesondere ParkeinrichtungMethod for parking and unparking vehicles and storage facility, in particular parking facility
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ein- und Ausparken von Fahrzeugen in Parkeinrichtungen sowie die zugehörige Parkeinrichtung, die auch als Lagereinrichtung für andere Zwecke Verwendung finden kann, mit den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Verfahrens- und Vorrichtungs- Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a method for parking and parking vehicles in parking facilities and the associated parking facility, which can also be used as a storage facility for other purposes, with the features in the preamble of the main method and device claim.
Zur Lösung der vor allem in Ballungszentren bestehenden Parkplatznot sind mechanisierte Parkeinrichtungen in vielfacher Ausführung bekannt. Beispielsweise zeigt die AT-PS 246 046 ein Spiral-Lager-System, in dem die Fahrzeuge auf einer Plattform entlang einer Spiralbahn zu den umgebenden Abstellplätzen verfahren und dort über eine Übergabevorrichtung eingestellt bzw. zum Ausparken wieder abgeholt werden. Die bekannte Anordnung hat zum einen den Nachteil, daß nicht mehrere Fahrzeuge gleichzeitig verfrachtet werden können, so daß sich unverhältnismäßig lange Wartezeiten ergeben. Zum anderen ist die Übergabevorrichtung nicht betriebssicher und führt zu erheblichen Beschädigungen der Fahrzeuge. Sie besteht aus einer schwenk- und höhenverstellbaren Greiferanordnung, die die Vorderräder des zu bewegenden Fahrzeuges erfaßt, anhebt und damit das Fahrzeug zum Ein- und Ausparken verschiebt. Die Greifer sind nicht für alle Radgrößen und Fahrzeuggewichte gleichermaßen geeignet und beschädigen von daher leicht die Reifen. Bei der Verschiebebewegung muß das Fahrzeug auf den Hinterrädern rollen, was voraussetzt, daß bei der Abgabe des Fahrzeuges die Handbremse gelöst und der Leergang eingelegt wurde. Probleme gibt es weiter auch mit einem bei der Abgabe schräg gestellten Fahrzeug oder mit eingeschlagenen Vorderrädern.Mechanized parking facilities in a variety of designs are known to solve the parking space shortage, particularly in metropolitan areas. For example, AT-PS 246 046 shows a spiral storage system in which the vehicles travel on a platform along a spiral path to the surrounding parking spaces and are set there via a transfer device or picked up again for parking. The known arrangement has the disadvantage, on the one hand, that it is not possible to load several vehicles at the same time, so that there are disproportionately long waiting times. On the other hand, the transfer device is not reliable and leads to considerable damage to the vehicles. It consists of a swiveling and height-adjustable gripper arrangement, which grasps the front wheels of the vehicle to be moved, lifts and thus shifts the vehicle for parking and exiting. The grippers are not equally suitable for all wheel sizes and vehicle weights and therefore easily damage the tires. When moving, the vehicle must roll on the rear wheels, which presupposes that the handbrake was released and the neutral gear was engaged when the vehicle was delivered. There are also problems with a vehicle tilted at the point of delivery or with the front wheels turned.
Weitere Konstruktionen sind aus dem Merkblatt Stahl, Nr. 211, Parkbauten, der Beratungsstelle für Stahlverwendung, 2. Auflage 1972 bekannt. Hierbei handelt es sich zum einen um Paternoster-Systeme, die einen hohen Zeit- und Eneregi eaufwand bedingen, da zum Ein- und Ausparken alle Fahrzeuge im Umlauf bewegt werden müssen. Bekannt sind hieraus auch Verschiebesysteme, in denen die Fahrzeuge über Rollgänge oder Seh leppbahnen von den Ein- und Ausfahrstationen zu Aufzügen und von diesen zu Abstellplätzen und zurück manövriert werden. Die übergabevorrichtungen sind mit den gleichen Nachteilen wie beim eingangs genannten Stand der Technik behaftet.Further constructions are known from the leaflet on steel, no. 211, parking structures, the advice center for steel use, 2nd edition 1972. On the one hand, these are paternoster systems that require a great deal of time and energy, since all vehicles have to be moved in order to park and exit. Shift systems are also known from this, in which the vehicles are maneuvered from the entry and exit stations to elevators and from there to parking spaces and back via roller conveyors or optical pathways. The transfer devices suffer from the same disadvantages as in the prior art mentioned at the outset.
Bekanntgeworden sind auch Palettensysteme, bei denen diePallet systems in which the
Fahrzeuge zum Einparken auf Paletten abgestellt werden, die anschließend durch Flurfördermittel zu freien Abstellplätzen veschoben werden. Dieses System bedingt durch die Paletten einen hohen konstruktiven und kostenmäßigen Aufwand und läßt sich nur bei einstöckigenVehicles are parked on pallets for parking, which are then moved to free parking spaces using industrial trucks. Due to the pallets, this system requires a high level of construction and costs and can only be used with one-story systems
Parkflächen realisieren. Allen vorbekannten Konstruktionen ist außerdem eine zu lange Zugriffszeit zum Einstellen undRealize parking spaces. All previously known designs also have too long an access time for setting and
Abholen der Fahrzeuge zu eigen.Pick up the vehicles yourself.
Der Erfindung liegt damit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Möglichkeit zum schnelleren, kostengünstigeren und betriebssichereren Ein- und Ausparken von Fahrzeugen zu schaffen.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a possibility for faster, more cost-effective and more reliable parking and unparking of vehicles.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen im Kennzeichen des Verfahrens- und Vorrτchtungs- Hauptanspruches.The invention solves this problem with the features in the characterizing part of the method and device main claim.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren braucht das Fahrzeug bei der Übergabe zwischen den einzelnen Stationen und der Transportvorrichtung nicht mehr zu rollen, sondern wird untergriffen und übergehoben. Damit lassen sich alle Arten von Fahrzeugen bewegen, wobei vor allem auch beim Abgeben des Fahrzeuges in der Einfahrstation keine genauen Position iervorgaben mehr eingehalten werden müssen. Das Untergreifen des Fahrzeuges kann auf unterschiedliche Weise, beispielsweise an der Karosserie oder an allen Rädern erfolgen.With the method according to the invention, the vehicle no longer has to roll when it is transferred between the individual stations and the transport device, but rather has to underpinned and raised. This means that all types of vehicles can be moved, especially when the vehicle is being dropped off in the entry station, no more precise positioning requirements have to be met. The vehicle can be gripped under in different ways, for example on the body or on all wheels.
Besondere Vorteile bietet die erfindungsgemäße Lager- oder Parkeinrichtung, die sich mit Erfolg auch für beliebige andere Körper einsetzen läßt. Beim bevorzugten Einsatzbereich einer Parkeinrichtung untergreift der Verschiebeboden mit seiner profilierten Tragfläche die Fahrzeugräder an ihren Aufstandsflächen und hebt damit das Fahrzeug an seinen ohnehin konstruktiv vorgegebenen und höchstbelastbaren Auflagerpunkten an. Hierbei wird die Ausrichtung des Fahrzeuges nicht verändert, so daß keine Gefahr durch Kippen, Rollen oder eine sonstige, unerwünschte L-ageänderüng des Fahrzeuges besteht: Das Aufladen eines in einer Ein-, Ausfahr- oder Abstellstation stehenden Fahrzeuges erfolgt durch Einfahren des Verschiebebodens mit seiner Tragfläche unter die Lagerfläche der Station. Anschließend wird die Tragfläche angehoben, wobei sie durch ihre Gestaltung im Gegenprofil die Lagerfläche durchdringt und das Fahrzeug abhebt. Je nach Ausführungsform steigt die Tragfläche des Verschiebebodens komplett über die Lagerfläche des Stationsbodens und wird dann zurückgezogen oder sie hebt das Fahrzeug nur ein Stück an und wird dann innerhalb der Lagerfläche zurückbewegt. Zum Abladen erfolgt der Vorgang in umgekehrter Richtung.The storage or parking facility according to the invention offers particular advantages, which can also be used successfully for any other body. In the preferred area of use of a parking facility, the sliding floor with its profiled support surface engages under the vehicle wheels at their contact surfaces and thus lifts the vehicle at its support points, which are already structurally predetermined and can withstand high loads. The orientation of the vehicle is not changed, so that there is no danger of tipping, rolling or any other undesirable position change of the vehicle: A vehicle standing in an entry, exit or parking station is charged by retracting the sliding floor with its Wing under the storage area of the station. The wing is then raised, penetrating the bearing surface through its design in the counter profile and lifting the vehicle. Depending on the embodiment, the supporting surface of the sliding floor rises completely over the bearing surface of the station floor and is then withdrawn or it only lifts the vehicle a little and is then moved back within the bearing surface. The procedure for unloading is the reverse.
Die Lager- und Tragflächen können unterschiedlich gestaltet sein. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Form eines Rostes mit mehreren Armen, der zumindest nach einer Seite offen ist, um die vorerwähnte Einfahr- bzw. Hebebewegung der beiden Flächen relativ zueinander zu ermöglich. Sickenartige Roste mit parallel und längs gerichteten Armen sind eine einfache und hochbelastbare Bauform, bei der die Vertiefungen in den Stationsrosten zugleich eine Stütz- und Lagerfläche für die Verschieberoste mit ihren Fahrwerken bieten. Für eine genaue Positionierung empfiehlt es sich hierbei, in der Station und der Transportbox gleiche und fluchtende Roste vorzusehen, die eine Zentrierung und Führung für den Verschieberost bieten.The bearing and wing surfaces can be designed differently. Particularly advantageous is the shape of a grate with several arms, which is open at least on one side, in order to enable the aforementioned movement of the two surfaces in relation to one another. Beaded grids with parallel and longitudinal arms are a simple and heavy-duty design, in which the recesses in the station grates also provide a support and storage area for the sliding grates with their trolleys. For precise positioning, it is advisable to provide the same and aligned gratings in the station and the transport box, which provide centering and guidance for the sliding grate.
Die andere Ausführungsform der erhöhten Stationsroste mit seitlich abstehenden Armen ermöglicht die Verwendung gekrümmter Arme, die in manchen Fällen eine günstigere Überdeckung mit den Aufstandsflächen der Fahrzeugräder oder anderer Güter schaffen. Der aus dem Rost, Laufwerken und einer Hebevorrichtung bestehende Verschiebeboden kann beidieser Ausführungsform außerdem problemlos beidseitig gegenüber der Transportbox verfahren werden, was mit einer Übergabevorrichtung nach der AT-PS 246 046 nicht möglich ist.The other embodiment of the raised station grates with laterally projecting arms enables the use of curved arms, which in some cases create a more favorable overlap with the contact surfaces of the vehicle wheels or other goods. In this embodiment, the sliding floor consisting of the grate, trolleys and a lifting device can also be easily moved on both sides relative to the transport box, which is not possible with a transfer device according to AT-PS 246 046.
Die erfindungsgemäße Übergabevorrichtung kann mit Vorteil auch bei anderen Parkeinrichtungen eingesetzt werden. Sie ermöglicht schnelle Zugriffszeiten bei optimaler Betriebsicherheit. Dies ist vor allem auch durch den Umstand bedingt, daß sie Übergabevorrichtung auf schon bereitgestelIte Fahrzeuge in den Einfahrboxen zugreift, was die Übergabezeitenn stark verringert. Beim Stand der Technik müssen hingegen die Fahrzeuge erst auf die wartende Übergabevorrichtung manövriert werden. Umgekehrt wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Übergabevorrichtung das Fahrzeug in der Ausfahrstation abgestellt und kann von den Insassen dann mit Muße bestiegen und weggefahren werden. Sie braucht nur an den Transportboxen vorgesehen zu werden, so daß der konstruktive Aufwand und die Baukosten niedrig gehalten werden können. Die Übergabevorrichtung spart auch auf andere Weise Kosten, indem sie eine sehr einfache Gestaltung der Stationen ermöglicht, die im Prinzip nur aus den Lagerflächen bzw. Rosten und Stützelementen bestehen. Seitliche Begrenzungen, Leitbahnen oder dgl. sind entbehrlich.The transfer device according to the invention can advantageously also be used in other parking facilities. It enables fast access times with optimal operational security. This is primarily due to the fact that the transfer device accesses vehicles that have already been made available in the drive-in boxes, which greatly reduces the transfer times. In the prior art, however, the vehicles first have to be maneuvered onto the waiting transfer device. Conversely, with the transfer device according to the invention, the vehicle is parked in the exit station and can then be climbed with ease by the occupants and driven away. It only needs to be provided on the transport boxes, so that the construction effort and the construction costs can be kept low. The transfer device also saves costs in other ways by allowing the stations to be designed in a very simple manner, which in principle only consists of the storage areas or grates and support elements. Lateral boundaries, interconnects or the like are unnecessary.
Die Erfindung gestattet auch eine große Variationsbreite der Zahl und Anordnung der Ein- und Ausfahrstationen. Die Stationen sind durch ihren gleichartigen Aufbau universell verwendbar und können wahlweise zur Abgabe oder Abholung der Fahrzeuge herangezogen werden. Bei Anordnung mehrerer solcher Stationen und Optimierung des vorzugsweise durch einen Computer gesteuerten Förderungssystems mit gleichzeitiger vertikaler und horizontaler Bewegung lassen sich die Wartezeiten bei der Fahrzeugabgabe und Abholung wesentlich minimieren.The invention also allows a wide range of variations in the number and arrangement of the entry and exit stations. Thanks to their similar structure, the stations can be used universally and can be used either to drop off or pick up the vehicles. By arranging several such stations and optimizing the conveyor system, which is preferably controlled by a computer, with simultaneous vertical and horizontal movement, the waiting times for vehicle delivery and collection can be significantly minimized.
Die bevorzugten Ausführungsformen der Lagereinrichtungen optimieren die Anpassung- und Veränderungsmöglichkeiten an vorgegebene Grundstückssituationen und Nachbarbebauungen. Die Parkeinrichtungen können ein- oder mehrstöckig, rund, quadratisch und rechteckig und in dergleichen anderen Varianten ausgebildet werden. Die Modulbauweise schafft nachträgliche Änderungsmöglichkeiten sowie ein günstiges Kosten/Nut zen-VerhäItnis. Die Gleichartigkeit der Ein-, Ausfahrt- und Abstellstationen kommt der angestrebten Modulbauweise dabei sehr entgegen.The preferred embodiments of the storage facilities optimize the adaptation and change options to predetermined property situations and neighboring buildings. The parking facilities can be designed in one or more floors, round, square and rectangular and in other similar variants. The modular design creates subsequent change options and a favorable cost / benefit ratio. The similarity of the entry, exit and parking stations is very beneficial to the desired modular design.
Die Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen beispielsweise und schematisch dargestellt. Im einzelnen zeigenThe invention is shown in the drawings, for example and schematically. Show in detail
Fig. 1 und 2 in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht eine Parkeinrichtung mit mehreren Stationen zum Abgeben, Parken und Abholen von Fahrzeugen, einer Transportvorrichtung und übergabevorri chtungen, Fig. 3 - 5 eine Übergabevorrichtung in Draufsicht,1 and 2 in side view and top view of a parking facility with several stations for delivering, parking and picking up vehicles, a transport device and transfer devices, 3 - 5 a transfer device in plan view,
Fig. 6 und 7 einen Verschiebeboden in verschiedenen Hebestellungen in Seitenansicht,6 and 7 a sliding floor in different lifting positions in side view,
Fig. 8 und 9 eine Variation des Verschiebebodens von Fig. 6 und 7 in vergrößerter Detailansicht,8 and 9 a variation of the sliding floor of Fig. 6 and 7 in an enlarged detail view,
Fig. 10 eine Stirnansicht eines Verschiebebodens,10 is an end view of a sliding floor,
Fig. 11 und 12 Draufsichten auf die11 and 12 plan views of the
Schiebebodenvariante gemäß Fig. 8 und 9 in verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen,Sliding floor variant according to FIGS. 8 and 9 in different working positions,
Fig. 13 einen Übergabevorgang im Schemaablauf,13 shows a transfer process in the schematic sequence,
Fig. 14 - 22 eine andere Ausführungsform der14-22 another embodiment of the
Übergabevorrichtung in verschiedenen Ansichten,Transfer device in different views,
Fig. 23 - 26 eine Parkeinrichtung in verschiedenen Ansichten,23-26 a parking facility in different views,
Fig. 27 und 28 eine Parkeinrichtung mit spiralförmiger Transportvorrichtung in Seitenansicht und Draufsicht,27 and 28 a parking facility with a spiral transport device in side view and top view,
Fig. 29 - 31 eine Abstellstation in Draufsicht,29 - 31 a parking station in plan view,
Seiten- und Stirnansicht, Fig. 32 - 37 Details der Mittelsäule und derSide and front view, Fig. 32 - 37 details of the center column and the
Laufbüchse der Transportvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 27 in verschiedenen Ansichten und27 in different views and
Fig. 38 - 41 Einzelheiten der38-41 details of the
Fahrwerksgestaltung der Transportboxen gemäß Fig. 27, 28 in verschiedenen Ansichten.Chassis design of the transport boxes according to FIGS. 27, 28 in different views.
Fig. 1, 23 und 27 zeigen eine Parkeinrichtung (1) in Seitenansicht, die mehrere Abstellstationen (3) besitzt, zu denen die an einer oder mehreren Einfahrstationen (4) abgegebenen Fahrzeuge über eine Transportvorrichtung (2) mit einer Übergabevorrichtung (6) gebracht werden. Die Abholung erfolgt über den umgekehrten Weg an Ausfahrstationen (5).1, 23 and 27 show a parking device (1) in side view, which has a plurality of parking stations (3), to which the vehicles delivered at one or more entry stations (4) are brought via a transport device (2) with a transfer device (6) become. The pick-up takes place in the opposite way at exit stations (5).
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1, 2 und 27, 28. ist die Parkeinrichtung (1) als ein im wesentlichen zylindrischer Turm ausgebildet, bei dem die gleichmäßig verteilten Stationen (3,4,5) die innenliegende Transportvorrichtung ringförmig umgeben. In Fig. 1 und 2 sind die Stationen (3) in mehreren getrennten Ebenen übereinander angeordnet, wobei die Transportvorrichtung (2) zur Verteilung der Fahrzeuge Drehbewegungen sowie Hub- und Senkbewegungen ausführt. Im Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 27 und 28 sind die Stationen (3,4,5) in einer durchgehenden, schrauben- oder spiralförmig sich emporwindenden Ebene angeordnet. Die Transportvorrichtung (2) führt ebenfalls Dreh- und Hebbzw. Senkbewegungen aus, die infolge der Spiralbahn jedoch miteinander gekoppelt sind. Bei Fig. 1 und 2 sind die Bewegungen unabhängig voneinander.In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2 and 27, 28, the parking device (1) is designed as an essentially cylindrical tower, in which the evenly distributed stations (3, 4, 5) surround the inner transport device in a ring. 1 and 2, the stations (3) are arranged one above the other in several separate levels, the transport device (2) carrying out rotary movements and lifting and lowering movements for distributing the vehicles. In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 27 and 28, the stations (3, 4, 5) are arranged in a continuous, screw or spiral spiraling plane. The transport device (2) also performs rotation and lifting or Lowering movements, which, however, are coupled to one another as a result of the spiral path. 1 and 2, the movements are independent of each other.
Fig. 23 zeigt eine Parkeinrichtung (1) mit einer linearen Anordnung der Stationen (3,4,5) in einer oder mehreren Reihen über- und/oder nebeneinander. Die Transportvorrichtung (2) führt demgemäß lineare Verschiebebgwegungen und/oder Hebe- und Senkbewegungen aus. Hierbei kann auch zu beiden Seiten der Transportvorrichtung (2) eine Reihenanordnung von Stationen (3,4,5) vorgesehen sein (Fig. 26)23 shows a parking facility (1) with a linear arrangement of the stations (3, 4, 5) in one or more rows above and / or next to one another. The Transport device (2) accordingly carries out linear displacement movements and / or lifting and lowering movements. A row arrangement of stations (3, 4, 5) can also be provided on both sides of the transport device (2) (FIG. 26)
Die Transportvorrichtungen (2) beinhalten in allen Ausführungsbei spielen eine Fördereinrichtung (8) mit einer oder mehreren Transportboxen (7), auf denen die Fahrzeuge zwischen den Stationen (3,4,5) hin- und herbewegt werden. Mittels einer Übergabevorrichtung (6) werden die Fahrzeuge in die Stationen (3,4,5) übergeben bzw. abgeholt.The transport devices (2) include in all Ausführungsbei play a conveyor (8) with one or more transport boxes (7) on which the vehicles are moved back and forth between the stations (3,4,5). The vehicles are transferred or picked up to the stations (3, 4, 5) by means of a transfer device (6).
Die Übergabevorrichtung (6) besteht in den verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 3-22 jeweils aus einem oder mehreren Verschiebeböden (13), mit profilierten Tragflächen (14) und aus daran angepaßten Lagerflächen (15) in den verschiedenen Stationen (3,4,5). Auf den Tragflächen (14) und Lagerflächen (15) stehen die Fahrzeuge. Die Stationen (3,4,5) sind in der Gestaltung der Lagerflächen (15) untereinander gleich, so daß die Einfahrstationen (4) auch als Ausfahrstationen (5) und umgekehrt dienen können. Die Verschiebeböden (13) sind üblicherweise den Transportboxen (7) zugeordnet, von denen j ede einen eigenen hat.The transfer device (6) in the various embodiments of FIGS. 3-22 each consists of one or more sliding shelves (13) with profiled wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15) adapted to them in the different stations (3,4,5 ). The vehicles stand on the wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15). The stations (3, 4, 5) are identical to one another in the design of the bearing surfaces (15), so that the entry stations (4) can also serve as exit stations (5) and vice versa. The sliding shelves (13) are usually assigned to the transport boxes (7), each of which has its own.
Die Tragflächen (14) und Lagerflächen (15) sind in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen als mehrarmige Roste ausgebildet, die zueinander komplementär profiliert sind. Die Roste (14,15) sind zudem mindestens nach einer Seite offen, so daß die Verschieberoste (14) in vertikaler Richtung durch die Stationsroste (15) treten können. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3-12 können die Roste (14,15) auch in ihrer Längsrichtung ineinandergefahren werden. Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 14-22 ermöglicht zwar ein vertikales Durchdringen, für eine Relativbewegung in Längsrichtung müssen die Roste (14,15) jedoch außer Eingriff geraten. Vor der Erläuterung der konstruktiven Details wird zunächst einmal die Funktion der Übergabevorrichtung (6) anhand von Fig. 13 erläutert. Zum Abholen eines Fahrzeugs aus einer Station (3,4,5) wird die Transportbox (7) mit dem Verschiebeboden (13) gegenüber der Station positioniert. Dann wird der Verschiebeboden (13) mit seinem Verschieberost (14) in oder unter den Stationsrost (15) gefahren. Bei der anschließenden Hebebewegung tritt der Verschieberost (14) durch den Stationsrost (15), untergreift das Fahrzeug an seinen Rädern und hebt es vom Stationsrost (15) ab. Der Verschiebeboden (13) wird dann mit angehobenem Verschieberost (14) zurück auf die Transportbox (7) gefahren und gebenenfalls wieder abgesenkt. Bei Abstellen des Fahrzeuges in einer Station läuft der Vorgang umgekehrt ab, indem der Verschiebeboden (13) mit dem angehobenen Fahrzeug in die Station einfährt. Der Verschieberost (14) wird dann durch den Stationsrost (15) abgesenkt, so. daß das Fahrzeug wieder auf letzteren zu stehen kommt. Nach dem Zurückziehen des Verschiebebodens (13) ist der Übergabevorgang beendet und die Transportbox (7) kann zu einer anderen Station zur Abholung eines neuen Fahrzeugs bewegt werden.The wings (14) and bearing surfaces (15) are designed in the exemplary embodiments shown as multi-arm grids, which are profiled complementary to each other. The gratings (14, 15) are also open at least on one side, so that the sliding gratings (14) can pass through the station gratings (15) in the vertical direction. In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3-12, the grids (14, 15) can also be moved into one another in their longitudinal direction. Although the embodiment according to FIGS. 14-22 enables vertical penetration, the gratings (14, 15) must disengage for a relative movement in the longitudinal direction. Before the construction details are explained, the function of the transfer device (6) is first explained with reference to FIG. 13. To pick up a vehicle from a station (3, 4, 5), the transport box (7) with the sliding floor (13) is positioned opposite the station. Then the sliding floor (13) with its sliding grate (14) is moved into or under the station grate (15). During the subsequent lifting movement, the sliding grate (14) passes through the station grate (15), engages under the vehicle on its wheels and lifts it off the station grate (15). The sliding floor (13) is then moved back onto the transport box (7) with the sliding grate (14) raised and, if necessary, lowered again. When the vehicle is parked in a station, the process is reversed, in that the sliding floor (13) moves into the station with the vehicle raised. The sliding grate (14) is then lowered through the station grate (15), see above. that the vehicle comes to rest on the latter. After the sliding floor (13) has been withdrawn, the transfer process has ended and the transport box (7) can be moved to another station for picking up a new vehicle.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3-12 zeigt die Übergabevorrichtung (6) sickenförmige Roste (14,15). Die Rostarme (54) sind längs der Verschieberichtung parallel und mit Abstand zueinander angeordnet. Sie bestehen aus Kasten- oder U-Profilen (51,52). Beim Stationsrost (15) sind die Rostprofile (52) auf einen durchgehenden Boden (11) gesetzt. In der Mitte bleibt hierbei ein größerer Zwischenraum frei als zwischen den anderen Rostprofilen (52).In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3-12, the transfer device (6) shows bead-shaped gratings (14, 15). The grate arms (54) are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another along the direction of displacement. They consist of box or U profiles (51.52). In the case of the station grate (15), the grate profiles (52) are placed on a continuous floor (11). A larger space remains in the middle than between the other grate profiles (52).
Der Verschiebeboden (13) umfaßt neben dem Rost (14) ein Fahrwerk (16) und eine Hebevorrichtung (17) für die Rostarme (54) sowie einen Antrieb (19) für die Verschiebebewegung. Bei dieser Bauform ist auch auf dem Boden (12) der Transportbαx (7) ein Rost (15) angeordnet, der demjenigen der Station (3,4,5) gleicht und in der Übergabeposition der Transportbox fluchtet. Der Verschieberost (14) ist damit auch in Ruhestellung auf der Transportbox (7) und während des Übergabevorganges ständig schienenartig geführt.In addition to the grate (14), the sliding floor (13) comprises a chassis (16) and a lifting device (17) for the grate arms (54) and a drive (19) for the Displacement movement. In this design, a grate (15) is arranged on the bottom (12) of the transport box (7), which is similar to that of the station (3, 4, 5) and is aligned in the transfer position of the transport box. The sliding grate (14) is thus guided in the rest position on the transport box (7) and during the transfer process continuously rail-like.
Der Antrieb (19) besteht aus einem am Ende der Transportbox (7) angeordneten Motor (19), der über eine Spindel (50) einen Schlitten (20) antreibt. Die Spindel (50) erstreckt sich innerhalb und längs der verbreiterten Mittelnut des Rostes (15). Der Schlitten steht über eine Zapfenfüh rung (21) mit einer Quertraverse am rückwärtigen Ende der Hebevorrichtung (17) in Eingriff. Die Hebevorrichtung (17) verbindet die frei vorkragenden Arme (54) des Verschieberostes (14) an ihrem rückwärtigen Ende miteinander. Die Bewegung des Schlittens (20) wird damit in eine lineare Verschiebebewegung des Rostes (14) umgesetzt. Die Länge des Verschieberostes (14) bstimmt die Größe der verfügbaren AbstelIflache für das Fahrzeug und ist für eine vollständige Übergabe etwas kürzer als die Länge der beiden Roste (15). Der Verschieberost (14) weist ebenfalls einen verbreiterten Zwischenraum in der Mitte auf.The drive (19) consists of a motor (19) which is arranged at the end of the transport box (7) and which drives a carriage (20) via a spindle (50). The spindle (50) extends inside and along the widened central groove of the grate (15). The carriage is engaged by a pin guide (21) with a crossbar at the rear end of the lifting device (17). The lifting device (17) connects the freely projecting arms (54) of the sliding grate (14) to one another at their rear end. The movement of the slide (20) is thus converted into a linear displacement movement of the grate (14). The length of the sliding grate (14) determines the size of the available parking space for the vehicle and is slightly shorter than the length of the two grids (15) for a complete transfer. The sliding grate (14) also has a widened space in the middle.
Unter den U-förmigen Profilen (51) des Verschieberostes (14) sind Laufwerke (16) angeordnet, mit denen die Profile auf dem Boden (11,12) im Freiraum der Roste (15) bei der Verschiebebewegung rollen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 6 und 7 bestehen die Fahrwerke (16) aus einem Gehäuse (49), hier in Form einer Stange, für die einzelnen Laufrollen, das von den Rostprofilen (51) übergriffen wird. Die Gehäuse (49) sind über ein Kniehebelgetriebe (22) einerseits mit einem hydraulischen Zylinder oder einem sonstigen Antrieb der Hebevorrichtung (17) und andererseits über kleine Schwenkhebel mit den Rostprofilen (51) verbunden. Wie Fig. 6 zeigt, sitzen bei entlasteter Hebevorrichtung (17) die Rostprofile (51) auf dem Gehäuse (49) auf, so daß ihre Oberfläche sich unterhalb der Oberfläche der Stationsroste (15) befindet. Wird die Hebevorrichtung (17) gemäß Fig. 7 betätigt, zieht das Kniehebelgetriebe (22) das Gehäuse (49) mit den Laufrollen gegenüber den Rostprofilen (51) nach hinten, wobei durch die Drehbewegung der kleinen Schwenkhebel die Rostprofile (51) über das Niveau des Stationsrostes (15) angehoben werden. Das mit dem Verschieberost (14) verbundene Gehäuse der Hebevorrichtung (17) wird damit ebenfalls angehoben. Die Zapfenführung (21) bleibt in Eingriff, so daß über den Antrieb (19) der Verschieberost (14) wieder auf die Transportbox (7) zurückgeholt werden kann. Das Gehäuse der Hebevorrichtung (17) ist im Bereich der Arme (54) der beiden Roste (15) mit Ausnehmungen versehen, so daß es auch in Absenkstellung über die Roste (15) verfahren kann.Underneath the U-shaped profiles (51) of the sliding grate (14) are drives (16) with which the profiles roll on the floor (11, 12) in the free space of the grids (15) during the sliding movement. In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7, the trolleys (16) consist of a housing (49), here in the form of a rod, for the individual rollers, which is gripped by the grate profiles (51). The housings (49) are connected via a toggle lever mechanism (22) on the one hand to a hydraulic cylinder or another drive of the lifting device (17) and on the other hand via small swivel levers to the grate profiles (51). As shown in Fig. 6, sit with the lifting device (17) unloaded Grate profiles (51) on the housing (49) so that their surface is below the surface of the station grates (15). 7, the toggle lever mechanism (22) pulls the housing (49) with the rollers opposite the grate profiles (51) to the rear, whereby the grate profiles (51) move above the level due to the rotary movement of the small swivel levers the station grate (15) are raised. The housing of the lifting device (17) connected to the sliding grate (14) is thus also raised. The pin guide (21) remains engaged so that the sliding grate (14) can be brought back onto the transport box (7) via the drive (19). The housing of the lifting device (17) is provided with recesses in the area of the arms (54) of the two gratings (15) so that it can also move over the gratings (15) in the lowered position.
Variationen des gezeigten Ausführungsbeispieles sind durch kinematische Umkehr möglich, indem die Hebevorrichtung (17) mit dem Laufwerk (16) starr verbunden ist und auf die Rostprofile (51) einwirkt. In den gezeigten Ausführungsbei spielen fallen die Längsrichtung der Fahrzeuge und die Verschieberichtung bzw. die Längsrichtung der Roste (14,15) zusammen. Die Fahrzeuge können aber auch quer zur Verschiebe- und Rostrichtung angeordnet sein, wodurch die Roste kürzer und breiter werden. Diese Variante kommt mit kürzeren Verschiebewegen aus.Variations of the exemplary embodiment shown are possible through kinematic reversal, in that the lifting device (17) is rigidly connected to the carriage (16) and acts on the grate profiles (51). In the exemplary embodiments shown, the longitudinal direction of the vehicles and the direction of displacement or the longitudinal direction of the grids (14, 15) coincide. However, the vehicles can also be arranged transversely to the direction of displacement and grating, as a result of which the grilles become shorter and wider. This variant manages with shorter displacement distances.
Fig. 8 und 9 zeigen eine Variante hinsichtlich der Fahrwerke (16) und der Hebevorrichtung (17). Die Fahrwerksgruppen, von denen unter jedem Profil (51) je drei (vgl. Fig. 11) angeordnet sind, besitzen ein kastenförmiges Gehäuse (49), das von den U-förmigen Profilen (51) übergriffen wird. An den Enden des Gehäuses (49) sind nach oben offene Winkelmodule angeordnet, in denen toleranzgerecht viereckige Hydraulikzylinder (45) der Hebevorrichtung (17) eingepaßt sind. Außensettig sind zwei Anschlagstife (46) zur Führung und Begrenzung der Hubbewegung vorgesehen. Die Profile (51) sind mit dem äußeren Teil der Hydraulikzylinder (45) an deren Oberseite von außen mit Senkschrauben zur Verminderung der Spreizkräfte an den U-Profilen (51) bei extremer Belastung verschraubt, über die Hydraulikzylinder (45) und die Winkelmodule sind damit auch die Fahrwerke (16) in Längsrichtung gegenüber den Rostprofilen (51) geführt. Zwischem dem Gehäuse (49) und den Rostprofilen (51) erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung Hydraulikleitungen (47) zur Druckversorgung der Zylinder (45) . Die Leitungen (47) sind durch zylindernah angeordnete Abstandsblocke (48) gegen Quetschen geschützt, welche zugleich für eine Verminderung der Vibrationskräfte in Absenklage der Rostprofile (51) sorgen. Bei Betätigung der Hydraulikzylinder (45) wird der Verschieberost (14) angehoben, wobei durch die Vielzahl der Zylinder extreme Hebekräfte aufgebracht werden können. Die Profilroste (51) sind an der Rückseite durch eine8 and 9 show a variant with regard to the trolleys (16) and the lifting device (17). The undercarriage groups, three of which are arranged under each profile (51) (see FIG. 11), have a box-shaped housing (49) which is overlapped by the U-shaped profiles (51). At the ends of the housing (49), upwardly open angle modules are arranged, in which square hydraulic cylinders (45) of the lifting device (17) are fitted in accordance with the tolerance. There are two on the outside Stop pin (46) is provided for guiding and limiting the lifting movement. The profiles (51) are screwed to the outer part of the hydraulic cylinders (45) on the upper side from the outside with countersunk screws to reduce the spreading forces on the U-profiles (51) under extreme loads, via the hydraulic cylinders (45) and the angle modules also the trolleys (16) in the longitudinal direction with respect to the grate profiles (51). Hydraulic lines (47) for supplying pressure to the cylinders (45) extend in the longitudinal direction between the housing (49) and the grate profiles (51). The lines (47) are protected against squeezing by spacer blocks (48) arranged near the cylinder, which at the same time ensure a reduction in the vibration forces in the lowered position of the grate profiles (51). When the hydraulic cylinders (45) are actuated, the sliding grate (14) is raised, whereby extreme lifting forces can be applied due to the large number of cylinders. The profile gratings (51) are on the back by a
Quertraverse verbunden, die zugleich als Schlitten (20) für den Verschiebeantrieb (19) dient (vgl. Fig. 11). Der Schlitten (20) steht hierzu in Eingriff mit einer Spindel (50). Der Schlitten (20) beherbergt auch die zentrale Hydraulikversorgung und Verteilung für die einzelnen Zylinder (45). Fig. 10 verdeutlicht die vorbeschriebene Anordnung in Stirnansicht, während Fig. 11 und 12 Draufsichten in Ruhe- und in Arbeitsstellung bieten.Crossbar connected, which also serves as a slide (20) for the displacement drive (19) (see. Fig. 11). For this purpose, the slide (20) is in engagement with a spindle (50). The carriage (20) also houses the central hydraulic supply and distribution for the individual cylinders (45). Fig. 10 illustrates the above arrangement in front view, while Figs. 11 and 12 offer top views in the rest and working positions.
Fig. 14-22 verdeutlichen eine weitere Variante der Übergabevorrichtung (6). Der Stationsrost (15) ist hierbei mit Abstand auf einer zentralen Schiene oberhalb des Stationsbodens (11) angeordnet. Sie besitzen einen in Verschieberichtung sich erstreckenden Mittelsteg (53) und davon seitlich wegragende Arme (54), die gemäß Fig. 22 auch gebogen oder abgewinkelt sein können. In der Transportbox (7) ist in den gezeigten Ausführungsbeispielen kein Rost vorgesehen, er kann zur Entlastung des Verschiebebodens aber auch noch zusätzlich angeordnet werden.14-22 illustrate a further variant of the transfer device (6). The station grate (15) is arranged at a distance on a central rail above the station floor (11). They have a central web (53) extending in the direction of displacement and arms (54) projecting laterally therefrom, which can also be bent or angled according to FIG. 22. In the exemplary embodiments shown, no grate is provided in the transport box (7); it can relieve the sliding floor but can also be arranged in addition.
Der Verschiebeboden (13) beinhaltet einen Portalrahmen (24), der über Laufwerke (16) auf seitlich distanzierten und fluchtenden Schienen (18) in den Stationen (3,4,5) und in der Transportbox (7) rollt. Die Schienen (18) sind nur zur besseren Übersichtlichkeit axial distanziert in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Die Transportbox (7) weist einen umgreifenden, kastenförmigen Boxrahmen (23) auf, an dessen Oberseite der Antrieb (19) für die Verschiebebewegung und gegebrenenfalls zusätzliche Führung des Portalrahmens (24) sitzt. Die Antriebe (19) sind hier doppelt vorhanden und gestatten eine Verschiebebewegung des Portalrahmens (24) nach beiden Seiten (vgl. Fig. 26). Im Portalrahmen (24) ist in den Eckständern eine Hebevorrichtung (17) in Form eines Kettenaufzuges oder dgl. untergebracht, an deren Enden Längstraversen für den Verschieberost (14) befestigt sind. Wie Fig. 14 in Draufsicht verdeutlicht, ragen hier die Rostarme (54) von außen nach innen und lassen zwischen sich einen Raum für den Mittelsteg (53) des Stationsrostes (15) frei.The sliding floor (13) contains a portal frame (24) that rolls over drives (16) on laterally spaced and aligned rails (18) in the stations (3, 4, 5) and in the transport box (7). The rails (18) are shown axially distanced in the drawings only for clarity. The transport box (7) has an encompassing, box-shaped box frame (23), on the top of which the drive (19) for the displacement movement and, if necessary, additional guidance of the portal frame (24) is seated. The drives (19) are duplicated here and allow the portal frame (24) to be moved to both sides (cf. FIG. 26). A lifting device (17) in the form of a chain hoist or the like is accommodated in the gantry frame (24) in the corner stands, at the ends of which longitudinal beams for the sliding grate (14) are attached. As illustrated in FIG. 14 in plan view, the grate arms (54) protrude from the outside inwards and leave a space between them for the central web (53) of the station grate (15).
In dieser Ausführungsform sind die Roste in Verschieberichtung undurchlässig und nur an den beiden Längsseiten offen, um ein Passieren in Verikalrichtung zu ermöglichen. Wie Fig. 16-19 verdeutlichen, wird zum Abholen eines Fahrzeuges aus einer Station (3,4,5) der Verschieberost (14) unter den Stationsrost (15) abgesenkt und kann diesen dann in Längsrichtung zwischen Boden (11) und Rost (15) passieren. Zum Aufladen wird mit der Hebevorrichtung (17) der Verschieberost (14) unter Mitnahme des Fahrzeuges in die in Fig. 20 und 21 gezeigte Position angehoben und verfährt bei der rückwärtigen Verschiebebewegung mit Abstand oberhalb des Stationsrostes (15). Sofern in der Transportbox (7) ein Stationsrost angeordnet ist, kann das Fahrzeug auf diesen abgesenkt werden. Die Übergabevorrichtung (6) verfrachtet das Fahrzeug im Stand, wozu es auch keiner exakten Positionierung in der Einfahrstation (4) bedarf. Das Fahrzeug kann beim Transport weder kippen noch rollen oder sich in sonstiger Weise bewegen. Die Teilung der Roste (14,15) in den gezeigten Beispielen 3-12 ist so getroffen, daß stets eine sichere Auflage der Fahrzeugräder beim Passieren und der Übergabe von einem Rost zum anderen gewährleistet ist. Bei quer zur Fah rzeuglängsri chtung gerichteten Rostarmen gemäß den Beispielen von Fig. 14-22 sind die Abstände ohnehin unkritischer.In this embodiment, the grids are impermeable in the direction of displacement and are only open on the two long sides in order to allow passage in the vertical direction. As shown in Fig. 16-19, to pick up a vehicle from a station (3,4,5) the sliding grate (14) is lowered under the station grate (15) and this can then be moved in the longitudinal direction between the floor (11) and grate (15 ) happen. For loading, the sliding grate (14) is lifted into the position shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 with the lifting device (17) and moves at a distance above the station grate (15) during the rearward sliding movement. If a station grate is arranged in the transport box (7), the vehicle can be lowered onto it. The transfer device (6) loads the vehicle in a stationary state, for which purpose no exact positioning in the entry station (4) is required. The vehicle can neither tip nor roll or move in any other way during transport. The division of the grids (14, 15) in the examples 3-12 shown is such that a secure support of the vehicle wheels when passing and transferring from one grate to another is always guaranteed. In the case of grate arms oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle according to the examples from FIGS. 14-22, the distances are anyway less critical.
Fig. 23 zeigt eine Parkeinheit (1) in Frontansicht mit Ein- und/oder Ausfahrstationen (4,5), die die gleiche Breite und Länge wie eine doppelständige Abstellstation (3) aufweisen. Die Stationen (3,4,5) bilden damit Module, die in e i n em Ba u k a s t en s y s t em m i t e i ne r ge e i gn e t en T ra n s po rtvo r r i c htung beliebig zusammengesetzt werden können. Fig. 24 zeigt diese Anordnung in Draufsicht für eine einreihige Parkeirrheit (1), während Fig. 26 eine doppelreihige Parkeinheit (1) mit beidseitig arbeitender Übergabevorrichtung (6) (vgl. Fig. 14-22) zeigt. Durch das große Platzangebot in den Ein- und Ausfahrtstationen (4,5) bereitet es selbst unerfahrenen Fahrzeuglenkern keine Mühe, das Fahrzeug in irgendeiner Stellung auf die der Rostgröße entsprechende AbstelIflache in der Einfahrstation (4) zu bringen, über beidseits angeordnete Fußwege können die Insassen bequem aussteigen und die Station verlassen. In gleicher Weise ist auch die Ausfahrstatiαn (5) aufgebaut. Die Stationen (4,5) können beliebig zum Abgeben oder Abholen von Fahrzeugen benutzt werden, wodurch die Stationen stets bedarfsgerecht in vollem Umfang nutzbar sind.23 shows a front view of a parking unit (1) with entry and / or exit stations (4, 5), which have the same width and length as a double parking station (3). The stations (3, 4, 5) thus form modules that can be put together in any way in a Ba u k a t en s y s t em m i t e i n r ge e i gn e t en T ra n s po rt device. FIG. 24 shows this arrangement in plan view for a single-row parking system (1), while FIG. 26 shows a double-row parking unit (1) with a transfer device (6) working on both sides (cf. FIGS. 14-22). Due to the large amount of space in the entry and exit stations (4,5), even inexperienced drivers do not have any trouble getting the vehicle in any position to the parking space corresponding to the grate size in the entry station (4) Get out comfortably and leave the station. The Ausfahrstatiαn (5) is constructed in the same way. The stations (4, 5) can be used as desired for delivering or picking up vehicles, which means that the stations can always be used to their full extent as required.
Die Stationen (3,4,5) und die Transportvorrichtung (2) mit der Übergabevorrichtung (6) können in einem ortsfesten Parkhaus untergebracht werden oder können auch als Stahlkonstruktion in Modulbauweise ausgeführt werden. Derartige Parkeinheiten (1) gemäß Fig. 23-26 können in beliebiger Weise nach der Seite oder in der Höhe erweitert werden und gestatten auch eine Volumenvergrößerung durch Übergang von einer einfachen auf eine doppelte Reihenanordnung gemäß Fig. 26. Der Zylinderturm gemäß Fig. (1,2) und (27,28) kann ebenfalls durch Aufstocken in der Höhe vergrößert werden.The stations (3, 4, 5) and the transport device (2) with the transfer device (6) can be accommodated in a stationary parking garage or can also be used as Steel construction in modular construction. Such parking units (1) according to FIGS. 23-26 can be extended in any way to the side or in height and also allow an increase in volume by changing from a simple to a double row arrangement according to FIG. 26. The cylinder tower according to FIG. (1 , 2) and (27,28) can also be increased in height by increasing the height.
Die Steuerung der Parkeinheiten (1) mit den verschiedenen Bestandteilen erfolgt durch einen zentralen Rechner, der die Abstellstationen (3) verwaltet und die Transportvorrichtung (2) mit den Transportboxen (7) entsprechend dirigiert.The parking units (1) with the various components are controlled by a central computer which manages the parking stations (3) and directs the transport device (2) with the transport boxes (7) accordingly.
Die Fördervorrichtung (8) der Parkeinheit (1) von Fig. 1 und 2 besteht aus einem turmartigen Gerüst (9), das abgesenkt im Boden auf einem Lagerkranz (25) drehbar gelagert und von einem Antrieb (26) in Rotation versetzt wird. Im Gerüst (9) sind vier gleichmäßig im Kreuz verteilte Hubvorrichtungen oder Lifts (10) angeordnet, die doppelstöckige Transportboxen (7) auf und ab bewegen. Jede Transportbox (7) verfügt hierbei über eine eigene Übergabevorrichtung (6), so daß insgesamt 8 Fahrzeuge gleichzeitig übergeben oder übernommen werden können. Die Anlage ist auch bei Ausfall einzelner Bestandteile immer noch betriebsbereit. Sie bietet eine optimale Zugriffsgeschwindigkeit, da Hub- und Drehbewegungen der Transportvorrichtung (2) zeitlich überlagert werden können. Im Erdgeschoß sind je nach Verkehrsaufkommen und gewünschter Zugriffszeit eine kleinere oder größere Zahl von Ein- und Ausfahrstationen (4,5) angeordnet. Diese können für Ein- oder Ausfahrt definiert oder beliebig ansprechbar sein. Eine Schranke begrenzt die Einfahrt und gibt das Fahrzeug erst frei, wenn auch tatsächlich eine Transportbox zur Übernahme bereitsteht. Die doppelstöckigen Transportboxen (7) werden in zwei Schritten be- und entladen, wobei die Box zwischendrin gesenkt oder gehoben wird. In Abwandlung der gezeigten Form ist es auch möglich, die Ein- und Ausfahrtstationen (4,5) entsprechend den Transportboxen (7) doppel- oder sogar mehrstöckig vorzusehen und damit alle Transportboxen (7) gleichzeitig zu beladen. Im nachfolgenden Transportzyklus dreht das Gerüst (9), wobei die Transportboxen (7) gleichzeitig in die gewünschte Höhe gezogen werden. Eine computergestützte und optimierte Verwaltung gestattet in einem einzigen Zyklus, eine Be- oder Entladung aller Transportboxen (7) an den Abstellstationen (3) und im nächsten Zyklus eine komplette Übergabe an den Ein- und Ausfahrstationen (4,5).The conveying device (8) of the parking unit (1) of FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a tower-like scaffold (9) which is rotatably supported in the ground on a bearing ring (25) and is rotated by a drive (26). In the scaffold (9), four lifting devices or lifts (10), which are evenly distributed in a cross, are arranged, which move the two-tier transport boxes (7) up and down. Each transport box (7) has its own transfer device (6) so that a total of 8 vehicles can be transferred or taken over simultaneously. The system is still ready for operation even if individual components fail. It offers an optimal access speed, since the lifting and rotating movements of the transport device (2) can be superimposed over time. Depending on the traffic volume and the desired access time, a smaller or larger number of entry and exit stations (4,5) are arranged on the ground floor. These can be defined for entry or exit or can be addressed as desired. A barrier limits the entrance and only releases the vehicle when a transport box is actually ready to be picked up. The two-tier transport boxes (7) are loaded in two steps unload, with the box being lowered or raised in between. In a modification of the form shown, it is also possible to provide the entry and exit stations (4, 5) in accordance with the transport boxes (7) on two or even more floors and thus to load all the transport boxes (7) at the same time. In the subsequent transport cycle, the scaffold (9) rotates, the transport boxes (7) being pulled to the desired height at the same time. A computer-aided and optimized administration allows all transport boxes (7) to be loaded or unloaded at the parking stations (3) in a single cycle and a complete transfer to the entry and exit stations (4, 5) in the next cycle.
Die Ausführungsformen der Fig. 23-26 unterscheiden sich von der vorbeschriebenen im wesentlichen durch ihre lineare Anordnung, bei der das Gerüst (9) aus einem oder mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten Türmen besteht, die getrennt oder miteinander über Laufkatzen (25) längs der Stationenreihe verfahren werden. Die Fördervorrichtung (8) kann auch aus einem Scheren-Hubgerät bestehen, was vor allem für übereinander angeordnete Einzelmodule sinnvoll und wirtschaftlich ist.The embodiments of FIGS. 23-26 differ from the one described above essentially by their linear arrangement, in which the scaffold (9) consists of one or more towers arranged next to one another, which are moved separately or with one another via trolleys (25) along the row of stations . The conveyor device (8) can also consist of a scissor lifting device, which is particularly useful and economical for individual modules arranged one above the other.
Im Beispiel der Fig. 27 und 28 besteht das Gerüst (9) aus einer zentralen hohlen Mittelsäule (27), die über einen hydraulischen oder sonstigen Antrieb (26) in Drehung versetzt wird. Die Hubeinrichtung hat hier die Gestalt einer Laufbüchse (28), an der vier Transportboxen (7) in Form von Plattformen befestigt und dabei um ein Viertel der Spiralhöhe eines 360 Segmentes gegeneinander versetzt sind. Die Transportboxen (7) sind durch Stützstreben miteinander verbunden (vgl. Fig. 38). Die Mittelsäule (27) und die Laufbüchse (28) sind im Querschnitt rechteckig oder qudratisch, wobei die Laufbüchse (28) über Rollenlager (29) an der Mittelsäule (27) längsbewegli ch gelagert und drehschlüssig geführt ist. Die Transportboxen (7) besitzen an ihren freien Enden Laufwerke (39), mit denen sie auf einer spiralförmigen Laufschiene (37) abgestützt sind. Mit einer Drehbewegung der Mittelsäule (27) werden damit dieIn the example of FIGS. 27 and 28, the frame (9) consists of a central hollow center column (27) which is set in rotation by means of a hydraulic or other drive (26). The lifting device here has the shape of a liner (28) to which four transport boxes (7) are attached in the form of platforms and are offset from one another by a quarter of the spiral height of a 360 segment. The transport boxes (7) are connected to one another by support struts (cf. FIG. 38). The center pillar (27) and the liner (28) are rectangular or square in cross section, the liner (28) via roller bearings (29) on the center pillar (27) longitudinally movably supported and rotatably guided. The free ends of the transport boxes (7) have drives (39) with which they can be opened a spiral track (37) are supported. With a rotary movement of the center column (27)
Laufbüchse (28) und ihre Transportboxen (7) in einerLiner (28) and their transport boxes (7) in one
Schraubenlinie auf- oder abwärts bewegt. DieScrew line moved up or down. The
Ablagestationen (3) sind entlang der Schraubenlinie inStorage stations (3) are along the helical line in
Stufen nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei nach 360 die nächste Etagenhöhe erreicht ist.Steps arranged side by side, the next floor height being reached after 360.
In Fig. 29-31 sind die in Modulbauweise erstellten Abstellstationen (3) dargestelt. Zwischen äußeren, in einem Ring (vgl. Fig. 27 und 28) angeordneten vertikalen StützenThe parking stations (3) constructed in modular construction are shown in FIGS. 29-31. Between outer vertical supports arranged in a ring (see FIGS. 27 and 28)
(32) sind Querstreben (35) befestigt. In gleicher Weise sind die in einem inneren Ring angeordneten inneren Stützen(32) cross struts (35) are attached. In the same way are the inner supports arranged in an inner ring
(33) untereinander verbunden. In Radialrichtung erfolgt eine Aussteifung durch diagonale Streben (34) zwischen benachbarten Stützen (32,33). Auf den Querstreben (35) ruht der Boden (11) mit dem Stationsrost (15). Er ragt innenseitig etwas über die Stützen (33) vor und ist am Ende auf radialen Stützflanschen (36) gelagert. Letztere tragen auch die Spiral-Laufschiene (37), die schräg zu den horizontal ausgerichteten Stationsrosten (15) (Fig. 31) verläuft. Wie Fig. 38 verdeutlicht, sind zu einem paßgenauen Anschluß die Enden der Roste (14,15) entsprechend der Laufschiene (37) abgerundet.(33) interconnected. In the radial direction, diagonal struts (34) brace between adjacent supports (32, 33). The floor (11) with the station grate (15) rests on the cross struts (35). On the inside, it protrudes somewhat above the supports (33) and is supported on radial support flanges (36) at the end. The latter also carry the spiral track (37), which runs obliquely to the horizontally oriented station grates (15) (Fig. 31). As illustrated in FIG. 38, the ends of the grids (14, 15) are rounded off in accordance with the running rail (37) to form a precisely fitting connection.
Die gezeigte Stahlkonstruktion in Modulbauweise der Stationen (3,4,5) gestattet eine beliebige Aufstockung der Parkeinheit (1). Die Mittelsäule (27) ist dementsprechend mehrteilig gestaltet. Der in Fig. 32 gezeigte obere Teil besitzt Ausleger (38), über die Hydraulik-, Stromversorgungs- und Signalleitungen (30) in einer Schlaufe den Transportboxen (7) mit ihren übergabevorrichtungen (6) zugeführt werden. Die Strom- und Hydraulikleitungen (30) werden vom Boden außen entlang der Mittelsäule (27) nach oben geführt und im Bereich der Laufbüchse (28) von den entsprechend ausgesparten Rollenlagern (29) umgriffen. Die empfindlichen Signalleitungen (30) werden durch das Innere der Säule (27) geführt und erst am Kopf über die Ausleger (38) nach außen geleitet. Der in Fig. 35 gezeigte untere Teil der Säule (27) ist mit einem Zahnkranz zur Verbindung mit dem AntriebThe steel construction shown in modular construction of the stations (3, 4, 5) allows the parking unit (1) to be increased as desired. The center column (27) is accordingly designed in several parts. The upper part shown in FIG. 32 has cantilevers (38), via which hydraulic, power supply and signal lines (30) are fed in a loop to the transport boxes (7) with their transfer devices (6). The power and hydraulic lines (30) are led upwards from the outside along the center column (27) and encompassed in the area of the liner (28) by the correspondingly recessed roller bearings (29). The sensitive Signal lines (30) are routed through the interior of the column (27) and only passed outwards at the head via the brackets (38). The lower part of the column (27) shown in FIG. 35 has a ring gear for connection to the drive
(26) versehen. Die außenseitigen Leitungen (30) werden durch eine Ringkupplung (31) ins Innere der Mittelsäule(26) provided. The outside lines (30) are through a ring coupling (31) inside the center column
(27) und über elastische Leitungsstücke zu einer ortsfesten Speisestelle geführt. Zur Einstellung beliebiger(27) and led to a fixed dining point via elastic pipe sections. For setting any
Säulenlängen sind gemäß Fig. 34 Mittelstücke vorgesehen, di e mit den anderen Säulenteilen über eine Steckverbindung gekoppelt werden können. Für die Leitungen (30) können entsprechende Kupplungen vorgesehen sein.According to FIG. 34, column lengths are provided, which can be coupled to the other column parts via a plug connection. Corresponding couplings can be provided for the lines (30).
Fig. 39-41 verdeutlichen das Fahrwerk (39), mit dem die Transportboxen (7) auf der Laufschiene (37) geführt sind. Das Laufwerk (39) umfaßt zwei formschlüssig die Schiene (37) umgreifende Laufrollen (40), die an einer im Querschnitt C-förmigen und entsprechend der Laufschiene (37) gebogenen Verbindungsstange. (41) gelagert sind. Die Verbindungsstange (41) ist ihrerseits über einen vertikalen, mit einer Druckfeder eingespannten Königszapfen (42) am C-Flansch einer Lagerstange (44) befestigt. Die Lagerstange (44) ist längsverschieblich und drehbar in einer Führungshύlse (43) gelagert, die mittig am Boden (12) der Transportboxen (7) angeflanscht ist. Das Fahrwerk (39) stellt damit eine 4-Wege-Aufhängung dar, die durch die Drehung und Verschiebung der Lagerstange (44), den federbelasteten Höhenversatz der Verbiridungsstange (41) am Königszapfen (42) sowie in der Drehbewegung um den Königszapfen (42) mehrere Freiheitsgrade aufweist. Hiermit können Unregelmäßigkeiten in der Schraubenbahn der Laufschiene (37) ausgeglichen werden, die durch konstruktive Toleranzen, Verschmutzung, Windbelastung, Temperaturschwankungen oder dgl. hervorgerufen werden. StücklisteFig. 39-41 illustrate the undercarriage (39) with which the transport boxes (7) are guided on the running rail (37). The carriage (39) comprises two form-fitting rollers (40) which surround the rail (37) and which are connected to a connecting rod which is C-shaped in cross-section and bent in accordance with the rail (37). (41) are stored. The connecting rod (41) is in turn attached to the C-flange of a bearing rod (44) via a vertical king pin (42) clamped with a compression spring. The bearing rod (44) is mounted in a longitudinally displaceable and rotatable manner in a guide sleeve (43) which is flanged to the center of the bottom (12) of the transport boxes (7). The undercarriage (39) thus represents a 4-way suspension which, due to the rotation and displacement of the bearing rod (44), the spring-loaded height offset of the connecting rod (41) on the kingpin (42) and in the rotational movement around the kingpin (42) has several degrees of freedom. With this, irregularities in the screw path of the running rail (37) can be compensated for, which are caused by design tolerances, contamination, wind loads, temperature fluctuations or the like. parts list
1 Lagereinrichtung, Parkeinrichtung 2 Transportvorrichtung 3 AbstelIstation 4 Einfahrstation 5 Ausfahrstation 6 Übergabevorrichtung 7 Transportbox, Plattform 8 Fördereinrichtung 9 Gerüst 10 Hubeinrichtung, Lift 11 Boden von Stationen 12 Boden von Transportbox 13 Verschiebeboden 14 Verschieberost, Tragfläche 15 Stationsrost, Lagerfläche 16 Laufwerk 17 Hebevorrichtung 18 Schiene 19 Antrieb 20 Schlitten 21 Zapfenführung 22 Kniehebelgetriebe 23 Rahmen, Box 24 Portalrahmen 25 Laufwerk 26 Antrieb 27 Mittelsäule 28 Laufbüchse 29 Rollenlager 30 Leitungen 31 Kupplung 32 Stütze, außen 33 Stütze, innen 34 Strebe, diagonal 35 Strebe, quer 36 Stützflansch 37 Laufschiene 38 Ausleger 39 Laufwerk 40 Laufrolle 41 Verbindungsstange 42 Konigszapfen 43 Führungsbüchse 44 Lagerstange 45 Hydraulischer Zylinder 46 Anschlagstange 47 Hydraulikleitung 48 Abstandsblock 49 Gehäuse 50 Spindel 51 Rostprofil, U-Profil 52 Rostprofil, Kastenprofil 53 Mittelsteg 54 Arm, Rostarm 1 storage facility, parking facility 2 transport device 3 parking station 4 entry station 5 exit station 6 transfer device 7 transport box, platform 8 conveyor device 9 scaffolding 10 lifting device, lift 11 floor of stations 12 floor of transport box 13 sliding floor 14 sliding grate, wing 15 station grate, storage area 16 drive 17 lifting device 18 rail 19 Drive 20 Slide 21 Pin guide 22 Toggle mechanism 23 Frame, box 24 Portal frame 25 Drive 26 Drive 27 Center column 28 Liner 29 Roller bearing 30 Lines 31 Coupling 32 Support, outside 33 Support, inside 34 Brace, diagonal 35 strut, transverse 36 support flange 37 running rail 38 bracket 39 running gear 40 roller 41 connecting rod 42 king pin 43 guide bush 44 bearing rod 45 hydraulic cylinder 46 stop rod 47 hydraulic line 48 spacer block 49 housing 50 spindle 51 rust profile, U profile 52 rust profile, box profile 53 center bar 54 arm, Low rust

Claims

.PATENTANSPRÜCHE .PATENT CLAIMS
1.) Verfahren zum Ein- und Ausparken von Fahrzeugen in1.) Procedure for parking and parking vehicles in
Parkeinrichtungen, wobei die Fahrzeuge zwischen Ein- und Ausfahrstationen sowie Abstellstationen über eine Transportvorrichtung vefrachtet und dann übergeben werden, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß zur wechselweisen Übergabe zwischen den Stationen und der Transportvorrichtung das Fahrzeug ohne zu rollen Untergriffen und übergehobenen wird.Parking facilities, whereby the vehicles are loaded and then handed over between entry and exit stations and parking stations via a transport device, thereby ensuring that the vehicle is transferred without alternating between the stations and the transport device, without having to roll underhands and being lifted.
2.) Lagereinrichtung, insbesondere Parkeinrichtung für Fahrzeuge mit mehreren Abstell-, Ein- und Ausfahrstationen, einer Transportvorrichtung und einer Übergabevorrichtung, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die2.) Storage facility, in particular parking facility for vehicles with several parking, entry and exit stations, a transport device and a transfer device, e g e n e z e i c h n e t that the
Übergabevorrichtung (6) einen Verschiebeboden (13) mit einer profilierten Tragfläche (14) für die Fahrzeuge und im Gegenprofil gestaltete, untereinander gleiche Lagerflächen (15) in den Stationen (3,4,5) aufweist, wobei die Tragfläche (14) über und unter den Lagerflächen (15) der Stationen (3,4,5) verfahrbar sowie durch diese hindurch heb- und senkbar ist.Transfer device (6) has a sliding floor (13) with a profiled wing (14) for the vehicles and counter-shaped, mutually identical bearing surfaces (15) in the stations (3,4,5), the wing (14) above and can be moved under the bearing surfaces (15) of the stations (3, 4, 5) and can be raised and lowered through them.
3.) Lagere inrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Tragfläche (14) und die Lagerflächen (15) als mehrarmige Roste ausgebildet sind, die zumindest nach einer Seite offen sind.3.) Bearing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting surface (14) and the bearing surfaces (15) are designed as multi-arm grids which are open at least on one side.
4.) Lagere inrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Roste (14,15) parallel und längs der Verschieberichtung sowie mit gegenseitigem Abstand angeordnete Arme (54) aus Kasten- oder U-Profilen (52) aufweisen. 4.) Bearing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the gratings (14, 15) have arms (54) made of box or U profiles (52) arranged parallel and along the direction of displacement and at a mutual spacing.
5.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Stationsroste (15) mit Abstand über dem Stationsboden (11) angeordnet sind und in Verschieberichtung einen Mittelsteg (53) mit seitlich nach außen frei wegragenden Armen (54) aufweisen, wobei der Versehieberost (14) einwärts ragende Arme besitzt.5.) Storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that the station grates (15) are arranged at a distance above the station floor (11) and in the direction of displacement have a central web (53) with laterally outwardly projecting arms (54), the accident rust (14) has inwardly projecting arms.
6.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, 4 oder 5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die6.) Storage device according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the
Transportvorrichtung (2) mindestens eine Transportbox (7) mit einem Stationsrost (15) aufweist.Transport device (2) has at least one transport box (7) with a station grate (15).
7.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, 4 und 6, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß unter den Armen (54) des Versehieberostes (14) mindestens ein Fahrwerk (16) mit einem stationären, vorzugsweise der Transportbox (7) zugeordneten Antrieb (19) und eine Hebevorrichtung (17) angeordαet sind.7.) Storage device according to claim 3, 4 and 6, characterized in that under the arms (54) of the Versehieberosteses (14) at least one chassis (16) with a stationary, preferably the transport box (7) associated drive (19) and one Lifting device (17) are arranged.
8.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Hebevorrichtung (17) ein Kniehebelgetriebe (22) aufweist.8.) Bearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lifting device (17) has a toggle mechanism (22).
9.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 3 und 5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Verschiebeboden (13) einen in der Transportbox (7) verfahrbar (16,19) gelagerten PortaIrahmen (24) mit einer beidseitigen Hebevorrichtung (17) besitzt, an der die Rostarme (54) angeordnet sind.9.) Storage device according to claim 3 and 5, characterized in that the sliding floor (13) has a movable in the transport box (7) (16,19) mounted PortaIrahmen (24) with a lifting device (17) on both sides, on which the grate arms (54) are arranged.
10.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der folgenden,, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Transportvorrichtung (2) aus einer dreh- oder verfahrbaren sowie heb- und senkbaren Fördereinrichtung (8) für ein oder mehrere, gegebenenfalls mehrstöckige Transportboxen (7) besteht, wobei jeder Transportbox (7) eine Übergabevorrichtung (6) zugeordnet ist.10.) Storage device according to claim 2 or one of the following ,, characterized in that the transport device (2) from a rotatable or movable and lifting and lowering conveyor (8) for one or more, possibly multi-storey transport boxes (7) there is a transfer device (6) assigned to each transport box (7).
11.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Fördereinrichtung (8) ein dreh- oder längs verfahrbares Gerüst (9) aufweist, in dem ein oder mehrere Lifts (10) mit Transportboxen (7) angeordnet sind.11.) Storage device according to claim 10, characterized in that the conveying device (8) has a rotatable or longitudinally movable frame (9) in which one or more lifts (10) with transport boxes (7) are arranged.
12.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Stationen (3,4,5) in einer vertikal steigenden Spirale rund um die Fördereinrichtung (8) angeordnet sind, die eine rotatorisch angetriebene Mittelsäule (27) aufweist, an der eine Laufbüchse (28) mit ein oder mehreren12.) Bearing device according to claim 10, characterized in that the stations (3,4,5) are arranged in a vertically rising spiral around the conveyor (8) which has a rotationally driven center column (27) on which a liner (28) with one or more
Transportboxen (7) drehschlüssig und axial beweglich geführt ist, wobei die radial angeordneten Transportboxen (7) außenseitig an einer Spiral-Laufschiene (37) mit einem Laufwerk (39) abgestützt und geführt sind.Transport boxes (7) is guided in a rotationally locking and axially movable manner, the radially arranged transport boxes (7) being supported and guided on the outside on a spiral running rail (37) with a running gear (39).
13.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Laufwerk (16) über einen federbelasteten, vertikalen Königszapfen (42) mit einer Lagerstange (44) verbunden ist, die ihrerseits längsbeweglich und drehbar in einer Führungsbüchse (43) am Boden (12) der Transportbox (7) gelagert ist.13.) Bearing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive (16) via a spring-loaded, vertical kingpin (42) is connected to a bearing rod (44) which in turn is longitudinally movable and rotatable in a guide bush (43) on the floor (12 ) the transport box (7) is stored.
14.) Lagereinrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder einem der folgenden dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Vorrichtungen (2,6,7) und Stationen (3,4,5) aus Modulen bestehen. 14.) Storage device according to claim 2 or one of the following g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the devices (2,6,7) and stations (3,4,5) consist of modules.
EP87905742A 1986-08-22 1987-08-22 Storage system, in particular a parking system Expired - Lifetime EP0309487B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87905742T ATE60396T1 (en) 1986-08-22 1987-08-22 STORAGE FACILITY, IN PARTICULAR PARKING FACILITY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB868620486A GB8620486D0 (en) 1986-08-22 1986-08-22 Car park unit
GB8620486 1986-08-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0309487A1 true EP0309487A1 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0309487B1 EP0309487B1 (en) 1991-01-23

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EP87905742A Expired - Lifetime EP0309487B1 (en) 1986-08-22 1987-08-22 Storage system, in particular a parking system

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US (1) US4976580A (en)
EP (1) EP0309487B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2519281B2 (en)
AU (1) AU619726B2 (en)
GB (1) GB8620486D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1988001331A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988001331A1 (en) 1988-02-25
GB8620486D0 (en) 1986-10-01
US4976580A (en) 1990-12-11
AU619726B2 (en) 1992-02-06
JPH01503793A (en) 1989-12-21
EP0309487B1 (en) 1991-01-23
JP2519281B2 (en) 1996-07-31
AU7879087A (en) 1988-03-08

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