EP0308313A1 - Housing structure, such as a cabin - Google Patents

Housing structure, such as a cabin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0308313A1
EP0308313A1 EP88402295A EP88402295A EP0308313A1 EP 0308313 A1 EP0308313 A1 EP 0308313A1 EP 88402295 A EP88402295 A EP 88402295A EP 88402295 A EP88402295 A EP 88402295A EP 0308313 A1 EP0308313 A1 EP 0308313A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
beams
structure according
trusses
panels
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88402295A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimir Ouroussoff
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0308313A1 publication Critical patent/EP0308313A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid
    • E04B2001/0069—Prismatic shaped buildings with substantially triangular vertical cross-section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2472—Elongated load-supporting part formed from a number of parallel profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a residential structure such as a gîte, a house, a building or the like.
  • the invention aims to create an economical construction shelter, a structure that minimizes material losses and the manpower of manufacturing and assembly while being sheltered from earthquakes. , hurricanes, floods, rodents and vermin.
  • the residential structure according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of a metal frame comprising a horizontal row or series of triangular trusses, preferably equilateral vertical trusses of the same size, placed on two parallel horizontal beams and longitudinally spaced preferably uniformly and interconnected by a ridge beam.
  • each truss is made up of three beams, two neighboring parallel beams respectively having two mutually opposite longitudinal grooves, serving as slides for inserting therein, by sliding, covering panels, in particular thermally insulating.
  • the beams of each truss are produced from profiles assembled either by welding, or by bolting angle gussets.
  • the two parallel horizontal beams are supported respectively by two pairs of pilings.
  • the beams forming the sides of the trusses are each made in two parts assembled in extension of one another by bolting two connection plates respectively secured to two ends of the two parts of beams .
  • a heel structure consisting of a metal frame 1 comprising a row or horizontal series of triangular trusses 2 preferably equilateral vertical of the same size and, in this case, the number of eleven with nine trusses arranged between two gable trusses.
  • the trusses 2 longitudinally spaced preferably uniformly, are interconnected by an ridge beam S and are placed on two parallel horizontal beams 4 supported respectively by two pairs of pilings 5.
  • Each truss 2 is made up of three profiled beams 2a-2c assembled by bolting angle gussets 6, the beams 2a and 2b defining the slope of the roof also serving as walls of the gite while the beam 2c, placed on the two beams 4 transversely to these, serves to support the floor of the gîte.
  • Each beam of the two gable farms has a U-shaped profile while the beams of the other farms each have an IPE profile resulting in fact from the back-to-back welding of two U-shaped profiles.
  • the lower horizontal beams 2c insofar as they serve to constitute the floor, are larger than the beams 2a and 2b.
  • the two beams 4 are each T-shaped.
  • Each beam 2c is fixed to the two beams 4 using respectively two bolts 7, the threaded rod of which is welded to an inner external face of a wing of the U-shaped profile 2c. of each gable truss or on the inner external face of a wing of the IPE profile of the other trusses, crosses a corresponding orifice made through a wing of the beam 4 T-profile.
  • the assembly of the beams 4 on each of the pilings 5 is carried out by introducing the part forming a foot 4a of the T-shaped section in a longitudinal groove 8 formed at the top of each piling 5, the depth of each groove 8 being substantially equal to the height of the foot 4a.
  • a bolt 9 passing through the upper part of each piling 5 and a corresponding orifice made through the leg 4a of each T-shaped section 4 secures the beams 4 to the piling 5.
  • the assembly of the beam 2a to the beam 2c or of the beam 2b to the beam 2c is carried out using two angle gussets 6a, 6b, the gusset 6a being secured by welding the upper face of a wing of the beam 2c while the gusset 6b is secured by welding of the internal face of a wing of the beam 2a.
  • Each gusset 6a and 6b is thus secured respectively to the beams 2c and 2a so that in the assembly position of these, they are arranged side by side and assembled against one another using bolts 10 passing through the two gussets 6a, 6b.
  • the assembly between them of beams 2a, 2b forming the top of the heel is carried out using angle gussets 6c, each secured between the web-forming parts of two adjacent beams 2a, 2b by means of the beam ridge 3. More precisely, the ridge beam 3 is produced from of two adjacent metal plates 3a, 3b defining an acute angle and integral with one another by a continuous weld 11 made along the top of the ridge beam thus defined.
  • the plates 3a, 3b of the beam 3 are fixed respectively against the successive internal wings of the beams 2a and 2b by means of bolts 12, each threaded rod of which is secured by welding of each of the internal faces of the wings of the beams 2a and 2b and passes through a corresponding orifice of each of the plates 3a, 3b.
  • the corner gussets 6c are welded by their two adjacent sides defining their vertices between the plates 3a, 3b of the beam 3.
  • two neighboring beams 2a or 2b respectively of two neighboring farms respectively have two longitudinal grooves 2al or 2bl facing each other, serving as slides for sliding therein, in particular thermally insulating covering panels 13 as will be explained later with reference in Figures 16A-16C.
  • Figures 10-13 show another embodiment of assembly between them of the beams 2a-2c of each of the trusses 2.
  • the assembly of each beam 2a and 2b to the beam 2c is carried out by welding the free end opposite wings of each profile 2a or 2b on the surface of the upper wing of the corresponding profile 2c as shown in diagram in 14.
  • the beams 2a and 2b of each truss are joined to each other by edge welding. edge of their adjacent upper free ends as shown in diagram 15.
  • the ridge beam 3 consists of a metal plate fixed to each of the internal wings of the beams 2a by means of of two bolts 16, each of the threaded rods of which is secured by welding of each of these wings and passes through a corresponding orifice in the plate 3.
  • the beams 2a, 2b can each be split into two parts as can be seen in FIG. 14, two connection plates 16 being joined, for example by welding, respectively in extension of the two parts beams to assemble.
  • the assembly of the two parts of beams 2a or 2b in extension of one another is carried out using bolts 17, for example four in number, passing through the two connection plates 16 thus tightened one against the other as shown in Figure 15.
  • FIGS. 16A-16C represent the introduction of the covering panels 13 to make the roof walls of the lodging as well as the floor of the latter.
  • the formation of the floor is carried out by sliding the panels 13 between the longitudinal grooves mutually opposite neighboring beams 2c.
  • FIG. 16A shows the introduction of the last floor panel 13 as well as the introduction of the first wall-roof panel between two longitudinal grooves facing each other respectively of two adjacent beams 2a on one side of the heel, one of them being the beam of a gable farm.
  • Figure 16B shows the introduction of the last and first panels wall-roof respectively on the two sides or slopes of the gîte.
  • Figure 16C shows the introduction of the last wall-roof panel on the second side of the deposit.
  • the introduction of the above panels is carried out once the frame has been bolted or welded.
  • the two sides of the heel and the floor thereof are formed from the introduction between two adjacent beams 2a, 2b or 2c of two panels arranged end to end, it being understood that only one panel can be used.
  • Each panel can be composed of an insulation compressed between two wooden and / or plasterboards.
  • the wall-roof panels 13 are immobilized between two neighboring beams 2c by their lower edges coming to bear on the corresponding end portions of the panels 13 of the floor.
  • This method of making the deposit thus eliminates all labor for fixing by nails, screws or the like.
  • commercial profile beams preferably 6 m long (rolled profile or folded sheet) which is the most usual length for manufacturing the product, material losses are reduced as much as possible.
  • FIG. 17 represents a slope of the roof or wall of the gîte externally covered with a covering 18 composed for example of shingles made of bituminized cardboard, a sheet of bituminized felt that can be sandwiched between the covering panels 13 and the covering 18.
  • This Figure also shows the presence of an aluminum profile with a trapezoidal cross section 19 constituting the roof ridge and aluminum profiles with a U-shaped cross section 20 for the edge of the roof.
  • the gable trusses can receive an appropriate closing wall, at least one of which is fitted with doors and windows.
  • the pilings 5 can be made from existing telegraph poles currently in abundance in Europe. In order to protect the posts from vermin, it is advantageous to mix poison with the soil around the buried part of the posts. Finally, adequate protection against rodents can be installed at the top of the posts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

A structure of this type consists of a metal framework (1) comprising a horizontal row or series of triangular trusses (2), preferably vertical equilateral and of the same size, placed on two parallel horizontal beams (4) and longitudinally spaced, preferably uniformly, and connected together by a ridge beam (3). The present invention applies to the construction especially of cabins. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une structure d'habitation telle qu'un gîte, une maison, un édifice ou bâtiment analogue.The present invention relates to a residential structure such as a gîte, a house, a building or the like.

Plus précisément, l'invention a pour but de créer un gîte de construction économique, d'une structure réduisant au maximum les pertes de matière et la main d'oeuvre de fabrication et de montage tout en étant à l'abri des tremblements de terre, des ouragans, d'inondations, des rongeurs et de la vermine.More specifically, the invention aims to create an economical construction shelter, a structure that minimizes material losses and the manpower of manufacturing and assembly while being sheltered from earthquakes. , hurricanes, floods, rodents and vermin.

Pour cela, la structure d'habitation selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'une charpente métallique comprenant une rangée ou série horizontale de fermes triangulaires de préférence équilatérales verticales de même grandeur, posés sur deux poutres horizontales parallèles et longitudinale­ment espacées de préférence uniformément et reliées entre elles par une poutre faîtière.For this, the residential structure according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of a metal frame comprising a horizontal row or series of triangular trusses, preferably equilateral vertical trusses of the same size, placed on two parallel horizontal beams and longitudinally spaced preferably uniformly and interconnected by a ridge beam.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, chaque ferme se compose de trois poutrelles, deux poutrelles parallèles voisines présentant respectivement deux rainures longitudinales mutuellement en regard, servant de glissières pour y introduire, par coulissement, des panneaux de revêtement notamment thermiquement isolants.According to a characteristic of the invention, each truss is made up of three beams, two neighboring parallel beams respectively having two mutually opposite longitudinal grooves, serving as slides for inserting therein, by sliding, covering panels, in particular thermally insulating.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les poutrelles de chaque ferme sont réalisées à partir de profilés assemblés soit par soudage, soit par boulonnage de goussets d'angle.According to another characteristic of the invention, the beams of each truss are produced from profiles assembled either by welding, or by bolting angle gussets.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les deux poutres horizontales parallèles sont supportées respectivement par deux paires de pilotis.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the two parallel horizontal beams are supported respectively by two pairs of pilings.

Selon toujours une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les poutrelles formant les côtés des fermes sont chacune réalisées en deux parties assemblées en prolongement l'une de l'autre par boulonnage de deux plaques de raccord respectivement solidaires de deux extrémités des deux parties de poutrelles.Still according to another characteristic of the invention, the beams forming the sides of the trusses are each made in two parts assembled in extension of one another by bolting two connection plates respectively secured to two ends of the two parts of beams .

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement au cours de la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple illustrant deux modes de réalisation de l'invention et dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de la charpente de la structure d'habitation montée sur pilotis;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue agrandie en perspective de la partie cerclée en II de la figure 2 et représentant un premier mode de réalisation d'assemblage de poutrelles de chaque ferme de la charpente ;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue agrandie en perspective de la partie cerclée en III de la figure 1 et représentant un premier mode de réalisation d'assemblage de poutrelles de chaque ferme de pignon ;
  • - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 2 ;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne V-V de la figure 3 ;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue plane agrandie de la partie cerclée en VI de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 7 est une vue agrandie en perspective de la partie cerclée en VII de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 8 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne VIII-VIII de la figure 7 ;
  • - la figure 9 représente l'assemblage au sommet d'un pilotis d'une partie de poutre horizontale servant au support des fermes ;
  • - la figure 10 est une vue agrandie en perspective de la partie cerclée en II de la figure 1 et représentant un deuxième mode de réalisation d'assemblage de poutrelles de chaque ferme de la charpente ;
  • - la figure 11 est une vue agrandie en perspective de la partie cerclée en III et représentant un deuxième mode de réalisation d'assemblage de poutrelles de chaque ferme de pignon ;
  • - la figure 12 représente partiellement en perspective un deuxième mode de réalisation du faîte de la structure d'habitation conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 13 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XIII-XIII de la figure 12 ;
  • - la figure 14 est une vue plane d'une ferme en triangle équilatéral, dont les deux côtés sont chacun réalisés par assemblage de deux parties de poutrelles en prolongement l'une de l'autre ;
  • - la figure 15 est une vue agrandie de la partie cerclée en XV de la figure 14 et représentant les deux parties de poutrelles assemblées par boulonnage en prolongement l'une de l'autre ;
  • - les figures 16A-16C représentent les différentes phases d'introduction de panneaux de revêtement dans la charpente de la structure d'habitation conforme à l'invention ; et
  • - la figure 17 est une vue semblable à la figure 1 et représentant l'une des pentes de la charpente revêtue d'une couverture extérieure de protection.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating two modes. of the invention and in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame of the housing structure mounted on stilts;
  • - Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in II of Figure 2 and showing a first embodiment of the assembly of beams of each truss of the frame;
  • - Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in III of Figure 1 and showing a first embodiment of the assembly of beams of each gable farm;
  • - Figure 4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of Figure 2;
  • - Figure 5 is a sectional view along line VV of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of the part circled in VI of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 7 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in VII of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 8 is a sectional view along line VIII-VIII of Figure 7;
  • - Figure 9 shows the assembly at the top of a pile of a horizontal beam portion used to support the trusses;
  • - Figure 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in II of Figure 1 and showing a second embodiment of assembly of beams of each truss of the frame;
  • - Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the part circled in III and showing a second embodiment of assembly of beams of each gable farm;
  • - Figure 12 partially shows in perspective a second embodiment of the top of the housing structure according to the invention;
  • - Figure 13 is a sectional view along line XIII-XIII of Figure 12;
  • - Figure 14 is a plan view of a truss in equilateral triangle, the two sides of which are each made by assembling two parts of beams in extension of one another;
  • - Figure 15 is an enlarged view of the part circled in XV of Figure 14 and showing the two parts of beams assembled by bolting in extension of one another;
  • - Figures 16A-16C show the different phases of introduction of cladding panels in the frame of the housing structure according to the invention; and
  • - Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 1 and showing one of the slopes of the frame coated with an outer protective cover.

En se reportant aux figures 1 à 9, il est représenté une structure de gîte constituée d'une charpente métallique 1 comprenant une rangée ou série horizontale de fermes triangulaires 2 de préférence équilatérales verticales de même grandeur et, dans le cas présent, au nombre de onze comportant neuf fermes disposées entre deux fermes de pignons. Les fermes 2, longitudinalement espacées de préférence uniformément, sont reliées entre elles par une poutre faîtière S et sont posées sur deux poutres horizontales parallèles 4 supportées respectivement par deux paires de pilotis 5.Referring to Figures 1 to 9, there is shown a heel structure consisting of a metal frame 1 comprising a row or horizontal series of triangular trusses 2 preferably equilateral vertical of the same size and, in this case, the number of eleven with nine trusses arranged between two gable trusses. The trusses 2, longitudinally spaced preferably uniformly, are interconnected by an ridge beam S and are placed on two parallel horizontal beams 4 supported respectively by two pairs of pilings 5.

Chaque ferme 2 se compose de trois poutrelles profilées 2a-2c assemblées par boulonnage de goussets d'angle 6, les poutrelles 2a et 2b définissant la pente de la toiture faisant également offices de murs du gîte tandis que la poutrelle 2c, posée sur les deux poutres 4 tranversalement à celles-ci, sert de support du plancher du gîte. Chaque poutrelle des deux fermes de pignons a un profilé en U tandis que les poutrelles des autres fermes ont chacune un profilé IPE résultant en fait de l'assemblage par soudage dos à dos de deux profilés en U. De plus, les poutrelles horizontales inférieures 2c, dans la mesure où elles servent à constituer le plancher, sont plus grosses que les poutrelles 2a et 2b. Les deux poutres 4 sont chacune profilées en T. Chaque poutrelle 2c est fixée sur les deux poutres 4 à l'aide respectivement de deux boulons 7, dont la tige filetée, soudée à une face externe intérieure d'une aile du profilé en U 2c de chaque ferme de pignon ou à la face externe intérieure d'une aile du profilé IPE des autres fermes, traverse un orifice correspondant pratiqué au travers d'une aile de la poutre 4 profilée en T. L'assemblage des poutres 4 sur chacun des pilotis 5 s'effectue en introduisant la partie formant pied 4a du profilé en T dans une rainure longitudinale 8 pratiquée au sommet de chaque pilotis 5, la profondeur de chaque rainure 8 étant sensiblement égale à la hauteur du pied 4a. Un boulon 9 traversant la partie supérieure de chaque pilotis 5 et un orifice correspondant pratiqué à travers la jambe 4a de chaque profilé en T 4 solidarise les poutres 4 aux pilotis 5.Each truss 2 is made up of three profiled beams 2a-2c assembled by bolting angle gussets 6, the beams 2a and 2b defining the slope of the roof also serving as walls of the gite while the beam 2c, placed on the two beams 4 transversely to these, serves to support the floor of the gîte. Each beam of the two gable farms has a U-shaped profile while the beams of the other farms each have an IPE profile resulting in fact from the back-to-back welding of two U-shaped profiles. In addition, the lower horizontal beams 2c , insofar as they serve to constitute the floor, are larger than the beams 2a and 2b. The two beams 4 are each T-shaped. Each beam 2c is fixed to the two beams 4 using respectively two bolts 7, the threaded rod of which is welded to an inner external face of a wing of the U-shaped profile 2c. of each gable truss or on the inner external face of a wing of the IPE profile of the other trusses, crosses a corresponding orifice made through a wing of the beam 4 T-profile. The assembly of the beams 4 on each of the pilings 5 is carried out by introducing the part forming a foot 4a of the T-shaped section in a longitudinal groove 8 formed at the top of each piling 5, the depth of each groove 8 being substantially equal to the height of the foot 4a. A bolt 9 passing through the upper part of each piling 5 and a corresponding orifice made through the leg 4a of each T-shaped section 4 secures the beams 4 to the piling 5.

L'assemblage de la poutrelle 2a à la poutrelle 2c ou de la poutrelle 2b à la poutrelle 2c s'effectue à l'aide de deux goussets d'angle 6a, 6b, le gousset 6a étant soli­daire par soudage de la face supérieure d'une aile de la poutrelle 2c tandis que le gousset 6b est solidaire par soudage de la face interne d'une aile de la poutrelle 2a. Chaque gousset 6a et 6b est ainsi solidarisé respec­tivement aux poutrelles 2c et 2a de façon qu'à la posi­tion d'assemblage de celles-ci, ils soient disposés côte à côte et assemblés l'un contre l'autre à l'aide de bou­lons 10 traversant les deux goussets 6a, 6b.The assembly of the beam 2a to the beam 2c or of the beam 2b to the beam 2c is carried out using two angle gussets 6a, 6b, the gusset 6a being secured by welding the upper face of a wing of the beam 2c while the gusset 6b is secured by welding of the internal face of a wing of the beam 2a. Each gusset 6a and 6b is thus secured respectively to the beams 2c and 2a so that in the assembly position of these, they are arranged side by side and assembled against one another using bolts 10 passing through the two gussets 6a, 6b.

L'assemblage entre elles des poutrelles 2a, 2b formant le sommet du gîte s'effectue à l'aide des goussets d'angle 6c, chacun solidarisé entre les parties formant âmes de deux poutrelles adjacentes 2a, 2b par l'intermédiaire de la poutre faîtière 3. Plus précisément, la poutre faîtière 3 est réalisée à partir de deux plaques métalliques adjacentes 3a, 3b définissant un angle aigu et solidaires l'une de l'autre par une soudure continue 11 pratiquée le long du sommet de la poutre faîtière ainsi définie. Les plaques 3a, 3b de la poutre 3 sont fixées respectivement contre les ailes successives internes des poutrelles 2a et 2b par l'intermédiaire de boulons 12, dont chaque tige filetée est solidaire par soudage de chacune des faces internes des ailes des poutrelles 2a et 2b et traverse un orifice correspondant de chacune des plaques 3a, 3b. Les goussets d'angle 6c sont soudés par leurs deux côtés adjacents définissant leurs sommets entre les plaques 3a, 3b de la poutre 3.The assembly between them of beams 2a, 2b forming the top of the heel is carried out using angle gussets 6c, each secured between the web-forming parts of two adjacent beams 2a, 2b by means of the beam ridge 3. More precisely, the ridge beam 3 is produced from of two adjacent metal plates 3a, 3b defining an acute angle and integral with one another by a continuous weld 11 made along the top of the ridge beam thus defined. The plates 3a, 3b of the beam 3 are fixed respectively against the successive internal wings of the beams 2a and 2b by means of bolts 12, each threaded rod of which is secured by welding of each of the internal faces of the wings of the beams 2a and 2b and passes through a corresponding orifice of each of the plates 3a, 3b. The corner gussets 6c are welded by their two adjacent sides defining their vertices between the plates 3a, 3b of the beam 3.

Avantageusement, deux poutrelles voisines 2a ou 2b respectivement de deux fermes voisines présentent respectivement deux rainures longitudinales 2al ou 2bl mutuellement en regard, servant de glissières pour y introduire, par coulissement, des panneaux de revêtement notamment thermiquement isolants 13 comme il sera expliqué ultérieurement en référence aux figures 16A-l6C.Advantageously, two neighboring beams 2a or 2b respectively of two neighboring farms respectively have two longitudinal grooves 2al or 2bl facing each other, serving as slides for sliding therein, in particular thermally insulating covering panels 13 as will be explained later with reference in Figures 16A-16C.

Les figures 10-13 représentent un autre mode de réalisation d'assemblage entre elles des poutrelles 2a-2c de chacune des fermes 2. L'assemblage de chaque poutrelle 2a et 2b à la poutrelle 2c s'effectue par soudage de l'extrémité libre des ailes opposées de chaque profilé 2a ou 2b sur la surface de l'aile supérieure du profilé 2c correspondant comme schématisé en 14. De même, les poutrelles 2a et 2b de chaque ferme sont assemblées l'une à l'autre par soudage bord à bord de leurs extrémités libres supérieures adjacentes comme schématisé en 15. Il est à noter que la poutre faîtière 3 est constituée d'une plaque métallique fixée à chacune des ailes internes des poutrelles 2a par l'intermédiaire de deux boulons 16, dont chacune des tiges filetées est solidaire par soudage de chacune de ces ailes et traverse un orifice correspondant de la plaque 3.Figures 10-13 show another embodiment of assembly between them of the beams 2a-2c of each of the trusses 2. The assembly of each beam 2a and 2b to the beam 2c is carried out by welding the free end opposite wings of each profile 2a or 2b on the surface of the upper wing of the corresponding profile 2c as shown in diagram in 14. Similarly, the beams 2a and 2b of each truss are joined to each other by edge welding. edge of their adjacent upper free ends as shown in diagram 15. It should be noted that the ridge beam 3 consists of a metal plate fixed to each of the internal wings of the beams 2a by means of of two bolts 16, each of the threaded rods of which is secured by welding of each of these wings and passes through a corresponding orifice in the plate 3.

Le choix de l'un ou l'autre des deux modes de réalisation d'assemblage des poutrelles de fermes précédemment décrits dépendra des problèmes de gabarit de transport. Si un tel problème ne se pose pas, l'assemblage par soudage de préférence en atelier sera choisi Dans le cas contraire, le choix se portera sur l'assemblage par boulonnage sur chantier.The choice of one or the other of the two embodiments of assembling the beams of trusses previously described will depend on the problems of transport template. If such a problem does not arise, assembly by welding, preferably in the workshop, will be chosen. Otherwise, the choice will be made for assembly by bolting on site.

En vue de faciliter le transport des triangles de fermes, les poutrelles 2a, 2b peuvent chacune être fractionnées en deux parties comme cela ressort de la figure i4, deux plaques de raccord 16 étant solida­risées, par exemple par soudage, en prolongement respectivement des deux parties de poutrelles à assembler. L'assemblage des deux parties de poutrelles 2a ou 2b en prolongement l'une de l'autre s'effectue à l'aide de boulons 17, par exemple au nombre de quatre, traversant les deux plaques de raccord 16 ainsi serrées l'une contre l'autre comme représenté en figure 15.In order to facilitate the transport of the farm triangles, the beams 2a, 2b can each be split into two parts as can be seen in FIG. 14, two connection plates 16 being joined, for example by welding, respectively in extension of the two parts beams to assemble. The assembly of the two parts of beams 2a or 2b in extension of one another is carried out using bolts 17, for example four in number, passing through the two connection plates 16 thus tightened one against the other as shown in Figure 15.

Les figures 16A-16C représentent l'introduction des panneaux de revêtement 13 pour réaliser les murs-toit du gîte ainsi que le plancher de celui-ci. La formation du plancher s'effectue en introduisant par coulissement des panneaux 13 entre les rainures longitudinales mutuellement en regard de poutrelles voisines 2c. La figure l6A montre l'introduction du dernier panneau de plancher l3 ainsi que l'introduction du premier panneau mur-toit entre deux rainures longitudinales mutuellement en regard respectivement de deux poutrelles voisines 2a d'un côté du gîte, l'une d'elles étant la poutrelle d'une ferme de pignon. La figure 16B représente l'introduction des derniers et premiers panneaux mur-toit respectivement des deux côtés ou versants du gîte. La figure 16C représente l'introduction du dernier panneau mur-toit du deuxième côté du gîte. Bien entendu, l'introduction des panneaux ci-dessus s'effectue une fois que la charpente a été boulonnée ou soudée. Comme représenté, les deux côtés du gîte et le plancher de celui-ci sont formés à partir de l'introduction entre deux poutrelles voisines 2a, 2b ou 2c de deux panneaux disposés bout à bout, étant bien entendu qu'un seul panneau peut être utilisé. Chaque panneau peut être composé d'un isolant comprimé entre deux plaques de bois et/ou de plâtre. De plus, les panneaux mur-toit 13 sont immobilisés entre deux poutrelles voisines 2c par leurs bords inférieurs venant en appui sur les parties d'extrémité correspondantes des panneaux 13 du plancher.FIGS. 16A-16C represent the introduction of the covering panels 13 to make the roof walls of the lodging as well as the floor of the latter. The formation of the floor is carried out by sliding the panels 13 between the longitudinal grooves mutually opposite neighboring beams 2c. FIG. 16A shows the introduction of the last floor panel 13 as well as the introduction of the first wall-roof panel between two longitudinal grooves facing each other respectively of two adjacent beams 2a on one side of the heel, one of them being the beam of a gable farm. Figure 16B shows the introduction of the last and first panels wall-roof respectively on the two sides or slopes of the gîte. Figure 16C shows the introduction of the last wall-roof panel on the second side of the deposit. Of course, the introduction of the above panels is carried out once the frame has been bolted or welded. As shown, the two sides of the heel and the floor thereof are formed from the introduction between two adjacent beams 2a, 2b or 2c of two panels arranged end to end, it being understood that only one panel can be used. Each panel can be composed of an insulation compressed between two wooden and / or plasterboards. In addition, the wall-roof panels 13 are immobilized between two neighboring beams 2c by their lower edges coming to bear on the corresponding end portions of the panels 13 of the floor.

Ce procédé de réalisation du gîte élimine ainsi toute main d'oeuvre de fixation par clous, vis ou analogues. De plus, en choisissant des poutrelles profilées du commerce, de préférence de 6 m de long (profilé laminé ou en tôle pliée) qui est la longueur la plus usuelle de fabrication du produit, on réduit au maximum les pertes de matière.This method of making the deposit thus eliminates all labor for fixing by nails, screws or the like. In addition, by choosing commercial profile beams, preferably 6 m long (rolled profile or folded sheet) which is the most usual length for manufacturing the product, material losses are reduced as much as possible.

La figure 17 représente un versant du toit ou mur du gîte recouvert extérieurement d'une couverture 18 composée par exemple de bardeaux en carton bitumé, une feuille de feutre bitumé pouvant être montée en sandwich entre les panneaux de revêtement 13 et la couverture 18. Cette figure montre également la présence d'un profilé en aluminium à section transversale trapézoïdale 19 constituant le faîte du toit et de profilés en aluminium à section transversale en U 20 pour la bordure du toit.FIG. 17 represents a slope of the roof or wall of the gîte externally covered with a covering 18 composed for example of shingles made of bituminized cardboard, a sheet of bituminized felt that can be sandwiched between the covering panels 13 and the covering 18. This Figure also shows the presence of an aluminum profile with a trapezoidal cross section 19 constituting the roof ridge and aluminum profiles with a U-shaped cross section 20 for the edge of the roof.

Par ailleurs, les fermes de pignons peuvent recevoir une paroi de fermeture appropriée dont au moins une est munie de portes et fenêtres.Furthermore, the gable trusses can receive an appropriate closing wall, at least one of which is fitted with doors and windows.

Les pilotis 5 peuvent être réalisés à partir de poteaux télégraphiques existants actuellement en abondance en Europe. Afin de protéger les poteaux contre la vermine, il est avantageux de mélanger du poison au sol autour de la partie enfouie des poteaux. Enfin, une protection adéquate contre les rongeurs peut être installée en haut des poteaux.The pilings 5 can be made from existing telegraph poles currently in abundance in Europe. In order to protect the posts from vermin, it is advantageous to mix poison with the soil around the buried part of the posts. Finally, adequate protection against rodents can be installed at the top of the posts.

Claims (8)

1. Structure d'habitation, telle qu'un gîte, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'une charpente métallique (1) comprenant une rangée ou série horizontale de fermes triangulaires (2) se composant chacune de trois poutrelles (2a-2c), de préférence équilatérales verticales de même grandeur, posées sur deux poutres horizontales parallèles (4), longitudinalement espacées de préférence uniformément et reliées entre elles par une poutre faîtière (3).1. Housing structure, such as a gîte, characterized in that it consists of a metal frame (1) comprising a horizontal row or series of triangular trusses (2) each consisting of three beams (2a- 2c), preferably vertical equilateral of the same size, placed on two parallel horizontal beams (4), longitudinally spaced preferably uniformly spaced and connected together by an ridge beam (3). 2. Structure selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que deux poutrelles parallèles ou voisines (2a, 2b ou 2c) respectivement de deux formes voisines présentent respectivement deux rainures longitudinales mutuellement en regard, servant de glissières pour y introduire, par coulissement, des panneaux de revêtements ou de plancher (13) notamment thermiquement isolants.2. Structure according to claim 1, characterized in that two parallel or adjacent beams (2a, 2b or 2c) respectively of two neighboring shapes respectively have two mutually opposite longitudinal grooves, serving as slides for inserting therein, by sliding, panels coatings or floors (13), in particular thermally insulating. 3. Structure selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les poutrelles précitées de chaque ferme (2) sont réalisées à partir de profilés assemblés soit par soudage, soit par boulonnage de goussets d'angle (6).3. Structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the above-mentioned beams of each truss (2) are produced from profiles assembled either by welding, or by bolting of corner gussets (6). 4. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les deux poutres horizontales parallèles (4) sont supportées respectivement par deux paires de pilotis (5).4. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two parallel horizontal beams (4) are supported respectively by two pairs of pilings (5). 5. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les poutrelles (2a, 2b) formant côtés des fermes (2) sont chacune réalisées en deux parties assemblées en prolongement l'une de l'autre par boulonnage de deux plaques de raccord (16) respectivement solidaires des deux extrémités des deux parties de poutrelles.5. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beams (2a, 2b) forming sides of the trusses (2) are each made in two parts assembled in extension of one another by bolting two plates of connection (16) respectively secured to the two ends of the two parts of beams. 6. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'une des fermes de pignon (2) reçoit une paroi de fermeture appropriée munie de portes et fenêtres.6. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the gable trusses (2) receives a suitable closing wall provided with doors and windows. 7. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les pentes de la charpente sont recouvertes de bardeaux en carton bitumé (18).7. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slopes of the frame are covered with shingles of asphalt cardboard (18). 8. Structure selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les panneaux de revêtement (13) sont immobilisés entre deux poutrelles voisines (2c) par leurs bords inférieurs venant en appui sur les parties d'extrémités correspondantes des panneaux de plancher (13).8. Structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the covering panels (13) are immobilized between two adjacent beams (2c) by their lower edges coming to bear on the corresponding end parts of the floor panels ( 13).
EP88402295A 1987-09-17 1988-09-12 Housing structure, such as a cabin Withdrawn EP0308313A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8712895A FR2620746B1 (en) 1987-09-17 1987-09-17 HOUSING STRUCTURE SUCH AS FOR EXAMPLE A GITE
FR8712895 1987-09-17

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EP0308313A1 true EP0308313A1 (en) 1989-03-22

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1006714C2 (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-08 Euro Systeem Bouw B V Building construction used to provide temporary accommodation

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU23904B (en) * 1904-06-11 1905-04-04 Theodore Bernard Gustav Zwicker Alexander Tod Improvements in, printing machinery
CH161508A (en) * 1932-06-28 1933-05-15 G Oppliger House that can be dismantled, especially garden or weekend house.
US2131467A (en) * 1935-12-14 1938-09-27 Austin T Levy Prefabricated building
US3177618A (en) * 1962-06-04 1965-04-13 Bart M Jacob A-frame construction
US3354590A (en) * 1965-05-03 1967-11-28 Norman T Gilroy Building frame structure
DE1759003A1 (en) * 1968-03-20 1971-05-19 Krupp Gmbh Makeshift hut
US3798853A (en) * 1972-11-22 1974-03-26 J Castle Aluminum building

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU23904B (en) * 1904-06-11 1905-04-04 Theodore Bernard Gustav Zwicker Alexander Tod Improvements in, printing machinery
CH161508A (en) * 1932-06-28 1933-05-15 G Oppliger House that can be dismantled, especially garden or weekend house.
US2131467A (en) * 1935-12-14 1938-09-27 Austin T Levy Prefabricated building
US3177618A (en) * 1962-06-04 1965-04-13 Bart M Jacob A-frame construction
US3354590A (en) * 1965-05-03 1967-11-28 Norman T Gilroy Building frame structure
DE1759003A1 (en) * 1968-03-20 1971-05-19 Krupp Gmbh Makeshift hut
US3798853A (en) * 1972-11-22 1974-03-26 J Castle Aluminum building

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1006714C2 (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-08 Euro Systeem Bouw B V Building construction used to provide temporary accommodation

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FR2620746B1 (en) 1991-07-26
FR2620746A1 (en) 1989-03-24

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