EP0299133A1 - Method for tunnel driving and device for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method for tunnel driving and device for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0299133A1
EP0299133A1 EP87890173A EP87890173A EP0299133A1 EP 0299133 A1 EP0299133 A1 EP 0299133A1 EP 87890173 A EP87890173 A EP 87890173A EP 87890173 A EP87890173 A EP 87890173A EP 0299133 A1 EP0299133 A1 EP 0299133A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
tunnel
storage space
mixture
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87890173A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0299133B1 (en
Inventor
Egon Theelen
Werner Wippig
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Sandvik Mining and Construction GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Voest Alpine Bergtechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0299133A1 publication Critical patent/EP0299133A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
    • E21D9/13—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms using hydraulic or pneumatic conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
    • E21D9/0657—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end structurally associated with rock crushers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for tunneling and a device for performing the method according to the preambles of the method and the device main claim.
  • Such a method is carried out by means of known so-called hydroshield devices, which is particularly advantageous because the entire tunnel is only under atmospheric pressure and compressed air diseases of the operating personnel can thus be avoided.
  • the overburden contains, for example, stones, foreign bodies or other larger parts which, after accumulation of a certain volume must be manually removed from the chamber in front of the printing plate.
  • the liquid level of the medium is lowered to the tunnel base by pumping and this extraction space or the chamber is placed under compressed air so that an operator can be introduced through the security gate into the space between the face and pressure wall to manually close the larger parts remove. Stopping, pumping empty and pressurizing the compressed air reduce the time required for the propulsion, which leads to a deterioration in the propulsive performance when larger numbers of stones are found.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method, with which, even when larger parts such as stones, foreign bodies or the like occur, the tunnel is continuously driven in liquid transport and can be quickly and easily converted to dry transport if necessary can.
  • the invention thus proposes a method and a device for carrying out the method in which the working face is supported hydrostatically, but the liquid level of the medium is not loaded under compressed air between the pressure wall and a plunger wall arranged in front of it, as in the known method. but in which a pressure storage space, which is led out through the first opening in the pressure shield but is otherwise sealed, assumes the function of the accumulator loaded with compressed air.
  • a pressure storage space which is led out through the first opening in the pressure shield but is otherwise sealed, assumes the function of the accumulator loaded with compressed air.
  • larger stones, boulders or the like which occasionally appear up to the bottom of the chamber or the tunnel bottom of the excavation space, can be transported into the storage space and separated and mechanically crushed there and then returned to the liquid transport circuit will. It is not necessary to stop the device as in the prior art.
  • the construction of the device can also be kept shorter in the invention and the operating personnel introduced into the chamber through the personal lock can more easily get through the baffle not present there in order to carry out any repair or other work.
  • the storage space can be opened and a second mechanical conveyor can be introduced quickly and easily through the second opening that has become free, and preferably up to below the discharge-side end of the first mechanical conveyor in the storage space, so that continuous dry conveying to the available soil - dolly or the like can be carried out.
  • the first conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor because an earth pressure compensation can be created by selecting the screw pitch and the speed. This is supported by mechanically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically actuated support plates between the extraction arms.
  • the excavation tool has a multi-armed, conical drill head, which - while eliminating the center cutters available in the prior art - also causes centering when drilling the soil.
  • the device designated overall by 5, has a removal tool 6 arranged at the front in the direction of advance according to the directional arrow 7 and which has a plurality of drilling arms 8 on the drilling basket 9 which radiate from the center and which are provided with the actual drilling tools 10.
  • the drilling arms 8 span a conical surface and can be tilted and exchangeably arranged on the drilling basket 9.
  • the tilt axis can be arranged on the outer or inner abutment of the drill cage 9.
  • Support plates 11 that can be adjusted hydraulically, mechanically and / or pneumatically in the direction of drive forward and backward as well as adjustable can be arranged between the drilling arms 8.
  • the drill cage is arranged in front of the pressure plate denoted by 12 and driven by a drive denoted overall by 13, which is guided through the pressure plate 12 in a pressure-tight manner.
  • a double-chamber personal airlock 14 is arranged, through which one can get into the chamber, denoted overall by 15, between the removal tool 6 and the printing plate 12 can, which is sealed pressure-tight by the pressure shield 12 from the rear part of the device 5.
  • a storage space 16 is arranged behind the printing plate 12 and is located on the underside in the upper half 18 with respect to the longitudinal axis 17 of the device 5.
  • the storage space 16 is connected to the chamber * 15 via a first opening 19 in the printing plate and via a pipe 20.
  • the receiving end of a first mechanical conveyor designed as a chain conveyor 21 extends close to the bottom of the chamber 15 and is guided through the first opening 19 and the tube 20 to the storage space 16 in which its discharge end is arranged.
  • an inclined coarse sieve 23 is arranged above a collecting container 24 for the sieve passage, to which a conveying line 25 for the liquid transport is connected.
  • a stone crusher 26 also with a collecting container, which is also connected to the delivery line 25 via a line 27.
  • the storage space 16 can also be connected to the tunnel 30, which is already supported by tubbings, via a second opening closed by a closing door 28. Through this second opening, a second mechanical conveyor 31 can be pushed directly under the discharge end 22 of the chain conveyor 21 for the purpose of dry transport, so that the excavated material can be transported directly into soil transport wagons or the like (not shown), the coarse sieve 23 optionally must be omitted.
  • the tubbing 29 is transported to a tubbing conveyor 32 known per se in the direction of advance 7 to the actual device 5 and set there by means of an erector 33, also known per se.
  • Feed presses 34 which are known per se, are supported on the one hand on the segments already set, on the other hand on the device 5 or the printing plate 12.
  • a feed pump 35 for water and / or a thixotropic liquid is provided, which is led via a line 36 into the chamber 15 and exits there in the region of the first opening 19 via a flushing nozzle 37.
  • the first opening 19 can be sealed off in a pressure-tight manner by means of a slide which can be actuated mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically and is schematically designated 38 in order to also be able to carry out repair work in the storage space 16.
  • the crusher 26 is expediently only switched on when there is a certain amount of stone.
  • a level measuring device 40 for adjusting the air pressure 16 in the storage chamber can preferably be provided in the tube 20, which can then be exerted on the liquid surface and thus on the liquid filling the entire chamber 15 and thus on the working face in front of the removal tool 6 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

A method of tunnel driving in unstable soils beneath the ground-water level, the face being constantly acted upon by counterpressure from a medium such as water and/or a thixotropic liquid during driving or air during pauses in the driving and being excavated with an excavating tool (6) located in front of the pressure shield (12). The mixture of waste and medium located in the chamber (15) between face and pressure shield (12) is conveyed away, in the course of which the excavation space can be partitioned off in a pressure-tight manner via the pressure shield (12) from the tunnel already driven. When the pressure shield (12) is partitioned off in a pressure-tight manner, the mixture having water and/or thixotropic liquid is mechanically transported into a storage space (16) for the compressed air, which storage space (16) is arranged behind the pressure shield (12), is connected to the chamber (15) via a first opening (19) and is separated in a pressure-tight manner from the tunnel (30). In this storage space (16), the larger parts, such as stones, foreign bodies or the like, are separated out of the mixture, are mechanically comminuted and are fed back to the mixture, the free-flowing mixture being transported away out of the storage space (16) in a pressure-tight manner via a delivery line (25). Instead of the liquid transport, the now fluent solid waste, for the purpose of dry transport, can first of all be transported into the storage space (16) when the same is opened towards the tunnel via a second opening (28) and can be directly transported mechanically from there via the opening (28) into the tunnel (30) without separation of larger parts. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Tunnelvortrieb sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Oberbegriffen des Verfahrens- und des Vorrich­tungs-Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a method for tunneling and a device for performing the method according to the preambles of the method and the device main claim.

Ein solches Verfahren wird mittels bekannter sogenannter Hydroschild-Vorrichtungen ausgeführt, was besonders vor­teilhaft ist, weil der gesamte Tunnel nur unter atmosphä­rischem Druck steht und somit Drucklufterkrankungen des Bedienungspersonals vermieden werden können.Such a method is carried out by means of known so-called hydroshield devices, which is particularly advantageous because the entire tunnel is only under atmospheric pressure and compressed air diseases of the operating personnel can thus be avoided.

Der Nachteil bei diesem bekannten Verfahren sowie der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht darin, daß sobald eine andere Geologie innerhalb der aufzufahrenden Tunnelröhre (also kein nicht standfester rolliger Boden) auftritt, der Abraum beispielsweise Steine, Fremdkörper oder andere größere Teile enthält, welche nach Ansammlung eines gewissen Volumens aus der Kammer vor dem Druckschild manuell entfernt werden müs­sen. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß der Flüssigkeitsspie­gel des Mediums bis auf die Tunnelsohle durch Abpumpen absenkt und diesen Abbauraum bzw. die Kammer unter Druckluft setzt, damit eine Bedienungsperson durch die Personenschleuse in den Raum zwischen Ortsbrust und Druckwand eingeschleust werden kann, um die größeren Teile manuell zu beseitigen. Durch das Anhalten, Leer­pumpen und Druckluftbeaufschlagen reduziert sich der Zeitaufwand für den Vortrieb, was bei höherem Aufkommen größerer Teile an Steinen eine Verschlechterung der Vor­triebsleistung mit sich bringt.The disadvantage of this known method and of the device for carrying out the method is that as soon as another geology occurs within the tunnel tube to be opened (i.e. not a non-stable, rolling ground), the overburden contains, for example, stones, foreign bodies or other larger parts which, after accumulation of a certain volume must be manually removed from the chamber in front of the printing plate. This is done in that the liquid level of the medium is lowered to the tunnel base by pumping and this extraction space or the chamber is placed under compressed air so that an operator can be introduced through the security gate into the space between the face and pressure wall to manually close the larger parts remove. Stopping, pumping empty and pressurizing the compressed air reduce the time required for the propulsion, which leads to a deterioration in the propulsive performance when larger numbers of stones are found.

Es ist außerdem nachteilig, daß bei Antreffen einer Geo­logie im Verlauf des Vortriebes, die nicht mehr durch den Flüssigkeitstransport zu transportieren ist, eine Trockentransportrichtung vorgesehen werden muß. Dies ge­schieht, wenn überhaupt der Umbau einer Hydroschild-Anla­ge vom Flüssigkeitstransport auf Trockentransport mög­lich ist durch Umbauen, was ebenfalls erhebliche Zeitver­luste mit sich bringt.It is also disadvantageous that when a geology is encountered in the course of the tunneling, which can no longer be transported by the liquid transport, one Dry transport direction must be provided. This happens if the conversion of a hydroshield system from liquid transport to dry transport is possible at all by conversion, which also results in considerable loss of time.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorzuschlagen, mit denen auch bei Auftreten größerer Teile wie Steine, Fremdkörper oder dergleichen kontinuierlich im Flüssigtransport der Tunnel vor­getrieben und in einfacher Art und Weise schnell erfor­derlichenfalls auf Trockentransport umgestellt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method, with which, even when larger parts such as stones, foreign bodies or the like occur, the tunnel is continuously driven in liquid transport and can be quickly and easily converted to dry transport if necessary can.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Gegenstände des Verfahrens- ­und Vorrichtungs-Hauptanspruches gelöst.This object is achieved by the subjects of the main method and device claim.

Durch die Erfindung wird also ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgeschla­gen, bei der die Ortsbrust hydrostatisch gestützt wird, wobei der Flüssigkeitsspiegel des Mediums aber nicht wie bei dem bekannten Verfahren zwischen der Druck- und ei­ner davor angeordneten Tauchwand unter Druckluft belastet wird, sondern bei der ein durch die erste Öffnung im Druckschild hinausgeführter, im übrigen aber abgedichte­ter Druckspeicherraum die Funktion des druckluftbelaste­ten Akkumulators übernimmt. Zugleich können nach Lehre der Erfindung durch den bis auf die Sohle der Kammer bzw. der Tunnelsohle des Abbauraumes reichenden ersten Förderer gelegentlich auftauchende größere Steine, Find­linge oder dergleichen in den Speicherraum transportiert und dort abgesondert sowie gesondert mechanisch zerklei­nert und dann wieder dem Flüssigtransport-Kreislauf zu­geführt werden. Es ist nicht das Anhalten der Vorrich­tung wie beim Stand der Technik erforderlich.The invention thus proposes a method and a device for carrying out the method in which the working face is supported hydrostatically, but the liquid level of the medium is not loaded under compressed air between the pressure wall and a plunger wall arranged in front of it, as in the known method. but in which a pressure storage space, which is led out through the first opening in the pressure shield but is otherwise sealed, assumes the function of the accumulator loaded with compressed air. At the same time, according to the teaching of the invention, larger stones, boulders or the like, which occasionally appear up to the bottom of the chamber or the tunnel bottom of the excavation space, can be transported into the storage space and separated and mechanically crushed there and then returned to the liquid transport circuit will. It is not necessary to stop the device as in the prior art.

Durch den Wegfall der Tauchwand kann ferner bei der Er­findung die Konstruktion der Vorrichtung kürzer gehalten werden und das durch die Personenschleuse in die Kam­mer eingeschleuste Bedienungspersonal einfacher durch die dort nicht vorhandene Tauchwand gelangen, um even­tuelle Reparatur- oder sonstige Arbeiten durchzufüh­ren.By eliminating the baffle, the construction of the device can also be kept shorter in the invention and the operating personnel introduced into the chamber through the personal lock can more easily get through the baffle not present there in order to carry out any repair or other work.

Schließlich kann durch Öffnen der Abschlußtür der Spei­cherraum geöffnet und durch die frei gewordene zweite Öffnung ein zweiter mechanischer Förderer schnell und einfach eingebracht werden, und zwar vorzugsweise bis un­ter das austragsseitige Ende des ersten mechanischen För­derers in dem Speicherraum, so daß eine kontinuierliche Trockenförderung zu bereitstehenden Erdreich-Transport­wagen oder dergleichen durchgeführt werden kann.Finally, by opening the end door, the storage space can be opened and a second mechanical conveyor can be introduced quickly and easily through the second opening that has become free, and preferably up to below the discharge-side end of the first mechanical conveyor in the storage space, so that continuous dry conveying to the available soil - dolly or the like can be carried out.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn in zweckmäßiger Aus­gestaltung der Erfindung der erste Förderer als Schnek­kenförderer ausgebildet ist, weil durch Wahl der Schnek­kensteigung und der Drehzahl ein Erddruck-Ausgleich ge­schaffen werden kann. Dies wird durch mechanisch, hydrau­lisch und/oder pneumatisch betätigbare Stützplatten zwi­schen den Abbauarmen unterstützt.It is particularly advantageous if, in an expedient embodiment of the invention, the first conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor because an earth pressure compensation can be created by selecting the screw pitch and the speed. This is supported by mechanically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically actuated support plates between the extraction arms.

Ferner ist von Vorteil, daß das Abbauwerkzeug einen mehr­armigen, kegelförmig ausgebildeten Bohrkopf ausweist, der - unter Fortfall der beim Stande der Technik vorhandenen Mittenschneider - zugleich eine Zentrierung beim Abboh­ren des Erdreiches bewirkt.It is also advantageous that the excavation tool has a multi-armed, conical drill head, which - while eliminating the center cutters available in the prior art - also causes centering when drilling the soil.

Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Er­findung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Expedient refinements and developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel wird nachfolgend un­ter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

In dieser zeigt:

  • Figur 1 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Vorrichtung zum Tunnelvortrieb;
  • Figure 2 eine Ansicht II-II gemäß Figur 1;
  • Figure 3 einen Schnitt III-III gemäß Figur 1 und
  • Figure 4 einen Schnitt IV-IV gemäß Figur 1.
In this shows:
  • 1 shows a schematic cross section through a device for tunneling;
  • Figure 2 is a view II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a section III-III of Figure 1 and
  • Figure 4 shows a section IV-IV according to Figure 1.

Die insgesamt mit 5 bezeichnete Vorrichtung weist ein in Vortriebsrichtung gemäß Richtungspfeil 7 vorne ange­ordnetes Abbauwerkzeug 6 auf, welches mehrere strahlen­förmig von der Mitte ausgehende Bohrarme 8 an dem Bohr­korb 9 aufweist, die mit den eigentlichen Bohrwerkzeu­gen 10 versehen sind. Die Bohrarme 8 spannen eine kegel­förmige Fläche auf und sind kippbar sowie auswechselbar an dem Bohrkorb 9 angeordnet. Die Kippachse kann hier­bei an dem äußeren oder inneren Widerlager des Bohrkor­bes 9 angeordnet sein.The device, designated overall by 5, has a removal tool 6 arranged at the front in the direction of advance according to the directional arrow 7 and which has a plurality of drilling arms 8 on the drilling basket 9 which radiate from the center and which are provided with the actual drilling tools 10. The drilling arms 8 span a conical surface and can be tilted and exchangeably arranged on the drilling basket 9. The tilt axis can be arranged on the outer or inner abutment of the drill cage 9.

Zwischen den Bohrarmen 8 können hydraulisch, mechanisch und/oder pneumatisch in Vortriebrichtung vor- und zurück- sowie anstellbar verstellbare Stützplatten 11 (Figur 2) angeordnet sein. Der Bohrkorb ist - wie an sich bekannt - vor dem mit 12 bezeichneten Druckschild angeordnet und über einen insgesamt mit 13 bezeichneten Antrieb angetrieben, der druckdicht durch den Druck­schild 12 hindurchgeführt ist. Im oberen Bereich in Vortriebsrichtung 7 hinter dem Druckschild 12 ist eine Doppelkammer-Personenschleuse 14 angeordnet, durch die man in die insgesamt mit 15 bezeichnete Kammer zwischen dem Abbauwerkzeug 6 und dem Druckschild 12 gelangen kann, die druckdicht durch den Druckschild 12 von dem rückwärtigen Teil der Vorrichtung 5 abgeschottet ist.
* kommunizierendSupport plates 11 (FIG. 2) that can be adjusted hydraulically, mechanically and / or pneumatically in the direction of drive forward and backward as well as adjustable can be arranged between the drilling arms 8. As is known per se, the drill cage is arranged in front of the pressure plate denoted by 12 and driven by a drive denoted overall by 13, which is guided through the pressure plate 12 in a pressure-tight manner. In the upper area in the direction of advance 7 behind the printing plate 12, a double-chamber personal airlock 14 is arranged, through which one can get into the chamber, denoted overall by 15, between the removal tool 6 and the printing plate 12 can, which is sealed pressure-tight by the pressure shield 12 from the rear part of the device 5.
* communicating

Hinter dem Druckschild 12 ist ein Speicherraum 16 ange­ordnet, der sich mit bezug auf die Längsachse 17 der Vorrichtung 5 unterseitig in der oberen Hälfte 18 befin­det. Der Speicherraum 16 ist über eine erste Öffnung 19 in dem Druckschild und über ein Rohr 20 mit der Kammer* 15 verbunden. Das aufnahmeseitige Ende eines ersten, als Kettenförderer 21 ausgebildeten mechanischen Förderers reicht bis nahe zu der Sohle der Kammer 15 und ist durch die erste Öffnung 19 und das Rohr 20 zu dem Speicher­raum 16 geführt, in dem sein abgabeseitiges Ende ange­ordnet ist.A storage space 16 is arranged behind the printing plate 12 and is located on the underside in the upper half 18 with respect to the longitudinal axis 17 of the device 5. The storage space 16 is connected to the chamber * 15 via a first opening 19 in the printing plate and via a pipe 20. The receiving end of a first mechanical conveyor designed as a chain conveyor 21 extends close to the bottom of the chamber 15 and is guided through the first opening 19 and the tube 20 to the storage space 16 in which its discharge end is arranged.

Unterhalb dem austragsseitigen Ende 22 des Kettenför­derers 21 ist ein schräggestelltes Grobsieb 23 über ei­nem Auffangbehälter 24 für den Siebdurchgang angeordnet, an dem eine Förderleitung 25 für den Flüssigtransport angeschlossen ist. Unterhalb und neben dem seitlichen Ende des Grobsiebs 23 ist ein Steinebrecher 26, eben­falls mit Auffangbehälter angeordnet, der über eine Lei­tung 27 ebenfalls an die Förderleitung 25 angeschlossen ist.Below the discharge end 22 of the chain conveyor 21, an inclined coarse sieve 23 is arranged above a collecting container 24 for the sieve passage, to which a conveying line 25 for the liquid transport is connected. Below and next to the side end of the coarse screen 23 there is a stone crusher 26, also with a collecting container, which is also connected to the delivery line 25 via a line 27.

Der Speicherraum 16 ist ferner über eine durch eine Ab­schlußtür 28 verschlossene zweite Öffnung mit dem schon durch Tübbings abgestützten Tunnel 30 verbindbar. Durch diese zweite Öffnung kann zum Zwecke des Trockentrans­ports ein zweiter mechanischer Förderer 31 direkt unter das austragsseitige Ende 22 des Kettenförderers 21 ge­schoben werden, so daß der Abbraum direkt in Erdreich-Trans­portwagen oder dergleichen (nicht gezeigt) transportiert werden kann, wobei gegebenenfalls das Grobsieb 23 ent­fallen muß.The storage space 16 can also be connected to the tunnel 30, which is already supported by tubbings, via a second opening closed by a closing door 28. Through this second opening, a second mechanical conveyor 31 can be pushed directly under the discharge end 22 of the chain conveyor 21 for the purpose of dry transport, so that the excavated material can be transported directly into soil transport wagons or the like (not shown), the coarse sieve 23 optionally must be omitted.

Die Tübbings 29 werden einen an sich bekannten Tübbings­transporteuer 32 in Vortriebsrichtung 7 zur der eigentli­chen Vorrichtung 5 transportiert und dort mittels eines ebenfalls an sich bekannten Erektors 33 gesetzt. An sich bekannte Vorschubpressen 34 stützen sich einerseits an den schon gesetzten Tübbings, andererseits an der Vorrichtung 5 bzw. dem Druckschild 12 ab.The tubbing 29 is transported to a tubbing conveyor 32 known per se in the direction of advance 7 to the actual device 5 and set there by means of an erector 33, also known per se. Feed presses 34, which are known per se, are supported on the one hand on the segments already set, on the other hand on the device 5 or the printing plate 12.

Ferner ist eine Förderpumpe 35 für Wasser und/oder eine thixotrope Flüssigkeit vorgesehen, die über eine Leitung 36 bis in die Kammer 15 geführt ist und dort im Bereich der ersten Öffnung 19 über eine Spüldüse 37 austritt. Die erste Öffnung 19 kann - druckdicht - mittels eines mechanisch, hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigbaren und schematisch mit 38 bezeichneten Schiebers abge­schottet werden, um auch Reparaturarbeiten in dem Spei­cherraum 16 ausführen zu können.Furthermore, a feed pump 35 for water and / or a thixotropic liquid is provided, which is led via a line 36 into the chamber 15 and exits there in the region of the first opening 19 via a flushing nozzle 37. The first opening 19 can be sealed off in a pressure-tight manner by means of a slide which can be actuated mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically and is schematically designated 38 in order to also be able to carry out repair work in the storage space 16.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Steinbrecher 26 nur dann ein­geschaltet, wenn ein gewisser Steinanfall vorliegt. Ebenso kann in dem Rohr 20 vorzugsweise eine Niveau-Meß­einrichtung 40 zur Einstellung des Luftdrucks 16 in der Speicherkammer vorgesehen sein, der dann auf die Flüs­sigkeitsoberfläche und damit auf die die gesamte Kammer 15 ausfüllende Flüssigkeit und damit auf die Ortsbrust vor dem Abbauwerkzeug 6 ausgeübt werden kann.The crusher 26 is expediently only switched on when there is a certain amount of stone. Likewise, a level measuring device 40 for adjusting the air pressure 16 in the storage chamber can preferably be provided in the tube 20, which can then be exerted on the liquid surface and thus on the liquid filling the entire chamber 15 and thus on the working face in front of the removal tool 6 .

Claims (15)

1. Verfahren zum Tunnelvortrieb in unterschiedlichen geologischen Formationen, nämlich nicht standfesten, rolligen Böden unterhalb des Grundwasserspiegels, wobei die Ortsbrust ständig mit dem erforderlichen Gegendruck durch ein Medium wie Wasser und/oder einer thixotropen Flüssigkeit beim Vortreiben oder Luft bei Vortriebspau­sen beispielsweise zu Reparaturzwecken beaufschlagt und in jedem Fall mittels eines vor dem Druckschild befind­lichen Abbauwerkzeuges unter Bildung von Abraum abge­baut wird, wobei das sich in der zwischen der Ortsbrust und dem Druckschild gebildeten Kammer befindliche Ge­misch von Abraum im Medium weggefördert wird und der Ab­bauraum von dem schon vorgetriebenen Tunnel druckdicht über den Druckschild abschottbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entweder zum Zweck des Flüssigtransportes bei druckdicht abge­schottetem Druckschild das Wasser und/oder die thixotrope Flüssigkeit aufweisende fließfähige Gemisch vorzugsweise mechanisch in einen in Vortriebsrichtung hinter dem Druckschild angeordneten, mit der Kammer kommunizie­rend über eine erste Öffnung verbundenen und von dem schon vorgetriebenen Tunnel druckdicht getrennten Spei­cherraum für die Druckluft transportiert, daß dort aus dem Gemisch die Größeren Teile, wie Steine, Fremdkörper oder dergleichen ausgesondert und die ausgesonderten größeren Teile mechanisch zerkleinert und in zerkleiner­ter Form wieder dem Gemisch zugeführt werden und daß das fließfähige Gemisch aus dem Speicherraum druckdicht über eine Förderleitung wegtransportiert wird, oder daß zum Zwecke des Trockentransportes der schüttfähige Abraum bei zum Tunnel über eine zweite Öffnung geöffneten Spei­cherraum zunächst in diesen und von dort mechanisch direkt - ohne Aussondern größerer Teile - über die Öff­nung in den Tunnel transportiert wird.1.Procedure for tunneling in different geological formations, namely non-stable, rolling soils below the groundwater table, whereby the face is constantly subjected to the necessary back pressure by a medium such as water and / or a thixotropic liquid when driving forward or air during breaks in the tunneling, for example for repair purposes and is mined in each case by means of a mining tool located in front of the printing plate with the formation of overburden, the mixture of overburden in the medium located in the chamber formed between the face and the printing plate being conveyed away and the mining space from the tunnel that has already been driven in a pressure-tight manner via the printing plate can be sealed off, characterized in that either for the purpose of liquid transport with a pressure-tightly sealed off pressure plate, the water and / or the thixotropic liquid-containing flowable mixture preferably mechanically in a direction of advance behind de m arranged in the pressure shield, communicating with the chamber via a first opening and pressure-tightly separated from the tunnel already driven for the compressed air that transports from there the mixture the larger parts, such as stones, foreign bodies or the like, and the separated larger parts are mechanically comminuted and returned to the mixture in comminuted form and that the flowable mixture is transported away from the storage space in a pressure-tight manner via a conveying line, or for the purpose of dry transport the pourable overburden in the case of the storage space opened to the tunnel via a second opening is first transported into the tunnel and from there mechanically directly - without rejecting larger parts - through the opening into the tunnel. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß das fließfähige Gemisch von der Tunnelsohle des Abbauraumes bzw. der Sohle der Kam­mer mechanisch in den Speicherraum gefördert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flowable mixture is mechanically conveyed into the storage space from the tunnel sole of the mining space or the sole of the chamber. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß das fließfähige Gemisch zum Teil im Flüssigtransport direkt aus dem Kammer wegge­fördert wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flowable mixture is partially transported away directly from the chamber in liquid transport. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die größe­ren Teile durch Sieben ausgesondert werden.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the larger parts are separated out by sieving. 5. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Tun­nelvortrieb, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, mit einem Druckschild, mit einem in Vortriebsrichtung davor angebrachten Abbauwerkzeug und mit einer Förder­leitung für das fließfähige Gemisch, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß in Vortriebsrichtung hinter dem Druckschild ein von dem schon vorgetriebenen Tunnel druckdicht abgeschotteter Speicherraum angeordnet ist, der mit der Kammer kommunizierend über eine Öffnung in dem Druckschild verbunden ist, daß zwischen dem Ab­bauwerkzeug und dem Druckschild das aufnahmeseitige Ende eines mechanischen ersten Förderers angeordnet ist, der durch die erste Öffnung im Druckschild hindurchgeführt ist und mit seinem austragsseitigen Ende bis in den Spei­cherraum reicht, daß in dem Speicherraum unter dem aus­tragsseitigen Ende ein Grobsieb für die größeren Teile in dem Gemisch über einem Auffangbehälter für den Sieb­durchgang angeordnet ist, daß an dem Auffangbehälter eine Förderleitung zum Flüssigtransport des Gemischs angeord­net ist, die druckdicht aus dem Speicherraum zu dem schon vorgetriebenen Tunnel herausgeführt ist, daß dem Grobsieb ein Steinbrecher für das Siebgut zugeordnet ist, der an die Förderleitung angeschlossen ist, und daß der Speicherraum über eine durch eine Abschlußtür verschlos­sene zweite Öffnung zum Tunnel hin geöffnet werden kann.5. Apparatus for performing the method of tunneling, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 4, with a pressure plate, with a removal tool attached in front of it in the direction of advance and with a delivery line for the flowable mixture, characterized in that one of in the direction of advance behind the pressure plate the tunnel, which has already been driven, is arranged in a pressure-tight, sealed-off storage space, which communicates with the chamber via an opening is connected in the printing plate that between the removal tool and the printing plate the receiving-side end of a mechanical first conveyor is arranged, which is led through the first opening in the printing plate and extends with its discharge-side end into the storage space, that in the storage space under the discharge-side At the end a coarse sieve for the larger parts in the mixture is arranged above a collecting container for the sieve passage, that a conveying line for liquid transport of the mixture is arranged on the collecting container, which is led out pressure-tight from the storage space to the tunnel that has already been driven, that the coarse sieve is a stone crusher for the screenings, which is connected to the conveyor line, and that the storage space can be opened to the tunnel via a second opening closed by a closing door. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß das aufnahmeseitige Ende des ersten Förderers bis nahe zu der Sohle der Kammer reicht.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the receiving end of the first conveyor extends close to the bottom of the chamber. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der erste Förderer eine Förderschnecke, ein Gurtförderer oder ein Ketten- oder Kettenkratzförderer ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first conveyor is a screw conveyor, a belt conveyor or a chain or chain scraper conveyor. 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Grob­sieb schräg angeordnet ist und seitlich bis über den Auf­fangbehälter reicht.8. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the coarse sieve is arranged obliquely and extends laterally over the collecting container. 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß unterhalb des seitlichen Endes des Grobsiebes der Auffangbehälter des Steinbrechers angeordnet ist.9. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that below the collecting container of the stone crusher is arranged on the lateral end of the coarse sieve. 10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die zweite Öffnung bei offener Abschlußtür ein mechanischer zweiter Förderer bis unter das austragsseitige Ende des ersten Forderers einschiebbar ist.10. Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that a mechanical second conveyor can be inserted through the second opening with the end door open below the discharge end of the first conveyor. 11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Abbau­werkzeug mit mehreren strahlenförmig von der Mitte aus­gehenden, eine kegelförmige Fläche aufspannenden Bohr­werkzeugen versehen ist.11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the removal tool is provided with a plurality of drilling tools radiating from the center, spanning a conical surface. 12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Bohrarme kippbar sowie auswechselbar an dem Bohrkorb angeordnet sind.12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the drilling arms are tiltable and interchangeable on the drill cage. 13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 12, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß zwi­schen den Bohrarmen mechanish, hydraulisch und/oder pneumatisch (in Vortriebrichtung vor- und zurück- sowie anstellbar) verstellbare Stützplatten angeordnet sind.13. The device according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that between the drilling arms mechanically, hydraulically and / or pneumatically (in the drive direction back and forth and adjustable) adjustable support plates are arranged. 14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 13,da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Öffnung mittels eines mechanisch, hydraulisch oder pneu­matisch betätigbaren Schiebers abschottbar ist.14. Device according to one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the first opening can be sealed off by means of a mechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated slide. 15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 14, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spei­cherraum mit der ersten Öffnung in dem Druckschild über eine Rohr verbunden ist, in welchem der erste Förderer verläuft.15. The device according to one of claims 5 to 14, characterized in that the storage space is connected to the first opening in the printing plate via a tube in which the first conveyor runs.
EP87890173A 1986-07-10 1987-07-15 Method for tunnel driving and device for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime EP0299133B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863623283 DE3623283A1 (en) 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 METHOD FOR TUNNEL DRIVING AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

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EP0299133A1 true EP0299133A1 (en) 1989-01-18
EP0299133B1 EP0299133B1 (en) 1992-09-02

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AT (1) ATE80203T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3623283A1 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2258481A (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-10 Cogema Mining an underground deposit
EP0672820A1 (en) * 1994-03-17 1995-09-20 Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann Method for substituting supporting liquid by compressed air and hydro-shield for carrying out the method

Families Citing this family (2)

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DE4439865C2 (en) * 1994-11-08 1997-07-31 Alp Westf Berg & Tunneltechnik Conveyor device for a shield tunneling machine
DE19534814A1 (en) * 1995-09-20 1997-03-27 Wirth Co Kg Masch Bohr Tunnel boring machine

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GB1026298A (en) * 1964-11-26 1966-04-14 Demag Ag Tunnelling machine
FR1538551A (en) * 1967-07-26 1968-09-06 Improvements to drilling machines for tunnels, undergrounds, or the like
DE2327816A1 (en) * 1973-06-01 1974-12-12 Bade & Co Gmbh DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SOIL REMOVAL FROM THE PRESSURE CHAMBER OF A TUNNEL DRIVE SIGN
DE3330735A1 (en) * 1983-08-26 1985-03-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart PACKAGING CUTTING FOR PACKAGING CONTAINERS
DE3428431A1 (en) * 1984-08-01 1986-02-13 Carl Baas GmbH & Co KG, 8882 Lauingen Apparatus with a driving shoe having an annular housing
DE3514563A1 (en) * 1985-04-23 1986-10-30 Strabag Bau-AG, 5000 Köln Tunnel-driving machine
DE8521622U1 (en) * 1985-07-26 1985-09-12 Schweitzer, Karl-Friedrich, 4006 Erkrath Device for creating tunnels or tunnels in water-containing flowing soils with coarse grain by means of shield driving
DE8530392U1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1986-10-16 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen Shield tunneling machine with device for a liquid support of the working face as well as with coarse rock extraction device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2258481A (en) * 1991-08-08 1993-02-10 Cogema Mining an underground deposit
GB2258481B (en) * 1991-08-08 1995-06-07 Cogema A method for working an underground deposit by means of a tunneling machine
EP0672820A1 (en) * 1994-03-17 1995-09-20 Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann Method for substituting supporting liquid by compressed air and hydro-shield for carrying out the method

Also Published As

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ATE80203T1 (en) 1992-09-15
ES2033934T3 (en) 1993-04-01
DE3623283C2 (en) 1991-10-24
EP0299133B1 (en) 1992-09-02
DE3623283A1 (en) 1988-01-28

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