EP0298832B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen durch Hämmern eines Wellenrohres und seine Anwendung bei Rohren der Automobilindustrie - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen durch Hämmern eines Wellenrohres und seine Anwendung bei Rohren der Automobilindustrie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0298832B1
EP0298832B1 EP88401657A EP88401657A EP0298832B1 EP 0298832 B1 EP0298832 B1 EP 0298832B1 EP 88401657 A EP88401657 A EP 88401657A EP 88401657 A EP88401657 A EP 88401657A EP 0298832 B1 EP0298832 B1 EP 0298832B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
tube
bolt
shaping
hammer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88401657A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0298832A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Haldric
Pascal Feucht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch Automotive Steering Vendome SAS
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Nacam SA
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Publication of EP0298832A1 publication Critical patent/EP0298832A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D15/00—Corrugating tubes
    • B21D15/04—Corrugating tubes transversely, e.g. helically
    • B21D15/06—Corrugating tubes transversely, e.g. helically annularly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the manufacture of wave tubes and, more particularly, the shaping of such a tube by hammering.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method and a device for shaping by hammering a tube to give it a wave configuration of such a tube for the automotive industry for example.
  • a device as described in the preamble of claim 1 is known from the prior art, for example from document FR-A-2 176 707.
  • wave tubes whether their cross section is circular or not and whether these waves are helical or not, are used in different sectors of industry.
  • tubes which have a certain flexibility, both axial and transverse, to absorb differences in alignment or expansion of tubular conduits subjected to thermal or mechanical stresses, for example vibration.
  • Such tubes make it possible to compensate for longitudinal expansions and / or to take account of axial alignment faults between different pipes situated on either side of the wave tube section.
  • Another application for the automotive sector consists in using it to absorb the energy developed by the driver thrown forward during a relatively violent frontal collision; the driver, by a shock in return, comes to strike the steering wheel and the latter risks causing significant thoracic lesions if he cannot be erased, at least partially, under the impact of the driver.
  • Such wave tubes are located immediately behind the steering wheel, between it and the dashboard, or after the latter between two rigid sections of the upper part of the steering column. , placed between the fixing of the column to the dashboard and the steering box.
  • a commonly used solution for manufacturing a wave tube consists in deforming such a tube under the action of high hydraulic pressure; we perform what is usually called in the art a hydroprocessing.
  • An oil pressure is developed inside the tube and, possibly, combined with an axial thrust, to deform the tube against a female part which has imprints of the waves to be obtained.
  • all the waves thus obtained approach each other so as to allow a thickness of the metal of the walls of the waves to be kept practically constant.
  • the movement of each external female part which bears the imprint of a wave is controlled mechanically or hydraulically.
  • Such a manufacturing technique is not without its drawbacks; in fact, it requires a very complex specific machine, and such a machine allows only a few waves to be formed at each operating cycle of the machine. A pressure developed by oil is used and it is difficult subsequently to remove the residual oil which remains inside the wave tube thus obtained. In addition, the wave profile must be very progressive to obtain good results.
  • the tube to be shaped is placed between wheels and mandrel whose indentations mesh with one another in the manner of pinion teeth, thus deforming the tube which progresses in a single axial translation with the mandrel through the crown of cogwheels to the exclusion of any rotation that would be harmful.
  • Another technique consists in deforming the tube by hammering. This is obtained using hammers driven by reciprocating radial movements relative to the axis of the tube, which are applied periodically with more or less brutality on the outer periphery of the tube so as to obtain a constriction. This technique makes it possible to obtain local reductions in diameter, dishes, successions of necks. Sometimes, in certain cases, so that the tube does not collapse under the forces developed by the various hammers, it may be desirable to have therein a core whose profile corresponds to that of the configuration to be given to the tube; this is, for example, practiced to manufacture fluted tubes using a complementary fluted core. To implement this technique, equidistant hammers are used, arranged at the periphery of the tube to be shaped, which are successively periodically moved alternately, for example using rollers which circulate in a cage somewhat like a roller bearing.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy most of the drawbacks of "hydraforming" by using a technique which uses conventional and no longer special machines but by using a particular tool implemented from a special way.
  • the device which is the subject of the present invention is defined by the combination of the characteristics according to claim 1.
  • the subject of the invention is also a method for shaping by hammering a tube to give it a conformation with transverse undulations, which method is defined by the combination of the characteristics according to claim 19.
  • FIG. 1A shows obtaining a constriction
  • FIG. 1B obtaining a local diameter shrinkage
  • FIG. 1C shows, in diagrammatic transverse view, the manner in which the hammers are driven to shape a tube by hammering.
  • hammers 50 act on a tube 100 in which, if necessary, a core 53 of suitable shape can be engaged whose profile of the imprint corresponds to the configuration to be obtained.
  • the hammers approach or move away periodically, simultaneously or in turn, from the tube to be shaped under the action of rollers 52 which move in a cage 51.
  • the invention aims to use a machine of this type by equipping it with the device according to the invention to make it suitable for manufacturing by hammering wave tubes.
  • the device according to the invention it is sometimes necessary to use a support for the tube, preferably placed inside of it.
  • the invention uses a conventional machine by adding to it according to the invention an eclipsable device so as to be able to place it in the workpiece and to be able to extract the finished shaping therefrom.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a first embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the device for shaping by hammering a tube 100 to give it a wave conformation 110 (FIG. 4) using at least one hammer 50 movable radially with respect to the axis 101 of the tube to be shaped comprises a mandrel 10 which has a hollow body 11 with which is associated at least one arm 12 which carries on its surface 13 a partial imprint 14 whose profile 15 corresponds to that of the wave to be obtained.
  • This mandrel is intended to cooperate with the tube and it is movable radially between a retracted position to allow the establishment and extraction of the tube and a deployed position to allow hammering of the tube.
  • the retracted position is shown in FIG. 2A and in broken lines in FIG.
  • This device also comprises a lock 20, preferably full, which cooperates with the mandrel 10; this lock is axially movable between a first position to allow the mandrel to occupy its retracted position and a second position to allow the mandrel to occupy its deployed position, as will be understood later.
  • the arm 12 is integral with the body and has an inherent elasticity which naturally tends to urge the mandrel towards one of its two positions and preferably towards its retracted position, as illustrated in FIG. 2A.
  • the lock 20 carries a cam 26 and the mandrel 10 a cam follower 16 cooperating with the cam of the lock.
  • the cam 26 comprises a cone 261 followed by a cylinder 262 of revolution; the cam follower 16 is preferably of circular and conical cross section in the retracted or cylindrical position 162 in the deployed position of the mandrel 10.
  • the arm 12 carries on its surface 13 a partial imprint 14 whose profile corresponds to that of the wave to be obtained on the tube.
  • Fig. 2A illustrates this first embodiment in the disassembled position, outside the tube.
  • Fig. 2B shows, in solid lines, the device according to the invention in its deployed position ready to support the tube 100 to be hammered and in broken lines in its retracted position allowing the assembly of the assembly in the machine; this view is a section along the offset plane identified in FIG. 2C.
  • Fig. 2C is a cross section illustrating the latch in its second position and the mandrel in its deployed position.
  • the tube to be shaped is therefore supported internally and can be struck in the usual way using hammers which have been provided with impressions 54 of complementary profile, as illustrated.
  • the number of arms is not critical, in the illustrated embodiment there are shown six.
  • one or more hammers strike and radially deform the tube on the profile in the impression.
  • the lock After forming and returning the hammers to a position radially distant from the axis of the tube, the lock is returned from its second to its first position; this allows the impressions to retreat centripetally due to the inherent elasticity of the arms of the mandrel which carry them. It can therefore be seen that the mandrel then spontaneously returns to its retracted position; when the mandrel occupies this position, it is possible to separate the tube from it since the imprints are released from the waves shaped on the tube.
  • FIG. 3 In which an improvement of the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • this second improved embodiment is as follows: The tube 100 to be formed is slid over the first mandrel 10 whose arms 12 are deployed by the latch 20 which occupies its second position. The second mandrel 10 ′ is put in place by translation in the first mandrel 10, or vice versa, and the latch continues its translation so as to cause the arms 12 ′ of the second mandrel to expand, which thus fill the gaps left vacant by the arms of the first mandrel, as indicated previously and illustrated in FIGS. 3B and 3C.
  • the hammers strike the tube and the distort on the waveforms, as indicated above.
  • the hammer, tube and device assembly are rotated relative to each other.
  • the lock 20 is made to slide axially which, during its movement, passes from its second position to its first position, which makes it possible to successively release each of the mandrels 10 ′, 10 which, as indicated, have arms 12 ′, 12 which have an inherent elasticity which tends to urge them towards their retracted position.
  • the wave tube thus formed is released from the device by operating in the reverse order to what was done at the start of the process.
  • the tube can then be removed manually or ejected by the recoil from the mandrel; or one can also grasp the tube thus obtained using a robot or an automaton.
  • the thickness of the tube wave can be varied locally by giving the imprints the appropriate profiles. This makes it possible to refine the configuration of the wave profile obtained to give the tube thus fashioned the desired mechanical characteristics, for example so that it satisfies well defined conditions of radial and / or axial behavior as a function of the displacements which it undergoes.
  • these are the vertices 111 of the waves which are locally thinned.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain a large number of profiles and in particular to produce non-circular waves or any other profile which is known to be made by hammering, for example hexagonal waves. You can also get helical waves.
  • the prints form an integral part of, or are attached to, the arms and / or hammers.
  • the choice of materials from which they are made depends on the dimensions and the nature, for example steel, of the tube to be worked. Tubes with a wall thickness of between 0.1 and 10 mm can be formed, for example, by adapting the equipment and tools accordingly. Thanks to the invention, it is easy to shape, for example steel tubes, the outside diameter of which is on the order of 60 mm and the thickness on the order of 2 mm, and to form waves over a length which can, at less, reach twice the diameter for example.
  • the invention provides significant economic advantages since the cost of producing a tube obtained according to the invention is less than that resulting from hydraforming; indeed the work is faster by hammering and the tooling is of a lower cost price. In addition, it is no longer necessary to degrease the shaped tube to rid it of traces of hydroprocessing oil.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain wave tubes which are particularly suitable for automotive technical applications; these wave tubes are especially suitable for the upper part of automobile steering columns that can be deformed in the event of impact, either directly at the time of a collision or immediately after the impact of the driver striking the steering wheel.
  • the applications are not limited to the automotive sector alone and are also suitable, for example, for pipelines when it comes to taking into account alignment faults or dilations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Formen von transversalen Wellen auf der zylindrischen Wand eines Rohrs (100) mit Hilfe eines segmentierten Mandrins (10), der transversale Wellen aufweist, auf welchem das Rohr (100) angeordnet ist, sowie Expansionseinrichtungen zum Aufweiten des Mandrins, die die Anordnung des Rohrs (100) auf dem Mandrin (10) während der Formung sicherstellen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formung durch Hämmern mit Hilfe wenigstens eines Hammers (50) erfolgt, der mit einer Prägung (54) mit komplementärem Profil versehen und radial bezogen auf die Achse (101) des Rohrs (100) bewegbar ist, und daß der Mandrin (10) einen Hohlkörper (11) umfaßt,welchem wenigstens ein Arm (12) zugeordnet ist, der auf seiner Oberfläche (13) eine teilweise umlaufende Prägung (14) aufweist:
    - deren Querschitt dem eines Umfangsbogens der zu erhaltenden Welle entspricht,
    - deren Längsprofil (15) dem der gesuchten transversalen Wellen entspricht,
    - und die dazu bestimmt ist, mit dem Rohr (100) zusammenzuwirken;
    wobei die Aufweiteinrichtung des Mandrins (10) diesem ermöglicht, radial zwischen einer eingezogenen Stellung zum Einbringen in und zum Herausziehen des Rohrs (100) und einer ausgefahrenen Stellung zum Ermöglichen des Formens des Rohrs durch Hämmern radial beweglich zu sein; daß die Aufweiteinrichtung durch einen vorzugsweise massiven Bolzen (20) gebildet ist, der mit dem Mandrin (10) zusammenwirkt und der axial zwischen einer ersten Stellung beweglich ist, in der der Mandrin seine eingezogene Stellung einnehmen kann, und einer zweiten Stellung bewegbar ist, in welcher er den Mandrin in seiner ausgefahrenen Stellung während jeder Formungsoperation festhält und daß jeder Hammer (50), das Rohr (100) und das Ensemble Mandrin (10) - Bolzen (20) zu relativen Rotationen um die gemeinsame Achse angeregt werden.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arm (12) einstückig mit dem Körper (11) verbunden ist und eine inhärente Elastizität aufweist , die dazu tendiert, den Mandrin (10) in eine seiner Positionen vorzuspannen.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die inhärente Elastizität den Mandrin in seine eingezogene Stellung vorspannt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mandrin (10), wenn er von seiner eingezogenen Position in seine ausgefahrene Position bewegt wird, eine radiale zentrifugale Expansion erfährt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bolzen (20) eine Kurvenfläche (26) und der Mandrin (10) eine Gegenkurvenfläche (16) aufweist, die mit der Kurvenfläche (26) des Bolzens (20) zusammenwirkt und daß der Bolzen (20) axial beweglich ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gegenkurvenfläche (16) ein Zylinder (162) mit konstantem kreisförmigen Querschnitt in der ausgefahrenen Stellung des Mandrins ist und daß die Kurvenfläche (26) ein Konus (261) gefolgt von einem Rotationszylinder (262) ist und daß sich der Bolzen (20) im Mandrin (10) verschiebt.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen zweiten Mandrin (10') umfaßt, der einen Körper (11) mit wenigstens einem zugeordneten Arm (12') aufweist, welcher auf seiner Oberfläche (13) eine Teilprägung (14') mit einem Profil (15) aufweist, und daß die Arme und Prägungen eines Mandrins wenigstens im ausgefahrenen Zustand zwischen denen des anderen Mandrins versetzt eingreifen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mandrine (10, 10') koaxial angeordnet sind und daß jeder Körper mit seinen Armen (12, 12') und Prägungen (14, 14') Kopf bei Fuß relativ zueinander orientiert sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bolzen (20) bei seiner Verschiebung aus der ersten in die zweite Position und umgekehrt sukzessive das In-Stellung-Bringen des Mandrins (10, 10') in seiner ausgefahrenen Stellung und die Blockierung des Mandrins (10, 10') in dieser ausgefahrenen Stellung herbeiführt.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hammer (50) eine Prägung (54) aufweist, deren Profil (55) komplementär zu den anderen Profilen (15, 15') ausgebildet ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prägungen (14, 14'; 54) zusammengesetzt sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prägungen (14, 14'; 54) wenigstens für einige Prägungen integrale Bestandteile des Tragteils sind.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profile (15, 15'; 55) der zusammenwirkenden Prägungen (14, 14'; 54) des Mandrins (10, 10') und des Hammers (50) so ausgewählt sind, daß sie lokal die Dicke des Rohrs (100) des fertigbearbeiteten Rohrs verändern.
  14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die komplementären Profile (15, 15'; 55) so ausgewählt sind, daß sie die Dicke wenigstens eines Gipfels (111) der Welle (110) des Rohrs (100) verändern.
  15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Prägung (14, 14') von der Außenfläche (13, 13') des Arms (12, 12') des Mandrins (10, 10') getragen wird.
  16. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Profil (15, 15'; 55) einer Ziehharmonikafaltung entspricht.
  17. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Profil (15, 15'; 55) schraubenförmig ist.
  18. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (100) mit transversalen Wellen ein Stahlrohr für die Lenkung eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist.
  19. Verfahren zum Formen durch Hämmern eines Wellrohrs (100) mit Querwellen mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:
    - das Rohr (100) wird aufgeschoben und in Stellung gebracht auf dem Mandrin (10) in der eingezogenen Stellung, wobei sich der mit dem Mandrin zusammenwirkende Bolzen (20) in einer ersten axialen Position befindet;
    - der radial bewegliche Mandrin wird durch den Bolzen (20), der in eine zweite axiale Stellung verschoben wird, in seine ausgefahrene Stellung verbracht;
    - der Hammer (50) wird in Gang gesetzt, um das Rohr gegen die Prägung (14) anzulegen und ihm die transversalen Wellen aufzuprägen, wobei der Hammer das Rohr und das Ensemble Mandrin - Bolzen relativ zueinander um die gemeinsame Achse gegebenfalls verdreht werden ;
    - der Bolzen (20) wird in seine erste axiale Position zurückgezogen, was dazu führt, daß der Mandrin (10) seine eingezogene Position einnimmt und
    - das geformte Rohr (100) wird vom Mandrin (10) abgenommen.
  20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine relative axiale Verschiebung des Mandrins (10) bezogen auf das Rohr (100) in dessen Innerem stattfindet.
EP88401657A 1987-07-02 1988-06-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen durch Hämmern eines Wellenrohres und seine Anwendung bei Rohren der Automobilindustrie Expired - Lifetime EP0298832B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8709408 1987-07-02
FR8709408A FR2617415B1 (fr) 1987-07-02 1987-07-02 Procede et dispositif pour le faconnage par martelage d'un tube a ondes et son application a des tubes pour l'industrie automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0298832A1 EP0298832A1 (de) 1989-01-11
EP0298832B1 true EP0298832B1 (de) 1992-09-16

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EP88401657A Expired - Lifetime EP0298832B1 (de) 1987-07-02 1988-06-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formen durch Hämmern eines Wellenrohres und seine Anwendung bei Rohren der Automobilindustrie

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US (1) US4852380A (de)
EP (1) EP0298832B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3874636T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2034314T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2617415B1 (de)

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EP1344707A2 (de) 2002-03-14 2003-09-17 ThyssenKrupp Presta AG Lenkspindel einer Lenksäule für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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US8333099B2 (en) * 2009-12-21 2012-12-18 Han-Ching Huang Method for making a tube of a telescopic device
TWI400599B (zh) * 2010-08-05 2013-07-01 Asia Vital Components Co Ltd Radiative fin manufacturing method
CN102861804B (zh) * 2012-09-07 2015-06-17 南充市长远铝业有限公司 铝圆管加强筋滚压工艺及装置
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CN104088046B (zh) * 2014-07-24 2016-08-24 吴江市纺织科技中心有限公司 一种胀轴纱锭
CN106623502B (zh) * 2017-02-22 2018-11-09 马兴涛 一种波纹管管口修复工具
CN116329352B (zh) * 2023-05-22 2023-10-31 南京晨光东螺波纹管有限公司 一种波纹管自动液压成型装置及成型方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1344707A2 (de) 2002-03-14 2003-09-17 ThyssenKrupp Presta AG Lenkspindel einer Lenksäule für ein Kraftfahrzeug
EP1344708A2 (de) 2002-03-14 2003-09-17 ThyssenKrupp Presta AG Lenkspindel einer Lenksäule für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2617415A1 (fr) 1989-01-06
DE3874636D1 (de) 1992-10-22
DE3874636T2 (de) 1993-03-04
EP0298832A1 (de) 1989-01-11
FR2617415B1 (fr) 1991-08-09
ES2034314T3 (es) 1993-04-01
US4852380A (en) 1989-08-01

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