EP3570989B1 - Vorrichtung zum stanzen durch magnetisches formen und zugehöriges verfahren - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum stanzen durch magnetisches formen und zugehöriges verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3570989B1
EP3570989B1 EP18700764.6A EP18700764A EP3570989B1 EP 3570989 B1 EP3570989 B1 EP 3570989B1 EP 18700764 A EP18700764 A EP 18700764A EP 3570989 B1 EP3570989 B1 EP 3570989B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
punch
stamping
magnetic field
generating
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EP18700764.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3570989A1 (de
Inventor
Gilles Avrillaud
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ADM28 SARL
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ADM28 SARL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/21—Deep-drawing without fixing the border of the blank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of forming, more particularly of stamping.
  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for stamping blanks by magnetic pulse for producing stamped parts, in particular so-called deep-drawn parts.
  • stamping is a very often chosen method, because it is robust and well mastered.
  • Stamping is commonly used in industry, in particular in the automobile industry, in particular to form covering panels, such as a hood or a door of a motor vehicle, because of the high permissible production rates.
  • Stamping is a forming process consisting in obtaining by plastic deformation of a blank, under the action of pressure, a part of more or less complex shape.
  • the stamping device for implementing this method is essentially composed of a die and a punch of quasi-complementary shape, between which the blank is positioned.
  • the shape is obtained by driving the blank under the action of the punch in the die.
  • the movement of the blank is generally controlled by a blank holder, imposing a retaining pressure on it, with the aim of reducing the appearance of folds or tears on the final stamped part.
  • the choice of the clamping force to be applied to the blank holder proves to be difficult. If the clamp force is too high, the folds are removed but the risk of tearing is high. If the clamp force is too low, the risk of creasing is high.
  • the hydroforming process In this process, the blanks are shaped by the action of a pressurized fluid.
  • the associated hydroforming device consists of a hermetically closed enclosure formed in two parts, including a hollow mold having an imprint complementary to the shape of the part that is to be obtained.
  • the blank is placed inside the enclosure. Hydraulic pressure is exerted on it, pressing it against the mold cavity.
  • the fluid can be pressurized in various ways.
  • the electro-hydroforming process called the EHF process (Anglo-Saxon Electro Hydraulic Forming).
  • melt forming processes such as the superplastic forming process, known as the SPF process (from Anglo-Saxon Superplastic Forming). This process is based on the ability of certain alloys, for example titanium, to withstand significant deformation. These alloys, hereinafter called superplastic alloys, can reach elongations sometimes exceeding 1000% under certain temperature, pressure and deformation conditions, while conventional alloys generally only deform on the order of 20%.
  • SPF process from Anglo-Saxon Superplastic Forming
  • the associated SPF forming device consists of a hermetically closed enclosure formed in two parts, including a hollow mold having an imprint complementary to the final external geometry of the part that is to be obtained.
  • the blank is placed inside the enclosure and held fixedly between the two parts.
  • a pressurized gas is injected in the enclosure and presses the blank, by deforming it, against the imprint.
  • the pressure and the temperature, of the order of 900 ° C. for titanium alloys, must be perfectly controlled.
  • stamping devices and methods implementing means for generating a magnetic field for example as disclosed in the document.
  • WO 2005/091954 A2 are also known.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to remedy all or part of the limitations of the solutions of the prior art, in particular those described above, by proposing a solution which makes it possible to obtain stamped parts, and in particular deep-drawn parts. .
  • blank denotes a thin plate, in particular made of a metallic material.
  • a plate is said to be thin when one of its dimensions is markedly smaller than the other two, typically by at least one order of magnitude.
  • the anvil is opposite the first face, and the means for generating a magnetic field are opposite a second face, opposite the first face.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field are remote from said second face.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field are intended for and configured to give the blank a pressure in the direction of the anvil, in a direction ZZ '.
  • This pressure projects the blank, in particular the part of the blank facing the anvil, against the anvil.
  • the pressure exerted comes to partially press the blank against the anvil, causing a deformation of said blank.
  • the stamping device further comprises displacement means arranged to move the punch, relative to the means for generating a magnetic field, in a direction Z'Z, opposite to the direction ZZ '.
  • the punch is advantageously moved in translation.
  • the punch and the anvil are preferably made of a metallic material to contain the high pressures generated by the means for generating a magnetic field.
  • the blank is intended to conform to the shape of the punch to form the final stamped part.
  • the stamping device according to the invention differs from conventional stamping devices in that the stamping is not carried out by the punch itself, but by the means for generating a magnetic field.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field are used differently from the conventional framework of a magneto-forming process which forms the entire blank at one time.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field are arranged so as to generate magnetic pulses only on part of the blank.
  • the relative translational movement of the punch with respect to the generating means makes it possible to move the zone of the blank which will be affected by the magnetic pulses.
  • Such a device thus advantageously makes it possible to work mainly in compression but also in expansion.
  • stamping device is thus particularly suitable for producing stamped parts, in particular deep-drawn parts, without generating folds or tears in the part.
  • magnetoforming can bring, such as obtaining radii of curvature of less than 2mm, fine engravings, or tight tolerances, as well as the avoidance of cracking. of the material in areas of high elongation, especially for aluminum.
  • the invention also meets the following characteristics, implemented separately or in each of their technically operative combinations.
  • the displacement means comprise a linear actuator.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field comprises at least one coil.
  • the stamping device comprises adjustment means configured to adjust the space between the anvil and the means for generating a magnetic field.
  • the stamping device comprises a blank holder configured to impose a retaining pressure on the movement of the blank, against the punch.
  • synchronized is meant that the steps are carried out either successively, one after the other, or simultaneously.
  • the blank is positioned in the stamping device such that the blank rests only on the bearing surface of the punch.
  • a magnetic pulse is generated by the generating means, exerting, on the one hand, an axial pressure on the blank in the direction of the anvil, pressing said blank on said anvil, and on the other hand, radial pressure on the blank in the direction of the punch, pressing said blank on said punch.
  • the axial pressure projects part of the blank against the anvil.
  • the radial pressure projects another part of the blank against the punch.
  • This double pressure, axial and radial advantageously makes it possible both to deform the blank and to press it against the punch, making it conform to the shape of the latter.
  • a stamping device 10 as illustrated in the figures 1 to 4 , is intended for the stamping of blanks 50, with a view to producing stamped parts, in particular deep-drawn parts.
  • the blanks 50 are made of a metallic material, such as steel.
  • the blank 50 has a first face 51 and a second face 52, opposite the first.
  • the stamping device 10 is suitable for making buckets.
  • bucket is understood to mean a stamped part having a hollow cylindrical shape.
  • the stamping device 10 comprises a first frame 20 and a second frame 30.
  • the first frame 20 may represent an upper part of the stamping device and the second frame 30 a lower part, as illustrated in the figures.
  • the first frame 20 can represent a lower part, left or right, of the stamping device and the second frame 30, respectively an upper, right or left part.
  • the first frame 20 carries a punch 21, preferably central.
  • Said punch has a bearing face 211 and side walls 212.
  • the punch is in the form of a cylindrical body, preferably solid.
  • the blank 50 is intended to conform to the shape of an external surface of the punch 21.
  • the punch 21 has, at said outer surface, an indentation corresponding to the shape of the finished part, once stamped.
  • the punch 21 is movable in translation, along a vertical axis, by means of displacement means 23 capable of moving the punch between a retracted position and a deployed position.
  • the punch 21 is shown in the deployed position.
  • the displacement means 23 are actuated manually or automatically.
  • the displacement means 23 comprise at least one linear, hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, such as a jack operating between the first frame 20 and the punch 21.
  • the fixed part of the linear actuator - for example the cylinder body - is housed in a recess (not shown) made in the first frame 20.
  • the movable part of the linear actuator for example the piston of the cylinder, is able to move outside of the recess to deploy the punch 21 and able to move towards the recess to return the punch 21 to its initial position.
  • the movement of the punch 21 is controlled by control means.
  • the displacement means 23 are in the form of a support carrying a thrust screw able to cooperate with the punch 21 to move it in translation.
  • the first frame 20 further comprises an anvil 22.
  • Said anvil is arranged around the side walls 212 of the punch 21, when said punch is in its retracted position.
  • the anvil and the punch are spaced from each other by a predetermined distance.
  • the anvil 22 when the punch 21 is in the form of a cylindrical body, the anvil 22 has a shape in the form of an annular body surrounding the punch.
  • the anvil 22 may form the first frame 20.
  • the punch, at its bearing surface, and the anvil, at a free end 221, are at different heights.
  • the second frame 30 comprises a hollow body defining an open cavity 33.
  • the hollow body is formed of an upper part 31 and side flanks 32.
  • the free ends 321 of the lateral flanks 32 of the hollow body of the second frame are substantially opposite the free end of the anvil 22.
  • the hollow body and the punch 21 have dimensions such that the punch 21 can move freely in the open cavity 33 with, between their respective surfaces, a not insignificant play for the passage of the blank 50, in its thickness.
  • the open cavity 33 has a shape in the form of an annular body surrounding the punch.
  • the outer surface of the punch 21 and the inner wall of the hollow cavity 33 are of quasi-complementary shape, up to the thickness of the final stamped part and of an operating clearance.
  • the second frame 30 further comprises means for generating a magnetic field 34.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field 34 are arranged, at the level of the free ends 321 of the lateral flanks 32 of the hollow body, facing the anvil 22.
  • the punch 21 is positioned so that its bearing face 211, in a retracted or intermediate position, is intended to receive a central part of the first face 51 of the blank 50.
  • the blank 50 rests on the bearing surface of the blank. punch.
  • the anvil is positioned facing the first face 51 of the blank 50, at a peripheral part of said blank and the means for generating a magnetic field 34 are positioned facing the second face 52 of the blank, also at the level of the peripheral part of said blank.
  • the first face 51 of the blank is disposed at a distance from the free end 221 of the anvil 22.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field 34 are configured for and intended to create a magnetic field concentrated in a limited space and over a very short period.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field 34 are thus suitable and intended to impart to the blank 50 a pressure in the direction of the anvil 22, according to a direction ZZ '.
  • the pressure exerted partially presses the blank against the anvil 22, causing said blank to deform.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field 34 are a coil.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field preferably form an integral part of an assembly which further comprises an electrical energy storage unit and one or more switches (not shown).
  • the electrical energy storage unit is configured for and intended to store moderate energy, for example of the order of a few kilojoules to a few tens of kilojoules (kJ).
  • the storage unit is a discharge capacitor bank.
  • the first frame 20, the second frame 30, the anvil 22 and the punch 21 are preferably made of a metallic material, for example steel, in order to present a structural resistance making it possible to contain the high pressures generated by the impact of the blank. 50 on the anvil 22, during the stamping process which will be described later.
  • the stamping device 10 comprises adjustment means (not shown) arranged to move the anvil 22 vertically, in translation. Such means make it possible to reduce or increase the space e separating the anvil from the means for generating a magnetic field 34.
  • the dimensioning of the space e depends in particular on the material and on the geometric shape of the punch, thus than the pulse of the current. The dimensioning of the space e is maximized so as to reduce the number of discharges and consequently the forming time.
  • the adjustment means are a linear, hydraulic or pneumatic actuator.
  • the stamping device 10 comprises a blank holder 60.
  • the blank holder is housed in the open cavity 33. It is configured to exert pressure between the blank 50 and the punch 21, when said blank is in position on the punch. The adjustment of this pressure will condition the swallowing of the blank during its shaping.
  • the blank holder is held pressed against the second surface 52 of the blank 50 by compression means 61.
  • the compression means are a spring or a linear, hydraulic or pneumatic actuator, such as a jack, operating between the blank holder and an internal surface 311 of the second frame 30.
  • the blank 50 is cut, to the desired dimensions (length and width, or diameter, and thickness), from a sheet.
  • step a the blank 50 is positioned in the stamping device 10.
  • the blank 50 of substantially flat shape, is positioned between the first frame 20 and the second frame 30, as illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the blank 50 is disposed on the one hand at its central part on the punch 21.
  • the blank 50 is arranged so that its first face 51 comes to bear against the bearing face 211. of the punch.
  • the stamping device comprises a blank holder 60
  • the blank 50 is held in abutment against the bearing face 211 of the punch 21 by said blank holder.
  • the blank 50 is disposed on the other hand, at its peripheral part, between the means for generating a magnetic field 34 and the anvil 22.
  • the first face 51 of the blank is arranged facing the anvil 22, at distance from it.
  • the second face 52 of the blank is placed opposite the means for generating a magnetic field 34.
  • the blank bears against the bearing face 211 of the punch 21.
  • the blank does not bear against the anvil 22.
  • the punch 21 when the blank 50 has been deposited on the punch, the punch 21 is moved, from its retracted position, in translation in the Z'Z direction, to shift the blank 50 so that the second face 52 of said blank, at the peripheral part of the blank, is placed in close proximity, for example of the order of a millimeter, to the means of generation of a magnetic field 34.
  • the method then comprises a second step, called step b), of deformation of the blank 50 by magnetoforming.
  • the ends of the blank 50, located near the means for generating a magnetic field 34, are subjected to a magnetic field coming from the means for generating a magnetic field 34 so that an axial pressure is exerted against the second face 52 of the blank 50, and presses said blank closely against the anvil 22.
  • the arrow illustrated on the figure 2 represents the axial pressure exerted on the blank 50.
  • the blank 50 deforms accordingly to come to rest against the anvil 22.
  • the means for generating a magnetic field 34 progressively deforms the peripheral part of the blank 50 so as to obtain a first stamping of depth P1, less than a depth P of the desired final stamping.
  • the blank 50 is deformed and has a first stamping.
  • step c the punch 21 is moved.
  • the punch 21 is translated by the displacement means 23, in the direction Z'Z, so as to cause the blank 50 in its displacement, moving the peripheral part of the blank 50 away from the anvil 22, as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the movement of the punch 21, and therefore that of the blank 50, is carried out in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the blank 50 during step b).
  • the punch 21 is moved in the Z'Z direction by a sufficient height for the second face 52 of the blank 50 to return to close proximity to the means for generating a magnetic field. 34.
  • the relative displacement of the punch 21 with respect to the means for generating a magnetic field 34 and to the anvil 22 is carried out incrementally.
  • the relative movement of the punch with respect to the means for generating a magnetic field and to the anvil is carried out continuously.
  • the shaping of the blank 50 by the means for generating a magnetic field 34 can be considered as instantaneous with respect to the movement of the punch. Indeed, the duration of movement of the punch is generally very slow (of the order of a second) compared to the duration of the magnetic pulse generated by the means for generating a magnetic field 34 (of the order of the micro second).
  • the second and third steps are carried out simultaneously without modifying the result of said steps.
  • steps b) and c) are reproduced sequentially.
  • Steps b) and c) are repeated until the depth P of the final stamped part that is to be obtained is obtained.
  • said means for generating a magnetic field 34 advantageously exert an axial pressure on the blank 50 in the direction of the anvil 22 , coming to press said blank on said anvil.
  • Said means for generating a magnetic field 34 also exert radial pressure on the blank 50 in the direction of the punch 21, pressing said blank on said punch. This radial pressure of the blank 50 against the punch 21 advantageously allows said blank to perfectly match the shape of the outer surface of the punch 21.
  • steps b) and c) depends in particular on the material constituting the blank, on the desired depth of the stamped part.
  • the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above by way of nonlimiting examples and to the variants. evoked. It also relates to the variant embodiments within the reach of those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention achieves the objectives which it had set for itself.
  • it provides a stamping device suitable for producing stamped parts, in particular deep-drawn parts, without generating folds or tears in the part.
  • Such a stamping device and the associated stamping process make it possible to work the part mainly in compression but also in expansion.
  • the invention advantageously makes it possible to produce flanged edges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Printers Characterized By Their Purpose (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10) eines Rohlings (50) zur Herstellung eines Stanzteils, Folgendes beinhaltend:
    - einen Stempel (21), der eine Anlagefläche (211) beinhaltet,
    - einen Amboss (22),
    - Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34),
    wobei die Vorrichtung zum Stanzen in einer Anfangsposition derart konfiguriert ist, dass:
    - die Anlagefläche (211) des Stempels (21) dazu bestimmt ist, einen Teil einer ersten Fläche (51) des Rohlings (50) aufzunehmen,
    - der Amboss (22) und die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) dazu bestimmt sind, beiderseits eines anderen Teils des Rohlings (50) angeordnet zu werden,
    wobei der Amboss (22) gegenüber der ersten Fläche (51) ist, und die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) gegenüber einer zweiten Fläche (52), entgegengesetzt zur ersten Fläche, auf Abstand zur zweiten Fläche sind,
    wobei die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) dazu bestimmt, und konfiguriert sind, um an den Rohling (50) einen Druck in Richtung des Ambosses, in einer Richtung ZZ', der den Rohling an den Amboss presst, anzulegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zum Stanzen Verschiebemittel (23) beinhaltet, die angeordnet sind, um den Stempel (21) in Bezug auf die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) in einer entgegengesetzten Richtung zur Richtung ZZ' zu verschieben, und dadurch, dass die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) dazu bestimmt, und konfiguriert sind, um an den Rohling (50) einen radialen Druck in Richtung des Stempels anzulegen, der den Rohling an den Stempel presst.
  2. Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verschiebemittel (23) einen Linearantrieb beinhalten.
  3. Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, die Einstellmittel beinhaltet, die konfiguriert sind, um den Raum zwischen dem Amboss (22) und den Mitteln zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) anzupassen.
  4. Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, einen Niederhalter (60) beinhaltend, der konfiguriert ist, um der Bewegung des Rohlings gegen den Stempel (21) einen Haltedruck aufzuerlegen.
  5. Verfahren zum Stanzen durch Magnetimpuls eines Rohlings (50) zur Herstellung eines Stanzteils aus einer Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, die folgenden Schritte beinhaltend:
    a) Positionieren des Rohlings (50) in der Vorrichtung zum Stanzen (10),
    b) Unterwerfen des Rohlings einem Magnetfeld, das durch die Mittel zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes (34) derart hervorgerufen wird, dass ein Druck auf die zweite Fläche (52) des Rohlings (50) in einer Richtung ZZ' ausgeübt, und der Rohling an den Amboss (22) gepresst wird,
    c) Verschieben des Stempels (21) durch die Verschiebemittel in eine Richtung entgegengesetzt zur Richtung ZZ',
    wobei die Schritte b) und c) bis zum Erhalt der gewünschten Form für das fertige Stanzteil wiederholt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit zunehmender Verschiebung des Stempels (21) ein radialer Druck auf den Rohling (50) in Richtung des Stempels ausgeübt wird, der den Rohling an den Stempel presst.
EP18700764.6A 2017-01-18 2018-01-17 Vorrichtung zum stanzen durch magnetisches formen und zugehöriges verfahren Active EP3570989B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1750370A FR3061863B1 (fr) 2017-01-18 2017-01-18 Dispositif d’emboutissage par magneto-formage et procede associe
PCT/EP2018/051134 WO2018134271A1 (fr) 2017-01-18 2018-01-17 Dispositif d'emboutissage par magnéto-formage et procédé associé

Publications (2)

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EP3570989A1 EP3570989A1 (de) 2019-11-27
EP3570989B1 true EP3570989B1 (de) 2021-03-10

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US (1) US20190374992A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3570989B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2020514066A (de)
CN (1) CN110177632B (de)
FR (1) FR3061863B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2018134271A1 (de)

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CN114789551B (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-09 天津市奥联特钢结构安装工程有限公司 塑钢风道法兰加工装置及加工方法

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FR3061863A1 (fr) 2018-07-20
CN110177632A (zh) 2019-08-27
EP3570989A1 (de) 2019-11-27
US20190374992A1 (en) 2019-12-12
FR3061863B1 (fr) 2019-05-24
CN110177632B (zh) 2021-10-08
WO2018134271A1 (fr) 2018-07-26
JP2020514066A (ja) 2020-05-21

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