EP0298027B1 - Outil à main - Google Patents

Outil à main Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0298027B1
EP0298027B1 EP88810406A EP88810406A EP0298027B1 EP 0298027 B1 EP0298027 B1 EP 0298027B1 EP 88810406 A EP88810406 A EP 88810406A EP 88810406 A EP88810406 A EP 88810406A EP 0298027 B1 EP0298027 B1 EP 0298027B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking
elements
locking sleeve
tool
control elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88810406A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0298027A3 (en
EP0298027A2 (fr
Inventor
Uto Plank
Anton Neumaier
Erwin Manschitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Priority to AT88810406T priority Critical patent/ATE82180T1/de
Publication of EP0298027A2 publication Critical patent/EP0298027A2/fr
Publication of EP0298027A3 publication Critical patent/EP0298027A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0298027B1 publication Critical patent/EP0298027B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/08—Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks allowing axial oscillation of the tool bit
    • B25D17/084—Rotating chucks or sockets
    • B25D17/088—Rotating chucks or sockets with radial movable locking elements co-operating with bit shafts specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/003—Details relating to chucks with radially movable locking elements
    • B25D2217/0038—Locking members of special shape
    • B25D2217/0042—Ball-shaped locking members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/003—Details relating to chucks with radially movable locking elements
    • B25D2217/0038—Locking members of special shape
    • B25D2217/0049—Roll-shaped locking members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D2217/003—Details relating to chucks with radially movable locking elements
    • B25D2217/0053—Devices for securing the tool retainer to the machine part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/221—Sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10S279/904—Quick change socket
    • Y10S279/905—Quick change socket with ball detent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17—Socket type
    • Y10T279/17042—Lost motion
    • Y10T279/17076—Spreading elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00—Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/21—Chucks or sockets with measuring, indicating or control means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/16—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor
    • Y10T408/165—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with control means energized in response to activator stimulated by condition sensor to control Tool rotation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hand-held device with a tool holder, which is detachably connected to an output spindle of the device via adjusting bodies which can be displaced radially by a rotatable adjusting ring, and a receiving body has openings for locking elements which serve to hold tools by engaging in corresponding recesses. has, wherein the locking elements are radially displaceable by means of a rotatable or displaceable locking sleeve.
  • Such a tool system is known for example from FR-A-2 349 413, in which the insertion end has two closed groove-shaped recesses and three groove-shaped recesses open towards the rear end. While the open groove-shaped recesses are used solely for rotational driving, two locking elements are provided for the closed groove-shaped recesses, which can be moved radially together by actuating a locking sleeve. The tool is axially secured by jointly engaging these two locking elements in the closed groove-shaped recesses of the insertion end.
  • DE-OS 33 10 371 shows an example of a quick lock between the tool holder and the output spindle of the device, in that, depending on the type of tools used, a tool holder for inserting large or small diameters can be locked on the output spindle. This probably creates an interface between the tool holder and the output spindle of the device, which on the one hand brings structural advantages, but on the other hand has the disadvantage that data transfer from the tool to the device cannot overcome this interface.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a hand-held device with an easily exchangeable tool holder, and despite this exchange possibility, the utilization of information is ensured at least within the tool holder.
  • the object is achieved in that the receiving body has control elements mounted in openings and radially displaceable by the locking sleeve, which allow the locking sleeve to be rotated and displaced relative to the receiving body for actuating the locking elements when the control elements are immersed in recesses in a system-compatible tool and in the case of tools not suitable for the system, such immersion of the control elements is excluded.
  • the arrangement of the control element proposed according to the invention in combination with the known type of tool locking has the advantage that only tools which are matched to the corresponding tool holder can be used in a system-compatible manner and thus it is ensured that the tool and hand-held device form the correct system unit in terms of performance. If an attempt is made to use a tool which is not system-related and which, for example, has no cutout for a control element, this can be locked, but prevents the system-related information from being used by the control element.
  • control elements can be designed, for example, as balls, which are mounted radially in corresponding openings in the receiving body. In a known manner, these openings are preferably narrowed towards the receiving bore so that the control elements do not fall out when the tool is not inserted.
  • control elements there are basically different possible variations in the arrangement of the control elements.
  • one or more control elements can be used distributed over the circumference, it also being possible to provide one or more control elements one behind the other along the tool holding axis.
  • there is a large number of coding possibilities so that tools of different types and different working diameters can be provided with correspondingly coded information.
  • control elements and the locking elements preferably have a radial extension which exceeds the wall of the receiving body, so that there is the possibility of using the bearing wall of the locking sleeve mounted on the receiving body as a control contour for the immersion of control elements and locking elements.
  • the radial extent of the control elements can vary compared to the locking elements.
  • a smaller radial extension of the control elements is advantageous, which means that the recesses provided for this purpose in the tools are smaller than the recesses for the locking elements. This prevents unnecessary weakening of the tool insertion ends.
  • alternative niches are preferably provided on the locking sleeve. Either separate escape niches can be provided for each element or it can, for the purpose of construction Simplification, a common alternative niche for the controls and the locking elements can be provided.
  • escape niches are expediently in the actuating direction of the locking sleeve in front of the bearing wall of the locking sleeve, which is designed as a control contour.
  • the escape niches thus connect axially and in the case of a rotatable locking sleeve in the circumferential direction to the bearing wall of the locking sleeve which is designed as a control contour.
  • an alternative niche serving both the locking elements and the control elements leads to substantial structural simplifications, in particular in the case of an axially displaceable locking sleeve, since in such a case the alternative niches can be produced, for example, as a recess with a larger diameter.
  • the alternative niches for the locking elements are advantageously arranged in the actuating direction of the locking sleeve in front of the alternative niches for the control elements. Furthermore, the limiting shoulder of the alternative niches for the locking elements is expediently arranged in front of the limiting shoulder of the alternative niches for the control elements in the actuating direction of the locking sleeve. This arrangement ensures that when the locking sleeve is actuated, the locking elements are inserted into the tool-side recesses before the locking sleeve acts on the control elements. This ensures that tools can be locked without recesses for control elements, but that use of the system-related information is excluded.
  • the locking sleeve is preferably axially displaceable relative to the receiving body.
  • the locking sleeve has driver elements for engaging opposing driver elements on the adjusting ring when the locking sleeve is in their immersion of the locking elements and controls is in the alternative niche position.
  • This mutual engagement of the driving elements allows the adjusting ring to be rotated for the purpose of changing the tool holder without separate auxiliary tools.
  • the driver elements are designed, for example, as claw teeth.
  • a spring means is provided which drives the locking sleeve into its position which engages the locking elements and control elements into the recesses on the tool.
  • the locking of the tools is simplified in terms of handling, in that the locking sleeve must be displaced against the force of the spring means in order to remove the tools, while the locking of the tools is carried out automatically by the spring means which reset the locking sleeve.
  • signal transmitters which cooperate with sensors are provided on the device housing and on the locking sleeve and are activated when the locking sleeve is in its position which engages the locking elements and control elements in the recesses on the tool.
  • a magnetic ring for example, which interacts inductively with sensors, is suitable as a signal transmitter. The latter emit electrical signals for setting corresponding operating data.
  • the magnetic ring expediently interacts with a sensor when a tool provided for coding purposes with recesses for the control elements is locked in the receptacle.
  • the signal transmitter because of the different position, does not get the locking sleeve into the effective range of the sensor and consequently there is no output of a signal controlling operating data.
  • the tool is consequently operated with the operating data of the hand-held device that are specified as standard.
  • an interface is created between the output spindle of the device and the tool holder, which is suitable for transmitting data from the tool to the device.
  • Such a possibility consists, for example, in that sensors are provided on the device in different positions and the signal transmitters are arranged on the locking sleeve of the respective tool holders in such a different way that a signal transmitter of a tool holder is assigned to a specific sensor when the locking sleeve is in its final position located, ie when both locking elements and control elements are indented in the corresponding alternative niches on the tool.
  • FIG. 1 the front area of a rotationally driven output spindle 1 and the front area of a device housing 2 are shown of the hand-held device designed as a hammer drill.
  • the output spindle 1 is mounted in the device housing via a rotary bearing 3.
  • a striking striker 4 is arranged displaceably in a central bore 1 a of the output spindle 1. The latter is acted upon by a percussion mechanism drive, not shown, which is known per se.
  • a tool holder 5 sits on the output spindle 1.
  • This consists of a sleeve-shaped receiving body 6 which is plugged onto the output spindle 1.
  • Roller-shaped actuating bodies 7 fix the receiving body 6 in a rotationally locking and axial manner with respect to the output spindle 1.
  • the actuating bodies 7 protrude into through openings 6a, 1b in the receiving body 6 or in the output spindle 1, which are held in this position by an adjusting ring 8.
  • the collar 8 has hint of evasive niches 8a for the actuating bodies 7, which can be brought into alignment with the actuating bodies 7 by turning the adjusting ring 8.
  • the actuating bodies 7 can then escape to the outside from the passage openings 1b, as a result of which the tool holder 5 can be pulled off the output spindle 1.
  • the receiving body 6 also has at least one opening 6b for a roller-shaped locking element 9, and at least one further opening 6c for a control element 11 in the form of a ball.
  • a locking sleeve 12 is slidably mounted on the receiving body 6.
  • An actuating sleeve 13 is fixedly connected to the locking sleeve 12.
  • a compression spring 14 drives the locking sleeve 12 with the actuating sleeve 13 against a support ring 15 on the receiving body 6.
  • a magnetic ring 16 inserted into the actuating sleeve 13 lies above one in the device housing 2 arranged sensor 17.
  • Axially spaced from the sensor 17, a further sensor 18 is provided in the device housing 2.
  • the insertion shaft 19 of a drilling tool projects into the axial bore 6d of the receiving body 6.
  • the insertion shaft 19 has a groove-shaped recess 19a into which the locking element 9 is immersed.
  • the insertion shaft 19 also has a further recess 19b, which serves to immerse the control element 11.
  • the locking element 9 and the control element 11 are held in this engaged position by the bearing wall 12f of the locking sleeve 12 serving as the control contour.
  • the locking element 9 and the control element 11 must disengage radially, for which purpose the locking sleeve 12 is brought into alignment with the locking elements 9 and the control element 11 by displacement against the force of the compression spring 14 with escape niches 12a, 12b.
  • the escape niches 12a, 12b have inclined limiting shoulders 12c, 12d which, when the locking sleeve 12 is reset in the actuating direction, cause the locking element 9 and the control element 11 to be engaged.
  • the locking sleeve 12 and the adjusting ring 8 have mutually facing entrainment elements in the form of claw teeth 12e and 8b.
  • the locking sleeve 12 is displaced until the claw teeth 12e, 8b engage one another and then rotated.
  • the adjusting ring 8 is also rotated, so that the escape niches 8a come into congruence with the adjusting bodies 7, as a result of which they can yield radially.
  • the tool holder 5 is also suitable for insertion shanks of the same dimension, but which do not have a recess 19b for immersing the control element 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows the use of such an insertion shaft 19.
  • the control element 11 lies against the cylindrical surface of the insertion shaft 19 and thus projects beyond the wall of the receiving body 6 to the outside.
  • the locking sleeve 12 driven in the actuating direction runs with the limiting shoulder 12d on the control element 11 and thus remains at an axial distance from the support ring 15.
  • the magnetic ring 16 is in a neutral position between the sensors 17, 18. While in the position according to FIG.
  • the magnetic ring 16 in the sensor 17 inductively generates signals for setting necessary operating data, it occurs in the position according to FIG 2 not for generating signals.
  • the hammer drill consequently provides tools that do not have a recess 19b for a control element 11 with standardized, predetermined operating data, that is to say a fixedly predetermined speed and impact power.
  • a plurality of sensors can be seen in connection with a plurality of recesses 19b and control elements 11.
  • a tool holder 31 matched to this diameter which can be seen in FIG. 3, is provided. This is in the same way as that in Fig. 1 and 2 shown tool holder 5 connected to the hammer drill.
  • the parts of the rotary hammer are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2. Since the tool holder 31 essentially corresponds to the tool holder 5 in design and function, detailed explanations of the function are unnecessary.
  • the tool holder 31 has a holder body 32, which in turn is fixed on the output spindle 1 by means of adjusting bodies 33.
  • the openings 33a are used to accommodate the adjusting bodies 33 in the receiving body 32.
  • An adjusting ring 34 takes over the radial support of the adjusting bodies 33.
  • the adjusting ring 34 has escape niches 34a for the adjusting bodies 33.
  • claw teeth 34b are provided on the adjusting ring 34.
  • the receiving body 32 is penetrated by openings 32b, 32c.
  • a locking element 35 and a control element 36 are mounted in these.
  • a locking sleeve 37 which is displaceable on the receiving body 32, has escape niches 37a, 37b with limiting shoulders 37c, 37d.
  • the end face of the locking sleeve 37 which points against the actuating direction has claw teeth 37e.
  • An actuating sleeve 38 is fixedly connected to the locking sleeve 37.
  • a compression spring 39 drives the locking sleeve 37 with the actuating sleeve 38 against a support ring 41 seated in the receiving body 32.
  • the actuating sleeve 38 has a magnetic ring 42 on the inside, which in the position shown with the sensor 18 Generation of signals interacts inductively.
  • the tool holder 31 there is an insertion shank 43 with a smaller diameter than the insertion shank 19 according to FIG. 1, 2.
  • the insertion shaft 43 has recesses 43a, 43b into which the locking element 35 and the control element 36 are immersed and are held by the bearing wall 37f of the locking sleeve 37 which serves as a control contour.
  • signals are generated in the sensor 18 which are used to set operating data suitable for the tool will.
  • the limiting shoulder 37d is supported on the disengaged control element 36 analogously to FIG. 2.
  • the magnetic ring 42 consequently comes to lie behind the sensor 18 against the direction of actuation, so that no signals are generated.
  • the hammer drill thus acts on this tool with fixed operating data.

Claims (8)

  1. Outil à main, comprenant un raccordement d'outil (5, 31) qui, par l'intermédiaire de corps de réglage (7, 33) déplaçables dans le sens radial au moyen d'une bague de réglage (8, 34) tournante, est couplé de manière amovible avec une broche de sortie (1) de l'appareil et présente dans un corps de réception (6, 32) des ajours (6b, 32b) pour des éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) destinés à assurer la fixation d'outils (19, 43) par l'engagement dans des évidements (19a, 43a) adéquats, les éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) pouvant être déplacés radialement au moyen d'une douille de verrouillage (12, 37) tournante ou déplaçable, caractérisé en ce que le corps de réception (6, 32) comprend des éléments de commande (11, 36) montés dans des ajours (6c, 32c) et déplaçables dans le sens radial par la douille de verrouillage (12, 37), qui permettent une rotation et un déplacement de ladite douille de verrouillage (12, 37) par rapport au corps de réception (6, 32) pour actionner les éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) lorsque les éléments de commande (11, 36) sont engagés dans des évidements (19b, 43b) d'un outil (19, 43) conforme au système, un tel engagement des éléments de commande (11, 36) étant impossible avec des outils (19, 43) non conformes au système.
  2. Outil à main selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) est montée sur le corps de réception (6, 32) et que la paroi d'appui (12f) constitue le contour de commande pour l'engagement des éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) et des éléments de commande (11, 36) dans les évidements respectifs (19a, 43a; 19b, 43b).
  3. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) comporte des niches d'évitement (12a, 37a; 12b, 37b) pour l'engagement des éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) et des éléments de commande (11, 36) dans la position de découplage.
  4. Outil à main selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les niches d'évitement (12a, 37a) pour les éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) sont disposées, dans la direction de manoeuvre de la douille de verrouillage (12, 37), en avant des niches d'évitement (12b, 37b) pour les éléments de commande (11, 36).
  5. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de verrouillage (12, 37) peuvent être déplacés axialement par rapport au corps de réception (6, 32).
  6. Outil à main selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) comprend des éléments d'entraînement (12e, 37e) pour la mise en prise avec des éléments d'entraînement (8b, 34b) diamétralement opposés sur la bague de réglage (8, 34) lorsque la bague de verrouillage (12, 37) se trouve dans sa position permettant un engagement des éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) et des éléments de commande (11, 36) dans les niches d'évitement (12a, 37a; 12b, 37b).
  7. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ressort (14, 39) qui pousse la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) dans sa position dans laquelle les éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) et les éléments de commande (11, 36) sont engagés dans les évidements (19a, 43a; 19b, 43b) sur l'outil (19, 43).
  8. Outil à main selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que sur le carter (2) de l'appareil et sur la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) sont prévus des transmetteurs de signaux (16) qui coopèrent avec des détecteurs (17, 18) et sont activés lorsque la douille de verrouillage (12, 37) se trouve dans sa position dans laquelle les éléments de verrouillage (9, 35) et les éléments de commande (11, 36) sont engagés dans les évidements (19a, 43a; 19b, 43b) sur l'outil (19, 43).
EP88810406A 1987-07-01 1988-06-14 Outil à main Expired - Lifetime EP0298027B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88810406T ATE82180T1 (de) 1987-07-01 1988-06-14 Handgeraet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3721771 1987-07-01
DE19873721771 DE3721771A1 (de) 1987-07-01 1987-07-01 Handgeraet

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0298027A2 EP0298027A2 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0298027A3 EP0298027A3 (en) 1990-02-07
EP0298027B1 true EP0298027B1 (fr) 1992-11-11

Family

ID=6330706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810406A Expired - Lifetime EP0298027B1 (fr) 1987-07-01 1988-06-14 Outil à main

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4878679A (fr)
EP (1) EP0298027B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6420980A (fr)
AT (1) ATE82180T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU592505B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1310179C (fr)
DE (2) DE3721771A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK362788A (fr)
ES (1) ES2035947T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI882853A (fr)
MX (1) MX169528B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA884559B (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA884559B (en) 1989-03-29
FI882853A (fi) 1989-01-02
CA1310179C (fr) 1992-11-17
DE3721771A1 (de) 1989-01-12
EP0298027A3 (en) 1990-02-07
FI882853A0 (fi) 1988-06-15
AU592505B2 (en) 1990-01-11
DE3875818D1 (de) 1992-12-17
ES2035947T3 (es) 1993-05-01
US4878679A (en) 1989-11-07
AU1857288A (en) 1989-01-05
DK362788A (da) 1989-01-02
MX169528B (es) 1993-07-09
ATE82180T1 (de) 1992-11-15
EP0298027A2 (fr) 1989-01-04
DK362788D0 (da) 1988-06-30
JPS6420980A (en) 1989-01-24

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