EP0294571B1 - Procédé et appareil pour aligner des fibres - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour aligner des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294571B1
EP0294571B1 EP88106463A EP88106463A EP0294571B1 EP 0294571 B1 EP0294571 B1 EP 0294571B1 EP 88106463 A EP88106463 A EP 88106463A EP 88106463 A EP88106463 A EP 88106463A EP 0294571 B1 EP0294571 B1 EP 0294571B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
clamping
raw material
feed means
fleece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88106463A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0294571A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Beat Völlm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siegfried Peyer AG
Original Assignee
Siegfried Peyer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siegfried Peyer AG filed Critical Siegfried Peyer AG
Publication of EP0294571A1 publication Critical patent/EP0294571A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0294571B1 publication Critical patent/EP0294571B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G25/00—Lap-forming devices not integral with machines specified above
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/46—Doffing or like arrangements for removing fibres from carding elements; Web-dividing apparatus; Condensers
    • D01G15/64—Drafting or twisting apparatus associated with doffing arrangements or with web-dividing apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for aligning fibers, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the field of application of the invention lies in the treatment of textile raw material, from which nonwovens with parallelized and hook-free fibers are formed. These nonwovens can be used in various ways, two of which are particularly mentioned.
  • samples are taken from these nonwovens which are used for a fiber length measurement.
  • the fibers of these samples are end-classified in a device and transferred to a measuring base, on which the fiber length is measured in a further device and the stack diagram, ie the representation of the entirety of the fibers, sorted according to the fiber length, is determined automatically.
  • nonwovens can be produced in the spinning mill with larger dimensioned machines, which means that necessary work steps can be saved in the usual spinning mill preparation.
  • machines for flake feeding, flake dissolving (carding / carding) and two line passages can be dispensed with.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, achieves the object of further developing a method of the type described at the outset so that the production of nonwovens with parallelized and check-free fibers can be produced entirely by machine.
  • the nonwoven fabric formed from the stacked fiber tufts is fed with the side having the dissolved and parallelized fibers first to the same processing to dissolve and parallelize the tangled fibers on the other side of the fiber tufts and to duplicate the fiber tufts to the nonwoven.
  • the invention also encompasses an apparatus for aligning fibers present in a textile raw material in a tangled arrangement to form a non-woven fabric having parallelized and check-free fibers, the task of which is to optimally carry out the method according to the invention.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 6.
  • 1 is the raw material, e.g. Cotton flakes, wool hair and the like., With which the device is fed continuously or intermittently.
  • the raw material 1 is first fed into a pre-stretching unit 6 formed from two pairs of rollers 2, 3 and 4.
  • the fibers of the raw material 1 are pre-oriented by a relatively small distortion approx. 1, 2 or 3 times.
  • the pre-drafting unit 6 can be designed as a conventional construction with an adjustable spacing between the roller pairs 2, 3 and 4, 5.
  • pre-stretching unit 6 with a constant distance between the roller pairs 2, 3 and 4, 5 and to make the pre-stretching independent of the fiber length by skillfully distributing the forces on the roller pairs.
  • the fiber material does not move continuously in the pre-drafting unit 6, but is in synchronism with the movement of a feed unit 7 arranged downstream of the pre-drafting unit 6, the feed unit being carried out in small steps.
  • the feed unit 7 is composed of two belt drives 8, 9, the roller 10 on the output side of which is considerably smaller than the roller 11 on the input side.
  • the feed of the belt drives 8, 9, which takes place in small steps, is symbolized by a series of small arrows 12.
  • the raw material 1 is again warped.
  • the distance between the pair of rollers 11, 10 of the feed unit 7 must be at least the length of the longest individual fibers that are to be processed with the device, because the fiber tufts must cover the entire max. Retained length when undressing.
  • the fibers are held between the belts 13 of the belt drives 8, 9 and moved to the exit side of the belt drives 8, 9. The holding force may only be so great that the fibers can be pulled out without damage.
  • the belts 19 of the pull-out device 16 run continuously.
  • the speed of the belts 19 must be chosen so high that the longest individual fibers that are to be processed with the device can be completely pulled out within one step of the feed unit 7.
  • the pinch rollers 14, 15 thus pull out a fine fiber beard.
  • This drawn-out fiber beard still has many tangled fibers on the front - viewed in the direction of movement - while on the back the fibers are loosened, parallelized and largely free of hooks.
  • the pull-out device 16 now brings the drawn-out mustaches to a suction drum 20.
  • the size and direction of the peripheral speed of the suction drum 20 corresponds to that Extraction speed of the extraction device 16. Air is sucked into the interior of the drum through a porous surface of the suction drum 20. As a result, the beards stick to the outside of the drum. The constantly new fiber beards gradually cover the entire circumference of the drum. The whiskers get caught in the suction air, creating a uniform fleece. If the fleece is sufficiently compact, ie all the beards are connected, the suction drum is stopped. The fleece is interrupted with a separating device and removed from the suction drum. This fleece, which is referred to as an intermediate fleece, has only tangled fibers in one direction.
  • the intermediate fleece detached from the suction drum 20 and designated by an arrow 21 is now coated with the back, i.e. with the dissolved fibers first, fed into another device which, like the device described above, is composed of a pre-drafting unit 6, a feed unit 7, a pull-out device 16 and a suction drum 20.
  • the intermediate fleece 21 can be fed backwards into the same device. In both cases, the still tangled fibers are pulled out and thus dissolved and parallelized.
  • a fleece suitable for further processing can now be removed from the suction drum 20, for example for the end arrangement in a fiber straightening device, see Patent No. 670,836.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 can be changed in various ways without losing its function, i.e. the purely mechanical formation of a fleece with parallelized and unchecked fibers is changed. It is thus possible to drive the feed unit 7 continuously. Further changes are shown in FIG. 2.
  • a series of short arrows 12 means a discontinuous feed, while longer individual arrows 22 mean a continuous feed.
  • the pre-stretch value 6, which is practically only used in one embodiment, is followed by the feed unit 7, which can be designed as a continuous feed unit 23 or as a discontinuous feed unit 24 or as a reciprocating pliers 25.
  • the feed unit 7 which can be designed as a continuous feed unit 23 or as a discontinuous feed unit 24 or as a reciprocating pliers 25.
  • the raw material is fed continuously or discontinuously.
  • a larger number of designs can be provided for the pull-out device 16.
  • roller pairs 30, 31; 32, 33; 34, 35 and 36, 37 or pliers 38 are used instead of the belt drives 17, 18 or belt drives 26, 27 or 28, 29 used in FIG. 1, roller pairs 30, 31; 32, 33; 34, 35 and 36, 37 or pliers 38 are used.
  • the pair of rollers 30, 31 and the belt drives 17, 18 run continuously, while the pair of rollers 32, 33 is driven discontinuously.
  • the pair of rollers 34, 35 runs continuously. However, since the smaller roller 35 is periodically lifted off the larger roller 34, the raw material is removed discontinuously here. The same also applies to the pair of rollers 36, 37.
  • the larger roller 36 has a sector with a smaller radius, within which there is no contact with the small roller 37.
  • the operation of the belt drives 26, 27 is discontinuous. The raw material is only taken along when clamping strips 39 arranged on the outside of the strips meet.
  • the feed of the raw material is also discontinuous. This can be used to combine a feed unit 7 with a continuous or discontinuous feed. Practically all of the variants shown in FIG. 2 can be combined with one another.
  • the suction drum 20 or a conveyor belt 40 is used, by means of which the latter makes it possible to produce fleeces of any length.
  • nonwovens for measurement purposes.
  • the feed unit 6 of the pull-out device 7 and of the conveyor belt 40 for the doubling of the drawn-out fiber tufts, whereby the fibers can also be dissolved and parallelized in a second pass, nonwovens, e.g. for spinning, can be manufactured in a simpler way.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé d'alignement de fibres se trouvant en disposition emmêlée dans un matériau textile brut, et de formation d'une nappe de fibres mises en parallèle et dépourvues d'accrochage, un déplacement vers l'avant étant transmis au matériau brut qui est disposé en forme de bandes, au moyen d'une unité de déplacement vers l'avant, caractérisé en ce que le matériau brut, qui ressort de l'unité d'entraînement vers l'avant est repris en continu ou en séquence rapide par un dispositif de pinçage d'où sont extraites des touffes de fibres avec mise en parallèle des fibres, sur quoi la nappe est formée par dédoublage des touffes de fibres à partir des touffes de fibres extraites qui présentent du côté du pinçage pratiquement la même disposition de fibres que le matériau brut, mais sur le côté opposé des fibres parallèles et dépourvues d'accrochage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le matériau brut est soumis à un étirage préalable avant son avancement vers l'avant et son extraction.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on confère au matériau brut un déplacement vers l'avant constant ou intermittent.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres apparaissant sont étirées avec le dispositif de pinçage à une vitesse plus grande que celle du déplacement vers l'avant.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la nappe formée des touffes de fibres dédoublées est à nouveau concuite à une unité de déplacement vers l'avant avec vers l'avant le côté opposé au côté de pinçage des touffes individuelles de fibres, ce dispositif d'avancement vers l'avant conférant à la nappe un déplacement vers l'avant, et en ce que le matériau de nappe, qui ressort de l'unité d'avancement vers l'avant, est saisi en continu ou en séquence rapide par un dispositif de pinçage et que des touffes de fibres en sont extraites avec mise en parallèle des fibres pour désemmêler et mettre en parallèle les fibres qui se trouveraient encore éventuellement en position emmêlée sur le côté de pinçage des touffes de fibres, sur quoi une nappe est à nouveau formée à partir des touffes de fibres étirées, par un dédoublement renouvelé des touffes de fibres.
  6. Appareil en vue de l'exécution du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévu un dispositif d'étirement (16) en vue de l'étirement des touffes de fibres, et auquel est associé une unité de déplacement vers l'avant (7) en vue de l'introduction ou matériau brut, qui retient le matériau brut entre des bandes (13) ou une mâchoire (25) pour retenir les fibres lors de leur étirage, et en ce que des moyens de dédoublage (20,40) sont placés en aval du dispositif d'étirage (16).
  7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étirage présente comme moyens de pinçage des fibres une paire de rouleaux de pinçage (14,15) entraînée en continu ou de manière discontinue, dont les rouleaux de pinçage formant l'emplacement de pinçage présentent le même diamètre ou des diamètres différents, reposent l'un contre l'autre par leur périmétre au moins pour une partie du temps et roulent les uns sur les autres (30,31; 32.33; 34,35; 36,37).
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étirement présente comme moyens de pinçage des fibres deux entraînements à bandes coopérant ensemble (22; 26,27; 28,29) avec chacun une bande, un rouleau d'entraînement et un rouleau d'orientation, dont les bandes sont comprimées l'une contre l'autre en permanence ou périodiquement par la paire de rouleaux dirigée du côté de l'unité d'avancement vers l'avant (7).
  9. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les bandes d'entraînement par bandes (26,27) sont équipées sur leur face extérieure de languettes de pinçage (39), qui au voisinage de la paire de rouleaux dirigée du côté de l'unité d'avancement (7) forme une languette de pinçage.
  10. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un des rouleaux (35) de la paire de rouleaux dirigée du côté de l'unité d'avancement (7) peut être comprimée de manière libérable contre l'autre rouleau (34), ce qui permet de former une position de pinçage entre les rouleaux (44, 35).
  11. Appareil selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de pinçage de fibres est réalisé sous la forme d'une mâchoire de pinçage ouvrable (38), avec des moyens permettant son mouvement vers l'avant et vers l'arrière.
  12. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étirement (16) est muni de moyens (14,15) de pinçage des fibres, qui présentent par rapport à la vitesse de l'unité d'avancement vers l'avant (7) une vitesse plus grande.
  13. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de dédoublage (20,24) sont réalisés sous la forme d'un tambour d'aspiration (20), d'un tambour pouvant être chargé de manière életrostatique ou d'une bande d'alimentation (40) présentant une vitesse d'avancement plus petite que celle du dispositif d'étirement (16).
  14. Appareil selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'avancement est formée de deux systèmes d'entraînement à bandes entraînées de manière synchrone (8,9), qui peuvent être entraînées en continu (23) ou en discontinu (24).
  15. Appareil selon l'une des revendication 1 à 33, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'avancement vers l'avant (7) est une mâchoire de pinçage isolable (25) avec moyens de déplacement vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière.
EP88106463A 1987-05-12 1988-04-22 Procédé et appareil pour aligner des fibres Expired - Lifetime EP0294571B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1825/87 1987-05-12
CH1825/87A CH674854A5 (fr) 1987-05-12 1987-05-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294571A1 EP0294571A1 (fr) 1988-12-14
EP0294571B1 true EP0294571B1 (fr) 1992-02-05

Family

ID=4219479

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88106463A Expired - Lifetime EP0294571B1 (fr) 1987-05-12 1988-04-22 Procédé et appareil pour aligner des fibres

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US (1) US4885823A (fr)
EP (1) EP0294571B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH674854A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3868293D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0578955A1 (fr) * 1992-07-15 1994-01-19 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Procédé de préparation d'un enroulement de nappe
CA2146435A1 (fr) * 1992-10-29 1994-05-11 John P. Dismukes Composites et methodes de fabrication
DE4323472C2 (de) * 1993-07-14 1997-08-07 Inst F Textil Und Verfahrenste Doppelriemchen-Streckwerk
CH689127A5 (de) * 1994-02-10 1998-10-15 Zellweger Uster Ag Verfahren zur Messung der Reissfestigkeit von Fasern.
CH693344A5 (de) * 1998-08-28 2003-06-13 Rieter Ag Maschf Fasersortiereinrichtung.
EP1643022B1 (fr) * 2001-04-23 2010-09-01 Autefa Automation GmbH Procédé pour profiler un non-tissé et dispositif de formation de profils
DE102013107793A1 (de) 2013-07-22 2015-01-22 Visiotex GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ledergarns

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709834A (en) * 1951-12-12 1955-06-07 Louis Danenberg Means for making longitudinallystriped extrusions of plasticized material
US2795010A (en) * 1952-04-10 1957-06-11 Joh Jacob Rieter & Co Ltd Means for producing a drawable staple sliver
US2889583A (en) * 1952-06-03 1959-06-09 Lohmann Kg Method and device for superposing of fibre-fleeces
DE1107565B (de) * 1954-03-10 1961-05-25 Curlator Corp Maschine zum Herstellen eines Faservlieses
GB802451A (en) * 1955-06-08 1958-10-08 Tno Improvements relating to the blending of fibrous material to be spun into thread
FR1243942A (fr) * 1959-09-11 1960-10-21 Alsacienne Constr Meca Dispositif d'arrachage de peigneuse rectiligne
JPS4891324A (fr) * 1972-03-03 1973-11-28
GB8319928D0 (en) * 1983-07-25 1983-08-24 Hollingsworth Uk Ltd Treatment of fibrous materials
DE8535078U1 (de) * 1985-12-13 1986-02-06 Bockemühl-Wüllenweber, Horst, 5275 Bergneustadt Kammstuhl

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3868293D1 (de) 1992-03-19
EP0294571A1 (fr) 1988-12-14
CH674854A5 (fr) 1990-07-31
US4885823A (en) 1989-12-12

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