EP0292413B1 - Load compensation device for a maintenance vehicle, and method for effectuating the compensation - Google Patents

Load compensation device for a maintenance vehicle, and method for effectuating the compensation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0292413B1
EP0292413B1 EP88420163A EP88420163A EP0292413B1 EP 0292413 B1 EP0292413 B1 EP 0292413B1 EP 88420163 A EP88420163 A EP 88420163A EP 88420163 A EP88420163 A EP 88420163A EP 0292413 B1 EP0292413 B1 EP 0292413B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
sliding block
jacks
underload
armature
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EP88420163A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0292413A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Leveugle
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Reel SAS
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Reel SAS
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Priority to AT88420163T priority Critical patent/ATE57514T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type
    • F15B15/103—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type using inflatable bodies that contract when fluid pressure is applied, e.g. pneumatic artificial muscles or McKibben-type actuators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to lifting devices and more particularly, although not exclusively, to overhead traveling cranes intended for handling delicate loads.
  • a cable is used, one end of which is wound on a drum, while its opposite end is anchored to the truck of the handling vehicle, said cable passing on the one hand around a Crazy pulley rotatably mounted above the anchor point, and on the other hand around the crazy pulley of a movable hook block to which the load is attached, for example by means of a grapple.
  • a load cell is inserted into the cable associated with means of causing the rotation control of the drum to stop if the cable is subjected to an overload or an underload. The first intervenes if, during its elevation, the load catches an obstacle, while the under-load occurs if the load abuts against an obstacle during its descent.
  • the electrical devices used in connection with the load cell and the winch drive motor have response times that are too long to allow immediate movement of the load to stop, both in the upward and downward directions, so that damage to the load can be witnessed when an incident occurs.
  • the improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy this drawback and to allow the production of a device interposed in the lifting kinematic chain, so that this device keeps the cable tension between two limits corresponding to the values allowed from overload and underload.
  • the invention relates to an improvement to devices, such as those forming the subject of US Pat. No. 3,233,746, enabling the movement of the load to be stopped in the event that the latter encounters an obstacle if the reaction of this load on the latter varies more or less with respect to a threshold.
  • a winch (4) driven by an electric motor (5) and intended for winding a cable (6).
  • One end of this cable is associated with the winch drum (4), while its opposite end is fixed to the carriage (1) by means of a device 7 established in accordance with the invention. From this device, the cable surrounds a mad pulley 8 rotatably mounted relative to a bracket 9 secured to the carriage 1, then it cooperates with a load cell 10.
  • the load 11 is attached to the hook 12a of a movable block 12, the pulley 12b of which is surrounded by the cable 6 before it goes to wind on the winch.
  • the problem posed in a nonlimiting manner in the example illustrated is the handling of the load 11 which must either be extracted or replaced in a row R of loads 11 clamped against each other. It is easily understood that when a load 11 is extracted, an overvoltage occurs, therefore an overload of the cable 6 if said load catches one of the neighbors. On the contrary, when placing a load 11 in a free space of row R, there is an undervoltage or underload of the cable if the load abuts on one of its neighbors or against a any obstacle.
  • the device 7 of fig. 1 solves the problem posed by these incidents.
  • a fixed frame composed of at least two columns 13 with two diameters which determine between them a shoulder 13a.
  • the columns therefore consist of a barrel 13b whose lower end is subject to the carriage 1 and an entry part 13c following the barrel after the shoulder 13a.
  • the free ends of the two parts 13c of the columns 13 are joined by a cross member 14.
  • a slider 15 can slide along the end portions 13c of the columns. It comprises a plate 15a and two sleeves 15b surrounding the columns and intended to limit the stroke of the slide upwards by the stop of their free ends against the cross-member 14. Of course, the second stop of the frame is formed by the shoulders 13a .
  • the whole of the frame and the slide is surrounded by a bell 16 provided with internal tabs 16a arranged so as to be able to cooperate with the underside of the plate 15a of the slide under the conditions which will be better explained below.
  • the bottom of the bell is closed by a bottom 16b comprising perforations traversed with functional clearance by the drums 13vb of the columns 13 to ensure the guiding of said bell.
  • the additional tension causes the slider 15 to be raised by the cleats 16a of the bell 16 which rises firstly as a result of the overload since F has become F1 larger than F, and then because of the modification of the pressure prevailing in 19 which became PU2 less than PU1.
  • the elevation of the bell and the slide allows the tension in the cable to be kept constant during the stopping of the movement taking place in a time which allows the electrical devices to cause the elevation of the load 11 to stop before the slide 15 comes to bear against the cross-member 14.
  • the choice of the pressure PU z means that the time required to stop the winch 4 is less than that corresponding to the displacement under the above conditions of the slide and of the bell 16, from the position of FIG. 2 to the maximum that can be accepted when the slider abuts against the cross-member 14.
  • the pressure P02 sent into the jack 20 is greater than that P01 developed in this jack in the equilibrium position, said pressure P02 being greater than that PU1 prevailing in the jack 19.
  • FIG. 5 there is illustrated in FIG. 5 a final possibility in which, during the normal stop in the low position, the counterweight 17 balances the mass of the entire movable hook block 12 and that of all the accessories so as not to exert a force on the suspended load that we just placed.
  • the counterweight descends in the direction of the bell 16 along the balusters 16c to allow the safety stop thanks to the presence of a detector 40 (fig. 2 to 5).
  • a pressure reducer 35 In the line 23 is inserted a pressure reducer 35. Similarly, a pressure reducer 36 is inserted in the line 24 next to a solenoid valve 37, finally a fourth pressure reducer 38 is placed in the line 25 next to a solenoid valve 39.
  • the pressure regulators are adjusted for particular application at the following pressures: the member 34 to 5.5 bars, that 35 to 2 bars, that 36 to 2.5 bars, and that 38 to 5 bars.
  • the solenoid valve 33 and that 37 are open (the solenoid valve 39 being closed), so that the jacks 19 and 20 are supplied under the pressures PU1 and P01 determined by pressure regulators 34 and 36.
  • the ball rests on its lower seat in the two non-return valves 26. Due to the pressures defined above.
  • the pressure PU1 in the cylinder 19 (5.5 bars) is greater than the pressure P01 in the cylinder 20 (2.5 bars).
  • the latter transmits the information to the electrical cabinet.
  • the latter issues orders causing the solenoid valve 39 to open, so that the jack 20 is supplied with a pressure P02 greater than that of P01 (5 bars instead of 2.5).
  • the ball of the corresponding double valve 26 rises against its upper seat, as shown in broken lines.
  • the supply of the jack 19 it takes place under a pressure PU1 of 5.5 bars, that is to say greater than that supplying the jack 20, since the solenoid valve 33 is open. It will be noted that in all cases, except that specified in which the pressure 20 is zero, the valve 31 is continuously closed.
  • the frame 13-14 of FIGS. 2 to 5 is constituted by an assembly 41 comprising a tubular element 42, closed at its lower end and open at its opposite end. This end is closed by a cover 43.
  • the central passage of the tubular element 42 has two diameters in order to form a shoulder 42a turned towards the cover 43.
  • the latter and the shoulder 42a form abutments similar to those 13a and 14 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 to 5.
  • the bottom 16b of the bell 16 consists of 3 radial arms passing through openings 42b of the tubular element 42. The center of this bottom cooperates with the base 44a of a tubular spacer 44, which bears under the slide 15. We observe that the jack 20 rests on the inner face of the base 44a.
  • the slide 15 has a shape similar to that illustrated in the preceding figures, but it is guided externally by the part with a larger diameter of the internal passage of the tubular element 42. As in FIGS. 2 to 5, it moves under the effect of the movement of the bell 16, and by means of the tubular spacer 44 between the shoulder 42a and the cover 43.
  • the device according to the invention can be applied to overhead traveling cranes provided with a telescopic mast for moving loads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a load compensating device of the type comprising a detector adapted to stop displacement of the load in the event of said load encountering an obstacle and the reaction of this load thereon varying more or less with respect to a threshold, wherein it comprises:-a fixed armature comprising two end stops;-a sliding block adapted to slide in the armature between its end stops;-an outer bell element provided with means adapted to cooperate with the sliding block;-an overload jack disposed between the sliding block and the armature;-an underload jack housed between the sliding block and the outer bell element;-a counterweight to which the cable for handling the load is attached and axially mobile between two limits with respect to the outer bell element;-and an electro-pneumatic circuit for modulated supply of the jacks as a function of the variations in the load.

Description

La présente invention est relative de manière générale aux engins de levage et plus particulièrement, bien que non exclusivement, aux ponts roulants destinés à la manutention de charges délicates.The present invention relates generally to lifting devices and more particularly, although not exclusively, to overhead traveling cranes intended for handling delicate loads.

Dans ce genre d'opération, l'on utilise un câble dont une extrémité s'enroule sur un tambour, tandis que son extrémité opposée est ancrée au chariot de l'engin de manutention, ledit câble passant d'une part autour d'une poulie folle montée à rotation au-dessus du point d'ancrage, et d'autre part autour de la poulie folle d'un moufle mobile à crochet auquel la charge est accrochée, par exemple au moyen d'un grappin. Entre la poulie folle et le moufle, l'on insère dans le câble un peson associé à des moyens de provoquer l'arrêt de la commande de rotation du tambour si le câble est soumis à une surcharge ou à une sous-charge. La première intervient si, lors de son élévation, la charge accroche un obstacle, tandis que la sous-charge se produit si la charge bute contre un obstacle lors de sa descente.In this type of operation, a cable is used, one end of which is wound on a drum, while its opposite end is anchored to the truck of the handling vehicle, said cable passing on the one hand around a Crazy pulley rotatably mounted above the anchor point, and on the other hand around the crazy pulley of a movable hook block to which the load is attached, for example by means of a grapple. Between the idler pulley and the block, a load cell is inserted into the cable associated with means of causing the rotation control of the drum to stop if the cable is subjected to an overload or an underload. The first intervenes if, during its elevation, the load catches an obstacle, while the under-load occurs if the load abuts against an obstacle during its descent.

Les dispositifs électriques utilisés en relation avec le peson et le moteur d'entraînement du treuil présentent des temps de réponse trop longs pour permettre un arrêt immédiat du déplacement de la charge aussi bien dans le sens de la montée que dans celui de la descente, de telle sorte qu'on peut assister à un endommagement de la charge lorsqu'un incident survient.The electrical devices used in connection with the load cell and the winch drive motor have response times that are too long to allow immediate movement of the load to stop, both in the upward and downward directions, so that damage to the load can be witnessed when an incident occurs.

Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à remédier à cet inconvénient et à permettre la réalisation d'un dispositif intercalé dans la chaîne cinématique de levage, de manière que ce dispositif conserve la tension du câble entre deux limites correspondant aux valeurs admises de la surcharge et de la sous-charge.The improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy this drawback and to allow the production of a device interposed in the lifting kinematic chain, so that this device keeps the cable tension between two limits corresponding to the values allowed from overload and underload.

L'invention concerne un perfectionnement aux dispositifs, tels que ceux faisant l'objet de l'US-A 3 233 746, permettant l'arrêt du déplacement de la charge au cas où celle-ci rencontre un obstacle si la réaction de cette charge sur ce dernier varie en plus ou en moins par rapport à un seuil.The invention relates to an improvement to devices, such as those forming the subject of US Pat. No. 3,233,746, enabling the movement of the load to be stopped in the event that the latter encounters an obstacle if the reaction of this load on the latter varies more or less with respect to a threshold.

A cet effet, comme dans le document précité, le dispositif selon l'invention comprend:

  • . une armature fixe comportant deux butées extrêmes;
  • . un coulisseau propre à coulisser dans l'armature entre ses butées extrêmes;
  • . une "cloche" pourvue de moyens propres à coopérer avec le coulisseau;
  • . un moyen de surcharge disposé entre le coulisseau et l'armature;
  • . un moyen de sous-charge logé entre le coulisseau et la "cloche";
  • . un moyen auquel est attaché le câble de manutention de la charge.
To this end, as in the aforementioned document, the device according to the invention comprises:
  • . a fixed frame comprising two extreme stops;
  • . a slide suitable for sliding in the frame between its extreme stops;
  • . a "bell" provided with means suitable for cooperating with the slide;
  • . an overload means arranged between the slide and the frame;
  • . an underload means housed between the slide and the "bell";
  • . a means to which the load handling cable is attached.

Le dispositif selon l'invention se caractérise par rapport aux solutions antérieures en ce que:

  • - la "cloche" est extérieure;
  • - les moyens de surcharge et de sous-charge sont constitués par des vérins;
  • - le moyen auquel est attaché le câble de manutention de la charge est constitué par un contre- poids mobile axialement entre deux limites par rapport à la "cloche" extérieure;
  • - et en ce qu'il comprend également un circuit électropneumatique d'alimentation modulée des vérins en fonction des variations de charge.
The device according to the invention is characterized with respect to the previous solutions in that:
  • - the "bell" is external;
  • - the overload and underload means are constituted by jacks;
  • - The means to which the load handling cable is attached is constituted by a counterweight movable axially between two limits relative to the external "bell";
  • - And in that it also includes an electropneumatic circuit for modulated supply of the jacks according to the load variations.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer:

  • Fig. 1 est une vue schématique montrant un pont roulant dont le chariot est équipé d'un dispositif suivant l'invention.
  • Fig. 2 à 5 montrent les différentes phases de fonctionnement du dispositif conforme à l'invention.
  • Fig. 6 illustre le schéma de l'alimentation en air comprimé des vérins du dispositif suivant l'invention en fonction des différentes phases de fonctionnement.
  • Fig. 7 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 2, mais montrant une variante d'exécution.
The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an overhead crane, the carriage of which is equipped with a device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 to 5 show the different operating phases of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the diagram of the compressed air supply to the cylinders of the device according to the invention as a function of the different operating phases.
  • Fig. 7 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2, but showing an alternative embodiment.

On a illustré en fig. 1 le chario (1) d'un pont roulant se déplaçant sur un chemin de roulement (2) au moyen de galets (3) et sur lequel est monté un treuil (4), entraîné par un moteur électrique (5) et destiné à l'enroulement d'un câble (6). L'une des extrémités de ce câble est associée au tambour du treuil (4), tandis que son extrémité opposée est fixée au chariot (1) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif 7 établi conformément à l'invention. A partir de ce dispositif, le câble entoure une poulie folle 8 montée à rotation par rapport à une potence 9 solidaire du chariot 1, puis il coopère avec un peson 10.Illustrated in fig. 1 the carriage (1) of an overhead crane moving on a raceway (2) by means of rollers (3) and on which is mounted a winch (4), driven by an electric motor (5) and intended for winding a cable (6). One end of this cable is associated with the winch drum (4), while its opposite end is fixed to the carriage (1) by means of a device 7 established in accordance with the invention. From this device, the cable surrounds a mad pulley 8 rotatably mounted relative to a bracket 9 secured to the carriage 1, then it cooperates with a load cell 10.

La charge 11 est accrochée au crochet 12a d'un moufle mobile 12, dont la poulie 12b est entourée par le câble 6 avant qu'il n'aille s'enrouler sur le treuil.The load 11 is attached to the hook 12a of a movable block 12, the pulley 12b of which is surrounded by the cable 6 before it goes to wind on the winch.

Le problème posé de manière non limitative dans l'exemple illustré est la manutention de la charge 11 qui doit être soit extraite, soit remise en place dans une rangée R de charges 11 serrées les unes contre les autres. On comprend aisément que lorsque l'on extrait une charge 11, il se produit une surtension, donc une surcharge du câble 6 si ladite charge accroche l'une des voisines. Au contraire, lors de la mise en place d'une charge 11 dans un espace libre de la rangée R, il se produit une sous-tension ou sous-charge du câble si la charge bute sur l'une de ses voisines ou contre un obstacle quelconque.The problem posed in a nonlimiting manner in the example illustrated is the handling of the load 11 which must either be extracted or replaced in a row R of loads 11 clamped against each other. It is easily understood that when a load 11 is extracted, an overvoltage occurs, therefore an overload of the cable 6 if said load catches one of the neighbors. On the contrary, when placing a load 11 in a free space of row R, there is an undervoltage or underload of the cable if the load abuts on one of its neighbors or against a any obstacle.

Le dispositif 7 de fig. 1 résoud le problème posé par ces incidents.The device 7 of fig. 1 solves the problem posed by these incidents.

Comme illustré en fig. 2 à 5, il comprend tout d'abord une armature fixe composée d'au moins deux colonnes 13 à deux diamètres qui déterminent entre eux un épaulement 13a. Les colonnes sont donc constituées d'un fût 13b dont l'extrémité inférieure est assujettie au chariot 1 et une partie entré- me 13c faisant suite au fût après l'épaulement 13a. Les extrémités libres des deux parties 13c des colonnes 13 sont réunies par une traverse 14.As illustrated in fig. 2 to 5, it firstly comprises a fixed frame composed of at least two columns 13 with two diameters which determine between them a shoulder 13a. The columns therefore consist of a barrel 13b whose lower end is subject to the carriage 1 and an entry part 13c following the barrel after the shoulder 13a. The free ends of the two parts 13c of the columns 13 are joined by a cross member 14.

Un coulisseau 15 peut glisser le long des parties extrêmes 13c des colonnes. Il comprend une plaque 15a et deux fourreaux 15b entourant les colonnes et destinées à limiter la course du coulisseau vers le haut par butée de leurs extrémités libres contre la traverse 14. Bien entendu, la seconde butée de l'armature est constituée par les épaulements 13a.A slider 15 can slide along the end portions 13c of the columns. It comprises a plate 15a and two sleeves 15b surrounding the columns and intended to limit the stroke of the slide upwards by the stop of their free ends against the cross-member 14. Of course, the second stop of the frame is formed by the shoulders 13a .

L'ensemble de l'armature et du coulisseau est entouré par une cloche 16 pourvue de taquets internes 16a disposés de manière à pouvoir coopérer avec le dessous de la plaque 15a du coulisseau dans les conditions qu'on expliquera mieux plus loin.The whole of the frame and the slide is surrounded by a bell 16 provided with internal tabs 16a arranged so as to be able to cooperate with the underside of the plate 15a of the slide under the conditions which will be better explained below.

Le bas de la cloche est fermé par un fond 16b comportant des perforations traversées avec jeu fonctionnel par les fûts 13vb des colonnes 13 pour assurer le guidage de ladite cloche.The bottom of the bell is closed by a bottom 16b comprising perforations traversed with functional clearance by the drums 13vb of the columns 13 to ensure the guiding of said bell.

Celle-ci comporte sur sa partie supérieure deux colonnettes verticales 16c qui traversent deux perforations ménagées dans un contre-poids 17 auquel le câble 6 est ancré. On observe que l'extrémité libre des deux colonnettes 16ç est pourvue d'une butée 16d. Enfin, deux vérins pneumatiques alimentés par une source de pression 18 (fig. 6) sont placés respectivement entre la traverse 14 et le coulisseau 15 (vérin référencé 19) et d'autre part entre ledit coulisseau 15 et le fond 16b de la cloche 16 (vérin référencé 20). Le vérin 19 est, dans la suite des présentes, appelé vérin de surcharge, tandis que celui 20 est nommé vérin de sous-charge.This comprises on its upper part two vertical columns 16c which pass through two perforations formed in a counterweight 17 to which the cable 6 is anchored. It is observed that the free end of the two balusters 16c is provided with a stop 16d. Finally, two pneumatic cylinders supplied by a pressure source 18 (fig. 6) are placed respectively between the cross member 14 and the slide 15 (jack referenced 19) and on the other hand between said slide 15 and the bottom 16b of the bell 16 (cylinder referenced 20). The jack 19 is hereinafter called the overload jack, while the jack 20 is called the underload jack.

Le fonctionnement est le suivant :

  • Lorsque le système est en équilibre, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'aucun obstacle n'est rencontré par la charge, les pressions respectivement dans les vérins 19 et 20, sont appelées PU1 et P01. Cette dernière est prévue telle qu'en aucun cas elle ne peut déplacer le coulisseau 15 par rapport à la cloche 16, de sorte que le coulisseau 15 reste en appui contre les épaulements 13a et les taquets 16a demeurent en contact avec le coulisseau 15 car la pression PU1 régnant dans le vérin 19 est élevée et en tout cas supérieure à celle P01 Cet équilibre demeure tant que la force F de tension de câble ne dépasse pas un seuil prévu. Autrement dit, l'action de la pression P01 se traduit par une force inférieure à celle F, tandis que l'action du PU1 se trouve supérieure à F.
The operation is as follows:
  • When the system is in equilibrium, that is to say when no obstacle is encountered by the load, the pressures in the jacks 19 and 20 respectively, are called PU1 and P01. The latter is provided such that in no case can it move the slider 15 relative to the bell 16, so that the slider 15 remains in abutment against the shoulders 13a and the tabs 16a remain in contact with the slider 15 because the pressure PU1 prevailing in the jack 19 is high and in any case greater than that P0 1 This equilibrium remains as long as the cable tension force F does not exceed a prescribed threshold. In other words, the action of pressure P01 results in a force less than that F, while the action of PU 1 is greater than F.

On note bien entendu que le contrepoids 17 est en appui contre les butées 16d des colonnettes 16c.It will of course be noted that the counterweight 17 is in abutment against the stops 16d of the balusters 16c.

En cas de surcharge, le supplément de tension provoque le soulèvement du coulisseau 15 par les taquets 16a de la cloche 16 qui s'élève tout d'abord par suite de la surcharge puisque F est devenue F1 plus grande que F, et ensuite du fait de la modification de la pression régnant dans 19 qui est devenue PU2 inférieure à PU1. L'élévation de la cloche et du coulisseau permet de maintenir constante la tension dans le câble pendant l'arrêt du mouvement s'effectuant en un temps qui permet aux dispositifs électriques de provoquer l'arrêt de l'élévation de la charge 11 avant que le coulisseau 15 ne vienne en appui contre la traverse 14.In the event of an overload, the additional tension causes the slider 15 to be raised by the cleats 16a of the bell 16 which rises firstly as a result of the overload since F has become F1 larger than F, and then because of the modification of the pressure prevailing in 19 which became PU2 less than PU1. The elevation of the bell and the slide allows the tension in the cable to be kept constant during the stopping of the movement taking place in a time which allows the electrical devices to cause the elevation of the load 11 to stop before the slide 15 comes to bear against the cross-member 14.

Le choix de la pression PUz fait que le temps nécessaire à l'arrêt de treuil 4 est inférieur à celui correspondant au déplacement dans les conditions ci-dessus du coulisseau et de la cloche 16, de la position de fig. 2 à celle maximale pouvant être acceptée lorsque le coulisseau vient en butée contre la traverse 14.The choice of the pressure PU z means that the time required to stop the winch 4 is less than that corresponding to the displacement under the above conditions of the slide and of the bell 16, from the position of FIG. 2 to the maximum that can be accepted when the slider abuts against the cross-member 14.

En cas de sous-charge, le déplacement de la cloche 16 est inverse, c'est-à-dire que les taquets 16a quittent le coulisseau 15 de manière à agir sur le câble 6 pendant le temps de réponse des appareillages électriques.In the event of an underload, the movement of the bell 16 is reversed, that is to say that the tabs 16a leave the slide 15 so as to act on the cable 6 during the response time of the electrical equipment.

Dans ces conditions, la pression P02 envoyée dans le vérin 20 est supérieure à celle P01 développée dans ce vérin dans la position d'équilibre, ladite pression P02 étant supérieure à celle PU1 régnant dans le vérin 19.Under these conditions, the pressure P02 sent into the jack 20 is greater than that P01 developed in this jack in the equilibrium position, said pressure P02 being greater than that PU1 prevailing in the jack 19.

Là encore, la course de déplacement vers le bas de la cloche 16 est prévue largement suffisante pour que les temps de réponse de l'appareillage électrique soient inférieurs au temps de descente total de la cloche jusqu'à ce qu'elle porte contre le chariot 1. Bien entendu, ces conditions sont directement dépendantes des caractéristiques du vérin de sous-charge 20 et de la valeur de la pression P02 par rapport à celle P01.Again, the travel downward movement of the bell 16 is provided largely sufficient so that the response times of the electrical equipment are less than the total time of descent of the bell until it bears against the carriage 1. Of course, these conditions are directly dependent on the characteristics of the underload cylinder 20 and the value of the pressure P02 relative to that P01.

On a enfin illustré en fig. 5 une dernière possibilité dans laquelle, lors de l'arrêt normal en position basse, le contre-poids 17 équilibre la masse de l'ensemble du moufle mobile à crochet 12 et celle de tous les accessoires de manière à ne pas exercer une force sur la charge suspendue qu'on l'on vient de poser. On s'aperçoit qu'à ce moment le contre-poids descend en direction de la cloche 16 le long des colonnettes 16c pour permettre l'arrêt de sécurité grâce à la présence d'un détecteur 40 (fig. 2 à 5).Finally, there is illustrated in FIG. 5 a final possibility in which, during the normal stop in the low position, the counterweight 17 balances the mass of the entire movable hook block 12 and that of all the accessories so as not to exert a force on the suspended load that we just placed. We see that at this time the counterweight descends in the direction of the bell 16 along the balusters 16c to allow the safety stop thanks to the presence of a detector 40 (fig. 2 to 5).

Le système d'alimentation pneumatique des vérins qui a été illustré en fig. 6 est décrit ci-après :

  • A partir de la source de pression 18, part une canalisation 21 constituant l'origine de quatre conduites référencées 22, 23, 24 et 25, qui sont réunies deux à deux pour former une boucle se fermant par l'intermédiaire d'un clapet anti-retour double 26 dont la sortie est branchée à un tuyau 27, 28 aboutissant respectivement aux vérins 19 et 20. A partir de chaque tuyau 27, 28 part une tubulure 29, 30 aboutissant à l'atmosphère et dans chacune desquelles sont insérés d'une part une électro-vanne 31, et d'autre part un réducteur de débit 32.
The pneumatic supply system for the cylinders which has been illustrated in FIG. 6 is described below:
  • From the pressure source 18, leaves a pipe 21 constituting the origin of four pipes referenced 22, 23, 24 and 25, which are joined together in pairs to form a loop closing by means of a check valve. double return 26, the outlet of which is connected to a pipe 27, 28 leading respectively to the jacks 19 and 20. From each pipe 27, 28 leaves a pipe 29, 30 leading to the atmosphere and into each of which are inserted on the one hand a solenoid valve 31, and on the other hand a flow reducer 32.

Dans la conduite 22 sont insérés une électro-vanne 33 et un mano-déten-deur 34.In the pipe 22 are inserted a solenoid valve 33 and a pressure regulator 34.

Dans la conduite 23 est inséré un mano-déten- deur 35. De même, un mano-détendeur 36 est inséré dans la conduite 24 à côté d'une électro-vanne 37, enfin un quatrième mano-détendeur 38 est placé dans la conduite 25 à côté d'une électro-vanne 39.In the line 23 is inserted a pressure reducer 35. Similarly, a pressure reducer 36 is inserted in the line 24 next to a solenoid valve 37, finally a fourth pressure reducer 38 is placed in the line 25 next to a solenoid valve 39.

A titre d'exemple les mano-détendeurs sont réglés pour application particulière aux pressions suivantes : l'organe 34 à 5,5 bars, celui 35 à 2 bars, celui 36 à 2,5 bars, et celui 38 à 5 bars.By way of example, the pressure regulators are adjusted for particular application at the following pressures: the member 34 to 5.5 bars, that 35 to 2 bars, that 36 to 2.5 bars, and that 38 to 5 bars.

Lors du déplacement normal d'une charge, l'électro-vanne 33 et celle 37 sont ouvertes (l'électro-vanne 39 étant fermée), de telle sorte que les vérins 19 et 20 sont alimentés sous les pressions PU1 et P01 déterminées par les mano-détendeurs 34 et 36. La bille repose sur son siège inférieur dans les deux clapets anti-retour 26. Du fait des pressions définies ci-dessus. La pression PU1 dans le vérin 19 (5,5 bars) est supérieure à la pression P01 dans le vérin 20 (2,5 bars).During the normal movement of a load, the solenoid valve 33 and that 37 are open (the solenoid valve 39 being closed), so that the jacks 19 and 20 are supplied under the pressures PU1 and P01 determined by pressure regulators 34 and 36. The ball rests on its lower seat in the two non-return valves 26. Due to the pressures defined above. The pressure PU1 in the cylinder 19 (5.5 bars) is greater than the pressure P01 in the cylinder 20 (2.5 bars).

On signalera à titre d'information qu'en cas de déplacement du crochet sans charge, l'alimentation pneumatique du vérin de sous-charge s'effectue à pression nulle, c'est-à-dire qu'alors on ouvre l'électro-vanne 31 alors que celles 37 et 39 sont fermées.It should be noted for information that in the event of displacement of the hook without load, the pneumatic supply of the underload cylinder takes place at zero pressure, that is to say that then the electro is opened -valve 31 while those 37 and 39 are closed.

Lorsqu'une surcharge intervient, elle est décelée par le peson 10 qui transmet les ordres à une armoire de commande, laquelle règle le système de la manière suivante : la vanne 33 est fermée, de telle sorte que le cylindre 19 est alimenté sous une pression PU2, inférieure à PU1, égale à deux bars. La bille du clapet anti-retour double correspondant 26 s'élève contre le siège supérieur, comme illustré en traits pointillés.When an overload occurs, it is detected by the load cell 10 which transmits the orders to a control cabinet, which regulates the system as follows: the valve 33 is closed, so that the cylinder 19 is supplied under pressure PU2, less than PU1, equal to two bars. The ball of the corresponding double check valve 26 rises against the upper seat, as shown in dotted lines.

Quant à l'alimentation du vérin 20, elle n'est pas modifiée et s'effectue sous la pression de 2,5 bars, si bien que la bille du second clapet anti-retour double 26 reste sur son siège inférieur, comme montré en pointillés.As for the supply of the jack 20, it is not modified and is carried out under the pressure of 2.5 bars, so that the ball of the second double non-return valve 26 remains in its lower seat, as shown in dotted.

Lors d'une sous-charge détectée également par le peson 10, celui-ci transmet les informations à l'armoire électrique. Celle-ci émet des ordres provoquant l'ouverture de l'électro-vanne 39, de telle sorte que le vérin 20 est alimenté sous une pression P02 supérieure à celle de P01 (5 bars au lieu de 2,5). La bille du clapet double 26 correspondant s'élève contre son siège supérieur, comme illustré en traits discontinus. Quant à l'alimentation du vérin 19, elle s'effectue sous une pression PU1 de 5,5 bars, c'est-à-dire supérieure à celle alimentant le vérin 20, puisque l'électro-vanne 33 est ouverte. On notera que dans tous les cas, sauf celui précisé dans lequel le pression 20 est nulle, la vanne 31 est continuellement fermée.During an underload also detected by the load cell 10, the latter transmits the information to the electrical cabinet. The latter issues orders causing the solenoid valve 39 to open, so that the jack 20 is supplied with a pressure P02 greater than that of P01 (5 bars instead of 2.5). The ball of the corresponding double valve 26 rises against its upper seat, as shown in broken lines. As for the supply of the jack 19, it takes place under a pressure PU1 of 5.5 bars, that is to say greater than that supplying the jack 20, since the solenoid valve 33 is open. It will be noted that in all cases, except that specified in which the pressure 20 is zero, the valve 31 is continuously closed.

Suivant une variante illustrée en fig. 7, l'armature 13-14 des fig. 2 à 5 est constituée par un ensemble 41 comprenant un élément tubulaire 42, fermé à son extrémité inférieure et ouvert à son extrémité opposée. Cette extrémité est obturée par un couvercle 43. Le passage central de l'élément tubulaire 42 est à deux diamètres en vue de constituer un épaulement 42a tourné en direction du couvercle 43. Ce dernier et l'épaulement 42a forment des butées similaires à celles 13a et 14 du mode d'exécution de fig. 2 à 5.According to a variant illustrated in FIG. 7, the frame 13-14 of FIGS. 2 to 5 is constituted by an assembly 41 comprising a tubular element 42, closed at its lower end and open at its opposite end. This end is closed by a cover 43. The central passage of the tubular element 42 has two diameters in order to form a shoulder 42a turned towards the cover 43. The latter and the shoulder 42a form abutments similar to those 13a and 14 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 to 5.

Le fond 16b de la cloche 16 est constitué par 3 bras radiaux traversant des ouvertures 42b de l'élément tubulaire 42. Le centre de ce fond coopère avec la base 44a d'une entretoise tubulaire 44, qui porte sous le coulisseau 15. On observe que le vérin 20 repose sur la face intérieure de la base 44a.The bottom 16b of the bell 16 consists of 3 radial arms passing through openings 42b of the tubular element 42. The center of this bottom cooperates with the base 44a of a tubular spacer 44, which bears under the slide 15. We observe that the jack 20 rests on the inner face of the base 44a.

Dans ce mode d'exécution, le coulisseau 15 présente une forme similaire à celle illustrée dans les figures précédentes, mais il est guidé extérieurement par la partie à plus grand diamètre du passage intérieur de l'élément tubulaire 42. Comme dans les fig. 2 à 5, il se déplace sous l'effet du mouvement de la cloche 16, et par l'intermédiaire de l'entretoise tubulaire 44 entre l'épaulement 42a et le couvercle 43.In this embodiment, the slide 15 has a shape similar to that illustrated in the preceding figures, but it is guided externally by the part with a larger diameter of the internal passage of the tubular element 42. As in FIGS. 2 to 5, it moves under the effect of the movement of the bell 16, and by means of the tubular spacer 44 between the shoulder 42a and the cover 43.

En particulier, le dispositif suivant l'invention peut être appliqué aux ponts-roulants pourvus d'un mât télescopique pour le déplacement des charges.In particular, the device according to the invention can be applied to overhead traveling cranes provided with a telescopic mast for moving loads.

Claims (12)

1. Load compensation device of the type comprising a-detector (10) adapted to stop displacement of the load (11) in the event of said load encountering an obstacle and the reaction of this load thereon varying more or less with respect to a threshold, comprising:
. a fixed armature (13-14, 41) comprising two end stops (13a-14, 42a, 43);
. a sliding block (15) adapted to slide in the armature (13-14, 41) between its end stops (13a-14, 42a, 43);
. a "bell" (16) provided with means (16a, 44) adapted to cooperate with the sliding block (15);
. an overload means (19) disposed between the sliding block and the armature (13-14);
. an underload means (20) housed between the sliding block (15) and the "bell" (16);
. a means to which the cable (6) for handling the load is attached,
characterized in that:
- the "bell" (16) is outer;
- the overload means (19) and the underload means (20) are constituted by jacks; - the means to which the cable (6) for handling the load is attached is constituted by a counterweight (17) axially mobile between two limits with respect to the outer "bell" (16);
- and in that it also comprises an electro-pneumatic circuit for modulated supply of the jacks as a function of the variations in the load.
2. Device according to the claim 1, characterized in that the fixed armature is constituted by at least two stepped columns (13) of which the inner shank (13b) is of larger diameter than that of the end part (13c), the free ends of the two columns (13) being associated with a crosspiece (14) which, with the shoulders (13a) of the two columns (13), form the two stops of the armature (13-14).
3. Device according to the claim 2, characterized in that the sliding block (15) is made in the form of a plate (15a) sliding on the end parts (13c) of the columns (13) of the fixed armature by means of sleeves (15b) adapted to limit the stroke of said sliding block.
4. Device according to the claim 3, characterized in that the outer bell (16) is mounted to slide with respect to the shanks (13b) of the columns (13), via its bottom (16b) and its top bears small columns (16c) whose ends are provided with stops (16d).
5. Device according to the claim 4, characterized in that the counterweight (17) is mounted to slide with respect to the small columns (16c) of the bell.
6. Device according one of the previous claims, characterized in that the overload and underload jacks (19-20) are respectively in abutment against the cross-piece (14), and the sliding block (15), and against the latter and the bottom (16b) of the bell (16).
7. Device according to the claim 1, characterized in that the armature (41) is constituted by a tubular element (42) closed at its open end by a cover (43), and in the central passage of which is made a shoulder (42a) which forms with the cover (43) the outer stops of the armature between which the sliding block (15) moves, whilst the latter is connected to the bottom (16d) of the bell (16) by means of a tubular crosspiece (44) surrounding the jack (20).
8. Device according to the claim 1, characterized in that the fixed armature (13-14, 41) is fast with the carriage (13) of a lifting machine.
9. Device according one of the claims 1-8, characterized in that the pneumatic supply circuit comprises two branches (22-23), (24-25) intended respectively to supply the jacks, each branch comprising means for supplying the corresponding jack under variable pressures (PU1, PU2) for the overload jack (19) and variable pressures (P01 and P02) for the underload jack (20).
10. Device according to the-claim 9, characterized in that the jacks supplying means under variable pressures are such that, in period of normal operation without mishap, the pressure (PU1) applied to the overload jack and that (P01) applied to the underload jack such that the force developed by these jacks maintains the sliding block in abutment against the stop (13a, 42a) of the armature (13-14,41).
11. Device according to the claim 9, characterized in that the jacks supplying means of the overload and underload jacks (19-20) under variable pressures are such that a pressure PU2 less than that PU1 is applied to the overload jack.
12. Device according to the claim 9, characterized in that the jacks supplying means of the overload and underload jacks (19-20) under variable pressures are such that, in period of underload, pressure P02 greater than P01 is applied to the underload jack.
EP88420163A 1987-05-20 1988-05-20 Load compensation device for a maintenance vehicle, and method for effectuating the compensation Expired - Lifetime EP0292413B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88420163T ATE57514T1 (en) 1987-05-20 1988-05-20 LOAD COMPENSATION DEVICE FOR A LIFTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF ACHIEVE SUCH COMPENSATION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8707277 1987-05-20
FR8707277A FR2615500B1 (en) 1987-05-20 1987-05-20 LOAD COMPENSATOR DEVICE FOR A HANDLING MACHINE AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH COMPENSATION

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0292413A1 EP0292413A1 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0292413B1 true EP0292413B1 (en) 1990-10-17

Family

ID=9351388

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88420163A Expired - Lifetime EP0292413B1 (en) 1987-05-20 1988-05-20 Load compensation device for a maintenance vehicle, and method for effectuating the compensation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4886174A (en)
EP (1) EP0292413B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE57514T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3860817D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018715B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2615500B1 (en)

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DE29802606U1 (en) * 1998-02-16 1998-04-23 Zasche Fördertechnik GmbH, 86720 Nördlingen Hand-operated lifting device with a pneumatic lifting drive
ES2203038T3 (en) * 1999-02-12 2004-04-01 Reel S.A. LIFTING DEVICE FOR REPLACEMENT OF ANODES IN THE ELECTROLYSIS CUBES FOR ALUMINUM PRODUCTION.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2615500B1 (en) 1989-07-28
US4886174A (en) 1989-12-12
DE3860817D1 (en) 1990-11-22
ATE57514T1 (en) 1990-11-15
ES2018715B3 (en) 1991-05-01
FR2615500A1 (en) 1988-11-25
EP0292413A1 (en) 1988-11-23

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