EP0290317B1 - Foyer de chaudière, notamment pour déchets urbains, à grille composée de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles à va-et-vient, à souplesse de réglage accrue - Google Patents

Foyer de chaudière, notamment pour déchets urbains, à grille composée de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles à va-et-vient, à souplesse de réglage accrue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0290317B1
EP0290317B1 EP88401021A EP88401021A EP0290317B1 EP 0290317 B1 EP0290317 B1 EP 0290317B1 EP 88401021 A EP88401021 A EP 88401021A EP 88401021 A EP88401021 A EP 88401021A EP 0290317 B1 EP0290317 B1 EP 0290317B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
grate
downstream
bars
upstream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88401021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0290317A1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Baltzinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dalkia Wastenergy SA
Original Assignee
TIRU SA Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TIRU SA Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains filed Critical TIRU SA Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains
Priority to AT88401021T priority Critical patent/ATE71451T1/de
Publication of EP0290317A1 publication Critical patent/EP0290317A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0290317B1 publication Critical patent/EP0290317B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/18—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using inclined grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F23H1/02—Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boiler hearth according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Provisions have been recommended to improve the poking by lining at least certain elements of bars with projections at the connection of the dorsal and front faces, and to improve the cooling of the bars by the blowing combustion air.
  • Patent document FR-A-2574160 describes a hearth grate which comprises elements of bars provided at the connection of the front face and the dorsal face, and on the latter, of faceted transverse projections, with blowing orifices of air formed in a rear facet of the projections so as to look downstream and conduct air jets from below the grid into the mass of combustible solids, in a direction which goes up by about 15 ° on the horizontal.
  • the document FR-A-1466632 proposes an urban waste incinerator with a grate in several successive layers whose back and forth movements are individually adjustable.
  • this arrangement applies to a grid whose successive tiers of bars, alternately fixed and movable, are arranged with a front face facing downstream, the lower edge of which then rests on the dorsal face of the bar immediately downstream.
  • This arrangement causes a thrust of the fuel downstream cooperating with gravity to advance the fuel towards the ashtray.
  • This mode of action of the bars induces combustion conditions different from those which prevail on grates of the kind described in FR-A-2576160 where the thrust of the front faces of the bars acts against the progression of the combustible.
  • the incinerator described by FR-A-1466632 is not associated with a boiler, and the grid is disposed entirely under a radiation vault, the fumes of which escape mainly downstream, a minor part being diverted to an entry dryer.
  • the optimal combustion conditions are different depending on the combustion modes.
  • the fuel layers can be relatively thick, and the pressure drop of the combustion air through the layer remains moderate, the channels between combustible fragments being of relatively large sections, and the formation of the flames giving an impulse to combustion air.
  • the ashes and bottom ash cause significant pressure losses for the combustion air and the layers are advantageously thinner.
  • the heat transmission from the ignition points to the remaining combustible parts takes place mainly by radiation and partly by convection of the fumes, and is hampered by the presence of ash and bottom ash.
  • the subject of the invention is a hearth of the kind defined above, in which the combustion efficiency is increased by particular settings of the combustion conditions in the carbonization and brazier modes.
  • the invention provides a boiler hearth, with a grid intended to support a mass of solid fragments in combustion, in particular urban waste, made up of two parts, namely a boiler chamber connected to a flue gas flue. and extending longitudinally from a loading area upstream of the grate to a generally vertical wall called an altar wall, and a lowered vault connecting to the boiler chamber in the altar wall and extending the hearth up to an ashtray downstream of the grid, the latter comprising, in a downward slope between the upstream loading area and the downstream ashtray at least one ply consisting of a succession of transverse bars with a dorsal face for the support of the mass, and a front face in sliding support by a lower edge on the dorsal face of the bar immediately upstream, the bars being hooked by a downstream end alternately to a fixed frame d e hearth and a movable frame back and forth longitudinally under the impulse of a control means, the hearth further comprising, under the grid, at least
  • the upstream layer can be adjusted to optimize the carbonization mode and the downstream layer to optimize the brazier mode.
  • the division of the hearth into two parts, boiler chamber and lowered vault, connected by the altar wall has the effect of determining different combustion regimes, the boiler chamber lending itself to the development of long flames, while the lowered vault downstream forms a reverberation and lends itself to the burning of embers.
  • the separation of the grate into two layers, and that of the hearth into two parts with corresponding connections do they cooperate in the separate optimizations of the two combustion modes.
  • the grid layers will be equipped with rod elements according to FR-A-2574160.
  • the grate is extended by an awning apron above the ashtray, adjustable in orientation around a horizontal axis adjacent to the grate end.
  • the orientation of this apron makes it possible to adjust the rate of dumping of ash and clinker into the ashtray, and therefore to act on the thickness of the layer of embers on the downstream layer.
  • the hearth 1 as a whole comprises, between an upstream loading hopper 2 and a downstream ashtray 3, a grid 4 composed of an upstream ply 41 and a downstream ply 42, the grid plies being made up of bars which are alternately fixed and movable back and forth longitudinally under the impulse of control means 45 and 46.
  • the boiler chamber 5 is closed, downstream, by a brick wall 7 commonly called an altar wall.
  • the hearth extends longitudinally downstream by a lowered vault 6 which terminates in the ashtray 3, the connection of the grate layers 41 and 42 being located substantially at the entrance to the vault 6 in the altar wall 7.
  • the grid 4 consists of two plies 41 and 42, formed of adjoining elements of bars alternately fixed, 55 and 56 respectively, and movable back and forth respectively 55 ′ And 56 ′.
  • the bars include (see FIG. 4) dorsal faces 55 a , 55 ′ a , 56 a , 56 ′ a , front faces facing upstream 55 b , 55 ′ b , 56 b , 56 ′ b , and projections 55 c , 55 ′ c , 56 c , 56 ′ c , on the dorsal side 55 a , 55 ′ a , 56 a , 56 ′ a at the connection thereof ci with the front face 55 b , 55 ′ b , 56 b , 56 ′ b corresponding.
  • Each bar 55, 55 ′, 56, 56 ′ rests, by a lower edge of its front face 55 b , 55 ′ b , 56 b , 56 ′ b in sliding support, on the dorsal face of the bar immediately upstream.
  • the fixed bars 55, 56 are hooked by their rear end on a cross member secured to a hearth frame 50, while the mobile bars 55 ′ and 56 ′ are hooked by their rear end to frames respectively 45 d and 46 d , movable longitudinally.
  • the frames 45 d and 46 d are provided with rollers 53, 54 which are capable of rolling on rails 51, 52 fixed to the hearth frame 50, and arranged parallel to the bars.
  • the frame 45 d is coupled to its upstream end, by means of a connecting rod 45 b to a return lever 45 a in turn coupled to a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 45.
  • the frame 46 d has a drawbar 46 c fixed at its front end, which passes under the ply 41 to couple, by means of a connecting rod 46 b , to a return lever 46 a , in turn coupled to a hydraulic cylinder 46 double acting.
  • a bar 58 is disposed at the connection of the plies 41 and 42, the lower edge of the front face 58 b of which rests on the dorsal face of the movable bar 55 ′ extreme downstream of the upstream ply 41, while the face dorsal 58 a of this bar 58 receives the support of the front face 56 ′ b of the movable bar 56 ′ extreme upstream of the downstream ply 42.
  • the bar 58 is attached by its rear end to a cross member secured to the fixed frame 50.
  • the projections 55 c , 55 ′ c , 56 c , 56 ′ c and 58 c of the bars have, in a facet facing rearward, blowing holes 55 d , 55 ′ d , 56 d , 56 ′ d and 58 d whose axis, directed downstream, rises in this direction with a slope closer to the horizontal than to the vertical, here around 15 °. This arrangement reduces the amount of fly ash entrained with the fumes.
  • blowing boxes 43 and 44 Under the plies 41 and 42 are arranged blowing boxes 43 and 44, respectively, in the form of a hopper, and connected to a general blowing pipe 48 through adjustment valves 43 a and 44 a .
  • the supply air blowing into the boxes is shown very schematically.
  • the outlet of the valves 43 a and 44 a in the boxes 43 and 44 is located halfway up these boxes, so that the collection of fine ashes which pass through the sheets 41 and 42 does not interfere with the blowing.
  • an apron 47 orientable around a horizontal axis 47 a adjacent to the grid end, and forming a canopy above the ashtray 3.
  • a panel 47 b is arranged in bridge between the extreme downstream (mobile) bar of the ply 42 and the deck 47.
  • the waste On arriving at the bar 58, the waste, reduced for the most part to its solid parts, essentially heavy tars and carbon, and more or less vitrified ash, pass over the sheet 42, whose movable bars 56 ′ are moved back and forth by the jack 46, by a mechanism corresponding to that of the sheet 41, but with a cadence and an amplitude independently adjusted by means of control.
  • the thickness of the combustible layer can be adjusted to the conditions of burning in the brazier; blown combustion air flow is adjusted by the valve 44 has adequately, given the composition of the fuel layer, the layer thickness correlation with the rate of descent.
  • the adjustment of the inclination of the apron 47 acts in cooperation with the reciprocating adjustment of the movable bars 56 ′ of the sheet 42 to control the thickness of the combustible layer.
  • the grid bars are obviously not one piece across the width of the hearth, for easily understandable reasons of weight, deformation, and installation and replacement. They consist of substantially rectangular elements, joined sideways. However, the reduction in weight of the unit pieces resulting from the division of the bar into elements, if it facilitates handling, has the disadvantage that the elements are more easily lifted from their support on the upstream bar when a foreign body tends to s between the bars.
  • the elements 101, 102 are they joined by their end faces 101, 102 under the projections 103, 104 which are formed of blowing openings such as 104.
  • connection is obtained by a C-shaped bridge 105 with two branches joined by a cross, the two branches penetrating into complementary cavities formed in the front faces 101 a , 102 a .
  • the trigger guard 105 is fully engaged in these end faces, and is held in place by plates 107, 108, welded to the end faces 101 a , 102 a , by arc pointing.
  • the invention is not limited to the example described, but embraces all the variant embodiments thereof, within the scope of the claims.
  • the guide as described by rollers 53, 54 and rails 51, 52 can, in certain applications, advantageously be replaced by a guide of the movable frames by means of rollers on inclined planes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Machines For Manufacturing Corrugated Board In Mechanical Paper-Making Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
EP88401021A 1987-04-27 1988-04-26 Foyer de chaudière, notamment pour déchets urbains, à grille composée de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles à va-et-vient, à souplesse de réglage accrue Expired - Lifetime EP0290317B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88401021T ATE71451T1 (de) 1987-04-27 1988-04-26 Dampfkesselfeuerraum, insbesondere fuer staedtische abfaelle, mit einem aus staeben, die abwechselnd fest und hin- und her-bewegbar sind, aufgebauten rost mit einer erhoehten regelflexibilitaet.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8705912A FR2614395B1 (fr) 1987-04-27 1987-04-27 Foyer de chaudiere, notamment pour dechets urbains, a grille composee de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles a va-et-vient, a souplesse de reglage accrue
FR8705912 1987-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0290317A1 EP0290317A1 (fr) 1988-11-09
EP0290317B1 true EP0290317B1 (fr) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=9350508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401021A Expired - Lifetime EP0290317B1 (fr) 1987-04-27 1988-04-26 Foyer de chaudière, notamment pour déchets urbains, à grille composée de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles à va-et-vient, à souplesse de réglage accrue

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4901653A (el)
EP (1) EP0290317B1 (el)
JP (1) JPH01503083A (el)
AT (1) ATE71451T1 (el)
CA (1) CA1294826C (el)
DE (2) DE290317T1 (el)
ES (1) ES2006453T3 (el)
FR (1) FR2614395B1 (el)
GR (2) GR890300057T1 (el)
WO (1) WO1988008502A1 (el)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3902159A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Nils Erik Tunstroemer Vorrichtung zum verbrennen und/oder thermischen zersetzen von brennmaterial, insbesondere festen brennstoffen
FR2645625B1 (fr) * 1989-04-07 1994-05-27 Otv D Procede pour le traitement de dechets menagers et chaudiere pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE4105328C1 (el) * 1991-02-18 1992-11-19 Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
DE19635036A1 (de) * 1996-08-29 1998-03-05 Babcock Materials Handling Ag Verfahren zum Verteilen eines Guts über die Breite eines Förderrosts und Schubrost zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
IT1296716B1 (it) * 1997-11-13 1999-07-15 Gem Srl Forno di combustione particolarmente per rifiuti
EP0981021A1 (de) * 1998-08-19 2000-02-23 Asea Brown Boveri AG Rost für Verbrennungsanlagen
DE10113516A1 (de) * 2001-03-20 2002-09-26 Bmh Claudius Peters Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Schüttgut
JP2004003762A (ja) * 2002-06-03 2004-01-08 Hitachi Zosen Corp ロータリーキルン
EP1394468A1 (de) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-03 Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG Rostelement für einen Rost einer Abfallverbrennungsanlage
CN101561142B (zh) * 2009-05-28 2011-04-13 郭亚非 低能耗综合垃圾焚烧炉
DE102014213639A1 (de) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vibrationsrinne und Vibrationsfördervorrichtung zum Transport geschindelter Produkte in der Lebensmittelproduktion
CN104456573A (zh) * 2014-12-11 2015-03-25 杭州新世纪能源环保工程股份有限公司 适应高水分的往复式二段垃圾焚烧炉
CN107314364B (zh) * 2016-04-26 2023-08-11 马成果 下通烟立式播底火燃烧装置
US10816197B2 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-10-27 Eco Burn Inc. System for the dynamic movement of waste in an incinerator
CN110925764B (zh) * 2019-12-13 2024-03-22 重庆科技学院 一种半封闭式加热废弃物连续处理炉及其工艺方法
CN115031238B (zh) * 2022-06-22 2023-01-10 恒盛能源股份有限公司 一种高效节能型固废燃烧发电设备

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2250067A (en) * 1938-02-03 1941-07-22 Martin Josef Mechanical stoker
DE1240210B (de) * 1963-01-11 1967-05-11 Walther & Cie Ag Dampferzeuger-Feuerung fuer die Verbrennung von Muell oder Abfaellen mit Zusatzfeuerung fuer hochwertigen Brennstoff
CH423068A (it) * 1964-12-30 1966-10-31 Forni Ed Impianti Ind Ingg De Bartolomeis Spa Griglia a gradini per la combustione di combustibili di natura eterogenea, particolarmente per l'incenerimento di rifiuti solidi urbani
US3413938A (en) * 1967-04-12 1968-12-03 Hagan Ind Inc Stoker construction
FR2234523A1 (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-01-17 Peters Ag Claudius Inclined grate for refuse incineration - has alternate fixed and pivoting plates with overlapping edges
CH637198A5 (de) * 1979-03-14 1983-07-15 Widmer & Ernst Ag Feuerungsrost fuer verbrennungsoefen.
FR2574160A1 (fr) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-06 Electricite De France Grille de foyer realisee a partir d'elements permettant un controle ameliore de l'apport en air primaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2006453T3 (es) 1992-07-01
ES2006453A4 (es) 1989-05-01
CA1294826C (fr) 1992-01-28
DE3867528D1 (de) 1992-02-20
FR2614395A1 (fr) 1988-10-28
WO1988008502A1 (fr) 1988-11-03
GR890300057T1 (en) 1989-06-22
DE290317T1 (de) 1989-05-11
FR2614395B1 (fr) 1989-07-21
ATE71451T1 (de) 1992-01-15
JPH01503083A (ja) 1989-10-19
EP0290317A1 (fr) 1988-11-09
GR3004024T3 (el) 1993-03-31
US4901653A (en) 1990-02-20
JPH0544570B2 (el) 1993-07-06

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