EP0285598B1 - Injection internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Injection internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0285598B1
EP0285598B1 EP88890055A EP88890055A EP0285598B1 EP 0285598 B1 EP0285598 B1 EP 0285598B1 EP 88890055 A EP88890055 A EP 88890055A EP 88890055 A EP88890055 A EP 88890055A EP 0285598 B1 EP0285598 B1 EP 0285598B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
camshaft
rocker arms
injection
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88890055A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0285598A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Melde-Tuczai
Othmar Dipl.-Ing. Skatsche
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Rachholz
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AVL List GmbH
Original Assignee
AVL Gesellschaft fuer Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with cylinders arranged in rows, with two overhead camshafts and four valves and a central pump nozzle per cylinder, with rocker arms releasably attached to the cylinder head above the assigned camshaft for driving the pump nozzles.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to provide an internal combustion engine of the type described above, in which the rocker arms actuating the pump nozzles and the pump nozzles can be removed and installed in a particularly simple manner.
  • the rocker arm axis for the pump nozzle is placed on the bearing bracket from above.
  • the injection cams for the pump nozzle are located on the camshaft, only on every second cylinder and in such a way that they alternate from shaft to shaft, i.e. the cam on the left shaft actuates for the first cylinder and the one on the right shaft for the second cylinder, etc.
  • To remove the pump nozzle it is therefore sufficient if only one rocker arm axis is removed and not the bearing bracket as in US Pat. No. 2,024,334.
  • a very easy removal of the rocker arms together with storage is achieved according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention in that for the individual fastening of the rocker arms one of the camshaft bearings, e.g. is provided by screws, separately releasably attached bearing part for receiving the bearing axis for a rocker arm for driving a pump nozzle.
  • a particularly economical fastening and mounting option for the rocker arms for driving the pump nozzle results from the fact that the bearing axles used for the individual fastening of the rocker arms extend in the longitudinal direction of the machine only over two adjacent bearing parts for each of the two camshafts.
  • valves 2 per cylinder are actuated in the cylinder head 1 by two overhead camshafts 3 and 4 via rocker arms 5.
  • a pump nozzle 6 is driven by an injection cam 7 of the camshaft 3 or 4 via a rocker arm 8.
  • the rocker arm 8 is arranged on a rocker arm bearing having a bearing axis 9 and bearing parts 10.
  • the upper edge of the cylinder head 1 extends to the middle of the camshafts 3 and 4.
  • the lower bearing shells 11 of the camshaft bearings 12 are included in the partition walls of the cylinder head 1, the lower bearing shells 11 of the camshaft bearings 12 are included.
  • the bearing parts 10 are designed so that they receive the upper bearing shells 13 of the camshaft bearings 12.
  • rocker arm drive 7, 8, 9 and thus also the camshaft bearings 12 in the illustrated machine are alternately provided once on the right and once on the left side of the cylinder head 1.
  • the pump nozzle 6 is driven alternately once by the right and once by the left camshaft 3 or 4, corresponding to the entire rocker arm arrangement (FIG. 2).
  • the injection internal combustion engine according to the invention is therefore, in particular, a diesel engine in series with an overhead camshaft 3 and two valves 2 and one pump nozzle 6 per cylinder.
  • An injection cam 7 is provided per cylinder for driving a rocker arm 8 for the pump nozzle 6 and, if necessary, rocker arms 5 for actuating the valves 2.
  • the bearing axis 9 of the rocker arms 8 is arranged on the upper bearing half of the camshaft 3 and the rocker arms 8 themselves or their bearing axes 9 are detachably attached to the cylinder head 1.
  • Two further valves 2 per cylinder and a second camshaft 4 are provided.
  • the injection cam 7 is driven for the rocker arms 8 for actuating the pump nozzles 6 alternately for one cylinder from one camshaft 3 and for the adjacent cylinder from the other camshaft 4, each rocker arm 8 being individually fastened.
  • each rocker arm 8 is above the assigned camshaft 3 or 4, e.g. secured by screws 14 for a separate removal of only a single rocker arm 8 or its bearing from the valve train (2, 3, 4, 5) if necessary.
  • the releasable attachment of the bearing axles 9 or bearing blocks for the rocker arms 8 to the cylinder head 1 is carried out by screws 14, which at the same time serve to anchor the bearing parts 10 designed as brackets for the camshafts 3 and 4.
  • the bearing 12 for the camshaft 3 or 4 has at least one, e.g. by screws, detachably fastened separate bearing part (not shown) for receiving the bearing axis 9 for a rocker arm 8 for driving a pump nozzle 6.
  • the rocker arm 8 is actuated at one end by the injection cam 7 via a pressure roller 24.
  • the pressure roller 24 is mounted on the rocker arm 8 by means of an axis 25.
  • the rocker arm 8 is connected to the tappet 15 of the pump nozzle 6 by a screw connection 16.
  • cams 26 Arranged on each camshaft 3 and 4 are cams 26 which serve to drive the rocker arms 5 actuating the valves 2.
  • the rocker arms 5 are fixed to the cylinder head 1 by a screw connection 18.
  • a further screw 17 is provided for fastening the bearing part 10 to the cylinder head 1 for each camshaft bearing 12.
  • the cylinder head cover is designated 19.
  • rocker arm bearings rocker arm 8, bearing axis 9
  • camshaft bearings bearing part 10
  • valve 3 shows the pair of valves assigned to the camshaft 4.
  • This pair of valves consists of two valves 2, each having a valve plate 22, a valve stem 23 and a spring plate 20.
  • the valve springs indicated by dash-dotted lines are designated by 21.
  • the particular advantage of the illustrated embodiment according to the invention is that only one rocker arm bearing axis 9 has to be removed in order to be able to remove a specific pump nozzle 6, while the two camshafts 3 and 4 and the entire remaining valve train remain in the installed position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Dieselmaschine, mit in Reihen angeordneten Zylindern, mit zwei obenliegenden Nockenwellen sowie vier Ventilen und einer zentralen Pumpendüse pro Zylinder, wobei oberhalb der zugeordneten Nockenwelle am Zylinderkopf lösbar befestigte Kipphebel zum Antrieb der Pumpendüsen vorgesehen sind.The invention relates to an injection internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, with cylinders arranged in rows, with two overhead camshafts and four valves and a central pump nozzle per cylinder, with rocker arms releasably attached to the cylinder head above the assigned camshaft for driving the pump nozzles.

Bei einer bekannten Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine dieser Art, insbesondere Dieselmaschine, mit in Reihe angeordneten Zylindern, einer obenliegenden Nockenwelle sowie Ventilen und einer Pumpendüse pro Zylinder, wobei Kipphebel zum Antrieb der Pumpendüsen vorgesehen und am Zylinderkopf lösbar befestigt sind (siehe AT-PS 382 429), ist u.a. aus Platzgründen eine einzige durchgehende Lagerachse für sämtliche Pumpendüsen-Kipphebel vorhanden. Durchgehende Lagerachsen für die Pumpendüsen-Kipphebel bei Maschinen mit obenliegender Nockwelle behindern Arbeiten, die nur an den Ventilen bzw. am Ventiltrieb vorzunehmen sind, sehr stark, weil zum Ausbau der Pumpendüsen-Kipphebel in jedem Fall deren gemeinsame Lagerachse vom Zylinderkopf abgenommen werden muss. Hier ist also eine Montage und Demontage der Pumpendüsen-Kipphebel ziemlich schwierig. Ausserdem müssen bei erneutem Zusammenbau der Zylinderkopfmechanik alle Kipphebel neu eingestellt werden, was einen hohen zusätzlichen Arbeitsaufwand erfordert.In a known injection internal combustion engine of this type, in particular a diesel engine, with cylinders arranged in series, an overhead camshaft and valves and a pump nozzle per cylinder, rocker arms for driving the pump nozzles being provided and being detachably fastened to the cylinder head (see AT-PS 382 429) among others For reasons of space, there is a single continuous bearing axis for all pump nozzle rocker arms. Continuous bearing axles for the pump nozzle rocker arm on machines with an overhead camshaft hinder work that is only to be carried out on the valves or on the valve train very much, because to remove the pump nozzle rocker arm their common bearing axis must be removed from the cylinder head. Here, assembly and disassembly of the pump nozzle rocker arms is quite difficult. In addition, all rocker arms must be reset when reassembling the cylinder head mechanism, which requires a lot of additional work.

Ähnliche Nachteile gelten auch für eine Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine nach der FR-PS 1 076 310, bei der ebenfalls alle Pumpendüsen-Kipphebel auf einer einzigen Achse gelagert sind und bei der zusätzlich eine mit einer Regeleinrichtung verbundene durchgehende Stellspindel für alle Pumpendüsen vorgesehen ist.Similar disadvantages also apply to an injection internal combustion engine according to FR-PS 1 076 310, in which all the pump nozzle rocker arms are also mounted on a single axis and in which a continuous adjusting spindle connected to a control device is also provided for all pump nozzles.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und eine Brennkraftmaschine der eingangs Art zu schaffen, bei der ein Aus- und Einbau der die Pumpendüsen betätigenden Kipphebel und der Pumpendüsen in besonders einfacher Weise erfolgen kann.The aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to provide an internal combustion engine of the type described above, in which the rocker arms actuating the pump nozzles and the pump nozzles can be removed and installed in a particularly simple manner.

Dieses Ziel wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß der Antrieb des Einspritznockens der über die Kipphebel die Betätigung der Pumpendüsen bewirkt, abwechselnd für einen Zylinder von der einen Nockenwelle und für den benachbarten Zylinder von der zweiten Nockenwelle aus erfolgt, wobei jeder Kipphebel einzeln auf einer eigenen Lagerachse, bzw. auf einem eigenen Lagerbock, befestigt ist. Durch diese Maßnahmen kann, wenn nötig, der die Pumpendüse betätigende Kipphebel mit geringem Arbeitsaufwand unabhängig von den anderen Kipphebeln entfernt und die Pumpendüse für Service-und Reparaturarbeiten leicht ausgebaut werden. Überdies wird die Zugänglichkeit zu den Ventiltrieben verbessert.This aim is achieved according to the invention in that the drive of the injection cam, which actuates the pump nozzles via the rocker arms, takes place alternately for one cylinder from one camshaft and for the adjacent cylinder from the second camshaft, each rocker arm individually on its own bearing axis , or on its own pedestal, is attached. Through these measures, if necessary, the rocker arm actuating the pump nozzle can be removed independently of the other rocker arms with little effort and the pump nozzle can be easily removed for service and repair work. In addition, the accessibility to the valve trains is improved.

Im Gegensatz dazu wird nach der US-A 2 024 334 eine Nockenwelle je Zylinder von zwei Lagerbügeln niedergehalten; die Kipphebelachsen werden je Zylinder von oben auf die Lagerbügel aufgesetzt. Zum Ausbau müssen diese beiden Lagerbügel samt den Kipphebeln als Einheit abgenommen werden.In contrast to this, according to US Pat. No. 2,024,334, one camshaft per cylinder is held down by two bearing brackets; the rocker arm axles are placed on the bearing bracket from the top of each cylinder. To remove these two bearing brackets together with the rocker arms must be removed as a unit.

Erfindungsgemäß befinden sich zwei Nockenwellen auf dem Zylinderkopf, die von voneinander getrennten Lagerbügeln niedergehalten werden. Die Kipphebelachse für die Pumpendüse wird von oben auf die Lagerbügel aufgesetzt. Die Einspritznocken fur die Pumpendüse befinden sich auf der Nockenwelle, nur an jedem zweiten Zylinder und zwar so, daß diese von Welle zu Welle abwechseln, d.h. für den ersten Zylinder betätigt die Nocke auf der linken Welle und für den zweiten Zylinder die auf der rechten Welle, u.s.w. Zum Ausbau der Pumpendüse reicht es daher, wenn man nur eine Kipphebelachse abnimmt und nicht den Lagerbügel wie nach der US-A 2 024 334.According to the invention there are two camshafts on the cylinder head, which are held down by separate bearing brackets. The rocker arm axis for the pump nozzle is placed on the bearing bracket from above. The injection cams for the pump nozzle are located on the camshaft, only on every second cylinder and in such a way that they alternate from shaft to shaft, i.e. the cam on the left shaft actuates for the first cylinder and the one on the right shaft for the second cylinder, etc. To remove the pump nozzle, it is therefore sufficient if only one rocker arm axis is removed and not the bearing bracket as in US Pat. No. 2,024,334.

Gemäß einer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist es besonders günstig, wenn die lösbare Einzelbefestigung der Kipphebel auf von Schrauben am Zylinderkopf befestigten Lagerachsen, bzw. Lagerböcken, erfolgt, wobei die Schrauben gleichzeitig zur Verankerung von Lagerteilen für die Nockenwellen dienen. Durch diese Maßnahme werden eine noch bessere Zugänglichkeit der einzelnen Kipphebel sowie ein besonders wirtschaftlicher Aufbau von Ventiltrieb und Kipphebelanordnung gewährleistet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is particularly favorable if the detachable individual fastening of the rocker arms takes place on bearing axles or bearing blocks fastened by screws to the cylinder head, the screws simultaneously serving to anchor bearing parts for the camshafts. This measure ensures even better accessibility of the individual rocker arms and a particularly economical construction of the valve train and rocker arm arrangement.

Ein sehr leichter Ausbau der Kipphebel samt Lagerung wird nach einer weiteren vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, daß zur Einzelbefestigung der Kipphebel ein vom Nockenwellenlager, z.B. durch Schrauben, gesondert lösbar befestigter Lagerteil zur Aufnahme der Lagerachse fur einen Kipphebel zum Antrieb einer Pumpendüse vorgesehen ist.A very easy removal of the rocker arms together with storage is achieved according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention in that for the individual fastening of the rocker arms one of the camshaft bearings, e.g. is provided by screws, separately releasably attached bearing part for receiving the bearing axis for a rocker arm for driving a pump nozzle.

Eine besonders wirtschaftliche Befestigungs-und Lagerungsmöglichkeit für die Kipphebel zum Antrieb der Pumpendüse ergibt sich dadurch, daß sich die zur Einzelbefestigung der Kipphebel dienenden Lagerachsen in Längsrichtung der Maschine lediglich über zwei benachbarte Lagerteile fur je eine der beiden Nockenwellen erstrecken.A particularly economical fastening and mounting option for the rocker arms for driving the pump nozzle results from the fact that the bearing axles used for the individual fastening of the rocker arms extend in the longitudinal direction of the machine only over two adjacent bearing parts for each of the two camshafts.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderkopf einer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Maschine nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Zylinderkopf der Maschine nach Fig. 1 bei abgenommenem Zylinderkopfdeckel in verkleinertem Maßstab und
  • Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt der in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Maschine nach der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 2.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through the cylinder head of a preferred embodiment of the machine according to the invention along the line II in FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the cylinder head of the machine of FIG. 1 with the cylinder head cover removed on a reduced scale and
  • 3 shows a longitudinal section of the machine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 along the line 111-111 in FIG. 2nd

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Maschine werden im Zylinderkopf 1 vier Ventile 2 pro Zylinder von zwei obenliegenden Nockenwellen 3 und 4 über Schlepphebel 5 betätigt. Eine Pumpendüse 6 wird von einem Einspritznocken 7 der Nockenwelle 3 oder 4 über einen Kipphebel 8 angetrieben. Der Kipphebel 8 ist auf einer, eine Lagerachse 9 und Lagerteile 10 aufweisenden, Kipphebellagerung angeordnet. Der Zylinderkopf 1 reicht mit seiner Oberkante bis zur Mitte der Nockenwellen 3 und 4. In Zwischenwänden des Zylinderkopfes 1 sind die unteren Lagerschalen 11 der Nockenwellenlager 12 enthalten. Die Lagerteile 10 sind so gestaltet, daß sie die oberen Lagerschalen 13 der Nockenwellenlager 12 aufnehmen.In the machine according to the invention, four valves 2 per cylinder are actuated in the cylinder head 1 by two overhead camshafts 3 and 4 via rocker arms 5. A pump nozzle 6 is driven by an injection cam 7 of the camshaft 3 or 4 via a rocker arm 8. The rocker arm 8 is arranged on a rocker arm bearing having a bearing axis 9 and bearing parts 10. The upper edge of the cylinder head 1 extends to the middle of the camshafts 3 and 4. In the partition walls of the cylinder head 1, the lower bearing shells 11 of the camshaft bearings 12 are included. The bearing parts 10 are designed so that they receive the upper bearing shells 13 of the camshaft bearings 12.

Die vorteilhafte Anordnung des Kipphebelantriebes 7, 8, 9 und damit auch der Nockenwellenlagerungen 12 besteht bei der dargestellten Maschine darin, daß diese abwechselnd einmal auf der rechten und einmal auf der linken Seite des Zylinderkopfes 1 vorgesehen sind. Die Pumpendüse 6 wird dabei abwechselnd einmal von der rechten und einmal von der linken Nockenwelle 3 bzw. 4 entsprechend der gesamten Kipphebelanordnung angetrieben (Fig. 2).The advantageous arrangement of the rocker arm drive 7, 8, 9 and thus also the camshaft bearings 12 in the illustrated machine is that these are alternately provided once on the right and once on the left side of the cylinder head 1. The pump nozzle 6 is driven alternately once by the right and once by the left camshaft 3 or 4, corresponding to the entire rocker arm arrangement (FIG. 2).

Die erfindungsgemäße Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine ist also insbesondere eine Dieselmaschine in Reihenbauart mit obenliegender Nockenwelle 3 sowie zwei Ventilen 2 und je einer Pumpendüse 6 pro Zylinder. Dabei sind pro Zylinder ein Einspritznokken 7 zum Antrieb eines Kipphebels 8 für die Pumpendüse 6 und gegebenenfalls Schlepphebel 5 zur Betätigung der Ventile 2 vorgesehen. Die Lagerachse 9 der Kipphebel 8 ist an der oberen Lagerhälfte der Nockenwelle 3 angeordnet und die Kipphebel 8 selbst bzw. deren Lagerachsen 9 sind am Zylinderkopf 1 lösbar befestigt. Zwei weitere Ventile 2 pro Zylinder und eine zweite Nockenwelle 4 sind vorgesehen. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt der Antrieb des Einspritznockens 7 für die Kipphebel 8 zur Betätigung der Pumpendüsen 6 abwechselnd für einen Zylinder von der einen Nockenwelle 3 und für den benachbarten Zylinder von der weiteren Nockenwelle 4 aus, wobei jeder Kipphebel 8 einzeln befestigt ist. Hierbei ist jeder Kipphebel 8 oberhalb der zugeordneten Nockenwelle 3 bzw. 4, z.B. durch Schrauben 14, für einen gesonderten Ausbau nur eines einzigen Kipphebels 8 bzw. dessen Lagers vom Ventiltrieb (2, 3, 4, 5) im Bedarfsfall gesichert. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die lösbare Befestigung der Lagerachsen 9 bzw. Lagerböcke fur die Kipphebel 8 am Zylinderkopf 1 durch Schrauben 14, die gleichzeitig zur Verankerung der als Bügel ausgebildeten Lagerteile 10 für die Nockenwellen 3 bzw. 4 dienen.The injection internal combustion engine according to the invention is therefore, in particular, a diesel engine in series with an overhead camshaft 3 and two valves 2 and one pump nozzle 6 per cylinder. An injection cam 7 is provided per cylinder for driving a rocker arm 8 for the pump nozzle 6 and, if necessary, rocker arms 5 for actuating the valves 2. The bearing axis 9 of the rocker arms 8 is arranged on the upper bearing half of the camshaft 3 and the rocker arms 8 themselves or their bearing axes 9 are detachably attached to the cylinder head 1. Two further valves 2 per cylinder and a second camshaft 4 are provided. According to the invention, the injection cam 7 is driven for the rocker arms 8 for actuating the pump nozzles 6 alternately for one cylinder from one camshaft 3 and for the adjacent cylinder from the other camshaft 4, each rocker arm 8 being individually fastened. Here, each rocker arm 8 is above the assigned camshaft 3 or 4, e.g. secured by screws 14 for a separate removal of only a single rocker arm 8 or its bearing from the valve train (2, 3, 4, 5) if necessary. Preferably, the releasable attachment of the bearing axles 9 or bearing blocks for the rocker arms 8 to the cylinder head 1 is carried out by screws 14, which at the same time serve to anchor the bearing parts 10 designed as brackets for the camshafts 3 and 4.

Es ist aber auch möglich, daß das Lager 12 für die Nockenwelle 3 bzw. 4 an seiner Oberseite mindestens einen, z.B. durch Schrauben, lösbar befestigten gesonderten Lagerteil (nicht dargestellt) zur Aufnahme der Lagerachse 9 für einen Kipphebel 8 zum Antrieb einer Pumpendüse 6 aufweist.However, it is also possible that the bearing 12 for the camshaft 3 or 4 has at least one, e.g. by screws, detachably fastened separate bearing part (not shown) for receiving the bearing axis 9 for a rocker arm 8 for driving a pump nozzle 6.

Aus Fig. 3 ist ersichtlich, daß sich beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel die Lagerachsen 9 für die einzelnen Kipphebel 8 in Längsrichtung der Maschine lediglich über zwei benachbarte Lagerteile 10 für je eine der beiden Nockenwellen 3 bzw. 4 erstrecken.From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the bearing axes 9 for the individual rocker arms 8 in the longitudinal direction of the machine only extend over two adjacent bearing parts 10 for each of the two camshafts 3 and 4 in the embodiment shown.

Aus Fig. 1 ist ersichtlich, daß der Kipphebel 8 an einem Ende vom Einspritznocken 7 über eine Druckrolle 24 betätigt wird. Die Druckrolle 24 ist am Kipphebel 8 mittels einer Achse 25 gelagert. An seinem anderen Ende ist der Kipphebel 8 durch eine Verschraubung 16 mit dem Stößel 15 der Pumpendüse 6 verbunden. Auf jeder Nockenwelle 3 und 4 sind Nocken 26 angeordnet, die zum Antrieb der die Ventile 2 betätigenden Schlepphebel 5 dienen. Die Schlepphebel 5 sind durch eine Verschraubung 18 am Zylinderkopf 1 fixiert. Weiters ist für jedes Nokkenwellenlager 12 eine weitere Schraube 17 zur Befestigung des Lagerteiles 10 am Zylinderkopf 1 vorgesehen. Der Zylinderkopfdeckel ist mit 19 bezeichnet.From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the rocker arm 8 is actuated at one end by the injection cam 7 via a pressure roller 24. The pressure roller 24 is mounted on the rocker arm 8 by means of an axis 25. At its other end, the rocker arm 8 is connected to the tappet 15 of the pump nozzle 6 by a screw connection 16. Arranged on each camshaft 3 and 4 are cams 26 which serve to drive the rocker arms 5 actuating the valves 2. The rocker arms 5 are fixed to the cylinder head 1 by a screw connection 18. Furthermore, a further screw 17 is provided for fastening the bearing part 10 to the cylinder head 1 for each camshaft bearing 12. The cylinder head cover is designated 19.

Aus Fig. 2 ist die versetzte Anordnung der Kipphebellager (Kipphebel 8, Lagerachse 9) und Nockenwellenlager (Lagerteil 10) bei abgenommenem Zylinderkopfdeckel deutlich ersichtlich.2 shows the offset arrangement of the rocker arm bearings (rocker arm 8, bearing axis 9) and camshaft bearings (bearing part 10) with the cylinder head cover removed.

Fig. 3 zeigt das der Nockenwelle 4 zugeordnete Ventilpaar. Dieses Ventilpaar besteht aus zwei Ventilen 2, die jeweils einen Ventilteller 22, einen Ventilschaft 23 sowie einen Federteller 20 aufweisen. Die durch strichpunktierte Linien angedeuteten Ventilfedern sind mit 21 bezeichnet.3 shows the pair of valves assigned to the camshaft 4. This pair of valves consists of two valves 2, each having a valve plate 22, a valve stem 23 and a spring plate 20. The valve springs indicated by dash-dotted lines are designated by 21.

Der besondere Vorteil der dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß nur eine Kipphebellagerachse 9 entfernt werden muß, um eine bestimmte Pumpendüse 6 ausbauen zu können, während die beiden Nockenwellen 3 und 4 und der gesamte übrige Ventiltrieb in Einbaulage verbleiben.The particular advantage of the illustrated embodiment according to the invention is that only one rocker arm bearing axis 9 has to be removed in order to be able to remove a specific pump nozzle 6, while the two camshafts 3 and 4 and the entire remaining valve train remain in the installed position.

Claims (4)

1. An injection-type internal combustion engine, especially a diesel engine, whose cylinders are arranged in line, with two overhead camshafts (3 and 4), and four valves (2) and a central pump nozzle (6) for each cylinder, and with detachable rocker arms (8) being provided on the cylinder head (1) above the respective camshaft (3, 4), for actuation of the pump nozzles (6), wherein the injection cam (7) for actuation of the pump nozzles (6) via the rocker arms (8) is operated from the two camshafts (3, 4) in turn, i.e., one camshaft (3) for one cylinder and the other camshaft (4) for the adjacent cylinder, each rocker arm (8) being mounted individually on a separate bearing axle (9) or on a separate bearing block.
2. An injection-type internal combustion engine in accordance with claim 1, wherein the individual rocker arms (8) are detachably mounted on bearing axles (9) or bearing blocks fastened on the cylinder head (1) by means of screws (14), the screws (14) serving for the purpose of securing bearing parts (10) of the camshafts (3, 4) at the same time.
3. An injection-type internal combustion engine in accordance with claim 1, wherein a bearing part is provided for individually supporting the rocker arms (8), which bearing part is detachably fastened, for instance with screws, independently of the camshaft bearing (12), and which is designed to support the bearing axle (9) of a rocker arm (8) actuating a pump nozzle (6).
4. An injection-type internal combustion engine in accordance with any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bearing axles (9) used for individually mounting the rocker arms (8) do not extend beyond two adjacent bearing parts (10) for either of the two camshafts t3, 4), as seen in longitudinal direction of the engine.
EP88890055A 1987-03-23 1988-03-15 Injection internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0285598B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT690/87 1987-03-23
AT0069087A AT403944B (en) 1987-03-23 1987-03-23 INJECTION ENGINE

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EP0285598A1 EP0285598A1 (en) 1988-10-05
EP0285598B1 true EP0285598B1 (en) 1990-10-31

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EP88890055A Expired - Lifetime EP0285598B1 (en) 1987-03-23 1988-03-15 Injection internal-combustion engine

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US (1) US4836171A (en)
EP (1) EP0285598B1 (en)
AT (1) AT403944B (en)
DE (1) DE3860912D1 (en)
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DE102017118862A1 (en) 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Man Truck & Bus Ag Device for rotatably supporting a camshaft
EP3842622A1 (en) 2017-08-18 2021-06-30 MAN Truck & Bus SE Device for rotatably supporting a camshaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA69087A (en) 1997-11-15
DE3860912D1 (en) 1990-12-06
ES2003857A4 (en) 1988-12-01
US4836171A (en) 1989-06-06
AT403944B (en) 1998-06-25
EP0285598A1 (en) 1988-10-05
ES2003857B3 (en) 1991-05-01

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