EP0283337B1 - Behälter für den Lufttransport gefährlicher Stoffe - Google Patents

Behälter für den Lufttransport gefährlicher Stoffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0283337B1
EP0283337B1 EP88400320A EP88400320A EP0283337B1 EP 0283337 B1 EP0283337 B1 EP 0283337B1 EP 88400320 A EP88400320 A EP 88400320A EP 88400320 A EP88400320 A EP 88400320A EP 0283337 B1 EP0283337 B1 EP 0283337B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
enclosure
cap
container
external
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400320A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0283337A1 (de
Inventor
Raphael Brissier
Christian Gaillard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0283337A1 publication Critical patent/EP0283337A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0283337B1 publication Critical patent/EP0283337B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/06—Details of, or accessories to, the containers
    • G21F5/08—Shock-absorbers, e.g. impact buffers for containers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S206/00—Special receptacle or package
    • Y10S206/814—Space filler
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/27—Vents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/902—Foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/918—Spacing element for separating the walls of a spaced-wall container
    • Y10S220/92—Shock absorbing spacing element, e.g. spring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a container for air transport of a dangerous substance.
  • Transport containers are already known which are intended to confine a dangerous material, in particular radioactive material.
  • French document FR-A-2 454 158 (Transnuklear) describes a container for the transport of irradiated fuel elements consisting of a removable inner container housed in an outer container, each container having its own lid.
  • Shock absorbers are arranged at each end of the outer enclosure; they are made of sheet steel and are filled with polyurethane foam specially designed to provide the crush resistance necessary to withstand an impact.
  • a transport container intended for the air transport of a radioactive specimen must be able to resist an impact occurring at a speed which should not not be less than 130 m per second, occurring at right angles to a flat and rigid surface, followed by static compression of 35,000 decanewton by means of a steel bar 5 cm in diameter arranged parallel to a flat surface on which the container rests; a punch on a steel stake with a ballast of 250 kg, all falling by 3 m; when a 45 kg steel bar 45 m high falls onto the container with an angle of 45 ° from the vertical; to a kerosene fire for sixty minutes; and finally immersion for eight hours under 1 m of water.
  • the present invention specifically relates to the creation of such a container capable of successfully undergoing the severe tests imposed for air transport.
  • the annular space between the cap and the external enclosure constitutes a receptacle for deformations of the wall of the external enclosure.
  • the material used is not a shock absorbing material but a lining foam. Vents are provided to avoid trapping the air trapped in this foam. Tests have shown that it is possible to remove this foam.
  • the caps allow the integrity of the external enclosure to be maintained, such that it retains sufficient strength to protect the internal enclosure during the following tests (punching, dropping, kerosene fire). It is indeed the internal enclosure which must remain sealed to prevent any release of radioactivity.
  • the transport container shown in Figure 1 consists of a containment enclosure 2 containing a hazardous material, for example a radioactive specimen 4 such as an irradiated fuel assembly.
  • a hazardous material for example a radioactive specimen 4 such as an irradiated fuel assembly.
  • the internal confinement enclosure 2 consists of two walls 6 spaced from one another and made of a metal, generally a stainless steel with high mechanical characteristics. The space separating the two walls 6 is filled with a damping material 8, generally redwood, balsa wood or the like.
  • the damping material can also be constituted by a metallic honeycomb structure.
  • the cavity of the internal confinement enclosure which contains the radioactive specimen 4 is sealed by a plug 10.
  • the internal confinement enclosure 2 is disposed inside an external confinement enclosure 14 constituted also two spaced metal walls, respectively an inner wall 16 and an outer wall 18.
  • the thickness of the damping material 20 and the arrangement of its fibers, in the case where it is made of wood, are determined by calculation to absorb the kinetic energy of the assembly which impacts on the target.
  • a reinforcement consisting of a thick and rigid plate, for example metallic, intended to distribute the forces on the internal confinement enclosure 2, which must be able to deform slightly while retaining its seal.
  • the reinforcement 12a located at the closed end of the enclosure 2 is embedded in the damping material 20 of the external enclosure 14.
  • the reinforcement 12b is put in place after the closure of the plug 10.
  • a removable plug 22 also made of a damping material such as redwood or balsa wood.
  • a cap 24 is provided at each end of the external confinement enclosure 14.
  • Each of the caps 24 consists of a double external wall 28 and of a lining material 30 preferably made up of polyurethane foam.
  • Each cap 24 is fixed to the external confinement enclosure by a suitable means, for example turnbuckles 32. These turnbuckles provide mechanical strength only during assembly of the container and during its transport, but play no role at the time of the impact.
  • the two steel sheets 28 which constitute the double external wall are assembled together by gluing, preferably by means of a flexible epoxy adhesive which ensures better shrinking.
  • Polyurethane foam 30 is also glued to the steel sheets 28 by a flexible epoxy adhesive. The function of this foam is to allow the radial expansion in the form of folds of the external confinement enclosure 14 and of the damping material which is contained in this enclosure 14 when it is compressed longitudinally by absorbing the kinetic energy of the shock.
  • chambers 33 constituted by annular grooves are formed in the damping material 20 of the external confinement enclosure, at each end of the enclosure. These rooms have the function of evacuating the residual air trapped in the external enclosure and which could be compressed during the impact.
  • each of the chambers 32 is placed in communication with the atmosphere outside the container by a series of vents 34 formed in the cylindrical wall of the plugs 24 as well as by one or more vents 36 formed in its bottom.
  • FIG. 2 There is shown, in the upper half of FIG. 2, a half-view in partial longitudinal section showing the deformation of the external confinement enclosure very little time (0.2 milliseconds) after an impact occurring at a high speed. , for example of the order of 130m per second, against a hard and rigid obstacle 38. It is noted that the shock occurs in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the obstacle 38.
  • the layer of the lining material 30 located at the the interior of the cap 24 has been compressed between the obstacle 38 and the end of the container.
  • the double wall 28, 28 of the cap 24 begins to deform.
  • the external wall 18 of the external confinement enclosure began to deform under the effect of the impact.
  • the filling material 20, which has a greater rigidity than that of the filling foam 30, is still substantially in an undeformed state.
  • the rods of the turnbuckles 32 began to flex under the effect of the longitudinal displacement of the cap 24 relative to the external confinement enclosure 14.
  • these rods are calculated so as to have a cross section such that their resistance mechanical is weak compared to that of the cap and the outer enclosure, so as to break soon after impact without exerting any significant effort on the outer wall 18 or on the double wall 28, 28 of the cap. Thanks to this characteristic, there is no concentration of stress at the level of the fixing of the turnbuckle to the outer wall 18, and the enclosure is not weakened or cracked at this location.
  • the diameter of the turnbuckle rods is calculated so as to be sufficient to maintain the cap during normal operation of the container, that is to say during its transport and handling.
  • the cap must be able to move in translation relative to the external enclosure without any appreciable resistance other than the compression of the lining material 30.
  • the turnbuckles play the role of mechanical fuses.
  • the role of the packing material 30 was on the one hand to absorb the shock on the front end of the container and on the other hand to exert an external compression force which balances the compression force exerted on the wall 18 by the damping material 20.
  • the cap is immobilized by very large forces, so that it is securely held integral with the external confinement enclosure. It therefore remains firmly linked to this enclosure and is not ejected at the time of impact or after. Consequently, the cap constitutes a protection for the weakened end of the enclosure, for the subsequent stages of the test such as: punching, static compression, punching on a steel stake and kerosene fire.
  • FIG. 3 represents two deformation curves, respectively the deformation curve 40 of the damping material 20 and the deformation curve 42 of the lining material 30 of the cap 24, under the effect of a compressive force ⁇ .
  • each of these curves has a rectilinear part, 40a, 42a respectively and a bearing which is substantially rectilinear to the axis ⁇ of the deformations 40b, 42b respectively.
  • the rectilinear parts 40b and 42b are called crushing stages.
  • the values of these crushing stages are characteristics of the material.
  • the level of crushing of the damping material 20 is much higher than the level of crushing the foam 30.
  • the level ⁇ a of the damping material 20 is ten to twelve times higher than the level of crushing ⁇ m of the foam 30. It has been determined that such a ratio between the crushing stages makes it possible to achieve an optimal result.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Transportbehälter für einen gefährlichen Stoff, enthaltend eine innere Hülle (2), die eine Menge eines gefährlichen Stoffes (4) umschließt, eine äußere Hülle (14), die die innere Hülle (2) umschließt, wobei die innere Hülle (2) zwei Wände (6) aufweist, die von einem Stoßdämpfungsmaterial (8) auf Abstand gehalten sind, die äußere Hülle aus einer Wand (18) und einem Stoßdämpfungsmaterial (20) besteht, wobei eine Schutzkappe (24) an beiden Enden der äußeren Hülle (14) angeordnet ist, jede Schutzkappe (24) wenigstens eine Außenwand (28), die mechanisch widerstandsfähig ist, und eine Schicht (30) aus einem Material umfaßt, das zwischen der Außenwand (28) und der Schutzkappe (24) und der äußeren Hülle (14) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die zwischen der Außenwand (28) der Schutzkappe (24) und der äußeren Hülle (14) angeordnete Schichten (20) eine Auskleidungs- oder Dämmschicht aus einem Auskleidungsmaterial ist, das aus einem Schaum besteht, dessen Stauchgrad 10 bis 12 mal schwächer als das des Dämpfungsmaterials (20) ist;
    die schutzkappen mechanisch von der äußeren Hülle (14) getrennt sind;
    das Paar Dämmaterial/Schutzkappe eine Führungs- und Haltefunktion ausführt und Verformungen der Wand der äußeren Hülle verhindert;
    die schutzkappe einen Behälter bildet, der die Außenwand (18) nach ihrer Verformung unter der Einwirkung eines Aufschlags des Behälters auf ein Hindernis (38) enthält; und
    er Spannschlösser (32) enthält, die die mechanische Befestigung der schutzkappen (24) auf der äußeren Hülle bewirken, wenn der Behälter keinerlei außergewöhnlicher Belastung unterworfen ist, wobei diese Spannschlösser derart dimensioniert sind, daß ihr mechanischer Widerstand schwach gegenüber dem der Schutzkappen (24) ist, damit sie sich wie mechanische Sicherungen im Augenblick des Aufschlags verhalten, indem sie zerbrechen, ohne daß eine Kraft, die schädliche Rückstöße haben kann, auf die Schutzkappen (24) und auf die äußere Hülle (14) einwirkt.
  2. Behälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Schutzkappe (24) eine Außenwand aufweist, die von zwei Schichten (28, 28) gebildet sind, die miteinander durch Verklebung verbunden sind.
  3. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schicht aus dem Auskleidungsmaterial (30) auf die doppelte Außenwand (28) geklebt ist.
  4. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Verstärkung (12a, 12b), die aus einer dicken Platte aus einem steifen Material besteht, an beiden Enden der inneren Hülle (2) vorgesehen ist, um die Kräfte, die sich bei einem Aufschlag auf ein starres Hindernis entwickeln, auf diese Hülle (2) zu verteilen.
EP88400320A 1987-02-16 1988-02-12 Behälter für den Lufttransport gefährlicher Stoffe Expired - Lifetime EP0283337B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8701927 1987-02-16
FR8701927A FR2610907B1 (fr) 1987-02-16 1987-02-16 Conteneur de transport aerien pour matieres dangereuses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0283337A1 EP0283337A1 (de) 1988-09-21
EP0283337B1 true EP0283337B1 (de) 1992-05-20

Family

ID=9347951

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400320A Expired - Lifetime EP0283337B1 (de) 1987-02-16 1988-02-12 Behälter für den Lufttransport gefährlicher Stoffe

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4815605A (de)
EP (1) EP0283337B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63222299A (de)
DE (1) DE3871200D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2610907B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4969750A (en) * 1988-10-14 1990-11-13 Rousseau Research Inc. Method of shipment and containment of hazardous liquids
US5199795A (en) * 1988-10-14 1993-04-06 Rousseau Research, Inc. Packaging for shipment and containment of hazardous wastes
US5085343A (en) * 1989-10-23 1992-02-04 Martin Marietta Corporation Nested tank construction
US5080225A (en) * 1989-11-20 1992-01-14 Russo Laurence M Universal diagnostic sample packaging tray and pouch
DE4118857C2 (de) * 1991-06-07 1993-10-14 Flam X Verwaltung Behältersystem
DE4447226C2 (de) * 1994-12-30 1997-08-21 Heinz B Mader Mehrteiliger Transportbehälter
US6567265B1 (en) * 1995-11-20 2003-05-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Apparatus having flexible mounting mechanism
US7350665B2 (en) * 1999-04-19 2008-04-01 Claude Leon Hembert Device to protect the domes and ends of a composite tank
US6166391A (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-12-26 General Electric Company Uranium oxide shipping container
AU2001243251A1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-09-03 Scott Technologies, Inc. Packaging for shipping compressed gas cylinders
GB2393426B (en) * 2002-09-28 2007-06-06 Cooper Cameron Corp Underwater enclosure apparatus and method for constructing the same
KR100607672B1 (ko) * 2004-02-03 2006-08-01 삼성전자주식회사 냉장고용 포장유닛
JP4221029B2 (ja) * 2004-08-10 2009-02-12 三菱重工業株式会社 キャスク用緩衝体
FR2907961B1 (fr) * 2006-10-26 2009-01-23 Cogema Conteneur pour le stockage de dechets radioactifs.
JP5010491B2 (ja) * 2008-01-30 2012-08-29 三菱重工業株式会社 リサイクル燃料集合体収納用バスケット及びリサイクル燃料集合体収納容器、並びにリサイクル燃料集合体収納用バスケットの製造方法
JP4681681B1 (ja) * 2010-07-02 2011-05-11 三菱重工業株式会社 キャスク用緩衝体

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3608769A (en) * 1969-06-09 1971-09-28 Nuclear Engineering Co Inc Shipping container arrangement
US3886368A (en) * 1973-02-27 1975-05-27 Nuclear Fuel Services Spent fuel shipping cask
US4116337A (en) * 1976-04-29 1978-09-26 N L Industries, Inc. Impact absorbing means for shipping cask
US4190160A (en) * 1979-03-06 1980-02-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Accident resistant transport container
DE2915376C2 (de) * 1979-04-14 1984-02-02 Transnuklear Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Behälterkombination für den Transport und die Lagerung bestrahlter Brennelemente aus Kernreaktoren
DE3028424C2 (de) * 1980-07-26 1984-05-30 Transnuklear Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Stoßdämpfer
DE3037328C2 (de) * 1980-10-02 1982-12-23 Transnuklear Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Stoßdämpfer für Behälter zum Transport und/oder zur Lagerung von radioaktivem Material
US4588088A (en) * 1983-01-10 1986-05-13 Allen Arthur A Container assembly for storing toxic material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2610907B1 (fr) 1989-07-13
JPS63222299A (ja) 1988-09-16
US4815605A (en) 1989-03-28
EP0283337A1 (de) 1988-09-21
DE3871200D1 (de) 1992-06-25
FR2610907A1 (fr) 1988-08-19

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