EP0281752B1 - Moulage en moules pleins et dispositif - Google Patents

Moulage en moules pleins et dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281752B1
EP0281752B1 EP88101270A EP88101270A EP0281752B1 EP 0281752 B1 EP0281752 B1 EP 0281752B1 EP 88101270 A EP88101270 A EP 88101270A EP 88101270 A EP88101270 A EP 88101270A EP 0281752 B1 EP0281752 B1 EP 0281752B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
pattern
reduced pressure
mould method
full mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88101270A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0281752A2 (fr
EP0281752A3 (en
Inventor
Joachim Dipl.-Ing. Bolle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau AG
Original Assignee
Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG
Publication of EP0281752A2 publication Critical patent/EP0281752A2/fr
Publication of EP0281752A3 publication Critical patent/EP0281752A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281752B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281752B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/03—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings formed by vacuum-sealed moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a full molding process in which a completely positive model made of a thermally decomposable material is inserted into a molding box with sand, the sand is solidified by shaking, the casting metal is poured onto the thermally decomposable model and the model is decomposed by the casting heat, and a device to perform the procedure.
  • Molds which consist of two halves are usually used to produce castings. However, this division of the molds can only be carried out within certain dimensional tolerances, which means that errors can occur on the casting within the division level due to offset burrs, sand leaching, penetration of metal into the sand mold, burnt-on sand, etc. All of these errors occur on the casting Appearance and must be remedied by sanding, severing, chopping, sawing, etc.
  • an undivided model is inserted into a molding box with loose dry sand in the so-called full molding process.
  • it is made of a thermally decomposable material, so that the model is decomposed by the casting heat.
  • a burr-free casting is created.
  • not all types of models can be molded in this way, in particular shaped pieces with dome-like cavities such as pump housings and the like cannot be embedded satisfactorily in the sand, since the sand does not rise into these cavities.
  • a disadvantage of this known full molding process is therefore that such shaped pieces cannot be molded and cast by this process, but must be produced with loose cores or according to the conventional multi-part molding process. All fittings in which the sand would have to rise into such cavities as in communicating tubes are thus excluded from the known advantageous full molding process.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the full molding process in such a way that moldings with critical cavities are securely molded and filled by the molding sand.
  • Another task here is to compact the molding sand in a controlled manner.
  • the object is achieved in that during the sand filling the sand for enclosing the model is exposed to a pressure difference in the sand filling direction.
  • the filling and solidification of the sand in the critical cavities is particularly favored by the fact that, while the sand is subjected to a vacuum, it is simultaneously shaken.
  • the negative pressure is only switched off after the shaking has ended.
  • the sand is securely solidified on all sides around the shaped piece, without the risk of the sand loosening again.
  • the negative pressure is introduced into the mold box below the casting model, preferably through the bottom of the molding box, it is achieved that all cavities of the casting model are properly filled with sand and this is compacted on the model.
  • the level of the vacuum is determined depending on the nature of the sand. Because the vacuum is reduced with increasing filling height of the molding sand, the force counteracting the vibrating force is gradually reduced and thus enables a uniform compression at all filling levels. In any case, however, when the level of the model is reached, the negative pressure is brought to the height specified for enclosing the model.
  • the rising of the sand in the model hollow Space is favored in that the fill level of the molding sand in the vicinity of the cavity of the model to be filled is kept approximately constant until the cavity is completely filled.
  • the model is enclosed with unbound sand.
  • the device for carrying out the method is characterized in that the interior of the molding box is connected to a vacuum device via a feed line. A rapid and uniform application of negative pressure to the sand is brought about in that the molding box is surrounded by a ring line which is connected to its interior and the supply line via air outlet openings. Because the air outlet opening is arranged below the casting model, the model cavities are filled particularly reliably. The air outlet opening is preferably arranged on the bottom of the molding box.
  • a control device is assigned to the vacuum device.
  • a molding box 1 In a molding box 1, one or more complete positive models are inserted as grapes, of which only one model 2 with a cavity 20 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the model 2 - like the pouring tube 21 and the grape runs 22 - made of a - thermally decomposable material, for example polystyrene, and represents a section through part of a radial pump housing.
  • the molding box 1 is filled with dry sand, preferably with unbound sand.
  • a somewhat coarser quartz sand, as is usually used for molding, has proven to be suitable.
  • a vibrating device 4 is assigned to the molding box 1, which is mounted so that it can vibrate, by means of which the sand is shaken and thereby compacted.
  • a pressure difference in the filling direction is built up in molding box 1 during filling, this pressure difference being able to be generated by applying overpressure to the top of the molding box or preferably being generated by a vacuum device 50.
  • This vacuum device 50 is connected to the interior of the molding box 1 via a feed line 5.
  • the air outlet opening 51 of the molding box 1 is expediently provided below the model 2 in a side wall of the molding box 1, or, what is preferred, in the bottom of the molding box 1. This is indicated by the supply line 5 ⁇ .
  • the side walls of the molding box 1 are provided with a multiplicity of air outlet openings 51 and enclosed by a ring line 52, so that the vacuum is effective quickly and uniformly in the molding box 1.
  • Ring lines 52 can be installed at different heights, which are acted upon one after the other according to the filling level.
  • a ring line 52 can also be provided, the height of which can be adjusted.
  • the molding sand is filled from a sand feed device 6 into the molding box 1 via a shut-off device 61.
  • the application of negative pressure to the sand during the filling of the molding box surprisingly causes the sand to rise into the critical cavities 20 of the model 2 or other fittings previously excluded from the full molding process.
  • the critical cavities are filled with sand and solidified particularly reliably when a negative pressure of 0.5 bar is applied and the negative pressure below the model 2 is introduced into the molding box, in particular also through the bottom of the molding box 1 through.
  • the negative pressure counteracts the vibrating force
  • the negative pressure is brought to the required and fixed height during the filling (FIG. 2 c).
  • the air and thus also the sand entrained by it flows into the cavity 20 It is also essential for a reliable and complete filling of the cavity (s) 20 that the air and thus also the sand entrained by it flows into the cavity 20. This is ensured by the fact that the filling height of the molding sand in the vicinity of the cavity 20 to be filled is kept approximately constant during the time of filling.
  • a flow lane is indicated by the flow arrows, through which the sand is entrained and transported into the cavity 20.
  • the sand feed into the molding box 1 is interrupted, for example, when the model level is reached, or is moved to a location at which this flow lane is not filled up and thus the filling of the model is not hindered.
  • Filling the cavity 20 is supported and favored by shaking the sand while it is subjected to negative pressure. This can be preceded by shaking without negative pressure.
  • the actuation of the vacuum device and the sand feed device 6 in the manner described in the method can be carried out manually or also by a control device, as is shown schematically for example in FIG. 1.
  • a measuring sensor 7 is assigned to the molding box 1, which in each case emits a signal to a microprocessor 71 when a predetermined lowering depth of the box corresponding to the filling height in the molding box 1 is reached.
  • the microprocessor 71 is connected to the vacuum device 50 and a measuring element 53 assigned to it and regulates the vacuum in relation to the fill level in the molding box 1 and when the model level is reached.
  • the microprocessor 71 controls the sand feed into the molding box 1 via the shut-off element 61.
  • the microprocessor 71 can also be connected to the vibrating device 4 for control purposes. Corresponding information, for example about the level of the negative pressure then to be applied, can also be input to the microprocessor 71 when using a molding sand of a different nature and thus with other compression properties.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins, d'après lequel un modèle positif complet, décomposable thermiquement, est mis en place dans un châssis de moule avec du sable, puis le sable est tassé au moyen de secousses, le métal de la coulée est versé sur le modèle décomposable thermiquement et le modèle est décomposé par la chaleur de la coulée, procédé caractérisé en ce que, pendant le remplissage de sable, le sable devant entourer le modèle est soumis à une différence de pression suivant la direction de remplissage du sable.
2. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sable d'entourage du modèle est soumis, pendant l'introduction du sable de remplissage, à une dépression.
3. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le sable est secoué en même temps qu'il est soumis à une dépression.
4. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la dépression n'est arrêtée qu'après la fin des secousses.
5. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'introduction de la dépression dans le châssis 1 de moule s'effectue en dessous du modèle de fonderie, de pré­férence par la base du châssis de moule.
6. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de la dépression est déterminé en fonction de la nature du sable.
7. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins, notamment selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la dépression est réduite au fur et à mesure de l'augmenta­tion du niveau du sable de moulage.
8. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon l'une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, pour atteindre le niveau du modèle, la dépression est amenée à la valeur fixée pour l'enrobage du modèle.
9. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de remplissage du sable de moulage,à proximité de la cavité du modèle à remplir,est maintenu à peu près constant jus­qu'à ce que la cavité soit remplie.
10. Procédé de moulage en moules pleins selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le modèle est entouré de sable non lié.
11. Dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,ayant un châssis de moule et un dispositif de secousses adjoint au châssis de moule, dispositif caractérisé en ce que la chambre intérieure du châssis (1) de moule est reliée par une conduite (5) d'ame­née à un dispositif (50) générateur d'une dépression.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caracté­risé en ce que le châssis de moule est entouré d'une con­duite annulaire (52) qui est reliée par des ouvertures (51) de sortie d'air à sa chambre intérieure et à la conduite (5) d'amenée.
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (51) de sortie d'air est disposée en-dessous du modèle (2) de fonderie.
14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (51) de sortie d'air est disposée à la base du châssis (1) de moule.
15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif (7, 71) de commande est adjoint au dispositif (50) générateur d'une dépression.
EP88101270A 1987-03-09 1988-01-29 Moulage en moules pleins et dispositif Expired - Lifetime EP0281752B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3707467 1987-03-09
DE3707467A DE3707467C1 (de) 1987-03-09 1987-03-09 Vollformverfahren und -vorrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281752A2 EP0281752A2 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0281752A3 EP0281752A3 (en) 1989-03-15
EP0281752B1 true EP0281752B1 (fr) 1991-03-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88101270A Expired - Lifetime EP0281752B1 (fr) 1987-03-09 1988-01-29 Moulage en moules pleins et dispositif

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4958674A (fr)
EP (1) EP0281752B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3707467C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2021764B3 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5000244A (en) * 1989-12-04 1991-03-19 General Motors Corporation Lost foam casting of dual alloy engine block
USH1769H (en) * 1995-06-06 1999-01-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Optimized recursive foundry tooling fabrication method
US6453976B1 (en) 1999-10-29 2002-09-24 Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. Lost foam countergravity casting
US6715536B1 (en) 2002-07-25 2004-04-06 Torque-Traction Technologies, Inc. Full mold casting process and device for a differential case
DE102004027638B3 (de) * 2004-06-05 2006-02-09 Albert Handtmann Metallgusswerk Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Transport und zur Verdichtung der Formstoffpartikel bei der Formherstellung mittels Vollformgießverfahrens
CN102974762A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-03-20 昌图县吉派机械铸造有限责任公司 真空消失模铸造工艺
CN103920850B (zh) * 2014-04-28 2016-07-06 文水县易鑫铸造有限公司 一种v法铸造工艺
CN104325075A (zh) * 2014-10-08 2015-02-04 柳州金茂机械有限公司 一种v法铸造工艺
JP6235524B2 (ja) * 2015-04-17 2017-11-22 ファナック株式会社 砂鋳型を製造する砂鋳型製造システムおよび砂鋳型製造方法
CN104985119A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2015-10-21 上柴动力海安有限公司 一种消失模铸造发动机缸体缸盖的工艺
CN104985121A (zh) * 2015-06-23 2015-10-21 吉林省威创机电工程有限公司 一种车辆中大型冲压模具的铸造方法
CN106238675A (zh) * 2016-07-30 2016-12-21 安徽全柴天和机械有限公司 一种提高消失模铸造发动机缸体成品率的工艺
CN107150105A (zh) * 2017-06-21 2017-09-12 阳城县华王通用离心铸管厂 薄壁管件消失模eps珠粒加压充料装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3707467C1 (de) 1988-08-04
ES2021764B3 (es) 1991-11-16
US4958674A (en) 1990-09-25
EP0281752A2 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0281752A3 (en) 1989-03-15
DE3861876D1 (de) 1991-04-11

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