Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/40—Monoamines or polyamines; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
  • C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
  • C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
  • C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite

Definitions

• the present patent application relates to a detergent which contains customary surfactants and builders and a fabric softener component composed of a tertiary amine and a layered silicate.
• the present invention therefore relates to a detergent which softens textiles and contains customary surfactants and builders and a textile softener component composed of a) a tertiary amine of the formula I.
• This synthetic layered silicate is described in the earlier European patent application No. 86/109 717.8, the disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference in this patent application.
• n H2O stands for the water bound in the crystal phase.
• These finely divided clay minerals are to be understood as layered silicates with structural features of mica-like layered silicates, but with a disorder in the connection of adjacent layers.
• a structural formula as usually given in idealized form for clay minerals can only be established for the layered silicates according to the invention with additional assumptions.
• the chemical composition of the new compounds has more Na2O and SiO2 than the associated smectite saponite or hectorite. It can be assumed that this Layered silicates contain, in addition to the layered structure typical of mica-like compounds of this type, structural units of embedded sodium silicates.
• the crystallization of the layered silicates can presumably be understood as mixed crystal formation due to structural and synthetic aspects, in which sodium polysilicate is embedded in smectite. It can be seen from the X-ray diffraction diagrams that such embedding does not take place regularly, but leads to disorder in the crystallites. Crystallographic characterization using lattice constants that describe an elementary cell is therefore not possible. As synthetic smectites in the sense mentioned, saponite and hectorite-like phases can be considered due to the chosen chemical composition.
• the mixed crystal system should therefore have the structural formula to be described, the first part of the formula characterizing smectite and the second characterizing sodium polysilicate. Both components form a phase in which the smectite determines the structure.
• composition of the synthetic phyllosilicates according to the invention which clearly differs from the pure smectites, and the associated disorder in the crystal composite leads to changes in a number of properties typical of layered silicates, in particular with regard to the swellability and thus the gel formation properties, but also in the exchange capacity.
• hydrophobic organic radical has at least one hydrophobic organic radical and one water-solubilizing anionic, zwitterionic or nonionic group in the molecule.
• the hydrophobic radical is usually an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with 8 to 26, preferably 10 to 22 and in particular 12 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkyl aromatic radical with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 16 aliphatic carbon atoms.
• anionic surfactants such as Soaps from natural or synthetic, preferably saturated fatty acids, optionally also from resin or naphthenic acids.
• Suitable synthetic anionic surfactants are those of the sulfonate, sulfate and synthetic carboxylate type.
• the surfactants of the sulfonate type are alkylbenzenesulfonates (C9- to C15-alkyl), olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as obtained, for example, from C12- to C18-monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous sulfur trioxide subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products is considered.
• alkylbenzenesulfonates C9- to C15-alkyl
• olefin sulfonates ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates
• alkanesulfonates which are obtainable from C12- to C18-alkanes by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization or by bisulfite addition to olefins, and the esters of alpha-sulfofatty acids, e.g. B. the alpha-sulfonated methyl or ethyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
• Suitable sulfate-type surfactants are the sulfuric acid monoesters from primary alcohols of natural and synthetic origin, i.e. H. from fatty alcohols, such as. B. coconut fatty alcohols, tallow fatty alcohols, oleyl alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, palmityl or stearyl alcohol, or the C10 to C20 oxo alcohols, and the secondary alcohols of this chain length.
• the sulfuric acid monoesters of the aliphatic primary alcohols or ethoxylated secondary alcohols or alkylphenols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide are also suitable.
• Sulfated fatty acid alcoholamides and sulfated fatty acid monoglycerides are also suitable.
• anionic surfactants are the fatty acid esters or amides of hydroxy or amino carboxylic acids or sulfonic acids, such as. B. the fatty acid sarcosides, glycolates, lactates, taurides or isethionates.
• the anionic surfactants can be in the form of their sodium, potassium and ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
• Addition products of 1 to 40, preferably 2 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of a compound having essentially 10 to 20 carbon atoms from the group of alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty acid amides or alkanesulfonamides can be used as nonionic surfactants.
• polyglycol ethers with 2 to 7 ethylene glycol ether residues in the molecule that are not or not completely water-soluble are also of interest, in particular if they are used together with water-soluble nonionic or anionic surfactants.
• non-ionic surfactants which can be used are the water-soluble adducts of ethylene oxide with 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups with polypropylene glycol, alkylene diamine polypropylene glycol and with alkyl polypropylene glycol with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in which the polypropylene glycol chain acts as a hydrophobic radical.
• Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide or sulfoxide type can also be used, for example the compounds N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide, N-hexadecyl-N, N-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) amine oxide, N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide.
• the zwitterionic surfactants are preferably derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds in which one of the aliphatic radicals consists of a C8 to C18 radical and another contains an anionic, water-solubilizing carboxy, sulfo or sulfato group.
• Typical representatives of such surface-active betaines are, for example, the compounds 3- (N-hexadecyl-N, N-dimethylammonio) propane sulfonate; 3- (N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonio) -2-hydroxypropanesulfonate; 3- (N-hexadecyl-N, N- bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium) -2-hydroxypropyl sulfate; 3- (N-cocoalkyl-N, N-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ammonium) propane sulfonate; N-tetradecyl-N, N-dimethyl-ammonioacetate; N-hexadecyl-N, N-bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) ammonioacetate.
• the foaming power of the surfactants can be increased or decreased by combining suitable types of surfactants; a reduction can also be achieved by adding non-surfactant-like organic substances.
• a reduced foaming power, which is desirable when working in machines, is often achieved by combining different types of surfactants, e.g. B. from Sulfates and / or sulfonates with nonionic surfactants and / or with soaps.
• soaps foam attenuation increases with the degree of saturation and the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid residue. Soaps of saturated C 20-24 fatty acids are therefore particularly suitable as foam suppressants.
• the non-surfactant-like foam inhibitors are generally water-insoluble, mostly containing aliphatic C8 to C22 hydrocarbon compounds.
• Suitable non-surfactant foam inhibitors are e.g. the N-alkylamino triazines, d. H. Reaction products of 1 mole of cyanuric chloride with 2 to 3 moles of a mono- or dialkylamine with essentially 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
• propoxylated and / or butoxylated aminotriazines e.g. B.
• Suitable builders or builder substances are organic and inorganic, weakly acidic, neutral or alkaline reacting salts, in particular alkali salts, which are able to precipitate or bind calcium ions in a complex manner.
• alkali salts which are able to precipitate or bind calcium ions in a complex manner.
• the water-soluble alkali metal or alkali polyphosphates in particular pentasodium triphosphate, are of particular importance in addition to the alkali ortho- and alkali pyrophosphates. All or part of these phosphates can be replaced by organic complexing agents for calcium ions.
• NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
• EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
• Suitable phosphorus-containing organic complexing agents are the water-soluble salts of alkane polyphosphonic acids, amino and hydroxyalkane polyphosphonic acids and phosphonopolycarboxylic acids such as. B.
• methane diphosphonic acid dimethylaminomethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrimethylene triphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-phosphonoethane, 1,2-dicarboxylic acid, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid.
• the nitrogen-free and phosphorus-free polycarboxylic acids which form complex salts with calcium ions are of particular importance.
• citric acid tartaric acid, benzene hexacarboxylic acid and tetrahydrofuran tetracarboxylic acid.
• Polycarboxylic acids containing ether groups are also suitable, such as 2,2'-oxydisuccinic acid and polyhydric alcohols or hydroxycarboxylic acids partially or completely etherified with glycolic acid, for example biscarboxymethylethylene glycol, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, carboxymethyltartronic acid and carboxymethylated or oxidized polysaccharides.
• Polymeric carboxylic acids with a molecular weight of between 350 and 1,500,000 in the form of water-soluble salts are also suitable.
• Particularly preferred polymeric polycarboxylates have a molecular weight in the range from 500 to 175,000 and in particular in the range from 10,000 to 100,000.
• These compounds include, for example, polyacrylic acid, poly-alpha-hydroxyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid and the copolymers of the corresponding monomeric carboxylic acids with one another or with ethylenically unsaturated compounds such as vinyl methyl ether.
• the water-soluble salts of polyglyoxylic acid are also suitable.
• Suitable water-insoluble inorganic builders are the finely divided, synthetic, bound water-containing sodium aluminosilicates of the Zelith A type described in DE-OS 24 12 837 as phosphate substitutes for detergents and cleaning agents.
• the cation-exchanging sodium aluminosilicates are used in the usual hydrated, finely crystalline form, i.e. H. they have practically no particles larger than 30 microns and preferably consist of at least 80% of particles smaller than 10 microns.
• Your calcium binding capacity which is determined according to the details of DE-OS 24 12 837, is in the range of 100-200 mg CaO / g.
• Zeolite NaA is particularly suitable, as is zeolite NaX and mixtures of NaA and NaX.
• Suitable inorganic, non-complexing salts are the alkali salts of bicarbonates, carbonates, borates, sulfates and silicates, also known as "washing alkalis".
• alkali silicates the sodium silicates in which the Na2O: SiO2 ratio is between 1: 1 and 1: 3.5 are particularly preferred.
• builder substances that are mostly used in liquid agents because of their hydrotropic properties are the salts of the non-capillary-active sulfonic acids containing 2 to 9 carbon atoms, carboxylic acids and sulfocarboxylic acids, for example the alkali salts of alkanoic, benzene, toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonic acids Sulfobenzoic acids, sulfophthalic acid, sulfoacetic acid, sulfosuccinic acid and the salts of acetic acid or lactic acid. Acetamide and urea are also suitable as solubilizers.
• Suitable amines of formula I are those in which R1 and R2 are independently C12 to C 22 alkyl groups, preferably straight-chain alkyl groups and R3 is preferably methyl or ethyl.
• Suitable amines are, for example, didecylmethylamine, dilaurylmethylamine, dimyristylmethylamine, dicetylmethylamine, distearylmethylamine, diarachedylmithylamine, dibehenylmethylamine, ditalgalkylmethylamine, tallow alkyldimethylamine and the corresponding ethylamines, propylamines and butylamines. Ditalgalkylmethylamine is particularly preferred.
• the detergent according to the invention preferably contains the tertiary amine and the layered silicate in a weight ratio of 3: 1 to 1: 3.
• the ratio of a / b is preferably equal to or greater than 3.
• the textile plasticizer component consisting of tertiary amine and layered silicate is present in the detergent according to the invention in amounts of 5 to 30% by weight, based on the total detergent.
• Detergents containing additional quaternary ammonium compounds according to the invention are distinguished by further improved softening performance and improved cleaning performance.
• the preferably used ditallow alkylmethylamine is contained in the detergent according to the invention preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 15% by weight, based on the detergent as a whole. Amounts greater than 15% by weight do not produce an improved softening effect. A noticeable, albeit slight, effect is seen with amounts of 0.5 wt .-% achieved, depending on the desired strength of the effect more than 0.5 wt .-% can be used.
• the size of the effect depends not only on the amount of amine used, but also on the remaining composition of the detergent according to the invention.
• the detergent according to the invention contains the textile softener component from the tertiary amine and the layered silicate in the form of an intimate mixture which has been prepared by mixing the molten amine with the powdered layered silicate, preferably in proportions ranging from 2: 1 to 1: 2 mixed.
• the present invention further relates to a textile softener component composed of a) a tertiary amine of the formula I and b) a layered silicate which is an incrustation-inhibiting layered silicate with a smectite-like crystal phase and with the summed formula II.
• a separately fabricated fabric softener component to a detergent containing conventional surfactants and usual builders leads to a detergent with a pronounced fabric softening effect and an incrustation-inhibiting effect.
• the detergent can also contain quaternary ammonium compounds. If you use a compound with two long C10 to C24 alkyl or alkenyl radicals as the quaternary ammonium compounds, these long radicals can be straight-chain or branched and can be interrupted by amide, ester or ether groups, the detergents are characterized by a further increased softening effect.
• the addition of lauryltrimethylammonium salt preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the detergent as a whole, is advantageous.
• the washing and cleaning agents according to the present invention can contain dirt carriers which keep the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus prevent graying.
• water-soluble colloids usually of an organic nature, are suitable, such as, for example, the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids of starch or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
• Water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are also suitable for this purpose. Soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above can also be used, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc.
• Polyvinylpyrrolidone can also be used. In many cases, the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone suppresses the undesired transfer of dyes that have been detached from heavily colored textiles to less strongly or undyed textiles.
• H2O2 sodium perborate tetrahydrate
• NaBO2. H2O2. 3 H2O sodium perborate tetrahydrate
• NaBO2. H2O2 monohydrate
• H2O2 supplying borates z. B. the Perborax Na2B4O7. 4 H2O2.
• These compounds can be partially or completely by other active oxygen carriers, in particular by peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates, urea / H2O2 or melamine / H2O2 compounds as well as by H2O2 delivering peracid salts such as e.g. Caroate (KHSO5), perbenzoate or peroxyphthalate can be replaced.
• KHSO5 Caroate
• perbenzoate or peroxyphthalate peroxyphthalate
• bleach components containing activator are preferably incorporated into the detergents.
• Certain organic peracids forming N-acyl- are used as activators for per compounds supplying H2O2 in water. or O-acyl compounds.
• Compounds which can be used include N-diacylated and N, Nac-tetraacylated amines, such as N, N, N ⁇ , N ⁇ -tetraacetyl-methylenediamine or -ethylenediamine, or the tetraacetylglycoluril.
• the detergents can additionally contain optical brighteners, for example for cotton or polyamide fibers.
• the detergents according to the invention can be present not only in particulate form, ie generally by spray drying, spray cooling or by granulation, but also in liquid or pasty form.
• Organic solvents for example lower alcohols, ether alcohols or ketones having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, are additionally used in the production of liquid or pasty forms.
• it is expedient to use in addition to the layered silicates described with low swelling capacity, highly swellable layered silicates of the smectite type. By adding smectites, the softening effect of the detergents according to the invention can be optimized for use at different washing temperatures and different textile materials.
• the batch ratios were chosen so that 1.4 mol of Na2O, 0.05 mol of Al2O3, 1.5 mol of SiO2 and 50 mol of water accounted for 1 mol of MgO.
• This mixture was heated in a stirred autoclave to 190 ° C. in the course of 20 minutes and stirred at this temperature for 6.5 hours.
• the layered silicate formed was filtered off from the mother liquor and the filter cake was washed with water until sulfate was no longer detectable in the wash water. After drying at 100 ° C., a layered silicate with the following composition of the oxides was obtained: MgO. 0.25 Na2O. 0.052 Al2O3. 1.42 SiO2. 1.35 H2O

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)

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• 1987
  • 1987-01-24 DE DE19873702068 patent/DE3702068A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1988
  • 1988-01-16 EP EP88100541A patent/EP0277522A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1988-01-21 NO NO880249A patent/NO880249L/no unknown
  • 1988-01-22 US US07/146,871 patent/US4846990A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1988-01-22 FI FI880273A patent/FI880273A/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1988-01-22 DK DK030188A patent/DK30188A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1988-01-25 JP JP63015716A patent/JPS63193993A/ja active Pending

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