EP0275798A1 - Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere Brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht zur In-situ-Rauchgasentschwefelung - Google Patents

Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere Brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht zur In-situ-Rauchgasentschwefelung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275798A1
EP0275798A1 EP87403015A EP87403015A EP0275798A1 EP 0275798 A1 EP0275798 A1 EP 0275798A1 EP 87403015 A EP87403015 A EP 87403015A EP 87403015 A EP87403015 A EP 87403015A EP 0275798 A1 EP0275798 A1 EP 0275798A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bed
circulating
combustion chamber
circulating bed
generator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87403015A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Feugier
Edmond Perthuis
Marcel Chretien
Alexandre Petrovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Publication of EP0275798A1 publication Critical patent/EP0275798A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/101—Entrained or fast fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a thermal generator capable of burning fuels with a high sulfur content and which, in the form of a compact assembly, makes it possible to decouple the production of useful heat and the desulfurization of the combustion gases.
  • dry ash fluidized bed boilers
  • the essential advantage of the proposed device is that it is weak since it can be implemented using proven techniques.
  • the generator according to the present invention is compact and compact.
  • the guiding idea is based on the combination of three main elements arranged in such a way that the exchange surfaces are removed from the rapid flow of solid particles which are often responsible for rapid degradation of these surfaces.
  • the proposed generator essentially comprises a combustion chamber or combustion chamber preferably with cold walls, a recovery boiler capturing the sensible heat of the combustion gases and an intermediate circulating bed with no significant internal exchange surface, and whose function is to desulfurize the gases passing between the upstream hearth and the downstream exchanger.
  • cold wall here is meant that the wall includes means for extract heat.
  • the present invention relates to a thermal generator comprising a combustion chamber, a circulating bed and a recovery boiler.
  • the circulating bed and the combustion chamber have a common wall.
  • This common wall may include at least one orifice for feeding the bed circulating in primary fluid flow and / or at least one orifice for feeding the bed circulating in secondary fluid flow.
  • This common wall may be a cold wall.
  • the other walls of the combustion chamber could be cold walls.
  • the various cold walls may include a circulation of a fluid.
  • the circulating bed and the recovery boiler may have a common wall.
  • combustion chamber and the recovery boiler may have a common wall.
  • the walls of the circulating bed may have a coating of thermal insulating material.
  • the desulphurizing circulating bed the entrained solid material of which consists essentially of the absorbent, has as its working fluid the hot gases coming from the hearth.
  • the temperature of the gases may vary with the generator load, maintaining the bed at the optimum desulfurization temperature (800-900 ° C) can be obtained by injecting an additional fuel into the reactor, the combustion taking place with excess oxygen from the upstream hearth, and possibly with a supply of fresh oxidant.
  • the compactness of the generator according to the invention is obtained by an original spatial distribution of the three main elements arranged vertically. This compactness facilitates pre-production.
  • FIG. 1 deals with a particular example adapted to the combustion of a solid or liquid fuel, injected in sprayed form into the upstream hearth or combustion chamber .
  • the combustion chamber 1 is preferably with cold walls, the exchange surfaces 2 being for example of the "membrane wall” type, that is to say that means for circulating a fluid are associated and / or integrated into the walls of the combustion chamber.
  • These cold walls are dimensioned so that the temperature of the combustion gases at the end of the furnace can be in the range 600-850 ° C for all operating stages.
  • the burner 3 can advantageously be a burner with "low NO x emission” to limit the emissions of nitrogen oxides, and thus contribute to making the generator completely anti-pollutant.
  • the excess air or oxidant can be adjusted so that the quantity of residual oxygen is at least equal to that necessary to carry out the second combustion in the circulating bed 16, which comprises a reactor 6 and a separator 10 which may be of the cyclone type.
  • the reactor 6 of the circulating bed 16 is attached to the hearth 1 by means of a common wall 17, the communication between these two elements taking place directly by one or more passages arranged in this wall.
  • the flow 41 of primary gas supplying the circulating bed coming from the combustion chamber 1 takes place through the lower passage 4, while the secondary gas flow takes place through the upper passage 5.
  • the internal walls consist of a layer of insulating refractory material which can be thin 7 resistant to abrasion, and the heat losses are, for the most part, recovered by the heat transfer fluid irrigating the envelope of the hearth 1.
  • the auxiliary fuel and / or the material absorbing sulfur oxides are injected through at least one orifice 9 in the lower part of the reactor 6, which constitutes the dense phase of the circulating bed.
  • these products are injected at another location in the circulation loop of the circulating bed, in particular by injecting one or both products at the level of the return leg 20.
  • the oxidizing gases or fumes 41 and 51 coming from the lower 4 and upper 5 passages defined above and serving as the driving fluid and oxidizer in the circulating bed are injected on either side of the dense phase 18 of this bed.
  • the gases or fumes from the primary flow 41 enter the dense phase 18 via a perforated grid 8, or any other device capable of ensuring good distribution of the gases in the mass of fluidized solids.
  • the gases or fumes from the secondary flow 51 are injected into the transition zone or diluted zone of the reactor 19 also called the release zone. They can also be distributed by several orifices along the same straight section or staged sections relative to the axis of circulation in the reactor 6. It is the same for the introduction of the primary flow.
  • the distribution controlled by appropriate means such as flaps of fumes between primary flow 41 and secondary flow 51 makes it possible to control the course of combustion in the reactor 6 and to act on the flow rate of the solids entrained outside the dense zone 18 to be recycled. .
  • valve 12 which can be of mechanical or hydraulic design, for example a fluidized siphon or an "L-valve".
  • the desulphurized gases 21 leave the upper part of the separator 10 to supply the recovery boiler 13 and transfer heat energy to the exchange surfaces 14 which may consist of tubular bundles.
  • the fumes are finally discharged through line 15 and directed to the filtration system not shown in the diagram, which can be of a type known to those skilled in the art.
  • the withdrawal of solid waste not recycled or having escaped from the separator 10 of the circulating bed 16 can be carried out at the base of the combustion chamber, through the orifice 22 which can be closed by a valve 23, at the base of the dense phase 18 of the bed circulating at the level of the grid 8, through the orifice 24 which may include a valve 25 and / or the base of the recovery boiler, through the orifice 26 which can be closed by the valve 27.
  • the heat transfer fluid 28 such as a water vapor emulsion coming from the combustion chamber is directed to a pressurized tank or tank 29 by a pipe 30.
  • This tank located in the upper part of the generator in the example of Figure 1 also receives in this example the steam water emulsion 28a from the recovery boiler 13, via the pipe 30a.
  • the fluid stored in the capacity 29 is transferred in the form of vapor via a pipe 31 to a member of use such as a turbine 32, a heating network, etc.
  • the heat transfer fluid after having transferred part of its energy and after condensation in a condenser, not shown, is distributed by a valve means 33 between the supply of heat transfer fluid to the tubular bundles 14 of the recovery boiler 13 and the supply of heat transfer fluid of the irrigation circuit of the combustion chamber 1, this circuit possibly comprising conduits forming an integral part of the walls of this combustion chamber or being able to be formed by a sheet of water.
  • conduits 35, 36 and 37 shown at least partially in phantom.
  • these conduits can be thermally insulated.
  • FIG. 2 gives an example of a practical embodiment of a unit for which the optimum compactness has been obtained by grouping edge by edge the hearth 1, the reactor 6 of the circulating bed 16 and the recovery boiler 13.
  • the wall 17 is interrupted before reaching the lower part 38 of the hearth 1 and of the circulating bed reactor 6, thus allowing the simple passage of the lower passage 4 to be produced.
  • the reference 39 designates the orifice allowing the installation of the burner 3 (fig. 1).
  • the orifice 40 designates the outlet orifice of the reactor 6 of the circulating flow 42 in the direction of the separator 10.
  • the reference 43 designates the gas inlet orifice 21 coming from the separator 10 and directed towards the recovery boiler 13 (fig. 1).
  • the circulating bed 6 does not extend in height in the same way as the hearth 1, but is interrupted before by the wall 44.
  • the latter is surmounted by a rectangular formwork 45 in direct communication with the recovery boiler 13 which also has a parallelepiped shape.
  • the orifice 46 corresponds to the connection of the leg 20 (fig. 1) connecting the separator 10 (fig. 1) to the reactor of the circulating bed 6 (fig. 1).
  • FIG. 3 represents a section at the level of the reactor of the circulating bed of the generator represented in FIG. 2.
  • the reactor 6 of the circulating bed 16 is thermally insulated on its four faces by the material designated by the reference 47.
  • the combustion chamber has a plane wall 48 common both to the reactor 6 of the bed circulating in 49 and to the recovery boiler in 50.
  • the recovery boiler 13 and the reactor 6 of the circulating bed have a common wall 52 which is substantially perpendicular to the planar wall 48.
  • FIG. 4 represents an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention for which it is the recovery boiler 13 which has a flat wall 53 common both to the hearth 1 and to the reactor 6 of the circulating bed.
  • the reference 54 designates the wall common to the hearth 1 and to the reactor 6, this wall possibly being substantially perpendicular to the planar wall 53 of the boiler.
  • valve 33 can be controlled taking into account the call for power due to the turbine 32, the amount of fuel consumed by the burner 3 and / or the temperature of the reactor 6 of the circulating bed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
EP87403015A 1986-12-24 1987-12-23 Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere Brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht zur In-situ-Rauchgasentschwefelung Withdrawn EP0275798A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8618259A FR2609150B1 (fr) 1986-12-24 1986-12-24 Generateur thermique poly-combustibles a lit circulant integre, permettant la desulfuration in situ des gaz de combustion
FR8618259 1986-12-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275798A1 true EP0275798A1 (de) 1988-07-27

Family

ID=9342362

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87403015A Withdrawn EP0275798A1 (de) 1986-12-24 1987-12-23 Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere Brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht zur In-situ-Rauchgasentschwefelung
EP88900460A Withdrawn EP0313588A1 (de) 1986-12-24 1987-12-23 Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden wirbelschicht

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88900460A Withdrawn EP0313588A1 (de) 1986-12-24 1987-12-23 Wärmeerzeuger für mehrere brennstoffe mit einer integrierten zirkulierenden wirbelschicht

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4936230A (de)
EP (2) EP0275798A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2609150B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1988005144A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2636720B1 (fr) * 1988-09-20 1990-12-14 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et dispositif pour generer de la chaleur comportant une desulfuration des effluents avec des particules d'absorbant de fine granulometrie en lit transporte
FR2644560B1 (fr) * 1989-03-14 1994-07-01 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede et dispositif pour bruler des combustibles riches en produits chlores et/ou en metaux lourds
US5072696A (en) * 1990-12-11 1991-12-17 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Furnace temperature control method for a fluidized bed combustion system
US5365889A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-11-22 Fostyer Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor and system and method utilizing same
CH689312A5 (de) * 1995-01-10 1999-02-15 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Abfallmaterial unter Gewinnung von thermischer Energie.
BE1018137A3 (nl) * 2007-03-20 2010-06-01 Goemans Marcel Gerardus Edmond Inrichting voor het verwerken van vloeibare, pasteuze en vaste reststromen en werkwijze daarbij toegepast.
US10041667B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2018-08-07 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same
MY193949A (en) 2016-12-29 2022-11-02 Ensyn Renewables Inc Demetallization Of Liquid Biomass

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009366A1 (de) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-24 Wehrle-Werk Ag, 7830 Emmendingen Einrichtung zur trocknen entfernung von schadstoffen aus rauchgasen
EP0119115A1 (de) * 1983-02-21 1984-09-19 Elf France Wärmeerzeuger zur Aufheizung von Fluiden durch Wärmetausch mittels eines Wirbelbettes und das Verfahren hierzu
GB2159432A (en) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-04 Ahlstroem Oy Fluidised combustion of fuel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4499857A (en) * 1983-10-17 1985-02-19 Wormser Engineering, Inc. Fluidized bed fuel burning
US4665864A (en) * 1986-07-14 1987-05-19 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Steam generator and method of operating a steam generator utilizing separate fluid and combined gas flow circuits

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3009366A1 (de) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-24 Wehrle-Werk Ag, 7830 Emmendingen Einrichtung zur trocknen entfernung von schadstoffen aus rauchgasen
EP0119115A1 (de) * 1983-02-21 1984-09-19 Elf France Wärmeerzeuger zur Aufheizung von Fluiden durch Wärmetausch mittels eines Wirbelbettes und das Verfahren hierzu
GB2159432A (en) * 1984-06-01 1985-12-04 Ahlstroem Oy Fluidised combustion of fuel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS, vol. 80, no. 1, janvier 1984, pages 63-67, New York, US; R. GOTTKO: "Emissions control with fluidized-bed, steam-generating systems" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1988005144A1 (fr) 1988-07-14
EP0313588A1 (de) 1989-05-03
FR2609150B1 (fr) 1990-09-07
US4936230A (en) 1990-06-26
FR2609150A1 (fr) 1988-07-01

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