EP0272957A1 - Automatic machine for tamping coal cakes to become coked - Google Patents

Automatic machine for tamping coal cakes to become coked Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0272957A1
EP0272957A1 EP87402589A EP87402589A EP0272957A1 EP 0272957 A1 EP0272957 A1 EP 0272957A1 EP 87402589 A EP87402589 A EP 87402589A EP 87402589 A EP87402589 A EP 87402589A EP 0272957 A1 EP0272957 A1 EP 0272957A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pestle
machine according
rollers
box
elementary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87402589A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0272957B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Baro
Louis Crauser
André Mely
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Charbonnages de France CDF
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Charbonnages de France CDF
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8616477A external-priority patent/FR2607064B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8616478A external-priority patent/FR2607065B1/en
Application filed by Charbonnages de France CDF filed Critical Charbonnages de France CDF
Publication of EP0272957A1 publication Critical patent/EP0272957A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0272957B1 publication Critical patent/EP0272957B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B45/00—Other details
    • C10B45/02—Devices for producing compact unified coal charges outside the oven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/36—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for drop hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine for automatically pounding coal mixtures (possibly with other constituents) to prepare pounded coal bars which are then placed in a coke oven to be transformed into coke.
  • Machines of this type are already known, the role of which is to pack a mixture of coals in a mold also called pounding box.
  • the mixture of fine charcoal is poured into the mold through the upper part of the latter and it is compacted by at least one pestle which has a pounding sole and which is constantly lifted and left in free fall on the coal to be compacted.
  • the box has a small width to which is substantially equal to that of the pounding sole of each pestle; the ramming box has a significant length.
  • Each movement corresponds to a ramming stroke which is approximately equal to the dimension of the soles of the drumsticks in the direction of movement.
  • Each pestle comprises a vertically disposed profile having a core which is covered on both sides with a lining with a high coefficient of friction; this core is contained on the one hand between two opposite eccentrics driven in rotation of a lifting device and on the other hand between two opposing elements of a braking and retaining device.
  • each pestle is rotated by a gear transmission made from the output shaft of a speed reducer itself coupled in rotation with an electric motor.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide a pounding machine of new design with which the duration of the pounding is significantly reduced; in addition, although the shelling is carried out in a shorter time, the invention has the secondary aim of improving the quality of the shelling, in particular the homogeneity and the density of the shelling.
  • a further object of the invention is to achieve a robust and simple design which reduces the costs of production and maintenance of the pounding machine and which allows complete automation of the pounding operation.
  • Another object of the invention is to equip the machine defined above with a braking and retaining device for the drumsticks which is simpler in its design and more economical in its operation than the known conventional means.
  • the braking device of each pestle has as opposing braking elements two jaws opposite one another which contain between them the core of the profile of said pestle.
  • the eccentrics Since the eccentrics generally rotate at the speed of one revolution per second, there is a difficulty in coordinating with their movements the closing and opening movements of the brake shoes. In addition, it is preferable that the jaws close on the soul of the pestle just when the speed of this upward pestle goes to zero before it begins to descend. For various reasons which depend, among other things, on friction and wear, the eccentrics do not always launch the pestle upwards at an always equal speed. For this reason, the time which elapses after the moment when the eccentrics have ceased to tighten the pestle between them and the moment when the speed ends up canceling out is a variable time.
  • the main object of the invention is achieved by a pounding machine, the total length of which is smaller by the value of a displacement stroke than the length of the pounding box; this machine relates to assembly lines which are substantially equidistant transverse to this pounding box of the successive pestles with their operating members and each having a pounding sole, a first dimension of which is substantially equal to the width of the pounding box and a second dimension of which is a fraction of the distance between the assembly lines of the drumsticks; this machine is equipped with a displacement motor member capable of imposing on it in the direction of the length of the box alternative shelling movements over said displacement stroke, the value of which is determined in relation to the distance which separates the assembly lines from the drumsticks and with the second dimension of the soles.
  • the second dimension of the sole of the drumsticks has a length which is, apart from the clearance, the distance between the assembly lines at the maximum and at least half of this distance.
  • a pounding machine there are several elementary rammers each comprising a frame mounted on wheels extending in transverse direction to the pounding box and bearing on at least one assembly line s' extending in a transverse direction to the ramming box a pestle and its operating drive members; the rammers are coupled to each other and form a pounding train, covering together a length substantially equal to the length of the ramming box with the exception of the displacement stroke, said successive assembly lines being spaced from one line to the next line by a substantially constant distance; the pounding sole of each pestle has a determined length substantially identical on all the pestles; in addition, there is provided on an elementary rammer a point of articulation for a drive member of the pounding train, this member also being attached to a fixed point and being capable of imposing on said pounding train alternating movements in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box along said displacement stroke.
  • each elementary rammer is equipped with several pestles, for example four pestles, and the eccentrics, which are part of these pestles and are located respectively on one side and the other of the profile each pestle, are mounted on a first common shaft and on a second common shaft; these two common shafts are supported by the chassis by means of several bearings and they are joined, one to the other, by means of transmission in rotation, while the chassis of each elementary rammer carries a single motor coupled to a single speed reducer which is itself coupled to only one of the common shafts.
  • the braking and retaining device which is associated with each pestle comprises, as antagonistic elements arranged on one side and the other of the core of the vertical profile of this pestle, two antagonistic rollers of the freewheel type in a direction of rotation corresponding to the rise of the pestle and locking means in the opposite direction, these rollers being each applied, preferably by equal forces, against the opposite faces of the core of the pestle, during the rise of this pestle up to 'to its upper rest position.
  • the two rollers are carried by two levers at a first end thereof and the second opposite end of these levers is subjected to the effect of a clamping member tending to apply the rollers against the core.
  • the second end part of one of the levers is offset parallel to the other lever and the tightening member is an elastic return member; in addition, a jack is coupled between the levers parallel to this elastic member in order to separate the rollers from the core when desired.
  • the pounding consists of four elementary rammers 1 which consequently have a length equal to a quarter of the length of the pounding box after deduction of a pounding stroke as will be explained below.
  • Each elementary rammer 1 has a robust chassis 2 mounted on wheels, preferably bogies 3, which make it possible to circulate it on rails supported above the upper level of the ramming box in the direction of the length of the latter.
  • the frame 1 has, in a known and current manner, a width in the direction transverse to the ramming box which is greater than the width of this box, which makes it possible to install various equipment there.
  • a width in the direction transverse to the ramming box which is greater than the width of this box, which makes it possible to install various equipment there.
  • the chassis 2 supports a platform 4 which is partially broken away in FIG. 1 to reveal the bogies 3.
  • On this platform there are assembly lines 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D represented by dashed lines in the figures. These assembly lines 5A to 5D are parallel and arranged transversely to the length of the ramming box when the elementary rammer 1 is placed above the latter. These lines 5A to 5D are equidistant from each other and separated by a distance E1.
  • a pestle 6, of any suitable type known per se and which it is not necessary to describe.
  • each pestle 6 is of a type in which a vertical section 7 in I is provided at its lower end with a pounding sole (not visible in FIG. 1) which has a first dimension in transverse direction to the shelling box of substantially equal value, slightly lower as usual, to the interior width of the box.
  • the sole In the longitudinal direction of the latter the sole has a second dimension which is, in this particular case, substantially equal to half the distance E1 which separates two successive drumsticks 6.
  • Each vertical section 7 is maneuvered in the vertical direction by two opposite eccentrics 8, 9 which contain between them the core of this section 7.
  • the eccentrics of all the pestles 6 are mounted on a common shaft, respectively 10 for the eccentrics 8, and 11 for the eccentrics 9.
  • These two shafts 10, 11 extend in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box, in parallel with a side and other of the profiles 7. They are supported by several spaced bearings 12A, 12B ... and 13A, 13B ... which are themselves supported by the frame 2.
  • the shaft 10 is coupled in rotation with the output shaft 14 of a speed reducer 15.
  • this output shaft 14 is a hollow shaft into which the common shaft 10 penetrates through its end portion to produce a coupling in rotation.
  • the input shaft 16 of the reducer 15 carries a pulley 17 which is connected by a belt to the pulley 18 of the shaft of a motor 19.
  • the latter can also be installed on the platform 4, or below the latter in the chassis 2.
  • the common shaft 10 and the common shaft 11 are each provided with a toothed wheel 20, 21 respectively. These two wheels are equal and mesh together; thus a single motor 19 drives in synchronism the two common shafts 10, 11 and the set of eccentrics 8, 9 of all the pestles 7 of the elementary rammer 1.
  • this elementary rammer 1 has a length which is approximately a quarter of the length of the ramming box and it is equipped with four pestles 7 spaced apart. There therefore exists, so that the entire length of the box can be covered by the ramming machine, four successive rammers which are coupled to each other so that they can be moved together in the lengthwise direction of the ramming box.
  • Figure 1 shows a first elementary rammer 1 and only part of the second elementary rammer 1 ⁇ ; on this one we find the same organs as on the elementary rammer 1 designated by the same reference numbers with the index ⁇ .
  • a recess 22 with a trapezoidal profile in top view, in a transverse side of the frame 2 of an rammer and a corresponding complementary projection 23 of the same profile on the transverse side of the chassis 2 ⁇ of the elementary rammer 1 ⁇ which follows.
  • the projection 23 engages in the recess 22 and ensures good centering and better securing of the rammers.
  • the latter are securely attached together by known suitable coupling means not shown.
  • the elementary rammers 1, 1 ⁇ coupled to each other, constitute a rammer train which is the machine of the invention.
  • the latter is easily displaceable in its entirety thanks to the bogies 3.
  • a drive member such as a jack, not visible in FIG. 1, is articulated on the one hand on a fixed point external to the ramming machine, on the other hand on one of the elementary rammers, for example on the rammer 1.
  • This member is constructed and controlled, in a known manner, in order to impose on the pounding machine alternative movements of displaces in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box. These back and forth movements take place over a race (distance between the opposite extreme points) which is determined as a function of the distance E1 and of the second dimension of the sole of each pestle.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a pounding machine composed of four elementary rammers 1, 1 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ , 1 ′′′ coupled together on each of which there are four pestles located on four assembly lines 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D. These lines are separated by a distance E1 with a value of 785 mm; the distance E2 between the two successive assembly lines 5D and 5A ⁇ of two elementary rammers which follow one another has a value of 790 mm. A difference of 5 mm is quite tolerable. There is shown in phantom on the elementary rammer 1 ⁇ the sole of two pestles whose second dimension l2 is equal to about half of the distance E1.
  • the total length of the ramming machine is less than the length of the ramming box designated by the letter L (12.630 mm).
  • the difference is due to a clearance ⁇ which is necessary at the two ends and to a distance C which represents the alternative stroke which the drive member can give to the machine, during the operation of the drumsticks, inside the box of shelling.
  • the stroke C is 400 mm, that is to say a little more than half of the distance E1. Consequently, the coal is pounded over the entire length of the pounding box (12,630 mm), with the exception of the end parts which correspond to the clearance ⁇ , following a simple reciprocating movement over a distance C of 400 mm.
  • Automatic control includes for each movement on race C an acceleration phase, a constant speed phase and a deceleration phase.
  • the soles of the drumsticks can have a second dimension which is almost equal, apart from the clearance which must remain between two neighboring soles, at the distance E1.
  • the shelling machine is made with a chassis in one piece of the specified total length
  • the one where it is composed of several rammers coupled elementary it could be motorized to move by itself along the ramming stroke without external displacement cylinder.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 describe the braking and retaining device for each of the drumsticks.
  • This device is not visible in Figure 1. It is mounted above the robust chassis 2, preferably it is installed above a small platform 24 which allows easy access to the parts of this device .
  • This platform 24 is itself supported by vertical uprights (not shown) which bear on the frame 2.
  • each pestle 6 is arranged vertically between two pairs of guide rollers 25,26 spaced vertically.
  • Each roller 28A, 28B is of the type with free wheel in one direction of rotation and with locking means in opposite direction, well known per se. The free rotation takes place during the rise of the pestle.
  • Each roller 28A, 28B is mounted free on a respective shaft 30A, 30B so as to be contained between the wings of the profile 7 and to be able to be pressed against a friction lining 31 which covers each of the faces of the core 27.
  • a set roller 28A-shaft 30A is mounted at a first end which is here the lower end of a lever 32; the latter is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 33 supported from the platform 24 and it extends vertically to end in a second end or upper end.
  • the other roller assembly 28B-shaft 30B is similarly mounted at a first end or lower end of a lever 34 also mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis 35 also supported from the platform 24.
  • This lever 34 extends vertically up to 'at a second end or upper end to which a horizontal bar 36 is firmly fixed.
  • the latter is offset relative to the pestle 6 so as not to hinder the latter.
  • the horizontal bar 36 ends in an extreme vertical part 37 which is parallel to the lever 32 opposite the second end of the latter.
  • the distance between the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 of the bar 36 is fixed at the value which is suitable for attaching to these two parts a clamping member which is preferably an elastomer return tensioner or a return spring, shown by a dashed line 38.
  • the arrangement which has just been described is equivalent to displacing the second end part of the lever 34 relative to the lever 32 so that the direction of approach of the ends of these levers is the same as the direction of approach rollers 28A, 28B. More precisely, when the elastic return tensioner 38 tends to bring the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 closer to the bar 36, it also tends to constantly apply the rollers 28A and 28 B against the friction lining 31 of the core 27 profile 7.
  • a compressed air cylinder 39 is coupled between the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 of the bar 36, parallel to the elastic tensioner 38.
  • this jack 39 When this jack 39 is put in extension it separates the lever 32 and the end portion 38 and, thus , it moves the rollers 28A, 28B away from the core 27 by a distance sufficient for these rollers to become inoperative.
  • Stops 40A, 40B are arranged to respectively limit the movement of the lever 32 and of the lever 34 in order to distribute the spacing of the rollers 28A, 28B equally on either side of the core 27.
  • the jack 39 is put into service in the direction of the extension so that the pestle 6 is completely free to move in the vertical direction under the effect of the eccentric cylinders 8,9. At each rotation, during a fraction of a turn, the latter tighten the core 27 of the pestle 6 and propel the latter upwards then let it fall during the rest of the turn to start again immediately.
  • the jack 39 When the shelling is finished and the pestle 6 must be raised to its highest position or rest position, the jack 39 is put to rest; it leaves free the elastic return tensioner 38 which then constantly clamps the rollers 28A, 28B against the core 27. These two rollers 28A, 28B are mounted so as to be free to rotate in the direction of the rise of the pestle 6 as indicated by arrows F in Figure 4 while the cylinders offset 8.9 cause this pestle to go up.
  • the rollers 28A, 28B simply roll against the friction lining 31 and remain constantly in rolling contact with it. The risk of deterioration is eliminated and wear is minimized.
  • the braking action due to the rollers 28A, 28B is automatic and completely independent of the movement of the eccentric cylinders 8, 9; no coordination of movements is necessary.
  • the clamping action of the rollers 28A, 28B against the lining 31 of the core 27, under the effect of the elastic tensioner 38 produces controlled braking which makes it possible to stop the pestle during its fall without brutality.
  • the entire device is simple in its design and construction.
  • the described embodiment is preferred because of its simplicity and its operational safety. It will not depart from the scope of the invention by adopting other equivalent means for controlling the movements of the two rollers 28A, 28Bet the tightening of these rollers against the core 27 of the pestle in order to activate the braking device and of restraint during the rise of the pestle.
  • each of the pestles 6 there are on each of the pestles 6 at least one and preferably several detectable marks 41 to which correspond, on respective supports mounted on the platform 4, detection sensors 42. These sensors 42 are connected to a central monitoring device. In this way it is possible to remotely monitor the proper functioning of each of the pestles and to detect any pestle becoming defective as a result, most often, of the wear of the linings 31 which cover the core 27 of the profile 7.
  • the marks detectable may be plates 41 of stainless steel fixed for example on the outer face of a wing of the section 7 of each pestle 6. These plates 41 are shown only on the two pestles 6 furthest to the left when looking at FIG. 1. It is advantageous to put several plates 41 spaced by a constant pitch in the longitudinal direction of each pestle 6.
  • the sensors 42 for detecting the stainless steel plates 41 are of the non-magnetic type and known in the trade, and do not need to be described; the same is true for the central surveillance apparatus.

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Abstract

This machine, consisting of a number of unit tampers (1,1',1'',1''') which are attached to each other and each of which carries a number of rams (6) has a total length shorter than the length of the tamping caisson of the value of a movement stroke (C), all the rams being separated by a uniform distance (E1) at least equal to the said stroke (C) so that the alternating movement of the machine with this stroke (C) provides the tamping of the coal over the whole length of the tamping caisson, the rams being additionally braked and stopped, when necessary, by a device with rollers of the free-wheel type in the direction of the rise of the ram, with automatic action. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet une machine servant à pilonner de manière automatique des mélanges de charbon (avec éventuellement d'autres constituants) pour préparer des pains de charbon pilonné qui sont enfournés ensuite dans un four à coke pour y être transformés en coke.The invention relates to a machine for automatically pounding coal mixtures (possibly with other constituents) to prepare pounded coal bars which are then placed in a coke oven to be transformed into coke.

On connaît déjà des machines de ce type dont le rôle est de tasser un mélange de charbons dans un moule appelé aussi caisson de pilonnage. Le mélange de charbon fin est déversé dans le moule par la partie supérieure de ce dernier et il est tassé par au moins un pilon qui a une semelle de pilonnage et qui est sans cesse soulevé et aban­donné en chute libre sur le charbon à tasser. Le caisson a une faible largeur à laquelle est sensiblement égale celle de la semelle de pilonnage de chaque pilon ; le caisson de pilon­nage a une longueur importante. Dans les machines connues, il existe dans le sens de la longueur du caisson de pilonna­ge plusieurs pilons montés côte à côte sur un pont roulant. Ce dernier se déplace sur la totalité de la longueur du caisson, pendant le fonctionnement des pilons. Chaque dépla­cement correspond à une course de pilonnage qui est à peu près égale à la dimension des semelles des pilons dans le sens du déplacement. Ainsi, du fait de ce déplacement des pilons avec le pont roulant, le charbon finit par être pilon­né en tous points dans le sens de la longueur du caisson.Machines of this type are already known, the role of which is to pack a mixture of coals in a mold also called pounding box. The mixture of fine charcoal is poured into the mold through the upper part of the latter and it is compacted by at least one pestle which has a pounding sole and which is constantly lifted and left in free fall on the coal to be compacted. The box has a small width to which is substantially equal to that of the pounding sole of each pestle; the ramming box has a significant length. In known machines, there are several pestles mounted side by side on a traveling crane in the lengthwise direction of the ramming box. The latter moves over the entire length of the box, during the operation of the drumsticks. Each movement corresponds to a ramming stroke which is approximately equal to the dimension of the soles of the drumsticks in the direction of movement. Thus, due to this movement of the pestles with the overhead crane, the coal ends up being pounded at all points in the direction of the length of the box.

Chaque pilon comprend un profilé disposé verti­calement ayant une âme qui est couverte sur ses deux faces d'une garniture à coefficient de frottement élevé ; cette âme est contenue d'une part entre deux excentriques opposés entraînés en rotation d'un dispositif de soulèvement et d'autre part entre deux éléments antagonistes d'un dispo­sitif de freinage et de retenue.Each pestle comprises a vertically disposed profile having a core which is covered on both sides with a lining with a high coefficient of friction; this core is contained on the one hand between two opposite eccentrics driven in rotation of a lifting device and on the other hand between two opposing elements of a braking and retaining device.

A chaque rotation d'un tour, les excentriques serrent entre eux l'âme du profilé et le propulsent vers le haut puis le libèrent et le laissent tomber librement. Ainsi se produit le pilonnage à chaque tour des excentriques par la semelle mentionnée ci-dessus qui est montée à l'extré­mité inférieure du profilé. Quant il existe plusieurs pilons voisins, les mouvements verticaux des profilés ne sont pas simultanés afin que les contraintes mécaniques soient répar­ties dans le temps.At each rotation of a revolution, the eccentrics tighten the web of the profile between them and propel it upwards, then release it and drop it freely. Thus occurs the pounding at each turn of the eccentrics by the sole mentioned above which is mounted at the lower end of the profile. When there are several neighboring pestles, the vertical movements of the profiles are not simultaneous so that the mechanical stresses are distributed over time.

Les excentriques de chaque pilon sont entraî­nés en rotation par une transmission à engrenages réalisée à partir de l'arbre de sortie d'un réducteur de vitesse lui-­même accouplé en rotation avec un moteur électrique.The eccentrics of each pestle are rotated by a gear transmission made from the output shaft of a speed reducer itself coupled in rotation with an electric motor.

Par suite de la conception classique, exposée ci-dessus, des machines de pilonnage, leur utilisation com­porte plusieurs inconvénients dont l'un des plus graves est que la durée du pilonnage de la totalité de la surface du charbon contenu dans le caisson de pilonnage est importante.As a result of the conventional design, exposed above, of the pounding machines, their use has several drawbacks, one of the most serious of which is that the duration of the pounding of the entire surface of the coal contained in the pounding box is important.

Le but principal de l'invention est d'apporter une machine à pilonner de conception nouvelle grâce à laquel­le la durée du pilonnage est notablement réduite ; en outre, bien que le pilonnage soit exécuté en un temps plus court, l'invention a pour but secondaire d'améliorer la qualité du pilonnage, notamment l'homogénéité et la densité du pilonnage.The main object of the invention is to provide a pounding machine of new design with which the duration of the pounding is significantly reduced; in addition, although the shelling is carried out in a shorter time, the invention has the secondary aim of improving the quality of the shelling, in particular the homogeneity and the density of the shelling.

Un but supplémentaire de l'invention est de parvenir à une conception robuste et simple qui réduise les coûts de réalisation et d'entretien de la machine à pilonner et qui permette l'automatisation complète de l'opération de pilonnage.A further object of the invention is to achieve a robust and simple design which reduces the costs of production and maintenance of the pounding machine and which allows complete automation of the pounding operation.

Un autre but de l'invention est d'équiper la machine définie ci-dessus d'un dispositif de freinage et de retenue des pilons plus simple dans sa conception et plus économique dans son fonctionnement que les moyens classiques connus.Another object of the invention is to equip the machine defined above with a braking and retaining device for the drumsticks which is simpler in its design and more economical in its operation than the known conventional means.

Dans les machines de pilonnage classiques le dispositif de freinage de chaque pilon a comme éléments anta­gonistes de freinage deux mâchoires opposées l'une à l'autre qui contiennent entre elles l'âme du profilé dudit pilon.In conventional pounding machines, the braking device of each pestle has as opposing braking elements two jaws opposite one another which contain between them the core of the profile of said pestle.

Etant donné que les excentriques tournent géné­ralement à la vitesse d'un tour par seconde, il existe une difficulté à coordonner avec leurs mouvements les mouvements de fermeture et d'ouverture des mâchoires de freinage. En outre, il est préférable que les mâchoires se ferment sur l'âme du pilon juste au moment où la vitesse de ce pilon lancé vers le haut passe par une valeur nulle avant qu'il commence à descendre. Pour des raisons diverses qui dépendent entre autres du frottement et de l'usure, les excentriques ne lancent pas toujours le pilon vers le haut à une vitesse toujours égale. Pour cette raison, le temps qui s'écoule après l'instant où les excentriques ont cessé de serrer le pilon entre eux et l'instant où la vitesse finit par s'annu­ler est un temps variable.Since the eccentrics generally rotate at the speed of one revolution per second, there is a difficulty in coordinating with their movements the closing and opening movements of the brake shoes. In addition, it is preferable that the jaws close on the soul of the pestle just when the speed of this upward pestle goes to zero before it begins to descend. For various reasons which depend, among other things, on friction and wear, the eccentrics do not always launch the pestle upwards at an always equal speed. For this reason, the time which elapses after the moment when the eccentrics have ceased to tighten the pestle between them and the moment when the speed ends up canceling out is a variable time.

Il en résulte que, malgré un mécanisme de montage et de commande des mâchoires de frein relativement complexe et coûteux, les mâchoires usent et même détériorent assez rapidement la garniture à coefficient de frottement élevé de l'âme.As a result, despite a relatively complex and costly assembly and control mechanism for the brake shoes, the shoes wear and even quickly deteriorate the lining with a high coefficient of friction of the core.

D'autre part, quand on veut dégager le cais­son et mettre la pilonneuse à l'écart, il faut remonter chaque pilon jusqu'à un niveau supérieur de repos. C'est alors que l'on fait intervenir les mâchoires de freinage. Quand les excentriques ont lancé le pilon vers le haut et l'ont libéré, on l'empêche de retomber en serrant l'âme du profilé entre les mâchoires de freinage. On ouvre ces mâchoi­res dès que les excentriques serrent à nouveau entre eux l'âme du profilé pour le lancer à nouveau vers le haut ; on immobilise le pilon entre les mâchoires dès que les excen­triques l'ont libéré. On continue ainsi par courses succes­sives de remontée jusqu'à ce que le pilon parvienne à sa position la plus élevée où il est immobilisé jusqu'au pro­chain emploi de la pilonneuse.On the other hand, when you want to clear the box and put the rammer out of the way, you have to raise each pestle to a higher level of rest. This is when the brake shoes are used. When the eccentrics have launched the pestle upwards and released it, it is prevented from falling by tightening the web of the profile between the brake shoes. These jaws are opened as soon as the eccentrics tighten the web of the profile again to throw it up again; the pestle is immobilized between the jaws as soon as the eccentrics have released it. This is continued by successive ascent strokes until the pestle reaches its highest position where it is immobilized until the next use of the rammer.

Il est donc extrêmement souhaitable d'équi­per une machine à pilonner perfectionnée comme celle de la présente invention d'un dispositif de freinage et de rete­nue dont le fonctionnement ne nécessite pas une coordina­tion difficile à réaliser avec le fonctionnement des excen­triques et n'est pas la cause d'une détérioration ou même d'une usure excessive de la garniture de friction des pilons.It is therefore highly desirable to equip an advanced pounding machine such as that of the present invention of a braking and retaining device whose operation does not require a coordination difficult to achieve with the operation of the eccentrics and is not the cause of deterioration or even excessive wear of the friction lining drumsticks.

On atteint le but principal de l'invention par une machine à pilonner dont la longueur totale est plus petite de la valeur d'une course de déplacement que la lon­gueur du caisson de pilonnage ; cette machine porte sur des lignes de montage sensiblement équidistantes transversales à ce caisson de pilonnage des pilons successifs avec leurs organes de manoeuvre et ayant chacun une semelle de pilonna­ge dont une première dimension est sensiblement égale à la largeur du caisson de pilonnage et dont une seconde dimen­sion est une fraction de la distance qui sépare les lignes de montage des pilons ; cette machine est équipée d'un orga­ne moteur de déplacement apte à lui imposer dans le sens de la longueur du caisson des mouvements alternatifs de pilon­nage sur ladite course de déplacement dont la valeur est déterminée en relation avec la distance qui sépare les lignes de montage des pilons et avec la seconde dimension des semelles. Par exemple, dans le cas où la distance entre deux lignes de montage vaut le double de la course de déplacement, la seconde dimension de la semelle des pilons a une longueur qui est égale, au jeu près, à la distance entre les lignes de montage au maximum et à la moitié de cette distance au minimum.The main object of the invention is achieved by a pounding machine, the total length of which is smaller by the value of a displacement stroke than the length of the pounding box; this machine relates to assembly lines which are substantially equidistant transverse to this pounding box of the successive pestles with their operating members and each having a pounding sole, a first dimension of which is substantially equal to the width of the pounding box and a second dimension of which is a fraction of the distance between the assembly lines of the drumsticks; this machine is equipped with a displacement motor member capable of imposing on it in the direction of the length of the box alternative shelling movements over said displacement stroke, the value of which is determined in relation to the distance which separates the assembly lines from the drumsticks and with the second dimension of the soles. For example, in the case where the distance between two assembly lines is twice the displacement travel, the second dimension of the sole of the drumsticks has a length which is, apart from the clearance, the distance between the assembly lines at the maximum and at least half of this distance.

Selon un mode de réalisation d'une machine à pilonner conforme à l'invention, il existe plusieurs pilon­neuses élémentaires comprenant chacune un chassis monté sur roues s'étendant en sens transversal au caisson de pilonnage et portant sur au moins une ligne de montage s'étendant en sens transversal au caisson de pilonnage un pilon et ses orga­nes moteurs de manoeuvre ; les pilonneuses sont attelées les unes aux autres et composent un train de pilonnage en couvrant ensemble une longueur substantiellement égale à la longueur du caisson de pilonnage à l'exception de la course de dépla­cement, lesdites lignes de montage successives étant espacées d'une ligne à la ligne suivante d'une distance sensible­ment constante ; la semelle de pilonnage de chaque pilon a une longueur déterminée sensiblement identique sur tous les pilons ; en outre, il est prévu sur une pilonneuse élémentaire un point d'articulation pour un organe d'entraînement du train de pilonnage, cet organe étant accroché aussi à un point fixe et étant capable d'imposer audit train de pilon­nage des mouvements alternés dans la direction longitudinale du caisson de pilonnage le long de ladite course de déplace­ment.According to an embodiment of a pounding machine according to the invention, there are several elementary rammers each comprising a frame mounted on wheels extending in transverse direction to the pounding box and bearing on at least one assembly line s' extending in a transverse direction to the ramming box a pestle and its operating drive members; the rammers are coupled to each other and form a pounding train, covering together a length substantially equal to the length of the ramming box with the exception of the displacement stroke, said successive assembly lines being spaced from one line to the next line by a substantially constant distance; the pounding sole of each pestle has a determined length substantially identical on all the pestles; in addition, there is provided on an elementary rammer a point of articulation for a drive member of the pounding train, this member also being attached to a fixed point and being capable of imposing on said pounding train alternating movements in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box along said displacement stroke.

Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque pilonneuse élémentaire est équipée de plusieurs pilons, par exemple quatre pilons, et les excentriques, qui font partie de ces pilons et se trouvent respectivement d'un côté et de l'autre du profilé de chaque pilon, sont montés sur un premier arbre commun et sur un second arbre commun; ces deux arbres communs sont supportés par le chassis au moyen de plusieurs paliers et ils sont réunis, l'un à l'autre, par des moyens de transmission en rotation, cependant que le chassis de chaque pilonneuse élémentaire porte un unique moteur accou­plé à un unique réducteur de vitesse qui est lui-même accou­plé à un seul des arbres communs.According to one embodiment of the invention, each elementary rammer is equipped with several pestles, for example four pestles, and the eccentrics, which are part of these pestles and are located respectively on one side and the other of the profile each pestle, are mounted on a first common shaft and on a second common shaft; these two common shafts are supported by the chassis by means of several bearings and they are joined, one to the other, by means of transmission in rotation, while the chassis of each elementary rammer carries a single motor coupled to a single speed reducer which is itself coupled to only one of the common shafts.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de freinage et de retenue qui est associé à chaque pilon comprend, comme éléments antagonistes disposés d'un côté et de l'autre de l'âme du profilé vertical de ce pilon, deux rouleaux antago­nistes du type à roue libre dans un sens de rotation corres­pondant à la montée du pilon et à moyen de blocage en sens inverse, ces rouleaux étant appliqués chacun, de préférence par des forces égales, contre les faces opposées de l'âme du pilon, pendant la montée de ce pilon jusqu'à sa position supérieure de repos.Advantageously, the braking and retaining device which is associated with each pestle comprises, as antagonistic elements arranged on one side and the other of the core of the vertical profile of this pestle, two antagonistic rollers of the freewheel type in a direction of rotation corresponding to the rise of the pestle and locking means in the opposite direction, these rollers being each applied, preferably by equal forces, against the opposite faces of the core of the pestle, during the rise of this pestle up to 'to its upper rest position.

De préférence les deux rouleaux sont portés par deux leviers à une première extrémité de ceux-ci et la deuxième extrémité opposée de ces leviers est soumise à l'effet d'un organe de serrage tendant à appliquer les rou­leaux contre l'âme.Preferably the two rollers are carried by two levers at a first end thereof and the second opposite end of these levers is subjected to the effect of a clamping member tending to apply the rollers against the core.

De préférence, il existe un unique organe de serrage qui est réuni à chaque deuxième extrémité des deux leviers et cet organe agit simultanémet sur ces leviers en sens opposés.Preferably, there is a single clamping member which is joined at each second end of the two levers and this member acts simultaneously on these levers in opposite directions.

Avantageusement, la deuxième partie extrême de l'un des leviers est déportée parallèlement à l'autre levier et l'organe de serrage est un organe de rappel élastique ; en outre, un vérin est attelé entre les leviers parallèle­ment à cet organe élastique afin d'écarter les rouleaux de l'âme quand on le souhaite.Advantageously, the second end part of one of the levers is offset parallel to the other lever and the tightening member is an elastic return member; in addition, a jack is coupled between the levers parallel to this elastic member in order to separate the rollers from the core when desired.

On donnera maintenant, uniquement à titre d'exemple et sans intention limitative, une description d'un exemple préféré de réalisation d'une machine à pilonner, conforme à l'invention. On se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue générale simplifée de dessus d'une première pilonneuse élémentaire et d'une partie d'une deuxième pilonneuse élémentaire reunie à la première pilonneuse, ces deux pilonneuse élémentaires fai­sant partie d'une machine à pilonner selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 est un schéma montrant la dispo­sition de l'ensemble des pilons par rapport à la longueur du caisson de pilonnage,
  • - la figure 3 est une vue générale en élévation de la partie supérieure d'un pilon faisant partie d'une pilon­neuse de la figure 1 et montrant le dispositif de freinage de retenue du pilon, ce dispositif n'étant pas visible sur la figure 1,
  • - la figure 4 est une vue agrandie en élévation du dispositif de freinage de la figure 3.
A description will now be given, by way of example only and without limitation, of a preferred embodiment of a pounding machine, in accordance with the invention. Reference is made to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a simplified general view from above of a first elementary rammer and part of a second elementary rammer joined to the first rammer, these two elementary rammer forming part of a pounding machine according to the invention ,
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of all the pestles relative to the length of the pounding box,
  • - Figure 3 is a general elevational view of the upper part of a pestle forming part of a rammer of Figure 1 and showing the pestle retaining braking device, this device not being visible in Figure 1 ,
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view in elevation of the braking device of FIG. 3.

Dans l'exemple préféré décrit ici la machine à pilonner est composée de quatre pilonneuses élémentaires 1 qui ont par conséquent une longueur égale au quart de la longueur du caisson de pilonnage après déduction d'une course de pilonnage comme on l'expliquera plus loin.In the preferred example described here the pounding consists of four elementary rammers 1 which consequently have a length equal to a quarter of the length of the pounding box after deduction of a pounding stroke as will be explained below.

Chaque pilonneuse élémentaire 1 a un chassis robuste 2 monté sur des roues, de préférence des bogies 3, qui permettent de la faire circuler sur des rails supportés au-dessus du niveau supérieur du caisson de pilonnage dans le sens de la longueur de ce dernier.Each elementary rammer 1 has a robust chassis 2 mounted on wheels, preferably bogies 3, which make it possible to circulate it on rails supported above the upper level of the ramming box in the direction of the length of the latter.

La chassis 1 a, de façon connue et courante, une largeur en sens transversal au caisson de pilonnage qui est supérieure à la largeur de ce caisson, ce qui permet d'y installer divers équipements. On se contentera dans ce qui suit de décrire ce qui est concerné par l'invention dans la zone du chaque pilonneuse qui est située au-dessus du cais­son de pilonnage.The frame 1 has, in a known and current manner, a width in the direction transverse to the ramming box which is greater than the width of this box, which makes it possible to install various equipment there. We will be content in what follows to describe what is concerned by the invention in the area of each rammer which is located above the ramming box.

Le chassis 2 supporte une plateforme 4 qui est arrachée partiellement sur la figure 1 pour laisser voir les bogies 3. Sur cette plateforme, se trouvent des lignes de montage 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D représentées par des traits mixtes sur les figures. Ces lignes de montage 5A à 5D sont parallèles et disposées transversalement à la longueur du caisson de pilonnage quand la pilonneuse élémentaire 1 est mise au-dessus de ce derniers Ces lignes 5A à 5D sont équidistantes entre elles et séparées par une distance E₁. Sur chacune de ces lignes de montage 5A à 5D est installé un pilon 6, d'un type quelconque approprié connu en soi et qu'il n'est pas néces­saire de décrire.The chassis 2 supports a platform 4 which is partially broken away in FIG. 1 to reveal the bogies 3. On this platform, there are assembly lines 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D represented by dashed lines in the figures. These assembly lines 5A to 5D are parallel and arranged transversely to the length of the ramming box when the elementary rammer 1 is placed above the latter. These lines 5A to 5D are equidistant from each other and separated by a distance E₁. On each of these assembly lines 5A to 5D is installed a pestle 6, of any suitable type known per se and which it is not necessary to describe.

Dans l'exemple décrit ici chaque pilon 6 est d'un type dans lequel un profilé vertical 7 en I est muni à son extrémité inférieure d'une semelle de pilonnage (non visi­ble sur la figure 1) qui a une première dimension en sens trans­versal au caisson de pilonnage de valeur sensiblement égale, légèrement inférieure ainsi qu'il est habituel, à la largeur intérieure du caisson. Dans le sens longitudinal de ce dernier la semelle a une seconde dimension qui est, dans ce cas par­ticulier, substantiellement égale à la moitié de la distance E₁ qui sépare deux pilons 6 successifs. Chaque profilé ver­tical 7 est manoeuvré en sens vertical par deux excentri­ques opposés 8, 9 qui contiennent entre eux l'âme de ce pro­filé 7.In the example described here, each pestle 6 is of a type in which a vertical section 7 in I is provided at its lower end with a pounding sole (not visible in FIG. 1) which has a first dimension in transverse direction to the shelling box of substantially equal value, slightly lower as usual, to the interior width of the box. In the longitudinal direction of the latter the sole has a second dimension which is, in this particular case, substantially equal to half the distance E₁ which separates two successive drumsticks 6. Each vertical section 7 is maneuvered in the vertical direction by two opposite eccentrics 8, 9 which contain between them the core of this section 7.

Les excentriques de tous les pilons 6 sont montés sur un arbre commun, respectivement 10 pour les excen­triques 8,et 11 pour les excentriques 9. Ces deux arbres 10, 11 s'étendent dans le sens longitudinal du caisson de pilon­nage, parallèlement d'un côté et de l'autre des profilés 7. Ils sont supportés par plusieurs paliers espacés 12A, 12B... et 13A, 13B... qui sont eux-mêmes supportés par le chassis 2. A une de ses extrémités l'arbre 10 est accouplé en rotation avec l'arbre de sortie 14 d'un réducteur de vitesse 15. De préférence cet arbre de sortie 14 est un arbre creux dans lequel pénètre l'arbre commun 10 par sa partie extrême pour réaliser un accouplement en rotation.The eccentrics of all the pestles 6 are mounted on a common shaft, respectively 10 for the eccentrics 8, and 11 for the eccentrics 9. These two shafts 10, 11 extend in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box, in parallel with a side and other of the profiles 7. They are supported by several spaced bearings 12A, 12B ... and 13A, 13B ... which are themselves supported by the frame 2. At one of its ends the shaft 10 is coupled in rotation with the output shaft 14 of a speed reducer 15. Preferably this output shaft 14 is a hollow shaft into which the common shaft 10 penetrates through its end portion to produce a coupling in rotation.

L'arbre d'entrée 16 du réducteur 15 porte une poulie 17 qui est reliée par une courroie à la poulie 18 de l'arbre d'un moteur 19. Ce dernier peut être installé aussi sur la plateforme 4, ou en-dessous de celle-ci dans le chas­sis 2. Dans l'intervalle E₁ qui sépare deux pilons 7, l'arbre commun 10 et l'arbre commun 11 sont chacun pourvus d'une roue dentée 20, 21 respectivement. Ces deux roues sont éga­les et engrènent ensemble ; ainsi un seul moteur 19 entraîne en synchronisme les deux arbres communs 10,11 et l'ensemble des excentriques 8, 9 de tous les pilons 7 de la pilonneuse élémentaire 1.The input shaft 16 of the reducer 15 carries a pulley 17 which is connected by a belt to the pulley 18 of the shaft of a motor 19. The latter can also be installed on the platform 4, or below the latter in the chassis 2. In the interval E₁ which separates two pestles 7, the common shaft 10 and the common shaft 11 are each provided with a toothed wheel 20, 21 respectively. These two wheels are equal and mesh together; thus a single motor 19 drives in synchronism the two common shafts 10, 11 and the set of eccentrics 8, 9 of all the pestles 7 of the elementary rammer 1.

Dans l'exemple décrit ici, cette pilonneuse élémentaire 1 a une longueur qui est environ le quart de la longueur du caisson de pilonnage et elle est équipée de quatre pilons 7 espacéss Il existe donc, pour que la totalité de la longueur du caisson puisse être couverte par la machine de pilonnage, quatre pilonneuses élémentaires successives qui sont attelées les unes aux autres pour pourvoir être dépla­cées ensemble dans le sens de la longueur du caisson de pilonnage. La figure 1 montre une première pilonneuse élé­mentaire 1 et une partie seulement de la deuxième pilonneuse élémentaire 1ʹ ; sur celle-ci on trouve les mêmes organes que sur la pilonneuse élémentaire 1 désignés par les mêmes réfé­rences numériques avec l'indice ʹ.In the example described here, this elementary rammer 1 has a length which is approximately a quarter of the length of the ramming box and it is equipped with four pestles 7 spaced apart. There therefore exists, so that the entire length of the box can be covered by the ramming machine, four successive rammers which are coupled to each other so that they can be moved together in the lengthwise direction of the ramming box. Figure 1 shows a first elementary rammer 1 and only part of the second elementary rammer 1ʹ; on this one we find the same organs as on the elementary rammer 1 designated by the same reference numbers with the index ʹ.

Entre la dernière ligne de montage 5D de la pilonneuse élémentaire 1 et la première ligne de montage 5Aʹ de la pilonneuse élémentaire 1ʹ qui suit, il existe, quand ces deux pilonneuses sont attelées l'une avec l'autre, une distance E₂ qui est identique à la distance E₁ ou qui en est peu différente. Il est possible en effet de tolérer une certaine variation de la distance E₁.Between the last assembly line 5D of the elementary rammer 1 and the first assembly line 5Aʹ of the elementary rammer 1ʹ which follows, there is, when these two rammers are coupled with each other, a distance E₂ which is identical at distance E₁ or which is little different from it. It is indeed possible to tolerate a certain variation in the distance E₁.

Pour faciliter la réunion les unes à la suite des autres des pilonneuses élémentaires, il est possible de prévoir un évidement 22, à profil trapézoïdal en vue de dessus, dans un côté transversal du chassis 2 d'une pilonneu­se élémentaire et une saillie correspondante complémentaire 23 de même profil sur le côté transversal du chassis 2ʹ de la pilonneuse élémentaire 1ʹ qui suit. La saillie 23 s'engage dans l'évidement 22 et assure un bon centrage et une meilleu­re solidarisation des pilonneuses. En outre, ces dernières sont solidement attachées ensemble par des moyens d'attelage convenables connus non représentés.To facilitate the reunion of the rammers one after the other, it is possible to provide a recess 22, with a trapezoidal profile in top view, in a transverse side of the frame 2 of an rammer and a corresponding complementary projection 23 of the same profile on the transverse side of the chassis 2ʹ of the elementary rammer 1ʹ which follows. The projection 23 engages in the recess 22 and ensures good centering and better securing of the rammers. In addition, the latter are securely attached together by known suitable coupling means not shown.

Les pilonneuses élémentaires 1, 1ʹ attelées, les unes aux autres, constituent un train de pilonneuses qui est la machine de l'invention. Cette dernière est facilement déplaçable dans son ensemble grâce aux bogies 3. Un organe d'entraînement tel qu'un vérin, non visible sur la figure 1, est articulé d'une part sur un point fixe extérieur à la machine de pilonnage, d'autre part sur l'une des pilonneuses élémentaires, par exemple sur la pilonneuse 1. Cet organe est construit et commandé, de manière connue, pour imposer à la machine à pilonner des mouvements alternatifs de déplace­ ment dans le sens longitudinal du caisson de pilonnage. Ces mouvements d'aller et de retour ont lieu sur une course (distance entre les points extrêmes opposés) qui est déter­minée en fonction de la distance E₁ et de la seconde dimen­sion de la semelle de chaque pilon.The elementary rammers 1, 1ʹ coupled to each other, constitute a rammer train which is the machine of the invention. The latter is easily displaceable in its entirety thanks to the bogies 3. A drive member such as a jack, not visible in FIG. 1, is articulated on the one hand on a fixed point external to the ramming machine, on the other hand on one of the elementary rammers, for example on the rammer 1. This member is constructed and controlled, in a known manner, in order to impose on the pounding machine alternative movements of displaces in the longitudinal direction of the ramming box. These back and forth movements take place over a race (distance between the opposite extreme points) which is determined as a function of the distance E₁ and of the second dimension of the sole of each pestle.

La figure 2 montre schématiquement une machine de pilonnage composée de quatre pilonneuses élémentaires 1, 1ʹ, 1ʺ, 1‴ attelées ensemble sur chacune desquelles il existe quatre pilons situés sur quatre lignes de montage 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D. Ces lignes sont séparées par une distance E₁ d'une valeur de 785 mm ; la distance E₂ entre les deux lignes de montage successives 5D et 5Aʹ de deux pilonneuses élémen­taires qui se suivent a une valeur de 790 mm. Une différence de 5 mm est tout à fait tolérable. On a représenté en trait mixte sur la pilonneuse élémentaire 1ʺ la semelle de deux pilons dont la deuxième dimensions ℓ₂ est égale à la moitié environ de la distance E₁.FIG. 2 schematically shows a pounding machine composed of four elementary rammers 1, 1ʹ, 1ʺ, 1 ‴ coupled together on each of which there are four pestles located on four assembly lines 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D. These lines are separated by a distance E₁ with a value of 785 mm; the distance E₂ between the two successive assembly lines 5D and 5Aʹ of two elementary rammers which follow one another has a value of 790 mm. A difference of 5 mm is quite tolerable. There is shown in phantom on the elementary rammer 1ʺ the sole of two pestles whose second dimension ℓ₂ is equal to about half of the distance E₁.

La longueur totale de la machine de pilonnage est inférieure à la longueur du caisson de pilonnage dési­gnée par la lettre L (12.630 mm). La différence est due à un jeu ε qui est nécessaire aux deux extrémités et à une distance C qui représente la course alternative que l'organe d'entraînement peut donner à la machine, pendant le fonction­nement des pilons, à l'intérieur du caisson de pilonnage. Dans le cas présent la course C est de 400 mm, c'est-à-dire un peu plus de la moitié de la distance E₁. Par conséquent, la charbon est pilonné sur toute la longueur du caisson de pilonnage (12.630 mm), à l'exception des parties extrêmes qui correspondent au jeu ε, par suite d'un simple déplacement alternatif sur une distance C de 400 mm. L'effet produit par deux pilons voisins espacés de 785 mm se recouvre sur le charbon. Le pilonnage est donc effectué efficacement et rapi­dement ; en outre, la commande du déplacement de la machine sur une course faible de 400 mm entre des limites connues est facile à rendre automatique. La commande automatique comprend pour chaque déplacement sur la course C une phase d'accélé­ration, une phase de vitesse constante et une phase de décé­lération.The total length of the ramming machine is less than the length of the ramming box designated by the letter L (12.630 mm). The difference is due to a clearance ε which is necessary at the two ends and to a distance C which represents the alternative stroke which the drive member can give to the machine, during the operation of the drumsticks, inside the box of shelling. In the present case the stroke C is 400 mm, that is to say a little more than half of the distance E₁. Consequently, the coal is pounded over the entire length of the pounding box (12,630 mm), with the exception of the end parts which correspond to the clearance ε, following a simple reciprocating movement over a distance C of 400 mm. The effect produced by two neighboring drumsticks spaced 785 mm overlaps on the carbon. The shelling is therefore carried out efficiently and quickly; in addition, the control of the movement of the machine over a short stroke of 400 mm between known limits is easy to make automatic. Automatic control includes for each movement on race C an acceleration phase, a constant speed phase and a deceleration phase.

Les chiffres mentionnés ci-dessus sont donnés à titre indicatif. On peut modifier la distance E₁, la seconde dimension ℓ₂ des pilons et le nombre des pilons à condition que la valeur de la course C reste faible et permette un recouvrement satisfaisant de l'effet de pilonnage pendant les mouvements alternatifs de la machine de pilonnage. A cette fin les semelles des pilons peuvent avoir une seconde dimension presque égale, au jeu près qui doit subsister entre deux semelles voisines, à la distance E₁.The figures mentioned above are given for information only. One can modify the distance E₁, the second dimension ℓ₂ of the pestles and the number of pestles provided that the value of the stroke C remains low and allows satisfactory recovery of the pounding effect during the alternating movements of the pounding machine. To this end, the soles of the drumsticks can have a second dimension which is almost equal, apart from the clearance which must remain between two neighboring soles, at the distance E₁.

Dans l'un ou l'autre des deux cas, d'une part celui où la machine de pilonnage est réalisée avec un chas­sis d'un seul tenant de la longueur totale spécifiée, d'autre part celui où elle est composée de plusieurs pilonneuses élémentaires attelées, elle pourrait être motorisée pour se déplacer par elle-même le long de la course de pilonnage sans vérin extérieur de déplacement.In either of the two cases, on the one hand the one where the shelling machine is made with a chassis in one piece of the specified total length, on the other hand the one where it is composed of several rammers coupled elementary, it could be motorized to move by itself along the ramming stroke without external displacement cylinder.

On se reportera maintenant aux figures 3 et 4 pour décrire le dispositif de freinage et de retenue de chacun des pilons. Ce dispositif n'est pas visible sur la figure 1. Il est monté au-dessus du chassis robuste 2, de préférence il est installé au-dessus d'une petite plate-­forme 24 qui pemet d'accéder facilement aux pièces de ce dispositif. Cette plateforme 24 est elle-même supportée par des montants verticaux (non représentés) qui prennent appui sur le chassis 2.Reference will now be made to FIGS. 3 and 4 to describe the braking and retaining device for each of the drumsticks. This device is not visible in Figure 1. It is mounted above the robust chassis 2, preferably it is installed above a small platform 24 which allows easy access to the parts of this device . This platform 24 is itself supported by vertical uprights (not shown) which bear on the frame 2.

Dans la partie de chaque pilon 6 visible sur la figure 3, chaque pilon 6 est disposé verticalement entre deux paires de galets de guidage 25,26 espacés en sens verti­cal.In the part of each pestle 6 visible in Figure 3, each pestle 6 is arranged vertically between two pairs of guide rollers 25,26 spaced vertically.

Dans l'intervalle en sens vertical qui existe entre ces paires de galet de guidage 25,26, l'âme 27 du profilé vertical 7 passe entre unepaire 28 de deux rou­ leux montés en opposition 28A, 28B qui font partie du dis­positif de freinage. Ce dernier est désignée par la réfé­rence générale 29.In the vertical direction between these pairs of guide rollers 25, 26, the core 27 of the vertical profile 7 passes between a pair 28 of two wheels. leux mounted in opposition 28A, 28B which are part of the braking device. The latter is designated by the general reference 29.

Chaque rouleau 28A, 28B est du type à roue libre dans un sens de rotation et à moyen de blocage en sens inver­se, bien connu en soi. La rotation libre a lieu pendant la montée du pilon.Each roller 28A, 28B is of the type with free wheel in one direction of rotation and with locking means in opposite direction, well known per se. The free rotation takes place during the rise of the pestle.

Chaque rouleau 28A, 28B est monté libre sur un arbre respectif 30A, 30B de façon à être contenu entre les ailes du profilé 7 et à pouvoir être appuyé contre une garni­ture de friction 31 qui couvre chacune des faces de l'âme 27. Un ensemble rouleau 28A-arbre 30A est monté à une première extrémité qui est ici l'extrémité inférieure d'un levier 32 ; ce dernier est monté pivotant autour d'un axe horizontal 33 supporté à partir de la plateforme 24 et il se prolonge verticalement pour se terminer par une seconde extrémité ou extrémité supérieure. L'autre ensemble rouleau 28B-arbre 30B est monté pareillement à une première extrémité ou extrémité inférieure d'un levier 34 également monté pivotant autour d'un axe horizontal 35 supporté aussi à partir de la plateforme 24. Ce levier 34 se prolonge verticalement jusqu'à une seconde extrémité ou extrémité supérieure à laquelle est solidement fixée une barre horizontale 36. Celle-ci est déportée par rapport au pilon 6 de façon à ne pas gêner ce dernier. La barre horizontale 36 se termine par une partie extrême verti­cale 37 qui est parallèle au levier 32 en face de la seconde extrémité de ce dernier. La distance entre le levier 32 et la partie extrême verticale 37 de la barre 36 est fixée à la valeur qui convient pour attacher à ces deux pièces un organe de serrage qui est de préférence un tendeur de rappel en élastomère ou un ressort de rappel, représenté par un trait mixte 38. La disposition que l'on vient de décrire équivaut à déplacer la deuxième partie extrême du levier 34 par rapport au levier 32 afin que le sens de rapprochement des extrémi­tés de ces leviers soit le même que le sens de rapprochement des rouleaux 28A, 28B. Plus précisément, quand le tendeur de rappel élastique 38 tend à rapprocher le levier 32 et la partie extrême verticale 37 de la barre 36, il tend aussi à appliquer constamment les rouleaux 28A et 28 B contre la garniture de friction 31 de l'âme 27 du profilé 7.Each roller 28A, 28B is mounted free on a respective shaft 30A, 30B so as to be contained between the wings of the profile 7 and to be able to be pressed against a friction lining 31 which covers each of the faces of the core 27. A set roller 28A-shaft 30A is mounted at a first end which is here the lower end of a lever 32; the latter is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis 33 supported from the platform 24 and it extends vertically to end in a second end or upper end. The other roller assembly 28B-shaft 30B is similarly mounted at a first end or lower end of a lever 34 also mounted pivoting about a horizontal axis 35 also supported from the platform 24. This lever 34 extends vertically up to 'at a second end or upper end to which a horizontal bar 36 is firmly fixed. The latter is offset relative to the pestle 6 so as not to hinder the latter. The horizontal bar 36 ends in an extreme vertical part 37 which is parallel to the lever 32 opposite the second end of the latter. The distance between the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 of the bar 36 is fixed at the value which is suitable for attaching to these two parts a clamping member which is preferably an elastomer return tensioner or a return spring, shown by a dashed line 38. The arrangement which has just been described is equivalent to displacing the second end part of the lever 34 relative to the lever 32 so that the direction of approach of the ends of these levers is the same as the direction of approach rollers 28A, 28B. More precisely, when the elastic return tensioner 38 tends to bring the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 closer to the bar 36, it also tends to constantly apply the rollers 28A and 28 B against the friction lining 31 of the core 27 profile 7.

Un vérin à air comprimé 39 est attelé entre le levier 32 et la partie extrême verticale 37 de la barre 36, parallèlement au tendeur élastique 38. Quand ce vérin 39 est mis en extension il écarte le levier 32 et la partie extrême 38 et, ainsi, il éloigne les rouleaux 28A, 28B de l'âme 27 d'une distance suffisante pour que ces rouleaux deviennent inopérants. Des butées 40A, 40B sont disposées pour limiter respectivement le déplacement du levier 32 et du levier 34 afin de répartir de manière égale l'écartement des rouleaux 28A, 28B de part et d'autre de l'âme 27. Avec ce montage, au moment du serrage des rouleaux 28A, 28B sur l'âme 27 sous l'action du tendeur 38, il se produit un auto­centrage des rouleaux par rapport au profilé 7 même quand celui-ci est désaxé.A compressed air cylinder 39 is coupled between the lever 32 and the vertical end portion 37 of the bar 36, parallel to the elastic tensioner 38. When this jack 39 is put in extension it separates the lever 32 and the end portion 38 and, thus , it moves the rollers 28A, 28B away from the core 27 by a distance sufficient for these rollers to become inoperative. Stops 40A, 40B are arranged to respectively limit the movement of the lever 32 and of the lever 34 in order to distribute the spacing of the rollers 28A, 28B equally on either side of the core 27. With this mounting, at when the rollers 28A, 28B are tightened on the core 27 under the action of the tensioner 38, there is self-centering of the rollers relative to the profile 7 even when the latter is off-center.

Pendant toute la durée des périodes de pilonnage, le vérin 39 est mis en service dans le sens de l'extension si bien que le pilon 6 est totalement libre de ses mouve­ments en sens vertical sous l'effet des cylindres excentrés 8,9. A chaque rotation, pendant une fraction de tour ces derniers serrent l'âme 27 du pilon 6 et propulsent ce der­nier vers le haut puis le laissent retomber pendant le reste du tour pour recommencer aussitôt.Throughout the duration of the pounding periods, the jack 39 is put into service in the direction of the extension so that the pestle 6 is completely free to move in the vertical direction under the effect of the eccentric cylinders 8,9. At each rotation, during a fraction of a turn, the latter tighten the core 27 of the pestle 6 and propel the latter upwards then let it fall during the rest of the turn to start again immediately.

Quand le pilonnage est terminé et que le pilon 6 doit être élevé jusqu'à sa position la plus élevée ou position de repos, le vérin 39 est mis au repos ; il laisse libre le tendeur de rappel élastique 38 qui serre alors constamment les rouleaux 28A, 28B contre l'âme 27. Ces deux rouleaux 28A, 28B sont montés de façon à être libres en rotation dans le sens de la montée du pilon 6 comme indiqué par des flèches F sur la figure 4 pendant que les cylindres excentrés 8,9 entraînent ce pilon vers le haut. Dès que les cylindres excentrés 8,9 libèrent le pilon 6, celui-ci peut continuer à monter s'il a reçu une impulsion suffisante, mais il lui est impossible de descendre ; en effet, les rouleaux 28A, 28B sont bloqués en rotation dans ce sens et ils sont pressés par le tendeur 38 avec une force, multipliée par les leviers 32, 34, suffisante pour que le freinage produit en coopération avec la garniture de friction 31 immobilise ce pilon.When the shelling is finished and the pestle 6 must be raised to its highest position or rest position, the jack 39 is put to rest; it leaves free the elastic return tensioner 38 which then constantly clamps the rollers 28A, 28B against the core 27. These two rollers 28A, 28B are mounted so as to be free to rotate in the direction of the rise of the pestle 6 as indicated by arrows F in Figure 4 while the cylinders offset 8.9 cause this pestle to go up. As soon as the eccentric cylinders 8,9 release the pestle 6, it can continue to rise if it has received a sufficient impulse, but it is impossible for it to descend; in fact, the rollers 28A, 28B are locked in rotation in this direction and they are pressed by the tensioner 38 with a force, multiplied by the levers 32, 34, sufficient for the braking produced in cooperation with the friction lining 31 to immobilize that pestle.

Le même effet a lieu après chaque mouvement d'en­traînement du pilon 6 vers le haut par les cylindres excen­trés 8,9 de sorte que le pilon atteint rapidement sa posi­tion supérieure de repos. Un moyen de verrouillage supplémen­taire, non représenté, permet d'interdire la chute libre du pilon 6 à partir de sa position haute.The same effect takes place after each movement of driving the pestle 6 upwards by the eccentric cylinders 8, 9 so that the pestle quickly reaches its upper rest position. An additional locking means, not shown, makes it possible to prevent the free fall of the pestle 6 from its high position.

On remarquera que pendant l'utilisation effective du dispositif de freinage de l'invention,les rouleaux 28A, 28B roulent simplement contre la garniture de friction 31 et restent constamment en contact de roulement avec elle. Le risque de détérionation est éliminé et l'usure est mini­misée. En outre, l'action de freinage due aux rouleaux 28A, 28B est automatique et totalement indépendante du mouvement des cylidnres excentrés 8,9 ; aucune coordination des mouve­ments n'est nécessaire. La mise en action de serrage des rouleaux 28A, 28B contre la garniture 31 de l'âme 27, sous l'effet du tendeur élastique 38 produit un freinage contrô­lé qui permet d'arrêter le pilon au cours de sa chute sans brutalité. De plus, l'ensemble du dispositif est simple dans sa conception et dans sa réalisation.It will be noted that during the effective use of the braking device of the invention, the rollers 28A, 28B simply roll against the friction lining 31 and remain constantly in rolling contact with it. The risk of deterioration is eliminated and wear is minimized. In addition, the braking action due to the rollers 28A, 28B is automatic and completely independent of the movement of the eccentric cylinders 8, 9; no coordination of movements is necessary. The clamping action of the rollers 28A, 28B against the lining 31 of the core 27, under the effect of the elastic tensioner 38 produces controlled braking which makes it possible to stop the pestle during its fall without brutality. In addition, the entire device is simple in its design and construction.

La réalisation décrite est préférée en raison de sa simplicité et de sa sûreté de fonctionnement. On ne sor­tirati pas du cadre de l'invention en adoptant d'autres moyens équivalents pour la commande des mouvements des deux rouleaux 28A,28Bet le serrage de ces rouleaux contre l'âme 27 du pilon afin de mettre en service le dispositif de freinage et de retenue pen­dans la montée du pilon.The described embodiment is preferred because of its simplicity and its operational safety. It will not depart from the scope of the invention by adopting other equivalent means for controlling the movements of the two rollers 28A, 28Bet the tightening of these rollers against the core 27 of the pestle in order to activate the braking device and of restraint during the rise of the pestle.

Selon un perfectionnement supplémentaire de l'invention, il existe sur chacun des pilons 6 au moins un et de préférence plusieurs repères détectables 41 auxquels correspondent, sur des supports respectifs montés sur la plate-forme 4, des capteurs de détection 42. Ces capteurs 42 sont reliés à un appareil central de suveillance. De cette façon il est possible de surveiller à distance le bon fonction­nement de chacun des pilons et de détecter tout pilon devenant défectueux par suite, le plus souvent, de l'usure des garnitures 31 qui couvrent l'âme 27 du profilé 7. Les repères détectables peuvent être des plaquettes 41 en acier inoxydable fixées par exemple sur la face extérieure d'une aile du profilé 7 de chaque pilon 6. Ces plaquettes 41 sont représentées seulement sur les deux pilons 6 les plus à gauche quand on regarde la figure 1. Il est avantageux de mettre plusieurs plaquettes 41 espacées d'un pas constant dans le sens longitudinal de chaque pilon 6. Ainsi la vitesse de fonctionnement et l'amplitude des mouvements, en sens vertical de chaque pilon peuvent être mesurées et contrôlées en permenence, ce qui permet de détecter les débuts de l'usure des garnitures 31. Les capteurs 42 pour la détection des plaquettes 41 en acier inoxydable sont de type amagnétique et connus dans le commerce, et n'ont pas besoin d'être décrits ; il en est de même pour l'appareil central de surveillance.According to a further improvement of the invention, there are on each of the pestles 6 at least one and preferably several detectable marks 41 to which correspond, on respective supports mounted on the platform 4, detection sensors 42. These sensors 42 are connected to a central monitoring device. In this way it is possible to remotely monitor the proper functioning of each of the pestles and to detect any pestle becoming defective as a result, most often, of the wear of the linings 31 which cover the core 27 of the profile 7. The marks detectable may be plates 41 of stainless steel fixed for example on the outer face of a wing of the section 7 of each pestle 6. These plates 41 are shown only on the two pestles 6 furthest to the left when looking at FIG. 1. It is advantageous to put several plates 41 spaced by a constant pitch in the longitudinal direction of each pestle 6. Thus the operating speed and the amplitude of the movements, in the vertical direction of each pestle can be measured and controlled at all times, this which makes it possible to detect the beginnings of wear on the linings 31. The sensors 42 for detecting the stainless steel plates 41 are of the non-magnetic type and known in the trade, and do not need to be described; the same is true for the central surveillance apparatus.

Claims (12)

1. Machine pour pilonner des mélanges de charbon à cokéfier, dans un caisson de pilonnage ayant une longueur (L), comprenant plusieurs pilons espacés ayant chacun un profilé vertical (7) avec une âme,comprenant aussi d'une part un dispositif de soulèvement ayant deux excentriques de sou­lèvement contenant entre eux ladite âme, d'autre part un dispositif de freinage et de retenue ayant deux éléments antagonistes contenant aussi entre eux ladite âme, chaque profilé vertical (7) ayant encore une semelle de pilonnage présentant en sens longitudinal au caisson de pilonnage une seconde dimension (ℓ₂), caractérisée en ce que cette machine a une longueur totale inférieure de la valeur d'une course de déplacement (C) à la longueur (L) de ce caisson, et elle porte lesdits pilons sur des lignes de montage (5A,5B,5C...) transversales, espacées d'une distance (E₁) sensiblement constante, cette machine étant en outre équipée d'un organe moteur de déplacement apte à lui imposer dans le sens de la longueur du caisson des mouvements alternatifs sur ladite course de déplacement (C), la distance (E₁) qui sépare les lignes de montage successives (5A, 5B, 5C...) et la seconde dimension (ℓ₂) des semelles étant déterminées en fonction de la valeur de ladite course (C) pour qu'un recouvrement satisfaisant de l'effet des semelles des pilons se produise pendant lesdits mouvements alternatifs.1. Machine for pounding coal coking mixes, in a pounding box having a length (L), comprising several spaced pestles each having a vertical profile (7) with a core, also comprising on the one hand a lifting device having two lifting eccentrics containing said core therebetween, on the other hand a braking and retaining device having two opposing elements also containing said core between them, each vertical section (7) also having a ramming sole having in the longitudinal direction at second dimension shelling box (ℓ₂), characterized in that this machine has a total length less than the value of a displacement stroke (C) than the length (L) of this box, and it carries said pestles on transverse assembly lines (5A, 5B, 5C ...), spaced apart by a substantially constant distance (E₁), this machine being furthermore equipped with a displacement motor member capable of imposing it in the direction of the length of the box of alternative movements on said displacement stroke (C), the distance (E₁) which separates the successive assembly lines (5A, 5B, 5C ...) and the second dimension (ℓ₂) of the soles being determined as a function of the value of said stroke (C) so that satisfactory recovery of the effect of the soles of the drumsticks occurs during said reciprocating movements. 2. Machine selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle est composée de plusieurs pilonneuses élémen­taires (1, 1ʹ,1ʺ, 1‴ ...) comprenant chacune un chassis (2,2ʹ ...) monté sur roues s'étendant en sens transversal au caisson de pilonnage et portant sur au moins une ligne de montage (5A,5B,5C,5D, 5Aʹ....) au moins un pilon (6,6ʹ...) et ses organes de manoeuvre, ces pilonneuses étant attelées les unes aux autres pour composer un train de pilonnage constituant la machine de pilonnage, les lignes de montage (5A,5B,5C,5D, 5Aʹ....) étant espacées d'une distance substan­ tiellement égale à ladite distance (E₁) à la fois sur chaque pilonneuse élémentaire et entre les pilonneuses qui se sui­vent.2. Machine according to claim 1 characterized in that it is composed of several elementary rammers (1, 1ʹ, 1ʺ, 1 ‴ ...) each comprising a chassis (2.2ʹ ...) mounted on extending wheels transverse to the ramming box and bearing on at least one assembly line (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5Aʹ ....) at least one pestle (6,6 6 ...) and its operating members, these rammers being coupled to each other to compose a ramming train constituting the ramming machine, the assembly lines (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5Aʹ ....) being spaced apart by a substantial distance tally equal to said distance (E₁) both on each elementary rammer and between the rammers that follow. 3. Machine selon la revendication 2 caractéri­sée en ce que chaque pilonneuse élémentaire (1,1ʹ,1ʺ,1‴) est équipée de plusieurs pilons (6) et les excentriques (8,9) de ces pilons sont montés respectivement sur deux arbres com­muns (10,11) supportés chacun par le chassis (2) au moyen de plusieurs paliers (12A, 12B, 12C), ces deux arbres (10,11) étant reliés l'un à l'autre par des moyens de transmission en rotation (20,21) et l'un d'eux étant accouplé en rotation à l'arbre de sortie (14) d'un réducteur de vitesse (15) ayant un arbre d'entrée (16) relié fonctionnellement à l'ar­bre de sortie d'un moteur (19) monté sur le chassis (2).3. Machine according to claim 2 characterized in that each elementary rammer (1,1ʹ, 1ʺ, 1 ‴) is equipped with several pestles (6) and the eccentrics (8,9) of these pestles are mounted respectively on two common shafts (10,11) each supported by the chassis (2) by means of several bearings (12A, 12B, 12C), these two shafts (10,11) being connected to each other by means of transmission in rotation (20,21) and one of them being rotatably coupled to the output shaft (14) of a speed reducer (15) having an input shaft (16) operatively connected to the output shaft output of a motor (19) mounted on the chassis (2). 4. Machine selon la revendication 2 caractéri­sée en ce que le chassis (2) de chaque pilonneuse élémentaire (1,1ʹ1ʺ,1‴) a sur un côté transversal un évidement (22) et la pilonneuse élémentaire qui suit a sur un côté transversal de son chassis (2ʹ) une saillie (23) de profil complémentaire s'angageant dans ledit évidement (22).4. Machine according to claim 2 characterized in that the frame (2) of each elementary rammer (1,1ʹ1ʺ, 1 ‴) has on a transverse side a recess (22) and the elementary rammer which follows has on a transverse side of its chassis (2ʹ) a projection (23) of complementary profile angulating in said recess (22). 5. Machine selon la revendication 3 caractéri­sée en ce que l'arbre de sortie (14) du réducteur de vitesse (15) est un arbre creux et la partie extrême de l'arbre com­mun (10) correspondant est engagée dans ledit arbre creux en relation de transmission du couple de rotation.5. Machine according to claim 3 characterized in that the output shaft (14) of the speed reducer (15) is a hollow shaft and the end part of the corresponding common shaft (10) is engaged in said hollow shaft in torque transmission relationship. 6. Machine selon la revendication 1 caractéri­sée en ce que la course de déplacement (C) a une valeur qui est substantiellement égale à la moitié de la distance (E₁) cependant que la seconde dimension (ℓ₂) de la semelle des pilons a une valeur qui est substantiellement égale à la moi­tié de la distance (E₁).6. Machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the displacement stroke (C) has a value which is substantially equal to half the distance (E₁) while the second dimension (ℓ₂) of the sole of the drumsticks has a value which is substantially equal to half the distance (E₁). 7. Machine selon la revendication 1 caractéri­sée en ce que le dispositif de freinage et de retenue de chaque pilon comprend deux rouleaux en opposition (28A,28B) ne permettant qu'un sens de rotation qui correspond à la montée du pilon et à moyen de blocage en sens inverse, ces rouleaux (28A,28B) étant appliqués contre la garniture (31) des faces opposées de l'âme (27) du pilon (6), de pré­férence par des forces égales, pendant l'opération de mon­tée de ce pilon jusqu'à sa position supérieure de repos.7. Machine according to claim 1 characterized in that the braking and retaining device of each pestle comprises two opposing rollers (28A, 28B) allowing only one direction of rotation which corresponds to the rise of the pestle and locking means in the opposite direction, these rollers (28A, 28B) being applied against the lining (31) of the opposite faces of the core (27) of the pestle (6), preferably by equal forces, during the operation of raising this pestle to its upper rest position. 8. Machine selon la revendication 7 caractérisée en ce que les deux rouleaux antagonistes (28A,28B) sont portés par deux leviers (32,34) à une première extrémité de ceux-ci, la deuxième extrémité opposée des mêmes leviers étant soumise à l'effet d'un organe de serrage (38) qui tend, pendant l'utilisation du dispositif, à serrer lesdits rouleaux (28A,28B) contre l'âme (27) du pilon (6).8. Machine according to claim 7 characterized in that the two opposing rollers (28A, 28B) are carried by two levers (32,34) at a first end thereof, the second opposite end of the same levers being subjected to the effect of a clamping member (38) which tends, during the use of the device, to clamp said rollers (28A, 28B) against the core (27) of the pestle (6). 9. Machine selon la revendication 8 caractérisée en ce que ledit organe de serrage (38) est réuni à chaque deuxième extrémité des deux leviers (32,34) et il agit simultanément sur eux en sens opposés.9. Machine according to claim 8 characterized in that said clamping member (38) is joined at each second end of the two levers (32,34) and it acts simultaneously on them in opposite directions. 10. Machine selon la revendication 8 caractérisée en ce que la deuxième partie extrême de l'un des leviers (34) est déportée par rapport à l'autre levier (32) au moyen d'une barre (36) terminée par une partie extrême (37) parallèle à cet autre levier (32) et l'organe de serrage (38) est un tendeur en élastomère qui tend à rapprocher l'une ver l'autre ladite partie extrême (37) et l'autre levier (32) pour appliquer les rouleaux (28A,28B) contre l'âme (27) du pilon (6).10. Machine according to claim 8 characterized in that the second end part of one of the levers (34) is offset relative to the other lever (32) by means of a bar (36) terminated by an end part (37) parallel to this other lever (32) and the clamping member (38) is an elastomeric tensioner which tends to bring one towards the other said end portion (37) and the other lever (32) to apply the rollers (28A, 28B) against the core (27) of the pestle (6). 11. Machine selon la revendication 10 caractérisée en ce qu'un vérin (39) est attelé parallèlement au tendeur de serrage (38) entre la deuxième extrémité du levier (32) et la partie extrême (37) de la barre (36), la mise en extension de ce vérin (39) ayant pour effet de rendre les rouleaux (28A,28B) inopérants.11. Machine according to claim 10 characterized in that a jack (39) is coupled parallel to the tightening tensioner (38) between the second end of the lever (32) and the end part (37) of the bar (36), the extension of this cylinder (39) having the effect of making the rollers (28A, 28B) inoperative. 12. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que le profilé (7) de chaque pilon (6) est muni d'au moins un repère détectable (41), et de préférence de plusieurs repères détectables espacés dans le sens de sa longueur, et il existe en correspondance des capteurs de détection (42) qui sont reliés à un appareil cen­tral de surveillance.12. Machine according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 7, characterized in that the profile (7) of each pestle (6) is provided with at least one detectable mark (41), and preferably with several marks detectable spaced along its length, and there are corresponding detection sensors (42) which are connected to a central monitoring device.
EP87402589A 1986-11-26 1987-11-17 Automatic machine for tamping coal cakes to become coked Expired - Lifetime EP0272957B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8616478 1986-11-26
FR8616477A FR2607064B1 (en) 1986-11-26 1986-11-26 AUTOMATIC COALING BREAD COALING MACHINE
FR8616477 1986-11-26
FR8616478A FR2607065B1 (en) 1986-11-26 1986-11-26 DEVICE FOR BRAKING AND RETAINING PILONS IN A COKERIE PILLOVER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0272957A1 true EP0272957A1 (en) 1988-06-29
EP0272957B1 EP0272957B1 (en) 1992-05-13

Family

ID=26225604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402589A Expired - Lifetime EP0272957B1 (en) 1986-11-26 1987-11-17 Automatic machine for tamping coal cakes to become coked

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0272957B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1033917C (en)
DE (1) DE3779076D1 (en)
IN (1) IN170405B (en)
PL (1) PL148488B1 (en)
RU (1) RU1831493C (en)
UA (1) UA12329A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU626397B2 (en) * 1989-03-30 1992-07-30 Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for continuous stroke monitoring in a tamping process
CN103820136A (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-05-28 武汉科技大学 Tamping equipment for material sample of experimental coking furnace
CN108285796A (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-07-17 太原市凯特嘉机械有限公司 A kind of pressure float coal machine
CN116694342A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-09-05 太原市凯特嘉机械有限公司 Pulverized coal tamping machine and pulverized coal tamping method

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR354553A (en) * 1905-05-23 1905-10-07 Nicolas Et Triquet Soc Rammer
FR443761A (en) * 1912-05-13 1912-10-02 Theodor Frey Device for lifting and dropping vertical rods
FR518411A (en) * 1919-03-03 1921-05-26 Julius Urbanek Hammer lifting device
FR2228557A1 (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-12-06 Muller Alfred Forge power hammer for ironworks - uses externally selected programme and has descent governing safety feature
FR2234983A1 (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-24 Saarbergwerke Ag Coke oven charge compaction system - using sets of reciprocating carriages with free fall stampers
FR2339665A1 (en) * 1976-01-31 1977-08-26 Saarbergwerke Ag DEVICE FOR IMMOBILIZING IN A RAISED POSITION THE CROWDS OF A TRUCKING DEVICE OF A COKERY WORKING WITH GREENHOUSE COAL
FR2340363A1 (en) * 1976-02-03 1977-09-02 Saarbergwerke Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPACTING COKE COAL IN A RIGGING MOLD
FR2428667A1 (en) * 1978-06-16 1980-01-11 Pohlig Heckel Bleichert Coking coal charge stamping plant - with reciprocating central group and static end groups of stampers

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CN86202094U (en) * 1986-04-04 1986-11-19 黄荣华 Punching pin-block assembly for honeycomb briquet-making machine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR354553A (en) * 1905-05-23 1905-10-07 Nicolas Et Triquet Soc Rammer
FR443761A (en) * 1912-05-13 1912-10-02 Theodor Frey Device for lifting and dropping vertical rods
FR518411A (en) * 1919-03-03 1921-05-26 Julius Urbanek Hammer lifting device
FR2228557A1 (en) * 1973-05-08 1974-12-06 Muller Alfred Forge power hammer for ironworks - uses externally selected programme and has descent governing safety feature
FR2234983A1 (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-24 Saarbergwerke Ag Coke oven charge compaction system - using sets of reciprocating carriages with free fall stampers
FR2339665A1 (en) * 1976-01-31 1977-08-26 Saarbergwerke Ag DEVICE FOR IMMOBILIZING IN A RAISED POSITION THE CROWDS OF A TRUCKING DEVICE OF A COKERY WORKING WITH GREENHOUSE COAL
FR2340363A1 (en) * 1976-02-03 1977-09-02 Saarbergwerke Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPACTING COKE COAL IN A RIGGING MOLD
FR2428667A1 (en) * 1978-06-16 1980-01-11 Pohlig Heckel Bleichert Coking coal charge stamping plant - with reciprocating central group and static end groups of stampers

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU626397B2 (en) * 1989-03-30 1992-07-30 Saarbergwerke Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for continuous stroke monitoring in a tamping process
CN103820136A (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-05-28 武汉科技大学 Tamping equipment for material sample of experimental coking furnace
CN108285796A (en) * 2018-03-30 2018-07-17 太原市凯特嘉机械有限公司 A kind of pressure float coal machine
CN116694342A (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-09-05 太原市凯特嘉机械有限公司 Pulverized coal tamping machine and pulverized coal tamping method
CN116694342B (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-10-03 太原市凯特嘉机械有限公司 Pulverized coal tamping machine and pulverized coal tamping method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0272957B1 (en) 1992-05-13
DE3779076D1 (en) 1992-06-17
PL148488B1 (en) 1989-10-31
IN170405B (en) 1992-03-21
CN87108045A (en) 1988-06-08
UA12329A (en) 1996-12-25
RU1831493C (en) 1993-07-30
CN1033917C (en) 1997-01-29
PL269049A1 (en) 1988-08-18
CN1074472A (en) 1993-07-21

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