EP0269068B1 - Emballage-aérosol - Google Patents

Emballage-aérosol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0269068B1
EP0269068B1 EP87117316A EP87117316A EP0269068B1 EP 0269068 B1 EP0269068 B1 EP 0269068B1 EP 87117316 A EP87117316 A EP 87117316A EP 87117316 A EP87117316 A EP 87117316A EP 0269068 B1 EP0269068 B1 EP 0269068B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upper chamber
chambers
chamber
plunger
lower chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117316A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0269068A2 (fr
EP0269068A3 (en
Inventor
Walter Dekanovsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87117316T priority Critical patent/ATE96115T1/de
Publication of EP0269068A2 publication Critical patent/EP0269068A2/fr
Publication of EP0269068A3 publication Critical patent/EP0269068A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0269068B1 publication Critical patent/EP0269068B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/68—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them
    • B65D83/682—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head
    • B65D83/687—Dispensing two or more contents, e.g. sequential dispensing or simultaneous dispensing of two or more products without mixing them the products being first separated, but finally mixed, e.g. in a dispensing head the products being totally mixed on, or prior to, first use, e.g. by breaking an ampoule containing one of the products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/75—Aerosol containers not provided for in groups B65D83/16 - B65D83/74
    • B65D83/752—Aerosol containers not provided for in groups B65D83/16 - B65D83/74 characterised by the use of specific products or propellants

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aerosol packaging with two separate chambers for different components to be mixed in use according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an aerosol packaging with two separate chambers is known, which are provided for different components to be mixed during use.
  • the two chambers are arranged one above the other and connected to one another by a connection channel that can be opened in use such that the opening of the connection channel can be produced by mechanically moving the chambers toward one another.
  • the connecting channel includes a plunger with an axially extending fluid passage. When the chambers are used or mechanically moved against one another, the plunger is displaceable relative to a bottom closure of the upper chamber and relative to a lid closure of the lower chamber, to be precise in establishing the fluid connection between the upper and the lower chamber.
  • an independently operated dispensing valve is assigned to the upper chamber.
  • this known aerosol packaging comprises a mother-daughter valve arrangement which connects the two chambers to one another, both the mother valve and the daughter valve each being conventional aerosol check valves.
  • the lower chamber is usually filled with hydrogen peroxide and a blowing agent, so that the lower chamber must be permanently pressure-resistant and resistant to pressure.
  • the known mother-daughter valve arrangement of this known aerosol packaging is extremely disadvantageous.
  • the mother-daughter valve assembly includes a variety of individual components, such as valve body, stem, check valve balls, helical compression springs, sheet metal surrounds, separate sealing rings, etc.
  • these parts are highly sensitive to the hydrogen peroxide located in the lower chamber.
  • the first signs of decomposition can be observed in the valve area after only three to four months of storage. Accordingly, leakages that make the entire system unusable cannot be prevented in the event of a longer storage time.
  • the hydrogen peroxide stored in the lower chamber decomposes into water and oxygen after some time. This also increases the pressure in the lower chamber, which further promotes leakage.
  • the lower chamber in this known aerosol packaging must be under such a high pressure that, on the one hand, the component stored in the lower chamber, when the connecting channel between the two chambers is opened, is pressed into the upper chamber by mixing with the component stored in the upper chamber and on the other hand the mixture is discharged from the upper chamber to a sufficient extent.
  • the lower chamber must therefore be built to be extremely pressure-resistant.
  • the present task is therefore based on the task of developing an aerosol packaging of the generic type in such a way that the lower chamber can be under a lower pressure while the functionality and safety are unchanged, while at the same time being both structurally and assembly-technically much simpler , extremely corrosion-resistant and absolutely leakproof fluid connection between the two chambers can be achieved before use.
  • the construction according to the invention is characterized by a one-piece tappet, the bottom closure and the lid closure by an extremely simple, uncomplicated construction.
  • the pressure ratios are preferably selected in accordance with claim 4. Furthermore, the blowing agent filled into the upper chamber for discharging the component mixture is at the same time a foaming agent. This dual function cannot easily be imparted to a propellant filled in the lower chamber. This is not least due to the chemical reactivity of the hydrogen peroxide, which is usually filled into the lower chamber.
  • FIG. 1 of an aerosol packaging designed according to the invention consists of an upper chamber 11 and a lower chamber 12.
  • the upper chamber 11 has a head valve 13 of conventional type (aerosol dispensing valve) and a bottom opening in the pot-like cap 14 is used in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the lower chamber 12 has at its top an opening 15 (here bottle-like opening) into which a pot-like cap 16 is also inserted in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the caps 14, 16 thus have axial recesses, the openings in the assembled state of the packaging face each other and are aligned with one another in the assembled state of the packaging.
  • the axially extending recesses of the caps 14, 16 are identified by the reference numerals 17 and 18, respectively.
  • the lower chamber 12 is arranged within a pot-like container 19 which can be screwed into a sleeve-like extension 20 arranged on the underside of the upper chamber 11 such that the upper and lower chambers can be moved relative to one another by opening a connecting channel 21 to be described in more detail below between the upper and lower chamber.
  • the sleeve-like extension can be an integral part of the upper chamber 11.
  • the sleeve-like extension 20 is, however, a separate component, preferably made of plastic, which can be snapped into place at the lower peripheral edge 22 of the upper chamber.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve-like extension 20 is flush with the outer circumferential surface of the upper chamber 11, so that the impression of a downwardly continued upper chamber 11 is given.
  • the container 19 is provided with knurling or corrugation 23 along the lower outer circumference.
  • the screw connection between the container 19 and the sleeve-like extension 20 is identified in FIG. 1 by the reference number 24.
  • the container 19 is preferably also made of plastic.
  • the circumferential surface of the part of the container 19 protruding from the sleeve-like extension 20 is flush with the peripheral surface 19 of the sleeve-like extension 20. This gives the impression that the aerosol packaging described is a one-piece aerosol can.
  • connection channel 21 between the upper Chamber 11 and lower chamber 12 is formed by a plunger 25 with an axially extending fluid passage 26, the upper end 27 of the plunger 25 within the correspondingly dimensioned axial recess 17 of the first closure cap 14 inserted in the bottom 28 of the upper chamber 11 in a fluid-tight manner and the lower one End 29 of the plunger 25 within the correspondingly dimensioned axial recess 18 of the second closure cap 16 inserted into the opening 15 of the lower chamber 12 in a fluid-tight manner is axially displaceable and is fluid-tight relative to the surroundings.
  • the predetermined breaking point is in each case formed by a material weakening 33 or 34 extending over the circumference of the bottom walls 30, 31 (see FIG. 2).
  • 1 and 2 show the state of the connecting channel before the aerosol packaging is used
  • FIG. 3 shows the connecting channel 21 in its open position, ie with the bottom walls 30, 31 of the closure caps 14, 16.
  • the fluid connection between the lower chamber 12 and upper chamber 11 is in Fig. 3 with the arrows 35 indicated.
  • end faces 36, 37 of the plunger 25 defining the connecting channel 21 each have a groove 39 and 40, which extends transversely across the end face and crosses the axial fluid passage 26, in order to ensure the fluid connection between the two chambers 11 and 12, even only partially Opening of the broken bottom walls 30, 31.
  • a stop which is effective both in relation to the lower and in relation to the upper chamber is formed on the plunger 25 in the form of an approximately half-length ring flange 41 which extends over the circumference of the plunger 25 , which at the same time limits the mutual movement of the upper and lower chamber and which at the same time ensures that when the upper and lower chamber move against each other both caps 14, 16 are broken open.
  • the central region 42 of the plunger 25 arranged between the two plunger ends 27, 29 has an outer diameter which is somewhat larger than the inner diameter of the axial recesses 17, 18 in the two closure caps 14 and 16.
  • the plunger 25 is thus moved when the two chambers 11 move against one another and 12 pressed into the axial recesses 17, 18 of the closure caps 14, 16 assigned to the two chambers, forming an interference fit.
  • the caps 14, 16 are made of resilient plastic material.
  • the lower chamber 12 is filled with a first component A, in particular hydrogen peroxide, and a first blowing agent T1, in particular butane, propane or the like, while the upper chamber 11 with a second component B, in particular a hair dye or the like, and a second blowing agent T2 is filled.
  • the latter causes a lower pressure within the upper chamber 11 than the propellant T 1 filled in the lower chamber.
  • the two chambers 11, 12 common connecting channel 21 is opened, the first component A is pressed out of the lower chamber 12 while mixing with the second component B into the upper chamber 11, namely by means of the propellant T 1 filled into the lower chamber.
  • the propellant T2 filled in the upper chamber is used only for discharging the component mixture from the upper chamber 11 through the discharge valve 13.
  • the upper chamber 11 there is preferably a pressure of about 1.8 bar, while in the lower chamber 12 a pressure of about 3.2 bar prevails.
  • Freon is preferably used as the blowing agent T2 in the upper chamber 11. This is also suitable as a foaming agent.
  • 4a and 4b is a modification of the connecting channel 21 in a schematic longitudinal section and enlarged Scale shown, the figures indicated with the letter “a” show the state before opening and the figures indicated with the letter “b” show the state after opening of the connecting channel. 4a and 4b, parts that have already been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 are provided with the same reference numerals. In this regard, reference is made to the description of FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b differs from the above-described embodiment only with regard to the design of the closure cap 14 inserted in the bottom 28 of the upper chamber 11.
  • the closure cap 14 shown there is characterized by an extension 45 projecting into the interior of the upper chamber 11 , the one at an axial distance from the closure membrane 30 has arranged opening 46, which can be closed by a ball 47 in the direction of the lower chamber 12.
  • the ball 47 is held within a cage 48 provided with fluid openings.
  • the closure membrane 14 also serves as a check valve.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show a first embodiment of the locking mechanism mentioned.
  • This embodiment is also shown in FIG. 1.
  • It is a tooth lock, whereby the sleeve-like extension 20 rigidly connected to the upper chamber 11 is provided with an internal toothing 49, to which a plurality of pawls 50, which are distributed uniformly over the circumference, are assigned and which extend along the upper peripheral edge of the lower chamber 12 receiving container 19 are formed.
  • the internal toothing is formed directly below the connection of the sleeve-like extension 20 on the lower peripheral edge 22 of the upper chamber 11.
  • the container 19 When the container 19 is screwed into the sleeve-like extension 20, the container 19 together with the lower chamber 12 is moved upwards or towards the upper chamber 11, the axial flaps 50 serving as pawls engaging in the internal toothing 49 after about one revolution such that the lower chamber 12 receiving container 19 can only be screwed further into the sleeve-like extension 20, ie in the direction of arrow 51 in FIG Turning back and thus moving the two chambers apart is no longer possible. This is prevented by the tooth alignment lock described, as can be seen particularly well in FIG. 6.
  • the serving as pawls axial tabs 50 are an integral part of the container 19 such that they are resilient in the radial direction.
  • the locking mechanism is designed as a tooth lock.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8 also differs in that the lower chamber 12 is connected to the upper chamber 11.
  • the lower chamber 12 like the preceding embodiments, is bottle-shaped, the bottle neck 52 having an external thread 53, which can be screwed into a corresponding internal thread 54, which is formed on a sleeve-like extension 55 surrounding the connecting channel 21 on the underside of the upper chamber 11.
  • the sleeve-like extension 55 is part of a cover sleeve 56 fastened to the bottom 28 of the upper chamber 11 and receiving the lower chamber 12, the outer circumferential surface of which is flush with the outer circumferential surface of the upper chamber 11.
  • an external toothing is provided on the bottle neck 52 in the region of the neck connection 57 formed, which is shown in cross section in Fig. 8.
  • This external toothing act several on the free (in Fig. 7 lower) end face of the sleeve-like extension 55 axial tab 58 together such that when the external teeth 57 and axial tab 58 mesh, the lower chamber 12 only in the sleeve-like extension 55 on the underside of the upper chamber 11 can be screwed. The screw connection can then no longer be loosened. The chambers 11 and 12 can therefore only be moved towards one another after the intermeshing of the external toothing 57 and the axial flap 58, but can no longer be moved apart.
  • the axial lobes 58 are also how the axial flaps 50 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6 are designed to be resilient in the radial direction.
  • the two chambers are moved towards one another by direct attack or direct action on the lower chamber 12.
  • a handle 59 is arranged on the bottom of the lower chamber 12, by means of which the lower chamber 12 rotated relative to the upper chamber 11 and can thus be moved towards the upper chamber 11.
  • the handle 59 is a cross bar 60 that can be rotatably attached to the lower chamber 12.
  • a conventional clamp lock can also be used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Package Specialized In Special Use (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Emballage à aérosol comportant deux chambres séparées (11,12) pour des composants différents (A,B) à mélanger lors de l'utilisation, dans lequel :
    (a) les deux chambres (11,12) sont disposées l'une au-dessus de l'autre et reliées mutuellement par un canal de liaison (21) s'ouvrant lors de l'utilisation, de telle sorte que l'ouverture du canal de liaison (21) peut être produite par un mouvement mécanique des chambres (11,12) l'une vers l'autre, le canal de liaison (21) comprenant un poussoir (25) muni d'un passage de fluide (26) s'étendant axialement, qui, lors du mouvement mécanique des chambres (11,12) l'une vers l'autre pour l'utilisation, peut se déplacer par rapport à une fermeture de fond (14) de la chambre supérieure (11) et par rapport à une fermeture de couvercle (16) de la chambre inférieure (12) en produisant la liaison de fluide entre les chambres supérieure et inférieure,
    (b) à la chambre supérieure (11) est associée une soupape de sortie (13) actionnée indépendamment,
    (c) la chambre inférieure (12) est remplie du premier composant (A) et d'un premier agent propulseur (T₁) et la chambre supérieure (11) du second composant (B) et d'un second agent propulseur (T₂), ce dernier exerçant une pression plus basse à l'intérieur de la chambre supérieure (11) que le premier agent propulseur (T₁) introduit dans la chambre inférieure, grâce à quoi, lors de l'ouverture du canal de liaison (21) commun aux deux chambres (11,12), le premier composant (A) peut être pressé hors de la chambre inférieure (12) en se mélangeant au second composant (B) dans la chambre supérieure (11),
    caractérisé en ce que
    (d) le poussoir (25) est formé d'une seule pièce et la fermeture de fond de la chambre supérieure et la fermeture de couvercle de la chambre inférieure, associées au poussoir (25), sont chacune formées par un capot (14,16) muni d'une membrane de fermeture (30,31;43,44) ou analogue, qui peut être rompue par l'extrémité (27,29) du poussoir lors du mouvement des chambres (11,12) l'une vers l'autre, et que
    (e) un mécanisme d'arrêt est associé aux deux chambres (11,12), qui permet seulement un mouvement des deux chambres (11,12) l'une vers l'autre, mais non un mouvement d'écartement mutuel de celles-ci.
  2. Emballage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre supérieure (11) est soumise à la pression d'un agent propulseur, qui suffit pour la décharge du mélange de composants qui prend naissance, après formation de la liaison fluide entre les chambres inférieure et supérieure, dans cette dernière, à travers la soupape de sortie (13) de la chambre supérieure (11).
  3. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme agents propulseurs dans la chambre supérieure (11) du fréon et, dans la chambre inférieure (12), du butane, du propane ou analogue.
  4. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une pression d'environ 1,5 à 2,0, en particulier environ 1,8 bar, règne dans la chambre supérieure (11), et une pression d'environ 2,8 à 3,6, en particulier environ 3,2 bars, dans la chambre inférieure (12).
  5. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'agent propulseur (T₂) dans la chambre supérieure (11) est en même temps un agent moussant.
  6. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de fond de l'un au moins des capots (14 ou 16) associés au poussoir (25) qui définit le canal de liaison (21), en particulier le capot (16) associé à la chambre inférieure (12), est sous forme d'une membrane frangible présentant une zone de rupture prédéfinie (33,34).
  7. Emballage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le capot (14) associé à la chambre supérieure (11) comprend une soupape anti-retour s'ouvrant seulement dans le sens de l'écoulement vers la chambre supérieure (11), la paroi de fond (30) du capot (14) associé à la chambre supérieure (11) étant en particulier formée elle-même en tant que soupape anti-retour s'ouvrant seulement dans le sens de l'écoulement vers la chambre supérieure, de préférence sous forme d'une soupape à clapet (43) ou à bec (à lèvres)(44).
  8. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la face frontale (36,37) d'au moins l'extrémité (27 et/ou 29), associée à une paroi ou membrane de fond (30,31), du poussoir (25) qui définit le canal de liaison (21) est inclinée par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci, en particulier en formant une sorte de "couteau à membrane" (38).
  9. Emballage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la ou les face(s) frontale(s) du poussoir (25) qui définit le canal de liaison présente(nt) une rainure (39,40) s'étendant transversalement sur la face frontale et croisant le passage de fluide axial (26) du poussoir (25) pour assurer la liaison fluide entre les deux chambres (11,12), même en cas d'ouverture seulement partielle des parois ou membranes de fond (30,31) qui obturent initialement les cavités axiales (17,18) des capots (14,16).
  10. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le poussoir (25) qui définit le canal de liaison (21) une butée agissant aussi bien vis-à-vis de la chambre inférieure (12) que de la chambre supérieure (11), en particulier sous forme d'une bride annulaire (41) disposée à peu près à mi-longueur et s'étendant sur le périmètre du poussoir (25), qui limite le mouvement l'une vers l'autre à la fois de la chambre supérieure (11) et de la chambre inférieure (12).
  11. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'arrêt est réalisé sous la forme d'un dispositif d'encliquetage à serrage ou d'un dispositif d'encliquetage directionnel à dents.
  12. Emballage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'en cas de réalisation du mécanisme d'arrêt sous forme de dispositif d'encliquetage directionnel à dents, une denture, en particulier une denture interne (49), est formée sur la chambre supérieure (11), en particulier sur sa partie inférieure, à laquelle est associé au moins un cliquet (50) disposé sur la chambre inférieure (12), en particulier sur son côté supérieur, ou inversement (denture externe 57 sur le côté supérieur de la chambre inférieure 12 avec cliquet associé 58 du côté inférieur de la chambre supérieure 11).
  13. Emballage selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la chambre inférieure (12) est mobile en direction de la chambre supérieure (11), en particulier par poussée ou par vissage, soit directement, c'est-à-dire par l'action directe de l'utilisateur, soit indirectement, en particulier à l'intérieur d'un récipient (19) en forme de godet et conjointement à celui-ci.
  14. Emballage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la chambre inférieure (12) est disposée ou montée à l'intérieur d'un prolongement en forme de manchon (20,56) disposé du côté inférieur de la chambre supérieure (11), de façon mobile axialement et en rotation par rapport à ce prolongement et par suite à la chambre supérieure (11).
EP87117316A 1986-11-25 1987-11-24 Emballage-aérosol Expired - Lifetime EP0269068B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87117316T ATE96115T1 (de) 1986-11-25 1987-11-24 Aerosol-verpackung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3640199 1986-11-25
DE19863640199 DE3640199A1 (de) 1986-11-25 1986-11-25 Aerosol-verpackung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0269068A2 EP0269068A2 (fr) 1988-06-01
EP0269068A3 EP0269068A3 (en) 1989-09-20
EP0269068B1 true EP0269068B1 (fr) 1993-10-20

Family

ID=6314697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87117316A Expired - Lifetime EP0269068B1 (fr) 1986-11-25 1987-11-24 Emballage-aérosol

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0269068B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63152578A (fr)
AT (1) ATE96115T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU8138587A (fr)
DE (2) DE3640199A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA878796B (fr)

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US7967220B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2011-06-28 Bissell Homecare, Inc. Manual sprayer with dual bag-on-valve assembly
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ATE474549T1 (de) * 2004-09-21 2010-08-15 Kpss Kao Gmbh Haardauerwellmittel in einer sprühdose mit zwei getrennten kammern
DE602004029891D1 (de) * 2004-09-21 2010-12-16 Kpss Kao Gmbh Haarfärbezusammensetzung in einer Sprühdose mit zwei getrennten Kammern
US10799842B2 (en) * 2015-04-28 2020-10-13 Paragon Nordic Ab Two-component paint system

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Publication number Publication date
EP0269068A2 (fr) 1988-06-01
JPS63152578A (ja) 1988-06-25
DE3787872D1 (de) 1993-11-25
AU8138587A (en) 1988-05-26
EP0269068A3 (en) 1989-09-20
ZA878796B (en) 1988-07-27
DE3640199A1 (de) 1988-06-01
ATE96115T1 (de) 1993-11-15

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