EP0265262A1 - Fundamentschalungen von Gebäuden - Google Patents

Fundamentschalungen von Gebäuden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0265262A1
EP0265262A1 EP87309345A EP87309345A EP0265262A1 EP 0265262 A1 EP0265262 A1 EP 0265262A1 EP 87309345 A EP87309345 A EP 87309345A EP 87309345 A EP87309345 A EP 87309345A EP 0265262 A1 EP0265262 A1 EP 0265262A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boxes
spacer
box
form work
sides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87309345A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0265262B1 (de
Inventor
Nicola Leonardis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87309345T priority Critical patent/ATE68222T1/de
Publication of EP0265262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0265262A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0265262B1 publication Critical patent/EP0265262B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
    • E04C5/168—Spacers connecting parts for reinforcements and spacing the reinforcements from the form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/001—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper stackable
    • B65D5/005—Separate or attached stacking elements
    • B65D5/006—Separate corner posts and like elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/01—Flat foundations
    • E02D27/02—Flat foundations without substantial excavation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/21—Cross-ribbed floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to building foundation form work including a spacer useful in form work, and a method of constructing and using form work for building foundations.
  • trenches are cut into the ground and the concrete is poured into these trenches.
  • the level of the concrete is sometimes above the level of the ground by constraining the flow of concrete above the level of the ground by employing ground form work.
  • the present invention seeks to reduce the cost of providing a foundation for a building, which foundation will be sufficiently strong to resist substantially expansive soils.
  • the present invention resides in a building foundation form work arrangement in which a plurality of boxes are located on a supporting level surface, and are kept apart to leave channels between each side of each of the boxes by spacers within the channels between the boxes, at least one spacer engaging against both sides adjoining a corner of a first box, and at the same time against both sides adjoining a corner of a second box adjacent the first box.
  • cardboard boxes of the type being discussed can be sufficiently held against lateral pressures if there are means which engage against resplective sides in the vicinity of the corner of the box. This is achieved by providing a spacer which engages against both sides of a corner of a first box, and at the same time against both sides of a corner of a second box, adjacent the first, wherein the two boxes defined therebetween a channel, and accordingly provide substantive resistance to such distortional pressures as previously discussed.
  • the spacer engages agains both sides adjoining a corner of each of four adjacent boxes with the corners at a common location.
  • a method of preparing a form work arrangement for the pouring of a foundation for a building comprises the steps of locating within a boxed area and over a substantially level area of supporting surface, a plurality of boxes each of which are kept apart from one another, to leave channels between the respective sides of the boxes, locating within the respective channel shapes a spacer such that the spacer engages against both sides adjoining a corner of a first box, and at the same time against both sides adjoining a corner of a second box adjacent the first box, effecting support within the channels, on the spacer, of a reinforcement rod, and then pouring concrete into the channels and over the boxes to form a building foundation.
  • a concrete block is located midway between respective corners of the same box and this is supported on the ground within the channel, and furthermore this block has a width which defines the channel width and is used then as a block to support reinforcing rods, then it is found that this may result in a localised weakening of the concrete where the foundation concrete meets the concrete block material. If this does fracture, while not structurally necessarily dangerous, there may result an access of water which, through capillary action, can reach the steel reinforcing rod or rods.
  • each spacer while having a substantially large outermost engaging surface to bear against the side of a box, nonetheless has frame members which have a lowermost edge which is substantially above the lowermost edge of such outermost engaging surface and, as such, is above any supporting ground level surface.
  • securing means provided for locating respective corners of the boxes for the box location purposes previously described, wherein one of the boxes is located above the second box, and so defining together, coplanar sides effecting a channel between such sides and other such boxes.
  • Such securing means preferably engage against both sides adjoining a corner of a first box and at the same time against both sides adjoining a corner of a second box where the first box is located above but resting on the second box.
  • Fig.1 there is shown a plurality of boxes which are supported on level ground and which are surrounded by perimeter form work 2, 3, the boxes 1 and the perimeter form work 2 all being held in spaced apart relationship so as to leave a plurality of channels 4 between the respective sides 5 of the boxes 1 and the perimeter form work 2 and 3.
  • Each of the boxes 1 in particaular as shown in Fig.2 are comprised of cardboard having an external surface coated with an appropriate water repellant material such as a wax, but which otherwise comprise cardboard conventionally reinforced with a corrugated layer within each planar surface, the box 1 including a top 6, a bottom 7 and sides 8, 9, 10 and 11, the sides each defining a flat side and each being arranged to provide in plan, a square shape together with the flat top 6 and the flat bottom 7.
  • Side 10 has been opened out to show a top flap 12, a bottom flap 13 and side flaps 14 and 15. These are folded over so as to lie one against the other and to provide mutual reinforcing therefor for the side of the box thus formed.
  • side 11 comprises two flaps one folded over the other, shown particularly at 16 and 17, and likewise side 8 has two flaps 18 and 19.
  • the box 1 is reinforced by typical egg-crate type reinforcement which comprises a plurality of transverse members 20 which interlock with crossing members 21 each of the members 20 and 21 being comprised of corrugated strengthened cardboard and each defining a vertical plane extending to immediately below the top 6 and above the bottom 7 so as to provide vertical support for the top 6.
  • typical egg-crate type reinforcement which comprises a plurality of transverse members 20 which interlock with crossing members 21 each of the members 20 and 21 being comprised of corrugated strengthened cardboard and each defining a vertical plane extending to immediately below the top 6 and above the bottom 7 so as to provide vertical support for the top 6.
  • the ends butt against the respective sides and also provide at least some reinforcing strengthening of these sides.
  • Such reinforcement and strengthening is provided to such an extent that a foundation laying worker can walk on top of the box, and also it is such that the boxes can resist lateral deformation under the relevant stresses involved.
  • Each of the boxes 1 are located so as to leave channels 4 between the respective sides, and in accordance with this embodiment there is provided a spacer 22 which in plan view is of cruciform shape but which provides at four symmetrically located positions a concave shape shown typically at 23 which has outermost engaging faces 24 and 25 which wil l engage against both sides adjoining a corner of a box 1. It is requisite that there be a relatively significant bearing surface which can engage against an effective area of the side of a cardboard box, and furthermore that this will engage both against an edge at the corner of a box and across the bottom of the box where there is also the bottom 7 which also provides additional reinforcement for the box.
  • engaging surfaces 24 and 25 are of substantial cross-sectional area (each being preferably 55 mms wide and 55 mms high) and are adapted with respect to the remaining parts of the spacer 22 to sit with lowermost edges 26 on the same level surface that is supporting the box 1.
  • the respective frame elements 30 are each raised significantly above the ground level and indeed have an upper surface which lies flush with the upper surface 32 or the engaging surface typically at 24.
  • These may be crossing rods and the height of the upwardly open U-shape slots both at 33 and in a centre raised portion at 34, are of sufficient height so as to support first rods in one direction, and then second rods in a crossing direction lying above the first rod.
  • Fig.10 Such an arrangement is best illustrated in Fig.10, in which the rods are shown at 35 and 36, although the spacer in this case does not have such high sides for its open U-shape slot.
  • the rods fit closely in the width of the slot and therefore secure the spacers collectively tightly together. This securing effect is assisted where the rods cross over and the spacers then become tightly locked together.
  • the diagonal frame members 31 provide for cross bracing, and also because of their general thickness, provide substantial support for such reinforcing rods.
  • the members 31 are raised so as to be significantly above any ground supporting level so as to allow firstly for concrete to pass fully beneath such frame members, and also to ensure an effectively continuous thickness which will effectively resist localised fracturing under stress conditions and therefore resist capillary water egress to the metallic reinforcing rods.
  • the spacer 37 as illustrated in Fig.4, and also illustrated in Fig.1, is similar to the spacer 22 except that it has one side at 38 adapted to engage against perimeter form work only, thereby leaving only two right-angularly concave portions at 39 and 40, to engage against both sides adjoining a corner of the respective boxes 1.
  • the bottommost edges typically at 41 and 42, are adapted to sit on the same level surface that the boxes 1 are adapted to sit on, and the frame elements 43 and 44 are all located well above such ground support to allow for concrete to flow fully beneath these and of such thickness to provide adequate support for openly upward U-shape slots 45 to the side and 46 at the centre.
  • Fig.5 illustrates a spacer 47 which has the same fundamental elements of the previous spacer, but in this case has only one right-angularly concave part 48, the remaining outer engaging surfaces at 49 and 50 are adapted to engage against the inner sides of form work such as at 2 and 3 in Fig.1, and to also rest on the lowermost ground level surface so that frame members 50 and 51 are supported well above the ground surface.
  • a spacer 52 which does not engage any corners of the boxes but includes two sides 53 and 54 each of the sides being of substantial area so as to provide substantial bearing surface against the sides of a respective box 1 but in each case, frame members 55, 56 and 5 7 are all located so as to be well above lowermost support level 58 and 59 so that concrete can pass fully, and be continuous below the respective frame members 55, 56 and 57 which in turn provides for reinforcing at such positions at 60, 61 and 62.
  • the slots 63 and 64 are generally superfluous except for reducing the total quantity of plastic necessary in respect of each of these spacers which are in each case manufactured by injection moulding from an appropriate plastics material such as polypropylene.
  • a spacer 70 which acts to maintain the relative spaced relationshp of boxes 1 when located one above the other. This is achieved by having engaging faces 71 and 72 engaging against both sides typically at 73 and 74 of a box 1, and there being a spike 75 and a spike 76 located so as to pierce through the respective top and bottoms at the corner position of the respective boxes 1. These, thereby, positively locate and capture the respective boxes and hold them in a relative position one with respect to the other.
  • the method of using the elements described is to prepare ground as level, surround this with perimeter form work 2, 3 and then locate sequentially, a variety of spacers as appropriate and then boxes 1 so that these extend fully across the defined area. Boxes of different overall shape and area may be used if the defined area is not appropriately covered by the shapes described.
  • spacers have been described as being formed of plastic, these may be made from other compatible materials, such as steel sheet, which may be cut and folded into an appropriate shape.
EP87309345A 1986-10-23 1987-10-22 Fundamentschalungen von Gebäuden Expired EP0265262B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87309345T ATE68222T1 (de) 1986-10-23 1987-10-22 Fundamentschalungen von gebaeuden.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU8650/86 1986-10-23
AUPH865086 1986-10-23
AU9915/87 1987-01-16
AUPH991587 1987-01-16
AU1931/87 1987-05-15
AUPI193187 1987-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0265262A1 true EP0265262A1 (de) 1988-04-27
EP0265262B1 EP0265262B1 (de) 1991-10-09

Family

ID=27157330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87309345A Expired EP0265262B1 (de) 1986-10-23 1987-10-22 Fundamentschalungen von Gebäuden

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0265262B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE68222T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1294144C (de)
DE (1) DE3773609D1 (de)
GR (1) GR3003552T3 (de)
NZ (1) NZ222206A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2274666A (en) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-03 Roxbury Ltd Foundation for, eg a conservatory
GB2389842A (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-24 Andrew Hawke Device for aligning and securing stacked boxes or containers
AU778630B2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2004-12-16 Rmax A formwork component
WO2008071249A1 (en) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-19 Pontarolo Engineering S.P.A. Unit for the construction of slab foundations
EP2110497A1 (de) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Anschlagkörper für Betonschalungen
WO2014196878A1 (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 Fabio Parodi Method and apparatus for forming a formwork for a concrete slab
WO2022038458A1 (en) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-24 Aliabadi Farahani Mansoor Concrete roof with orthogonal heeled joist, including permanent filler components and implementation process

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR371049A (fr) * 1905-11-04 1907-02-25 Artur Buella Plafond à caissons, en béton
US3238278A (en) * 1962-01-15 1966-03-01 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method of forming a structural unit
US3624978A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-12-07 Mono Inc Monolithic structural member for foundation or ceiling system
FR2153288A1 (de) * 1971-09-20 1973-05-04 Co Data Corp
GB1407699A (en) * 1972-06-27 1975-09-24 P E Products Netherton Ltd Location members for blocks of building structures
GB2012242A (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-07-25 Leonard L Boxes

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR371049A (fr) * 1905-11-04 1907-02-25 Artur Buella Plafond à caissons, en béton
US3238278A (en) * 1962-01-15 1966-03-01 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method of forming a structural unit
US3624978A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-12-07 Mono Inc Monolithic structural member for foundation or ceiling system
FR2153288A1 (de) * 1971-09-20 1973-05-04 Co Data Corp
GB1407699A (en) * 1972-06-27 1975-09-24 P E Products Netherton Ltd Location members for blocks of building structures
GB2012242A (en) * 1978-01-06 1979-07-25 Leonard L Boxes

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2274666A (en) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-03 Roxbury Ltd Foundation for, eg a conservatory
GB2274666B (en) * 1993-01-30 1997-04-16 Roxbury Ltd Improvements in or relating to the erection of building structures
AU778630B2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2004-12-16 Rmax A formwork component
GB2389842A (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-24 Andrew Hawke Device for aligning and securing stacked boxes or containers
WO2008071249A1 (en) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-19 Pontarolo Engineering S.P.A. Unit for the construction of slab foundations
EP2110497A1 (de) * 2008-04-14 2009-10-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Anschlagkörper für Betonschalungen
WO2014196878A1 (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 Fabio Parodi Method and apparatus for forming a formwork for a concrete slab
WO2022038458A1 (en) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-24 Aliabadi Farahani Mansoor Concrete roof with orthogonal heeled joist, including permanent filler components and implementation process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1294144C (en) 1992-01-14
NZ222206A (en) 1990-09-26
ATE68222T1 (de) 1991-10-15
DE3773609D1 (de) 1991-11-14
EP0265262B1 (de) 1991-10-09
GR3003552T3 (de) 1993-03-16

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