EP0264411A1

EP0264411A1 - Hay-making machine

Info

Publication number: EP0264411A1
Application number: EP87902509A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Josef Lesslhumer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-05-05
Filing date: 1987-04-28
Publication date: 1988-04-27
Also published as: DE3615172A1; DE3642601A1; WO1987006793A1

Abstract

Les machines de fenaison classiques équipées d'un tambour récepteur du foin occasionnent des pertes considérables par fragmentation du produit à transporter. Bien que des chargeurs de foin pneumatiques soient connus dans l'agriculture, leurs pertes par fragmentation du foin sont également élevées, puisque l'écoulement d'air utilisé pour le transport se déplace rapidement et est riche en turbulences. Afin de réduire les pertes par fragmentation, un convoyeur pneumatique est agencé en aval du tambour récepteur, lequel convoyeur se présente sous la forme d'un convoyeur à lit fluidisé qui comporte un plancher de transport (6) pourvu de fentes (5) de sortie d'air orientées en diagonale et selon un angle faible (alpha) par rapport au plan du plancher de transport et pointant dans le sens de transport (A), lesdites fentes servant à décharger de l'air destiné à la production du lit fluidisé. La nouvelle machine de fenaison permet une fenaison rapide sans endommager le foin.Conventional haymaking machines equipped with a hay receiving drum cause considerable losses by fragmentation of the product to be transported. Although pneumatic hay loaders are known in agriculture, their hay fragmentation losses are also high, since the air flow used for transportation moves quickly and is rich in turbulence. In order to reduce the losses by fragmentation, a pneumatic conveyor is arranged downstream of the receiving drum, which conveyor is in the form of a fluidized bed conveyor which comprises a transport floor (6) provided with outlet slots (5) of air oriented diagonally and at a slight angle (alpha) relative to the plane of the transport floor and pointing in the direction of transport (A), said slots serving to discharge air intended for the production of the fluidized bed. The new haymaking machine allows fast haymaking without damaging the hay.

Description

Be sj: _h_re-i _> b_u _> ng

The invention relates to a hay advertising machine with at least one Aufnähmet drum for the hay.

Haymaking machines are used for collecting and contracting plants that are widely spread on the ground, such as withered or dried grasses, clover, etc., and for loosely storing them in a shaped swath or in a wide area.

The known devices for carrying out this work have circumferential tines which partially engage the ground on their Ural career, thereby grasping the hay, moving it to the side and bringing it to rest on a baffle by reversing the tines.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that when the hay is moved, the hay must be moved over longer distances on the rough stubble surface. This leads to high crumbling losses of the goods.

In addition, from DE-AS 11 45 847 a loading device for green fodder is known, which has a loading channel, at the front end of which a pickup drum is arranged. The lower part of the charging channel is double-walled and connected to a blower. The inner wall of the charging duct is provided with air slots through which the blower air can flow into the charging duct. The goods conveyed into the loading channel by the pick-up drums are entrained by the air stream and extracted from the top of the loading channel. f en

Furthermore, a conveyor trough is known from DE-PS 88 402, which is provided with air gaps on its bottom for lifting the material to be conveyed in the conveyor trough. To support the conveyance by means of mechanical conveying devices provided for this purpose, the slots can be designed inclined in the conveying direction.

A loading device is also known from GB-PS 645 421, in which the pneumatic conveyor is designed in the form of a conveying trough running behind the receiving drum in the direction of travel parallel to this conveying channel and an air line connected to the blower. The air line opens into the conveyor trough from one side. The conveying air emerging from the air line is intended to entrain the material picked up from the bottom by the pick-up drum and thrown into the conveying trough and to blow it onto the floor from above on the other side of the conveying trough directly or via an increasing conveying trough extension .

In order to maintain the conveying of the goods in the conveying trough up to the end of their discharge, a high flow speed of the conveying air is necessary. The material is mechanically stressed, particularly by the turbulence that occurs, so that correspondingly high crumbling losses occur. Since the conveyor trough is open at the top and thus the air flow is not guided on all sides, the conveying air partially exits the conveyor trough at the top and entrains part of the thrown-in goods, so that the goods transfer and the goods conveying are not sufficiently efficient due to the resulting loss of goods are. Another disadvantage of the known pneumatic conveyor is that due to the above-mentioned

If the conveying trough is formed and the conveying air escapes as a result, the required conveying effect can only be achieved over relatively short conveying distances, i.e. can only be maintained in the case of narrower outer drums.

It is an object of the invention to provide a haymaking machine of the type mentioned at the outset with improved transfer and conveyance of goods even over longer distances and sc onende re handling of the goods to reduce, in particular, crumbling losses.

This is achieved according to the invention by means of a downstream pneumatic conveyor which is connected to a blower and is designed as a fluidized bed conveyor and which slits out a conveyor floor with air outlet pointing obliquely at a flat angle to the conveyor floor plane in the direction of conveyance of air to produce the fluidized bed.

The fluid bed flow of the hay advertising according to the invention. machine is turbulence-free, steady and maintainable over any length. The transfer of goods from the take-up drum to the conveyor and the conveyance of goods are significantly improved over the prior art and crumbling losses are largely avoided. The hay is mechanically touched only in the area of the receiving drum, which picks up the material from the floor and throws it onto the conveyor floor of the fluid bed conveyor. Due to the flat exit angle of the air flow from the conveyor floor of the fluidized bed conveyor, the goods are carried on a flat air cushion, which moves in the conveying direction due to the air outlet slots pointing in the conveying direction and thereby the collected goods in approximately one place takes a lying level. The fluid bed conveyor has a double function. On the one hand, the good is carried without contact and transported without contact. The flat exit angle of the air flow causes the fluidized bed to move at high speed over any length in the conveying direction, whereby the distance of the goods from the conveying floor can be kept to a minimum. As a result of this and because of the gentle and steady air flow, a whirling up of the material to be conveyed and thus losses in the transfer of goods and the conveyance of the goods are avoided and the haymaking machine is largely unintended.

Advantageously, the conveyor floor forms the top of a substantially closed box which is connected to the blower.

It is particularly favorable if the ratio of the volume of the box to the total outlet area of the air outlet slots is chosen to be so large that the box represents a compressed air reservoir. As a result, a static excess pressure forms in the box, which ensures that a uniform flow free of pressure surges always escapes from the air outlet slots. The fan must have a sufficient delivery rate to achieve this goal.

In this case, the total outlet area of the air outlet slots is advantageously smaller than the blow-out cross section of the fan. The blow-out cross-section of the fan can also be smaller than its intake cross-section. A gradation has been found to be particularly favorable in which the total outlet area of the air outlet slots is smaller by approximately 60-100 cm in each case compared to the blow-out cross-section of the blower and in comparison to the blower-intake cross-section. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the air outlet angle of the air outlet slots, measured to the level of the conveyor floor, is approximately 5 ° to 12 °. An air outlet angle of the air outlet slots of 7 ° has been shown to be particularly suitable for the formation of the fluidized bed.

To make the fluidized bed uniform, it is expedient if the distance of the air outlet slots transversely to the conveying direction of the fluidized bed corresponds approximately to the width of an air outlet slot. Equally advantageous is a distance of the air outlet slots in the conveying direction, which is approximately one to e and a half times the width of an air outlet slot.

The ratio of the height to the width of an air outlet slot can preferably be approximately 1: 5 to approximately 1:25. The ratio of the height to the width of an air outlet slit is particularly favorable: 10. Such a flat and wide air outlet slit advantageously promotes the formation of a flat air flow bed.

According to a preferred embodiment, the height is advantageously approximately 3.5 mm and the width is approximately 40 mm.

For the uniform formation of the fluidized bed, it is also favorable if the air outlet slots are arranged offset to one another.

It is particularly advantageous if the upper edge of the air outlet slots is essentially flush with the surface of the conveyor floor. In this way, a smooth surface of the conveyor floor can be achieved, from which no parts protrude into the fluidized bed. It can a particularly even flow without swirling is therefore formed.

The uniformity of the air outlet from the conveyor floor can also be supported in that the lower edge of the air outlet slots is formed by depressing the region of the conveyor floor adjacent to the upper edge. Even if a material other than sheet metal is used for the conveyor floor, the shape of the indented indentation for forming the lower edge can be retained.

The pick-up drum is favorably equipped with prongs. With such a Aufnähmet drum, the hay, as known per se, can be easily picked up from the ground.

A particularly simple design of the receiving drum results when the tines are uncontrolled. It is advantageous if the edge region of the fluidized bed conveyor facing the receiving drum is designed with open-edge karam slots for the passage of the tines when the receiving drum rotates. Although it is conceivable to seal the comb slots by brush seals to the tines of the take-up drum, sealing the comb slots by partition walls to the box of the fluidized bed cross conveyor is preferred.

However, the tines can be path-controlled, whereby when the comb slots are used an overlap of the effective range of the receiving drum with that of the fluidized bed is achieved, in particular if air outlet slots are also provided in the projections of the conveyor floor between the comb slots are arranged. When using path-controlled tines, however, the edge of the pickup drum facing the

Fluid bed conveyor can also be designed to run essentially in a straight line. This results in a particularly simple construction of the fluidized bed conveyor.

According to a further development of the invention, the tines can be path-controlled in such a way that they extend radially from the ground in the area of the uptake and are essentially retracted in the area directly on the fluid bed conveyor. Thereby, it is possible to Auf¬ acquisition drum with geπ ^'ngstmögl i ehern distance to the ground Fδrder- abut without the tines on these auftref¬ fen. This promotes the transfer of crop from the pick-up drum to the fluid bed.

Another preferred way of controlling the path of the tines is that they extend essentially radially in the area of the crop pick-up from the ground and in the area directly on the fluid bed conveyor are oriented essentially tangentially to the circular transport path of the crop on the pick-up drum. This enables a particularly favorable transfer of goods, in particular if, according to a further preferred embodiment, the tines in the area of the delivery of goods to the fluidized bed conveyor are oriented essentially normal to the level of the conveyor floor, at least in the edge region facing the receiving drum are and thereby the goods in the entire Gutabgabeberei ch on the Fli eßbet-M-ue rfordere r move.

The conveyor floor can be adjacent to the drum substantially in the apex region of the circular material transport path of the receiving drum. However, training is also provided in which the conveyor floor is below the area of the circular material transport path of the receiving drum adjoins the same.

For the transfer of the goods from the take-up drum to the fluidized bed conveyor, it is advantageous if the latter is designed as a longitudinal conveyor which adjoins the take-up drum directly and essentially conveys the direction of travel for the flat storage of the goods , which can be followed by a cross conveyor that transports substantially transversely to the direction of travel for lateral swath placement.

It is advantageous if the longitudinal conveyor is designed to rise in the opposite direction to the direction of travel. In this way, the diameter of the Aufnähmet drum can be kept small, since the fluidized bed takes over the promotion of the goods at a short distance from the floor. The mechanical handling of the goods by the take-up drum is thereby further reduced.

To simplify the construction of the haymaking machine, it is advantageous to design the fluidized bed conveyor as a single cross conveyor directly connected to the receiving drum. The omission of the longitudinal conveyor results in a considerable amount

Design simplification. In this case, however, the air flow emerging from the conveying base can act like a curtain with respect to the material discharged from the pick-up drum and thus make it difficult for the material to enter the fluid bed flow. In order to avoid this, it is advantageous to arrange the cross conveyor with its conveyor floor at such a distance below the apex region of the circular good transport path of the pick-up drum that the entry of the goods discharged from the pick-up drum into the air flow of the cross conveyor in an area of- the same takes place at a comparatively low flow rate. The material is consequently thrown onto the fluidized bed without any difficulties above the air flow area with a curtain effect. The conveyor floor preferably adjoins the same in the region of the level of the axis of rotation of the receiving drum.

To support the transfer of the goods from the take-up drum to the conveyor belt conveyor, a blowing device can be arranged in the area between the take-up drum and the conveyor belt conveyor in such a way that ^" it exits air flow from below against the transfer path of the is directed from the pick-up drum onto the fluid bed conveyor, which promotes the remaining material in the transfer path assigned to it. This prevents the transferred material from falling into the fluidized bed area with a curtain effect.

It is advantageous if the air flow emerging from the blowing device runs essentially along or parallel to a tangent to the tangent in the area between the fluidized bed conveyor and the receiving roller on the circular material transport path. As a result, in the case of web-controlled tines which are aligned tangentially to the circular material transport path of the take-up drum in the region between the fluidized bed conveyor and the receiving drum, material adhering to these tines is also blown off from the same tines.

The air stream exiting the blowing device preferably has a flow component in the direction of the fluidized bed conveyor. As a result, both in a longitudinal conveyor arranged directly behind the receiving drum and in an equally arranged transverse conveyor transfer of the goods from the take-up drum onto the fluidized bed conveyor is made even easier.

The blowing device is advantageously designed as at least one air outlet opening in the fluidized bed conveyor, and here in particular in the conveyor floor. The air outlet openings can be approximately 5-10 mm wide and approximately 70-110 mm long.

In order to convey the material transfer from the receiving drum to the fluidized bed conveyor, according to a further embodiment of the invention, instead of or in addition to the blowing device, an accelerating device with an exiting air stream for accelerating the material when it passes from the receiving drum »Fluid bed conveyors can be provided. The acceleration device is preferably arranged above the take-up drum and has at least one air outlet opening, the air stream emerging from the same being directed essentially obliquely downward in the direction of the fluidized bed conveyor along the circular material transport path of the take-up drum.

Advantageously, the air outlet slots in wenig¬ least one of the edge areas of the Fδrderbodens in the conveying ^'inclined rect. When these inclined air outlet slots are formed in the longitudinal conveyor in its edge regions on both sides, there is a bundling of the fluidized bed flow, so that lateral movement of the conveyed material is prevented. If, on the other hand, these inclined air outlet slots are formed in the cross conveyor in the edge region facing the pick-up drum, the transfer of material is supported by the pick-up drum or by the longitudinal conveyor onto the cross conveyor.

A similar effect, namely the support of the material from the receiving drum on the longitudinal conveyor or the cross conveyor can be achieved in that the air flow emerging from the acceleration device and / or from the base device is viewed in plan view Conveying direction of the fluidized bed conveyor is arranged obliquely.

In order to feed the goods to the fluid bed cross conveyor as uniformly as possible, it is advantageous if the tines are arranged in at least two row sections running in the longitudinal direction of the receiving drum and the tine row sections adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the drum are arranged in Circumferential direction of the receiving drum are offset. Preferably, the tongue rows are offset by about 1/2 division. The tine row sections are favorably of approximately the same length, although different lengths can also be provided.

The cross conveyor is preferably arranged essentially horizontally.

In order to achieve a uniform distribution in the box of the fluidized bed conveyor, it is favorable that in this box the blower air is pushed downward in the direction of the receiving drum to the front air outlet 11 the deflecting baffle is attached to the moving bed conveyor. In this way it is ensured that, in particular in the critical starting area of the fluidized bed conveyor, sufficient air pressure is available to supply the air discharge devices.

According to a development of the invention, the conveyor floor of the fluidized bed cross conveyor can be inserted into the box as a rotates and then can be pushed back into the box, whereby the conveying direction of the fluidized bed conveyor is reversed in the opposite direction.

The invention is described in more detail below on the basis of a few exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of the haymaking machine according to the invention

2 shows an enlarged top view of a broken-out part of the conveyor floor of the haymaking machine according to FIG. 1,

3 shows an enlarged sectional view through the conveyor floor along the line III-III in FIG. 2,

4 shows a schematic top view of a further embodiment of the haymaking machine according to the invention according to FIG. V,

5 is a view similar to that in FIG. 4 of a haymaking machine according to a second exemplary embodiment,

6 shows an enlarged top view of a part of the front region of the conveyor floor according to FIG. 2 that has been broken away,

7 in a schematic view against the direction of travel a further embodiment of the haymaking machine according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 5,

8 is a schematic plan view of a haymaking machine according to the invention according to a third embodiment.

example,

9 is an enlarged plan view of a broken-out part of the conveyor floor of the haymaking machine according to FIG. 8,

10 is a schematic and enlarged side view of the haymaking machine according to FIG. 8 in a sectional view,

11 is a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of the haymaking machine according to the invention shown in FIG. 8,

Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in Fig. 11, and

13 is an enlarged plan view of a broken-out part of the receiving drum shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 in a sectional view.

1 shows a top view of a first exemplary embodiment of a haymaking machine 1 according to the invention. The haymaking machine has two receiving drums 2 on its front, viewed in the direction of travel, the shafts of which are arranged horizontally and transversely to the direction of travel F. The recording drums 2 are supported on the side edge of the haymaking machine 1 via supporting edges 3 and in the middle of the haymaking machine via support plates 4 on the floor. Downstream of the receiving drums 2 against the direction of travel F is a fluidized bed conveyor with a conveyor floor 6 having an air outlet slot 5 (cf. FIG. 2).

As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, the conveyor floor 6 is the top of an essentially closed box at least 7 trained. The conveyor floor 6 is essentially flat and freely accessible from the outside.

As the sectional view through the conveyor floor 6 in FIG. 3 shows, the air discharge slots 5 are aligned at a flat angle to the conveyor floor for generating an air flow bed. The air discharge slots point in the conveying direction A ⁽ cf. FIG. 2) and are arranged in rows parallel to one another.

The ratio between the volume of the box 7 and the total outlet area of the air outlet slots 5 is chosen so large that the box 7 is rather designed as a pressure lu tspei.

The air outlet angle (<- <) of the air outlet slots 5 is about 7 ° measured to the level of the conveyor floor 6. In the area which is directly facing the receiving drums 2, the first rows can have an air outlet angle which is larger.

The ratio between the height H and the width B of an air outlet slot 5 is 1:15. The measuring rods in FIGS. 3 and 6 do not match, so that the ratio mentioned cannot be seen from the drawing.

In the first embodiment, the height H of an air outlet slot 5 is approximately 2 mm, while its width is approximately 30 mm. Depending on the length of the fluidized bed and the size of the air outlet slots, 250-400 air outlet slots are provided on the entire conveyor floor, so that the total outlet area of the air outlet slots 5 is approximately 300 to 450 cm. The blower 8 for generating the required static excess pressure in the box 7 can accordingly be kept relatively small.

the. The blower 8 is viewed on the back of the box 7.

The distance between the air outlet slots 5 in Förde rri direction A is about 40 to 50 mm. The lateral distance is approximately a slot width B, i.e. 30 mm.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the air outlet slots 5 are aligned with their upper edges 9 essentially with the plane of the conveyor base 6.

The lower edges 10 of the air discharge slots 5 are formed by del lenformi pressing the area of the conveyor base 6 adjacent to the upper edge 9. In the exemplary embodiment described here, the box 7 is made of sheet metal, the conveyor base 6 being made of a rust-free sheet metal, such as e.g. Aluminum sheet or a stainless steel sheet is made.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the bulge-shaped indentation for producing the air outlet slots 5 causes the lower edge 10 to rise at a flat angle to the level of the conveyor floor and to take over the guidance of the air flow. At the same time, the dent-shaped indentation, as can be seen in FIG. 2, bundles the air flow of an air outlet slot, so that a certain nozzle effect occurs.

As can be seen particularly well from FIGS. 1 and 2, the conveyor belt conveyor 11, 12 with the conveyor floor 6 is in a longitudinal conveyor 11 directly adjacent to the take-up drums 2 and conveying counter to the direction of travel F, and a directly adjoining one, transverse conveyor 12 promoting transverse to the direction of travel F Ie that in the longitudinal conveyor the air outlet slots are directed against the direction of travel, while they point across the direction of travel F in the cross conveyor 12.

4 and 5 show that the longitudinal conveyor 11 is designed to rise against the direction of travel F and that the queue conveyor F is designed to rise and that the transverse conveyor 12 is arranged essentially horizontally.

4 and 5 also show that the take-up drums 2 are equipped with prongs 13.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the tines 13, as shown in FIG. 4, are path-controlled via a cam disk which is known per se and is therefore not discussed here in such a way that it extends radially in a lower goods receiving position U and 0 in an upper goods delivery position radially retracted directly on the longitudinal conveyor 11 of the fluidized bed conveyor. The drive for the receiving drum 2 can, as shown in FIG. 4, be arranged within the box 7.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the invention. The downwardly inclined front region 14 of the longitudinal conveyor 11 is slit like a comb, so that the tines 13 of the receiving drums 2, as can be seen from FIG. 5, are in an upper one Intervene in the dispensing position in the comb slots and penetrate the front area 14 of the longitudinal conveyor.

As FIG. 6 shows, air outlet slots 5 are already provided in the front area 14 between the comb slots 15.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the receiving drums 2 can be designed as uncontrolled tine drums his. The drive for the take-up drums 2 can, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 4, be arranged inside the box 7. However, it is also possible for hydraulic motors, for example, to drive the drums to the side of the receiving drums.

The inclination of the longitudinal conveyor 11 and the angle of attack of the tines 13 of the take-up drums 2 are preferably selected in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 such that the tines 13 in the dispensing position 0 are aligned approximately vertically to the top, that is to say the conveyor floor 6 of the longitudinal conveyor 11 are. As can not be seen from the drawing, the ceramic slots 15 are sealed off by partitions to the box 7 of the conveyor floor 6 forming the fluidized bed. This is to prevent pressure loss through the karam slots 15.

In all of the embodiments shown in the drawing, the air blower 8 is attached to the direction of travel -F with respect to the rear wall of the transverse conveyor 12, its air outlet opening pointing in the direction of travel F. This arrangement is quite advantageous for reasons of space, but not imperative, since the volume of the box 7 is so large that a static overpressure is formed in the box 7, which ensures a uniform air flow from all air outlet slots 5. For this reason, the blower 8 can be attached at any suitable point.

As shown in the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, in the box 7 of the conveyor base 6 there is a guide plate 16 which deflects the blower air flow downwards towards the air outlet slots 5 in the front region 14 of the longitudinal conveyor. This guide plate 16 can also be provided in the other exemplary embodiments his.

In the haymaking machine according to FIG. 5, the box 7 of the fluidized bed conveyor is formed from two partial boxes 17 and 18, the sides of which face one another are designed to be open and are mutually sealed. The sub-box 17 represents the longitudinal conveyor 11 and the sub-box 18 represents the cross conveyor 12.

The upper sides, that is to say the conveying floors 6 of the adjacent boxes 17 and 18, are connected by means of a pivot hinge 19, the undersides and side parts of the boxes 17 and 18 overlapping one another and provided with movement seals 20. In this way, the longitudinal conveyor 11 can adapt to the ground conditions together with the receiving drums 2 without the transverse conveyor 12 being influenced thereby. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, such a pivot hinge 19 can be dispensed with, since the receiving drums 2 can be guided on the floor so as to be movable relative to the longitudinal conveyor.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, a swath plate 21 arranged transversely to the conveying direction A is arranged at a distance laterally from the conveying end of the cross conveyor 12. In FIG. 7 it is shown that the swath plate 21 can be swiveled into a non-use position on the upper side of the cross conveyor 12.

In the embodiments shown, above the fluidized bed, ie above the conveyor floor 6, a windshield 22 extending from the rear wall of the cross conveyor 12 upwards and forwards at least over a large part of the cross conveyor 12 is attached. As indicated schematically in FIG. 4, on the front edge of the wind

Mudguard 22 a rain protection 23 extending over the longitudinal conveyor 11 are hung. The rain protection 23 can be designed in the manner of a roller blind so that it can remain permanently on the front edge of the wind protection plate 22.

1 and 7 it can be seen that the haymaking machine is provided off-center with a tractor attachment device 24. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the tractor attachment device can, as indicated, be pivoted through 90 °, so that the entire haymaking machine can be pulled across the road behind a tractor transversely to the working direction.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, the haymaking machine can be divided transversely to the direction of travel, so that half of the haymaking machine can be folded onto the other half without the tractor being attached. This reduces the transport width of the haymaking machine by half.

It should also be mentioned that the conveyor floor 6 of the transverse conveyor 25 can be designed as a sheet which can be inserted into the box 7, so that the hay can be placed either on one side or the other.

The haymaking machine shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention has a frame (not shown in more detail) which is supported on the ground by the support wheels 3 and can be attached to a tractor, for example, by means of an attachment device (not shown) can.

In the frame, a receiving drum 2 horizontally arranged transversely to the direction of travel F is rotatably mounted on its front side. stored in cash, to the rear

Fluid bed conveyor in the form of a cross conveyor 25 directly connects. The transverse conveyor 25 can be supported on the back approximately centrally via a support foot 26 on the floor and, as in the previous exemplary embodiments, is designed as an essentially closed box 7, the upper side of which represents the essentially flat and freely accessible conveyor floor 6 with the air outlet slits 5. The blower 8, which is hydraulically driven, is connected to the rear of the boxes 7. As in the previous exemplary embodiments, the box 7 is designed as a pressure air rather. It is further provided that the total outlet area of the air outlet slots 5 is smaller by 100 cm ^{2 in} each case compared to the blow-out cross section of the blower 8 and this in turn compared to the blower suction cross section.

The Aufnähmet drum 2 is equipped with link-controlled tines 13 and driven in the direction of rotation D by a hydraulic motor, not shown. To control the tines 13, a link 27 is provided in the frame in a known manner, on the circumference of which rollers 28 roll under spring load when the receiving drum 2 rotates. Each roller 28 is connected via a control lever 29 to a bearing bolt 30 to which the radially inner end of the respective prong 13 is fastened. The backdrop 27 can be made of elastic material, e.g. Rubber, consist of or be coated with it, e.g. to ensure a quiet running of the recording drum 2.

The Aufnähmet drum 2 is provided with a jacket 31 which rotates together with it, therefore only has passage openings for the tines 13 or their bearing bolts 30 and thus a transport floor for the circular transport path of the goods on the Aufnähmet romme l 2nd represents. A sheath segment (not shown) is designed to be removable or for the purpose of replacing or replacing the tines 13.

When the Aufnähmet romme l 2, the tines 13 are controlled in the manner shown in Fig. 10, namely such that they are aligned in the area of the box 7 of the cross conveyor 25 substantially tangential to the jacket 31 and only below the Box 7 are deflected so that they are extended substantially radially on the remaining area of the receiving drum 2. The dashed line surrounding the casing 31 in FIG. 10 represents the orbit of the free ends of the tines 13 as they circulate.

The cross conveyor 25 is arranged with its conveyor bottom 6 essentially horizontally. This and the tangential alignment of the tines 13 in the area of the fluidized bed conveyor results in the phenomenon that the tines 13 in the area of the delivery of goods to the cross conveyor 25 are oriented essentially normal to the level of the conveyor floor 6 and consequently during the exert a push in the direction of the transverse conveyor 25 on the goods to be transferred. The transfer of goods is thereby promoted.

The path control of the tines 13 described above makes it possible to arrange the fluidized bed conveyor 25, in the present case the cross conveyor 25, directly at a short distance from the receiving drum 2 and to pass its edge facing the latter essentially in a straight line, i.e. without comb slots.

As can be seen in FIGS. 10 and 12, the transverse conveyor 25 is below the apex region of the circular one Guttransportbahn the Aufnähmet drum 2 arranged in the region of the level of their drive shaft 32. It is thereby achieved that the material discharged from the Aufnähmet drum 2 sufficiently far above the conveyor base 6 in the emerging from this air flow, ie in a region thereof with a comparatively low flow rate. In this area, the air flow of the cross conveyor 25 has practically no curtain effect which hinders the good entry into the fluidized bed, as can be observed in the immediate vicinity of the conveyor floor. There is a clear gradient between the drum 2 and the conveyor floor 6.

To further support the transfer of material from the receiving drum 2 to the cross conveyor 25, a blowing device in the form of air outlet openings 33, which are preferably 6 to 8, is formed in the outermost, step-down edge region of the conveyor floor 6 mm wide and 80 to 100 mm long and which is preceded within the box 7 by an air guide surface 35 pointing towards the box bottom. The arrangement of the air outlet openings 33 is such that the air flow emerging from them is essentially parallel to a tangent from below against the transfer path of the material, which is applied to the tangent in the area between the cross conveyor 25 and the receiving drum 2 on the jacket 31 thereof is directed from the receiving drum 2 to the cross conveyor 25. As a result, a premature falling of the overcoming goods and penetration into the gap between cross conveyor 25 and drum 2 Aufnähmet is prevented. At the same time, due to the tangential orientation of the tines, the material is blown off them.

In addition or as an alternative to the blowing device, an acceleration device 34 in the form of a fan can be attached to the blower

8 connected, all-round closed sheet metal body with air outlet openings above the Aufnähmet drum 2 may be provided. The air emerging from the air outlet openings flows, as indicated by the arrows PF, obliquely downward along the circular material conveying path of the receptacle rom 2 mel in the direction of the cross conveyor 25 in order to accelerate the material being conveyed and on the front ¬ to keep written crossing path.

Another measure to promote the transfer of the good from the take-up drum 2 to the cross conveyor 25 is that the air outlet slots 5 arranged in a row next to the air outlet openings 33 when viewed in plan view in the direction of conveyance A of the cross conveyor 25 are inclined at an angle of approximately 45 °. The air emerging from these inclined air outlet slots 5 thus gives the material given off by the receiving drum 2 against the direction of travel F a component of motion in the direction of the conveying direction A of the transverse conveyor running transverse to the direction of travel F upon entry into the air flow of the fluidized bed ι 25 and thus makes it easier to redirect the goods. The remaining air outlet slots 5 are also arranged in a row, but pointing in the direction of conveyance A and offset from one another from row to row. Their dimensions are preferably 40 mm in width and 3.5 mm in height. A guide plate 44 is arranged along the back of the cross conveyor 25 substantially over its entire length.

Of course, the air outlet openings 33 of the blowing device and the air outlet openings of the accelerating device 34 can also be inclined in the direction of conveyance A in order to support the deflection of the material. For sufficient ground adaptation, the receiving width of the receiving drum 2 is limited to approximately 2.4 m, corresponding to a working width of 3.2 m. In order to achieve larger pick-up widths, the pick-up drum 2 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 is divided in the longitudinal center. A fork-shaped boom 36 attached to the frame runs in the longitudinal center in the direction of travel F from the rear of the cross conveyor 25 to the receiving rummy l 2 and is circular in its area and is provided with a covering ring 37 on the circumference, in which the mutually facing ends of the two recording drum halves are taken up at a mutual distance. The boom 36 is supported on the floor by means of a rotatable support plate 38, which can be arranged at a slight incline so that it rolls better on the floor.

A double universal joint 39, which is mounted in a spherical ring held by the cover ring 37, is inserted in the opening of the circular arm 36, which supports the two halves of the drive shaft 32 and, via these, the two halves of the casing 31 and the tine carrier halves 40 of the two recording drum halves connects (see FIG. 13).

One outer shield 41 of each of the two holding rims half carries a link 27 for the path control of the tines 13 and has an extended bearing or a double bearing 42 for each of the two halves of the drive shaft 32. This ensures that the plates 41 can follow the pivoting movements of the receiving drum around the same centrally supporting arm 36. The signs 41 are mounted in the frame by means of bolts 43.

To relieve the Aufrähmetromme l 2 in the central region acts on the boom a relief spring, for example

Torsion spring. The contact pressure of the support plate 38 can thus be kept so low that there are no traces even on wet ground.

The mode of operation of the haymaking machine according to the invention is briefly explained below:

Like a conventional machine of this type, the haymaking machine according to the invention is also pulled behind a tractor across a mowed field. The pick-up drum (s) 2 rotating in the direction of rotation D grabs the hay from the ground and lifts it up to above the top of the fluidized bed conveyor 11 or 25.

In the embodiment with a longitudinal conveyor 11 and uncontrolled tines 13, the latter engage in the comb slots 15 of the longitudinal conveyor 11 and transfer the hay in the direction opposite the direction of travel F to the conveyor floor 6, where it comes from the air outlet slots 5 emerging fluidized bed flow in the same conveying direction A without turbulence, continuously and essentially floating in a flat plane until it is transported further to the cross conveyor 12 ^** .

In the embodiment with a longitudinal conveyor 11 and controlled tines 13, the latter feed the picked up hay up to the conveyor floor 6, after which they are pulled out of the hay in the radial direction due to the path control, which in the same way as above from the flow Bed flow is transported to the cross conveyor 12.

In the embodiment with the transverse conveyor 25 directly adjoining the receiving drum 2, the controlled tines 13 convey the picked up hay over the sheave. tel of the Aufnähmet reel 2 and pass the same to the fluidized bed flow in a region thereof with a comparatively low flow speed and consequently little deflection or curtain effect. Due to their special path control in the area of the hay transfer, the tines 13 are oriented essentially normal to the level of the conveyor floor and consequently exert a particularly high thrust effect on the hay being passed over. The air flow emerging from the blowing device prevents the hay from falling prematurely, ie keeps it on the desired transfer path. If one

Accelerator is present, the air flow emerging from it accelerates the passing hay and also keeps it on the desired transfer path. The hay emitted by the same in the direction of travel F of the receiving drum 2 in the direction of travel F is immediately upon entry into the fluid bed flow by the air emerging from the inclined air outlet slots 5 to the conveying direction A of the fluidized bed cross conveyor 25 running transversely thereto deflected in order to be detected by the fluid bed flow emerging from the air outlet slots 5 pointing in the conveying direction A and to be conveyed transversely to the direction of travel F.

Here too, as with the cross conveyor 12 of the two aforementioned embodiments, the hay is transported without turbulence, continuously and freely suspended in an essentially flat plane. The air emerging from the air slots 5 moves as a flat layer of air over the conveyor floor 6, carrying the hay with it without whirling it up. Because of this air layer, the hay is carried on the one hand, so that there is practically no contact with the conveyor floor 6 itself and is transported on the other hand, so that mechanical means of transport can be dispensed with. The hay experiences

there is no contact with the conveyor floor 6 itself and transported to the other, so that mechanical means of transport can be dispensed with. The hay experiences on the cross conveyor 12 or 25 such a large kinetic energy that it flies beyond the end of the conveyor floor 6 to the swath plate 21 arranged at a distance. The hay and swath are deposited there. Without using the swath plate 21, the hay is laid down in a wide area.

Also preferred is an embodiment which is not shown in the drawings, the box not being designed as an air storage space, but practically only as an air flow channel. In this case, the cross-sectional area of the slots is chosen to be larger, so that practically no static overpressure can form in the box. The box now acts only as a distributor for the air to be added to the air outlet slots. The L'uftaust ride speed is essentially determined only by the capacity and blowing speed of the blower.

Instead of a take-up drum with cam-controlled tines, a take-up drum can also be used, in which the tines are attached to a shaft in a manner fixed against relative rotation, a cylinder jacket encompassing the shaft being arranged eccentrically to the shaft. The cylinder jacket has openings through which the tines can pass. The eccentricity between the axis of the cylinder jacket and the shaft carrying the tines is selected so that in the transfer area between the receiving drum 1 and the fluid bed conveyor the free ends of the tines lie approximately in the dumbbell surface, while the tines facing the ground protrude far beyond the lateral surface of the cylinder jacket. During the operation of this collecting drum, the tine shaft rotates about its axis while the cylinder jacket also rotates about its own axis. As a result, the tines in the area of the floor extend beyond the dumbbell surface and withdraw into the interior of the cylinder in the transfer area to the fluidized bed conveyor.

There is no relative movement between the tine shaft and the axis of the cylinder jacket.

It is also possible for the tine shaft to be fixed in place, the tines being pressed onto plastic bushes and being able to rotate on the shaft. The tines are driven by the cylinder jacket, more precisely by the openings in the cylinder jacket through which the tines protrude.

Claims

Claims machine

1. Haymaking machine with at least one receiving drum for the hay, characterized by a subordinate, connected to a blower and designed as a fluidized bed conveyor (11, 12; 25) pneumatic conveyor, which has a conveyor floor (6) with an incline under one flat angle flX) to the conveying floor level in the conveying direction (A) facing air outlet slots (5) for the outlet of air to produce the fluidized bed.

2. haymaking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the conveyor base (6) forms the top of a substantially closed box (7) which is connected to the blower ⁽ 8 ⁾ .

3. Haymaking machine according to claim 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the ratio of the volume of the box (7) to the total outlet area of the air outlet slots (5) is chosen so large that the box (7) a pressure represents air storage.

4. Haymaking machine according to at least one of Ansprü¬ che 1 to 3, characterized in that the Gesamttaus¬ exit surface of the air outlet slots (5) is smaller than the blow-out cross section of the blower (8).

5. Haymaking machine according to at least one of Ansprü¬ che 1 to 4, characterized in that the Ausblas¬ cross section of the blower (5) is smaller than its intake cross section.

6. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the total exit surface of the air outlet slots (5) with respect to the blow-out cross section of the blower (8) and this in turn with respect to the blower suction cross section by approximately 60 each -100 cm smaller.

7. Haymaking machine according to at least one of Ansprü¬ che 1 to 6, characterized in that the air outlet angle (o of the air outlet slots (5) about 5 to 12, measured to the level of the conveyor floor (6), be¬.

8. haymaking machine according to claim 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the air outlet angle (O ^* * -) is 7.

9. haymaking machine according to at least one of Ansprü¬ che 1 to 8, characterized in that the distance between the air outlet slots (5) transversely to the Förderri direction (A) of the fluidized bed approximately corresponds to the width of an air outlet slot (5).

10. Haymaking machine according to at least one of the

Proverbs 1-9, characterized in that the distance between the air outlet slots ⁽ 5) in the conveying direction (A) is about 1 to 1 1/2 times the width of an air outlet slot (5).

11. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1-10, characterized in that the ratio of the height ⁽ H) to the width (B) of a Lu thousand ri tt ssc hli tzes (5) is about 1: 5 to about 1:25 is.

12. haymaking machine according to claim 11, characterized ge indicates that the ratio of the height (H) to the width ⁽ B ^{) of} an air outlet slot (5) is about 1:10.

13. Haymaking machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the height (H) of an air outlet slot (5) is approximately 3.5 mm and its width (B) is approximately 40 mm.

14. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the ^' air outlet slots (5) are arranged offset from one another.

15. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the air outlet slots (5) are aligned with their upper edge (9) essentially with the surface of the conveyor floor (6).

16. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the lower edge (10) of the air outlet slots (5) is formed by indenting the region of the conveyor floor (6) adjacent to the upper edge (9) .

17. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the receiving drum (2) is arranged horizontally essentially transversely to the direction of travel (F) and is equipped with tines (13).

18. Haymaking machine according to claim 17, characterized in that the tines (13) are uncontrolled.

19. Haymaking machine according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the Aufnähmetrommel (2) facing edge region (14) of the fluidized bed conveyor (11) with open-edge comb slots (15) for the passage of the tines ⁽ 13) when the recording rotates drum (2) is formed.

20. Haymaking machine according to claim 19, characterized in that the comb slots (15) are sealed off by partitions to the box (7) of the fluidized bed conveyor (11).

21. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 17, 19 or 20, characterized in that the tines (13) are path-controlled in such a way that they extend at least substantially in the area of the crop pick-up from the ground and in the area directly on the fluidized bed Conveyor (11) are essentially retracted.

22. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 17, 19 and 20, characterized in that the tines (13) are path-controlled in such a way that they extend substantially radially at least in the area of the crop pick-up and in the area directly on the fluidized bed Conveyor (25) substantially tangential to

circular Gut-Transportbahn the Aufnähmet drum ⁽ 2 ^{) are} aligned.

23. A haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the edge of the fluidized bed conveyor (25) facing the receiving drum (2) is designed to run essentially in a straight line.

24. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the tines (13) in the area of the delivery of goods to the fluidized bed conveyor ⁽ 11, 25) substantially normal to the level of the conveyor floor (6) at least in which the Aufnähmet edge region (14) facing the drum (2) are aligned.

25. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the conveyor floor (6) adjoins the drum in the height region essentially in the apex region of the circular material transport path of the receiving drum (2).

26. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the conveyor floor (6) adjoins the circular goods transport path of the pick-up drum (2) beneath the part of the circle of the circular goods transport path.

27. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the fluidized bed conveyor (11) is designed as a longitudinal conveyor (11) which adjoins the take-up drum (2) and essentially conveys the direction of travel (F).

28. A haymaking machine according to claim 27, characterized in that a cross conveyor ⁽ 12) which conveys substantially transversely to the direction of travel (F) is arranged immediately after the longitudinal conveyor (11).

29. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 27 to 28, characterized in that the longitudinal conveyor (11) counter to the direction of travel

(F) is increasing.

30. Haymaking machine according to at least one of the

Claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the fluidized bed conveyor (25) is designed only as a cross conveyor (25) which adjoins the pick-up drum (2) and essentially transversely to the direction of travel (F).

31 haymaking machine according to claim 30, characterized in that the Querfδrderer (25) with its conveyor bottom (6) at such a distance below the Sc hei telbe rei chs of the circular good transport path of the recording drum (2) is arranged such that the entrance of the material discharged from the take-up drum ⁽ 2 ⁾ into the air flow of the cross conveyor (25 ⁾ in a region thereof at a comparatively low flow rate.

det.

32. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that the conveyor floor (6) adjoins the same in the height region of the axis of rotation or drive shaft (30) of the receiving drum (2).

33. haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that in the area between the Aufnähmet romme l (2) and the fluidized bed conveyor (25) a blowing device (33) is arranged such that the exiting from it Air flow from below against the transfer path of the drum from the Aufnähmet (2 ⁾ on the fluidized bed conveyor (25) is directed good.

34. Haymaking machine according to claim 33, characterized in that the air flow emerging from the blowing device (33) substantially along or parallel to one of the drum in the area between the fluidized bed conveyor (25) and the Aufnähmet (2) to the circular material -Transportbahn created tangent runs.

35. Haymaking machine according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the air stream emerging from the blowing device has a flow component in conveying direction (A) of the fluidized bed cross conveyor.

36. Haymaking machine according to at least one of the

Claims 33 to 35, characterized t. that the blowing device (33) is designed as at least one air outlet opening (33) in the fluidized bed conveyor (25).

37. Haymaking machine according to claim 36 ,. by the fact that the air outlet opening (33) is approximately 5 to 10 mm wide and approximately 70 to 110 mm long.

38. Haymaking machine according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that the air outlet opening (33) in the conveyor floor (6) is formed.

39. haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 38, characterized by an acceleration device (34) with an emerging air stream for accelerating the material when passing from the Aufnähmet drum ⁽ 2) to the fluidized bed conveyor (25 ⁾ . -

40. haymaking machine according to claim 39, characterized in that the acceleration device (34) above the Aufnähmet rummy L (2) is arranged and has at least one air outlet opening, the air stream emerging from the same along the circular material transport path of the Aufnähmet drum (2) is directed obliquely downwards in the direction of the fluidized bed conveyor (25 ⁾ .

41. Haymaking machine according to at least one of the

Claims 1 to 40, characterized.

that air outlet slots (5) are inclined in at least one of the edge regions of the conveyor base (6) in the conveying direction ⁽ A ⁾ thereof.

42. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 33 to 41, characterized in that the air flow emerging from the acceleration device (34) and / or blowing device ⁽ 33) in the conveying direction ⁽ A ^{) of} the fluidized bed conveyor is inclined i st.

43. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 28 to 42, characterized in that the cross conveyor ⁽ 12, 25) is arranged essentially horizontally.

44. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that the receiving drum (2) has a casing (31) which is formed by the tines (13) and which forms the transport floor of its circular goods transport path.

45. haymaking machine according to claim 44, characterized ge indicates that the jacket (31) rotates together with the Aufnähmet drum (2).

46. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that in the box (7) of the conveyor floor (6) the fan air flow is directed downward in the direction of the receiving drum (2) to the front Air outlet slots (5) of the fluidized bed conveyor (11) deflecting guide plate (16) is attached.

47. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 46, characterized in that the conveyor floor (6) of the cross conveyor (12, 25) is designed as a sheet which can be inserted into the box (7).

48. Haymaking machine according to at least one of claims 1 to 47, characterized in that the tines (13) are arranged in at least two tine row sections (40) running in the longitudinal direction of the take-up drum (2) and the tine row sections adjacent in the longitudinal direction of the drum ( 40) are offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the receiving drum (2).

49. haymaking machine according to claim 48, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the tine row sections (40) are offset by about 1/2 division against each other.

50. Haymaking machine according to claim 48 or 49, characterized in that the tine row sections (40) are of approximately the same length.