EP0263443A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour produire une émulsion eau-en-huile - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour produire une émulsion eau-en-huile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0263443A2
EP0263443A2 EP19870114400 EP87114400A EP0263443A2 EP 0263443 A2 EP0263443 A2 EP 0263443A2 EP 19870114400 EP19870114400 EP 19870114400 EP 87114400 A EP87114400 A EP 87114400A EP 0263443 A2 EP0263443 A2 EP 0263443A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
emulsion
chamber
oil
water
mixing chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19870114400
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0263443A3 (en
EP0263443B1 (fr
Inventor
Gerold Dr. Kunz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zugol AG
Original Assignee
Zugol AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from CH2664/87A external-priority patent/CH673235A5/de
Application filed by Zugol AG filed Critical Zugol AG
Priority to AT87114400T priority Critical patent/ATE76328T1/de
Publication of EP0263443A2 publication Critical patent/EP0263443A2/fr
Publication of EP0263443A3 publication Critical patent/EP0263443A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0263443B1 publication Critical patent/EP0263443B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B01F23/414—Emulsifying characterised by the internal structure of the emulsion
    • B01F23/4145—Emulsions of oils, e.g. fuel, and water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B01F25/102—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components wherein the vortex is created by two or more jets introduced tangentially in separate mixing chambers or consecutively in the same mixing chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
    • B01F2025/919—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings characterised by the disposition of the feed and discharge openings
    • B01F2025/9191—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings characterised by the disposition of the feed and discharge openings characterised by the arrangement of the feed openings for one or more flows, e.g. for the mainflow and the flow of an additional component
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/505—Mixing fuel and water or other fluids to obtain liquid fuel emulsions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion.
  • emulsifiers i.e. chemical additives which are used to produce at least briefly stable emulsions, i.e. homogeneous mixing of two immiscible substances, e.g. a water-oil liquid can be used.
  • emulsifiers i.e. chemical additives
  • the aim of the present invention was to create a method or a device which, especially for use in motor vehicles, reliably and simply processes a water-in-oil emulsion as a fuel for diesel engines.
  • the addition of water to fuels leads to lower fuel consumption, reduced pollutants or an increase in the performance of internal combustion engines.
  • the water is introduced into the cylinder chamber via a separate injection system, where it mixes with the injected fuel shortly before combustion.
  • Chemical emulsifiers are not suitable for use in internal combustion engines because of the generation of additional pollutants.
  • Conventional mechanical devices for achieving water-in-oil emulsions have the disadvantage, however, that with the small flow rates required, for example for light vehicle diesel engines, a constant mixing ratio is not achieved, but this must be required for sensible operation.
  • the process according to the invention is characterized in that, in order to achieve a predetermined water / oil quantity ratio from a water and a separate oil supply, the required amounts of water and oil are dispensed and these quantities are then combined so that the mixture is used to produce the emulsion a mixing chamber with a funnel-shaped outlet is conveyed, and the emulsion produced is conveyed from the mixing chamber into a storage chamber and is kept in constant motion there, a portion of the emulsion being withdrawn from the storage chamber and, if necessary, again with a new mixture into the mixing chamber and thus into a closed circuit is promoted, while another portion of the emulsion is removed from the storage chamber and fed to the consumer.
  • a dosing device to achieve a predetermined water / oil ratio, a mixing chamber with at least one tangential inlet and an axial, constricting outlet, a connecting line between the dosing direction and the mixing chamber in which the metered amounts of water and oil are brought together and into which conveying means are installed, further through a storage chamber connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber, the connecting line between these chambers also leading approximately tangentially into the storage chamber, and that the latter has an outlet leading to the suction side of the conveying means and an outlet leading to the consumer of the emulsion.
  • the metering device with membrane walls and electromagnetic lifting drive has proven to be particularly advantageous for use in vehicle engines. It is suitable to achieve a constant water-oil ratio in the constantly changing operating conditions. At the same time, the device has a particularly advantageous emergency running property in that, even when the power supply to the linear actuator is interrupted, diesel oil is available for motor operation by appropriate dimensioning of the check valves and the magnet in the lines.
  • the conveying means for generating a constant closed circuit in the device may only accelerate the liquid or its components gently, as is achieved, for example, by curved delivery blades of a low-pressure centrifugal pump.
  • the mixing chamber is preferably hemispherical with two concentric chambers, the inner chamber opening into a funnel-shaped part where the emulsion is accelerated and also the swirl which it has received through the tangential feed into the outer chamber is increased and the Mixing promotes.
  • the channel narrowing in the shape of a funnel preferably opens into an approximately cylindrical expansion channel, thereby increasing the mixing.
  • This expansion channel finally opens, again narrowing at the end, into a storage container.
  • the emulsion In the storage container, the emulsion is kept in constant motion by means of a tangential inlet, so that it does not separate and remains stable.
  • the storage container has a connecting channel to the suction side of the conveying means, so that a closed circuit is constantly maintained in the device, as long as the conveying means are in operation.
  • the storage container also has a removal line for supplying the emulsion to the consumer, for example to the injection pump of a diesel engine.
  • This connection is preferably approximately in the same cross-sectional plane in the storage container as the inlet from the mixing chamber.
  • a hemispherical part of the storage container with a ventilation opening in the zenith has proven to be ideal.
  • a water-to-oil ratio of about 1:10 has proven to be particularly advantageous for use in vehicle engines. Pollutants such as soot, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are significantly reduced compared to operating with diesel oil alone.
  • the use of the device according to the invention for producing a water-in-oil emulsion provides, for example to combustion engines or oil burners, an emulsion which is essentially stable and constant in relation to water-oil, even under constantly changing operating conditions, which contributes very greatly to reducing pollutant emissions.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing the structure of a device according to the invention is shown, the arrows respectively the direction of flow of the emulsion or. of water and oil.
  • the water line 10 and the oil line 11 lead into the metering device 1, after which the precisely metered amounts of these liquids are brought together in the collecting line 12 via the outlet lines 10 Samm and 11 ⁇ and reach the suction side of a conveying pump, here a centrifugal pump 2.
  • the mixture accelerated by the pump 2 reaches the mixing chamber 3 via the feed line 28.
  • the mixing chamber 3 is divided into an outer chamber 3 ⁇ , into which the feed line 28 opens tangentially, and an inner chamber 3 ⁇ .
  • the partition of the two chambers 3 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ has circular recesses 6 which are chamfered approximately parallel to the direction of flow. This arrangement makes a particularly advantageous mixture reached the water-oil mixture and created a water-in-oil emulsion. Because the leading part 3 ′′′ of the mixing chamber 3 is tapered, the swirling and mixing of the water and oil particles is intensified. Finally, the vessel part 3 ′′′, expanding suddenly, opens into an expansion channel 7 before the emulsion finally reaches the storage container 5. The tangential feed into the storage container 5 ensures that the emulsion in the storage container 5 remains in constant motion (vortex). In order to remove the air in the device during the first filling process, the storage container 5 has a ventilation opening 7 at its highest point.
  • the removal opening or line 8 which leads to the injection pump when used in diesel engines, for example, is preferably located at the same height as the storage container 5 like its tangential feed line of the expansion channel 4. So that an ideal emulsion is always available in the storage container 5, a circuit of the emulsion is constantly maintained in the device itself by the storage container 5 having a return channel 5 'to the conveying means 2 at the lower end.
  • the structure of the metering device 1 can be seen in more detail in FIG. 2 of the drawing.
  • the metering device 1 has a pump chamber 14 for water and a larger chamber 15 for oil in accordance with the desired water-oil ratio.
  • the discharge line 12 are check valves 13 attached.
  • the membrane walls 16, 17 are coupled to one another via a fixed actuating rod 18 and are preferably connected to an electromagnetic drive (not shown) which drives the membranes in an oscillating manner.
  • the dimensions of the pump chambers 14, 15 and the membrane surfaces 16, 17 each lead water and oil into the line 12 in a specific, constant ratio.
  • the flow rate can be varied either by the frequency of the membrane movement or by different strokes. Since the stroke is not rigid due to an electromagnetic drive, but depends on the back pressure, no special control of the flow rate through the metering device is necessary. With appropriate dimensioning of the solenoid, a small pressure build-up in line 12 is sufficient, e.g. if little or no emulsion is removed from the storage container 5 so that the corresponding check valves 13 remain closed. If a large amount of emulsion is required, a low pressure in the line 12 causes a small back pressure in the chambers 14, 15 and the solenoid reaches a large stroke with a correspondingly large flow rate.
  • Another great advantage is the emergency running property of the metering device, in that if the diaphragm 16, 17 has a defective drive, the water supply line 10 is closed by the check valve 13 of this line (if the valve has a correspondingly dimensioned spring which exerts a greater pressure than the pressure in the water supply).
  • the oil supply via line 11 is preferably carried out by means of a pump, whereby a sufficiently large pressure can be achieved to both valves in line 11, respectively. keep the line 11 ⁇ open and thus supply the device with oil. This ensures problem-free operation of, for example, a diesel engine with diesel oil alone.
  • FIG. 3 A connection diagram of the entire device 19 to a vehicle diesel engine 26 is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the water tank 21 should be mounted somewhat higher than the connection on the device 19, while the oil tank 20 can be arranged as desired since an intermediate feed pump 22 is provided.
  • the removal line 23 from the reservoir 5 in the device 19 leads to the injection pump 24. From there, the emulsion reaches the combustion chamber of the diesel engine 26 via the injection nozzles 25.
  • the leakage lines 27, 27 ′ are coupled to the return connection 9 (FIG. 1) of the device 19.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
EP19870114400 1986-10-08 1987-10-02 Procédé et dispositif pour produire une émulsion eau-en-huile Expired - Lifetime EP0263443B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87114400T ATE76328T1 (de) 1986-10-08 1987-10-02 Verfahren und geraet zur erzeugung einer wasser-in-oel-emulsion.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH401386 1986-10-08
CH4013/86 1986-10-08
CH2664/87 1987-07-13
CH2664/87A CH673235A5 (en) 1987-07-13 1987-07-13 Prepn. of water-in-oil emulsion

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0263443A2 true EP0263443A2 (fr) 1988-04-13
EP0263443A3 EP0263443A3 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0263443B1 EP0263443B1 (fr) 1992-05-20

Family

ID=25691085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870114400 Expired - Lifetime EP0263443B1 (fr) 1986-10-08 1987-10-02 Procédé et dispositif pour produire une émulsion eau-en-huile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4938606A (fr)
EP (1) EP0263443B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1017872B (fr)
DE (1) DE3779242D1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

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WO1990011082A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1990-10-04 Buchholz Klaus L Utilisation d'un produit de reaction compose d'un gaz et d'un liquide, ainsi que procede et dispositif pour sa fabrication
EP0392545A1 (fr) * 1989-04-14 1990-10-17 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Procédé et dispositif pour la préparation d'une émulsion d'eau-dans-carburant
EP0393715A1 (fr) * 1989-04-21 1990-10-24 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Emulsion liquide sans émulgateur et procédé et dispositif pour faire l'émulsion
EP0313086B1 (fr) * 1987-10-23 1991-02-27 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Procédé pour mélanger du carburant et de l'eau et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé
WO1992005792A1 (fr) * 1990-10-02 1992-04-16 Buchholz Klaus L Utilisation du produit de reaction entre un gaz et un liquide, procede et dispositif de production de celui-ci
US5391328A (en) * 1987-10-23 1995-02-21 Tecno-Bio Co., Ltd. Apparatus for introducing and bonding gas into water
EP0953760A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Günther Kramb Dispositif de dosage pour une installation de production d'une émulsion
FR2858392A1 (fr) 2003-07-28 2005-02-04 Pierre Marie Louis Boussange Installation d'alimentation en combustible d'une chaudiere a bruleur fioul participante d'une installation de chauffage et d'alimentation en eau chaude de locaux

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US6383237B1 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-05-07 Deborah A. Langer Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions
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US6652607B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-11-25 The Lubrizol Corporation Concentrated emulsion for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6530964B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2003-03-11 The Lubrizol Corporation Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6827749B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2004-12-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsions
US6419714B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2002-07-16 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsifier for an acqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US6913630B2 (en) 1999-07-07 2005-07-05 The Lubrizol Corporation Amino alkylphenol emulsifiers for an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel
US20040111956A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2004-06-17 Westfall David L. Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsion
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US7413583B2 (en) * 2003-08-22 2008-08-19 The Lubrizol Corporation Emulsified fuels and engine oil synergy
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US7930998B2 (en) * 2006-03-30 2011-04-26 Eric William Cottell Real time in-line water-in-fuel emulsion apparatus, process and system
US7934474B2 (en) * 2006-03-30 2011-05-03 Eric William Cottell Real time in-line hydrosonic water-in-fuel emulsion apparatus, process and system
US8632243B2 (en) * 2008-03-10 2014-01-21 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Microfluidic mixing using continuous acceleration/deceleration methodology
DE102009048223A1 (de) * 2009-10-05 2011-06-16 Fachhochschule Trier Verfahren zur In-Situ-Herstellung von Treibstoff-Wasser-Gemischen in Verbrennungsmotoren
DE102014003796B4 (de) 2014-03-14 2016-04-21 Adrian Verstallen Apparat und Verfahren zur Wasserrückgewinnung aus den Abgasen eines Fahrzeug-Dieselmotors mit Wiedereinsatz des Wassers zur Herstellung einer Diesel/Wasser-Emulsion an Bord des Fahrzeugs
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US10058828B2 (en) * 2015-06-01 2018-08-28 Cameron International Corporation Apparatus for mixing of fluids flowing through a conduit
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CN105771714A (zh) * 2016-04-22 2016-07-20 东南大学 油包水型纳米乳液的制备方法
CN110115943B (zh) * 2019-05-30 2021-09-24 河海大学 液-液双连续乳液界面制备装置及方法

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0313086B1 (fr) * 1987-10-23 1991-02-27 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Procédé pour mélanger du carburant et de l'eau et dispositif pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé
US5391328A (en) * 1987-10-23 1995-02-21 Tecno-Bio Co., Ltd. Apparatus for introducing and bonding gas into water
WO1990011082A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1990-10-04 Buchholz Klaus L Utilisation d'un produit de reaction compose d'un gaz et d'un liquide, ainsi que procede et dispositif pour sa fabrication
EP0595177A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1994-05-04 Klaus L. Buchholz Procédé et dispositif pour obtenir un produit de réaction d'un gaz et d'un liquide
EP0392545A1 (fr) * 1989-04-14 1990-10-17 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Procédé et dispositif pour la préparation d'une émulsion d'eau-dans-carburant
WO1990012959A1 (fr) 1989-04-14 1990-11-01 'harrier' Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Med Procede et dispositif pour produire une emulsion eau-dans-carburant et emulsion eau-dans-carburant sans emulsifiant
US5125367A (en) * 1989-04-14 1992-06-30 Harrier Gmbh Method and apparatus for producing a water-in-fuel-emulsion and emulsifier-free water-in-fuel-emulsion
EP0393715A1 (fr) * 1989-04-21 1990-10-24 "Harrier" Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Emulsion liquide sans émulgateur et procédé et dispositif pour faire l'émulsion
WO1990012639A1 (fr) * 1989-04-21 1990-11-01 'harrier' Gmbh Gesellschaft Für Den Vertrieb Medizinischer Und Technischer Geräte Emulsion liquide sans emulsifiant; procede et dispositif pour la preparer
WO1992005792A1 (fr) * 1990-10-02 1992-04-16 Buchholz Klaus L Utilisation du produit de reaction entre un gaz et un liquide, procede et dispositif de production de celui-ci
EP0953760A1 (fr) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Günther Kramb Dispositif de dosage pour une installation de production d'une émulsion
FR2858392A1 (fr) 2003-07-28 2005-02-04 Pierre Marie Louis Boussange Installation d'alimentation en combustible d'une chaudiere a bruleur fioul participante d'une installation de chauffage et d'alimentation en eau chaude de locaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0263443A3 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0263443B1 (fr) 1992-05-20
CN1017872B (zh) 1992-08-19
DE3779242D1 (de) 1992-06-25
US4938606A (en) 1990-07-03
CN87106928A (zh) 1988-12-21

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