EP0260766A1 - Primär-Empfangseinheit für polarisierte Mikrowellen, Parabolantenne und Empfangsstelle mit solcher Einheit - Google Patents

Primär-Empfangseinheit für polarisierte Mikrowellen, Parabolantenne und Empfangsstelle mit solcher Einheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0260766A1
EP0260766A1 EP87201772A EP87201772A EP0260766A1 EP 0260766 A1 EP0260766 A1 EP 0260766A1 EP 87201772 A EP87201772 A EP 87201772A EP 87201772 A EP87201772 A EP 87201772A EP 0260766 A1 EP0260766 A1 EP 0260766A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
depolarizer
reception
reception head
microwaves
type
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87201772A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0260766B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Société Civile S.P.I.D. Cormier
Philippe Société Civile S.P.I.D. Horvat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Electronique Gran Public
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Electronique Gran Public, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Electronique Gran Public
Publication of EP0260766A1 publication Critical patent/EP0260766A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0260766B1 publication Critical patent/EP0260766B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
    • H01P1/17—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation
    • H01P1/172—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation using a dielectric element

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a reception head for microwaves which, for various channels, have simultaneously two conjugate polarizations, comprising, along the axis of propagation of the microwaves, a front depolarizer, a collector guide wave, a mode selector, a converter, and selection control means for alternately selecting one or the other of said conjugate polarizations.
  • the present invention also relates to a parabolic antenna and a reception station provided with such a reception head.
  • This type of antenna is used in particular to receive radio signals from a geostationary satellite, for example television signals whose carrier frequency is between 10 and 13 GHz.
  • An antenna of the "general public" type must be able, at the best price, to alternately select any wave polarization among two in order to access, as desired, all the television programs transmitted by a satellite.
  • the mobility of the converter requires that the output cable is subjected to a twist; therefore the cable is subject to wear; moreover the cable not being very flexible - it is a coaxial cable - it must include a free loop which is bulky, and again the motor for controlling the movement of the converter must be powerful enough to twist the cable; all of these constraints have the result that the reception head is expensive and that it is bulky in volume which constitutes, with respect to incident waves, a mask whose shadow cast on the parabola is detrimental to the quality of the reception.
  • the present invention aims to eliminate these drawbacks.
  • a reception head according to the invention is particularly remarkable in that the said selection control means are produced by the only rorotation of an angle equal to ⁇ / 2 of the said front depolarizer which is rotatably mounted around of said propagation axis, all the other elements of the reception head being fixed.
  • the front depolarizer is a light piece and therefore easy to rotate and guide in rotation; thus the drop shadow is reduced to a minimum.
  • Such a reception head is designed to receive waves of a single type of polarization among two types, namely a first type called rectilinear X, Y, or a second type called circular D, G; the rotation of the only frontal depolarizer makes it possible to select X or Y in one case, D or G in the other case, but not both.
  • a reception head is particularly remarkable in that the said waveguide collector comprises a housing for accommodating therein, or not, a depolarizer for changing the type, the presence, or the non-presence, in said housing of said type change depolarizer having the effect of respectively allowing the reception of the waves of one or the other type among the two types of polarization.
  • a receiving head is capable at the slightest cost of receiving and selecting all wave types regardless of polarization; whether or not the addition of the type change depolarizer is not a disadvantage for domestic use by the general public; indeed an antenna can, at a given moment, be pointed only towards a single satellite, or group of satellites, always transmitting either in X, Y or in D, G, whatever the channel, in other words there is There is no mixed situation X, Y and D, G and it is easy during the installation of the antenna in the user to add or not the depolarizer of change of type according to the direction which is aimed.
  • a reception head according to the invention therefore comprises two embodiments depending on whether the type change depolarizer is present or not.
  • Such a reception head is generally used at the hearth of a satellite dish which is installed outside, on the roof or on the balcony for example; a complete reception station furthermore includes internal channel selection equipment, it is then particularly advantageous if the reception head comprises a motor for controlling the rotational movement of said front depolarizer, and that said channel selection equipment comprises control means for controlling said motor.
  • a reception station is schematically represented in an example of a domes installation. tick at a user's home; the station includes channel selection equipment (ESC) generally installed inside, and a reception head (TR) placed at the focal point and in the axis of the satellite dish (P) which is represented situated on a balcony (B); the axis of the parabolic reflector points to a satellite (SAT) in the direction of the arrow; the incident microwaves (MOI) are reflected towards the focal point of the dish; the reception head (TR) constitutes the main part of the antenna since this is where the microwaves are collected to generate a usable electrical signal; the electrical signal is transmitted to the interior equipment (ESC) by a coaxial cable (COAX); the element (TR) is fixed to the parabolic reflector by fixing feet (PF) generally three in number.
  • ESC channel selection equipment
  • TR reception head
  • PF fixing feet
  • FIG. 1 The elements shown in FIG. 1 are well known, but it should be emphasized that certain elements involuntarily harm the proper functioning of the assembly because of the screen effect, or of the drop shadow, which they exercise between the microwave and the dish; these are the feet (PF), the cable (COAX) and the receiving head (TR). It is clear that to reduce the price of the assembly, and improve the quality of the reception of the waves, it is necessary to reduce the weight, the bulk, the complexity of these elements while retaining their functional qualities; for example, by reducing the weight of the receiving head (TR), we can save on its volume and the size of the feet (PF) and therefore reduce the shade cast.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the reception head to produce an inexpensive consumer antenna with efficient and long-lasting operation.
  • This object is notably achieved by minimizing the number of moving parts of the receiving head and the shade cast on the parabolic reflector.
  • a satisfactory reception head comprises only one movable part, the front depolarizer; it is a light piece, the case of the conventional dielectric blade depolarizer, which is easy to rotate with a small, space-saving motor.
  • the reception head consists of a mobile front depolarizer (POM), a waveguide collector (COG), a mode selector (SM), and a converter (CO); the selected signal is transmitted electrically in the cable (COAX).
  • POM mobile front depolarizer
  • COG waveguide collector
  • SM mode selector
  • COAX converter
  • FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b The first version, FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b, is suitable for a satellite which emits microwaves (MOI) of a circular type with two possible right and left conjugate incident polarizations (Di and Gi); at a given moment the user is only interested in a single program, that is to say a single polarization, either Di or Gi; the invention takes advantage of this observation.
  • MOI microwaves
  • Di and Gi right and left conjugate incident polarizations
  • FIG. 2a shows how, in a first position (P) of the mobile depolarizer (POM), the incident circular waves (Di, Gi) become rectilinear waves (X, Y); after passing through the waveguide (COG), the mode selector (SM) stores in a single X wave which is converted by the converter (CO) into an electrical signal which, in the case of FIG. 2a, is representative of the right incident incident circular wave Di.
  • FIGS. 2c and 2d correspond to the version of the reception head suitable for a satellite which transmits microwaves of a rectilinear type with two possible conjugate incident polarizations horizontal and vertical (Xi and Yi); the constitution of the reception head is identical to that of FIGS. 2a and 2b except that in the waveguide collector (COG) a fixed depolarizer (POF) has been added to effect the version change.
  • the incident waves Xi, Yi become circular waves (D and G) through the mobile depolarizer (POM); the fixed depolarizer (POF) transforms these waves into (X and Y) so that the electrical signal present on the cable (COAX) is now representative either of the incident wave Xi in the case of FIG. 2c, or of l incident wave Yi in the case of FIG. 2d.
  • a conventional dielectric plate depolarizer is used rather than a meander depolarizer like that indicated in the cited patent.
  • a radome can be directly in incorporated in the mobile depolarizer, thus the interior of the receiving head is protected from the weather.
  • Ave Figures 3a and 3b we see the two operating positions of the receiving head for circular waves, that is to say with a single depolarizer.
  • FIGS. 3c and 3d we see the two operating positions of the reception head for rectilinear waves, that is to say with two depolarizers.
  • the plane of the fixed depolarizer (POF) is inclined at an angle of 45 ° relative to the main axis of the converter input waveguide (CO).
  • the plane of the mobile depolarizer is either in the same plane as the fixed depolarizer (POF) case of Figures 3a and 3c, or in a plane perpendicular to the fixed depolarizer (POF) case of Figures 3b and 3d.
  • depolarizers are here represented as thin dielectric plates having the shape of a rectangle provided with a point; this representation is obviously not limiting since there are already multiple forms of depolarizer, each form being chosen, more or less empirically, as a function of multiple parameters: dimensions of the waveguide, expected operating frequencies, etc.
  • this motorization does not present any particular technical difficulty in itself, especially since only a small motor is sufficient since the movement is only thwarted by friction.
  • FIG. 4 A nonlimiting example of such an embodiment is drawn in perspective in FIG. 4 in which only the reception head (TR) of FIG. 1 is represented.
  • the references are the same as those in FIG. 2, namely: mobile depolarizer (POM), waveguide collector (COG), optional fixed depolarizer (POF), converter (CO).
  • POM mobile depolarizer
  • COG waveguide collector
  • POF optional fixed depolarizer
  • CO converter
  • the wings (AI) correspond to the fixing points on the fixing feet (PF in Figure 1).
  • the control motor (COM) is clamped directly to the body of the waveguide and a pinion (P) fixed on the motor axis engages a toothed sector (SD) integral with the mobile depolarizer (POM).
  • the motor is controlled from the interior selection equipment (reference ESC in FIG. 1) in a known manner.
  • the toothed sector (SD) is a preferred embodiment with a motor which rotates alternately in each of the two directions and which stops automatically when the pinion (P) arrives at the end of the toothed sector (SD) by detecting, for example , an over-consumption of electric current.
  • the toothed sector is in fact a toothed crown with a motor rotating in one direction and an adequate device for stopping the motor when the mobile depolarize reaches the desired position.
  • a receiving head according to the invention is very compact, even with a motor, so that its shadow cast on the parabolic reflector is extremely reduced.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
EP87201772A 1986-09-19 1987-09-16 Primär-Empfangseinheit für polarisierte Mikrowellen, Parabolantenne und Empfangsstelle mit solcher Einheit Expired - Lifetime EP0260766B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8613139A FR2604304B1 (fr) 1986-09-19 1986-09-19 Tete de reception pour micro-ondes polarisees, antenne parabolique et station de reception munies d'une telle tete de reception
FR8613139 1986-09-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0260766A1 true EP0260766A1 (de) 1988-03-23
EP0260766B1 EP0260766B1 (de) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=9339111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87201772A Expired - Lifetime EP0260766B1 (de) 1986-09-19 1987-09-16 Primär-Empfangseinheit für polarisierte Mikrowellen, Parabolantenne und Empfangsstelle mit solcher Einheit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4806945A (de)
EP (1) EP0260766B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS6382101A (de)
DE (1) DE3785120T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2604304B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0452022A1 (de) * 1990-04-09 1991-10-16 Plessey Semiconductors Limited Polarisieranordnung
GB9008033D0 (en) * 1990-04-09 1990-06-06 Marconi Electronic Devices Polariser arrangement
US5061037A (en) * 1990-10-22 1991-10-29 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual septum polarization rotator
US6121939A (en) * 1996-11-15 2000-09-19 Yagi Antenna Co., Ltd. Multibeam antenna
US6052099A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-04-18 Yagi Antenna Co., Ltd. Multibeam antenna
JP2002111303A (ja) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-12 Alps Electric Co Ltd 円偏波発生器
US7772940B2 (en) * 2008-05-16 2010-08-10 Optim Microwave, Inc. Rotatable polarizer device using a hollow dielectric tube and feed network using the same
KR101919581B1 (ko) 2011-03-09 2018-11-19 트라네 앤드 트라네 아/에스 회전형 디폴라라이저를 사용하여 직선형 편파 및 원형 편파를 절환하는 장치
US8643560B2 (en) 2011-03-11 2014-02-04 Optim Microwave, Inc. Rotatable polarizer/filter device and feed network using the same
US8653906B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2014-02-18 Optim Microwave, Inc. Opposed port ortho-mode transducer with ridged branch waveguide
US8994474B2 (en) 2012-04-23 2015-03-31 Optim Microwave, Inc. Ortho-mode transducer with wide bandwidth branch port
EP2943993B1 (de) * 2013-01-11 2017-02-01 Thrane & Thrane A/S Polarisator und verfahren zum betrieb des polarisators
JP2018087840A (ja) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-07 日本電信電話株式会社 光和演算装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2607849A (en) * 1943-10-02 1952-08-19 Edward M Purcell Control of polarization in wave guides and wave guide systems
US3215957A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-02 Bendix Corp Variable polarization for microwaves
US3720947A (en) * 1963-12-30 1973-03-13 Us Navy Polarization device for radar antenna
US3988732A (en) * 1965-12-22 1976-10-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy 3-Channel selectable polarization, target discrimination antenna

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4528528A (en) * 1982-04-02 1985-07-09 Boman Industries Waveguide polarization coupling
JPS5955601A (ja) * 1982-09-24 1984-03-30 Sony Corp １／４波長の遅相素子及び右旋−左旋円偏波切換装置
US4672388A (en) * 1984-06-15 1987-06-09 Fay Grim Polarized signal receiver waveguides and probe
US4613836A (en) * 1985-11-12 1986-09-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Device for switching between linear and circular polarization using rotation in an axis across a square waveguide
JPS62189801A (ja) * 1986-02-15 1987-08-19 Yokowo Mfg Co Ltd 円偏波および直線偏波切換装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2607849A (en) * 1943-10-02 1952-08-19 Edward M Purcell Control of polarization in wave guides and wave guide systems
US3215957A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-02 Bendix Corp Variable polarization for microwaves
US3720947A (en) * 1963-12-30 1973-03-13 Us Navy Polarization device for radar antenna
US3988732A (en) * 1965-12-22 1976-10-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy 3-Channel selectable polarization, target discrimination antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0260766B1 (de) 1993-03-31
FR2604304A1 (fr) 1988-03-25
JPS6382101A (ja) 1988-04-12
US4806945A (en) 1989-02-21
FR2604304B1 (fr) 1989-02-03
DE3785120T2 (de) 1993-09-30
DE3785120D1 (de) 1993-05-06

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