EP0260703A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer les pièces céramiques creuses par extrusion - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer les pièces céramiques creuses par extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0260703A1
EP0260703A1 EP87113654A EP87113654A EP0260703A1 EP 0260703 A1 EP0260703 A1 EP 0260703A1 EP 87113654 A EP87113654 A EP 87113654A EP 87113654 A EP87113654 A EP 87113654A EP 0260703 A1 EP0260703 A1 EP 0260703A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
extruded
air
walls
strand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87113654A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0260703B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Hartmann
Willi Kunkel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH
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Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH filed Critical Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH
Priority to AT87113654T priority Critical patent/ATE47350T1/de
Publication of EP0260703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0260703A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0260703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0260703B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/26—Extrusion dies
    • B28B3/269—For multi-channeled structures, e.g. honeycomb structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/248—Supports for drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing extruded ceramic molded articles according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • honeycomb catalysts are used in particular to remove nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases with ammonia gas (see, for example, DE-PS 26 58 539).
  • the known honeycomb catalysts are optimized in terms of their spatial shape in such a way that the open frontal surface formed from the channels with the hydraulic diameter of the channels and the exhaust gas velocity corresponds so that clogging of the channels by soot and / or dust is avoided and the denitrification can reach a maximum value.
  • a value of 80% has so far been determined as the limit value for the open frontal area because if this value were exceeded, the cell walls made of the ceramic material between two adjacent channels would no longer have sufficient mechanical strength.
  • the limit value for the open frontal area means a restriction with regard to the exhaust gas speed and the hydraulic diameter of the channels and thus with regard to the performance of the honeycomb catalyst.
  • honeycomb catalysts have been produced, the open frontal area of which is more than 80% of the total frontal area, the mechanical strength of the cell walls being sufficiently high and all the requirements imposed on the moldings being met.
  • An important problem is to ensure that the strand emerging freshly from the die of the extrusion press is treated in such a way that it does not deform.
  • This problem arises not only with honeycomb catalysts, but e.g. also for thin-walled multi-hole pipes, hollow bodies with thin-walled profiles such as special hollow bricks and catalyst supports for chemical processes with e.g. star-shaped or spoke-shaped cross sections.
  • a figurative ceramic mass is usually constructed in such a way that it is optimally plastic or figurative at the time of shaping and stiffens as quickly as possible after shaping, so that the shaped body can be handled after a short time.
  • the shaped body Before the so-called green stone strength stiffens or is reached, the shaped body has only the low strength which gives it the imaginable soft mass. So that no deformations caused by their own weight occur, dimensions of the shaped body had to be provided so far, which are not required for the shaped body after the stiffening and firing.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which or with the molded body with even thinner walls than was previously possible and can be produced with exact dimensions.
  • a device for producing extruded ceramic molded articles has, in addition to other known conventional devices, an extrusion press, of which only the outlet 5 with the mouthpiece 6 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the mouthpiece 6 is rectangular and has slots 7 which, crossing, are arranged in such a way that square island webs 8 remain between the slots. It is essential that the mouthpiece 6 is arranged with one of its tips 9 projecting vertically downwards.
  • a trough 10 adjoins the extrusion press, which has two inner walls 11 and 12 positioned in a V-shape relative to one another and form a longitudinal edge 13 in trough 10, which lies at the lowest point of the trough.
  • the gutter supports e.g. with supports 15 on a plate 14.
  • the groove 10 is placed in front of the mouthpiece in such a way that the tip 9 of the mouthpiece 6 is positioned somewhat above the longitudinal edge 13 and the groove 10 itself extends in the direction of the strand movement.
  • the inner walls 11 and 12 of the channel 10 have numerous small openings 16 and are part of a hollow body with outer walls 17 and longitudinal edge walls 18 and transverse edge walls 19. At least one outer wall 17 is equipped with a connection opening 20 for connecting an air line 21.
  • a fresh, cut-to-length, cross-sectionally shaped molded body 22 is suspended on an air cushion.
  • the air cushion is formed by compressed air, which is pressed through the pipeline 21 and 21 a into the cavity 23 of the channel hollow body.
  • the arrows 24 illustrate that the air exits from the openings 16 of the inner walls 11, 12 and forms an air cushion under the outer surfaces 25, 26 of the molded body 22, the thickness of which depends on the weight of the molded body and the dynamic Pressure of the air emerging from the openings 16.
  • the shaped body 22 is thereby suspended in the channel.
  • the spatial shape of the inner walls 11, 12 is expediently designed such that the molded body 22 is surrounded equidistantly on the outer surfaces 25, 26, i.e. that the air cushion has the same thickness everywhere. This also applies to other spatial shapes of the moldings.
  • the invention thus shows a way in which a fresh, ceramic blank with walls that are as thin as possible can be stored without it collapsing during storage immediately after extrusion under the effect of its own weight or being deformed by its own weight.
  • the reaction forces generated by the weight during storage are distributed over the outer walls of the molded body in such a way that the lowest possible surface pressure occurs.
  • the channel would be cylindrical and would surround the shaped body at least on one half of the cylinder. All possible shapes lying between a square and round or oval shaped body can be stored with an appropriately shaped channel on an air cushion which preferably surrounds the shaped body in half, ie if possible acts on half of its outer surface. The shaped body is stored on the air cushion until the mass is sufficiently stiffened and can be handled easily.
  • the channel (10) can be of any length; it can be divided into different segments in which the air can be supplied independently of one another.
  • the air in the individual segments can be supplied with different quantities, temperatures, pressures and speeds.
  • the strand emerging from the mouthpiece 6 is pushed directly onto the air cushion, on which it is advanced without contact. In this respect, no frictional forces can occur that can lead to deformations.
  • honeycomb catalysts whose open frontal area is more than 80% of the total frontal area and is preferably between 80 and 90% and the cell wall thicknesses are preferably between 0.6 and 1, 2 mm.
  • honeycomb bodies can be formed with channels which are square in cross section, the ratio between the wall thickness and the edge length preferably being 1: 7 to 1:14, in particular 1: 8 to 1:12.
  • the honeycomb bodies are preferably rectangular in cross section and are preferably 300 to 1200 mm or even up to 2000 mm long and have an edge length of preferably 100 to 300 mm.
  • the honeycomb bodies consist of cordierite and / or mullite and / or stoneware and / or aluminum oxide and carry on the surfaces and / or contain a catalytically active substance in the body.
  • honeycomb catalysts In the manufacture of such honeycomb catalysts, the constituents of the ceramic mass are ground to grain sizes below 0.18 mm or correspondingly fine raw materials are used. In addition, an unusually high ductility value of the mass according to peppercorn between 25 and 27 is set. An extruded with such thin walls of 0.4 to 1.2 mm, preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mm thick, relatively large honeycomb body blank with lengths of over 1000 mm and cross-sectional areas over 100 cm2 is very difficult and can not without conventional means Risk of deformation, especially caused by dead weight, stored or transported.
  • an air cushion which surrounds a shaped body which is quadrangular in cross-section on two adjacent side surfaces, preferably over the entire surface, the shaped body, with a longitudinal edge pointing vertically downward, being suspended on the air cushion.
  • a round shaped body preferably an air cushion is used which, viewed in cross-section of the molded body, surrounds at least a quarter-circle arc up to a semicircular arc.
  • the air cushion area is in any case chosen so large that the strand flowing out of the press is carried without deformation on the molded body, ie the weight of the molded body is distributed over the largest possible air cushion surface.
  • a channel which is appropriately dimensioned and dimensionally adapted to the shaped body and which has a smooth, perforated surface, preferably made of metal, is preferably used, air being pressed into the channel through the holes.
  • the channel surface is designed so that it surrounds at least a part of the lower surfaces of the molded body and an air cushion of approximately 0.1 to 3 mm between the wall of the channel and the outer wall of the molded body is formed.
  • the thickness of the air cushion is preferably approximately 1 to 1.5 mm.
  • a shaped body with a square cross-section is stored with a longitudinal edge protruding downwards, so that shaped bodies can also be stored if they are stored on one surface or their weight on only one surface would be effective, would collapse.
  • the same effect of the weight distribution results from the described support of an unstable honeycomb body which is round or oval in cross-section with an air cushion. It is advantageous to make the outer wall of a shaped body somewhat thicker than the cell walls. A ratio of the thickness of the outer wall to the thickness of the cell walls of 1.05: 2.5 is expedient.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 A ceramic molded body that can be produced by the method according to the invention with the device according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the quadrangular shaped body 1 shown in FIG. 3 contains a multiplicity of channels 2 of square cross section, which are separated from one another by cell walls 3.
  • the molded body has an outer wall 4.
  • the length l can be up to 2000 mm.
  • the external dimensions m and n of such a shaped body can be 100 to 300 mm.
  • the moldings are provided with a catalyst substance. They can contain a catalytically active substance in the body and / or be coated or soaked after the body has been fired. They are arranged in a larger number next to one another and at a distance one behind the other, for example in a flue gas stream, so that environmentally harmful substances can be converted into harmless substances.
  • the section shown in FIG. 4 from the front surface of a honeycomb catalytic converter 1 shows the wall thickness k of the walls 3 between the channels 2 and the edge length q of the preferably square channels.
  • the ratio k: q can be 1: 7 to 1:14.
  • the outer walls 4 are thicker than the cell walls 3.
  • the air cushion built up between the lower outer surfaces 25, 26 of the molded body 22 and the inner walls 11, 12 of the channel not only enables contactless advancement and storage of a molded body 22 which has not yet been adequately stiffened, but also favors the drying and cooling of these air-coated outer surfaces.
  • the length of the channel 10 can be selected such that several molded bodies 22 extruded one after the other can be stored or pushed further.
  • at least the part or segment of the trough 10 carrying the most stiffened shaped body can be moved by a parallel to the longitudinal edge 13 e.g. arranged on the plate 14 axis 29 can be pivoted.
  • a channel-shaped support plate is placed on the upper sides of the molded body 22. By swiveling the channel or the segment downward by approximately 180 °, the still sensitive molded body is transferred to the support plate (not shown) and can then be dried.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP87113654A 1986-09-19 1987-09-18 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer les pièces céramiques creuses par extrusion Expired EP0260703B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87113654T ATE47350T1 (de) 1986-09-19 1987-09-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung stranggepresster, hohlraeume aufweisender keramischer formkoerper.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3632321A DE3632321C1 (de) 1986-09-19 1986-09-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung stranggepresster,Hohlraeume aufweisender keramischer Formkoerper
DE3632321 1986-09-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0260703A1 true EP0260703A1 (fr) 1988-03-23
EP0260703B1 EP0260703B1 (fr) 1989-10-18

Family

ID=6310170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87113654A Expired EP0260703B1 (fr) 1986-09-19 1987-09-18 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer les pièces céramiques creuses par extrusion

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0260703B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE47350T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3632321C1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003082537A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'une structure en nid d'abeille
DE10252073B4 (de) * 2001-11-09 2010-01-14 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Herstellverfahren und Trocknungsvorrichtung für eine keramische Wabenform
WO2023096781A1 (fr) * 2021-11-29 2023-06-01 Corning Incorporated Procédés et systèmes pour raidir des extrudats

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19838075C1 (de) * 1998-08-21 1999-10-14 Klinkerriemchenwerk Feldhaus G Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung abgewinkelter Formkörper

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US898775A (en) * 1908-04-14 1908-09-15 Edwin Norton Air conveyer.
DE3344267A1 (de) * 1982-10-30 1984-06-20 Hitachi Kiden Kogyo K.K., Amagasaki Foerderer, insbesondere mit luftkissen und linearmotor
EP0196791A1 (fr) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-08 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Filière de boudineuse pour extruder des corps à structure alvéolaire
DE3512584A1 (de) * 1985-04-06 1986-10-30 Frank, Gabriele, 6333 Braunfels Anlage zum pneumatischen schwebefoerdern, stueckartige gueter

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2019977C3 (de) * 1970-04-24 1979-02-15 Rosenthal Ag, 8672 Selb Abstütz- und Abnahmevorrichtung für im Strangpreßverfahren hergestellte Preßlinge in Form von Stäben, Rohren oder Bändern aus plastischem keramischem Material
US3930522A (en) * 1973-05-02 1976-01-06 General Refractories Company Structural ceramic article and method of making same
JPS5277878A (en) * 1975-12-24 1977-06-30 Ngk Insulators Ltd Method of removing nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US898775A (en) * 1908-04-14 1908-09-15 Edwin Norton Air conveyer.
DE3344267A1 (de) * 1982-10-30 1984-06-20 Hitachi Kiden Kogyo K.K., Amagasaki Foerderer, insbesondere mit luftkissen und linearmotor
EP0196791A1 (fr) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-08 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Filière de boudineuse pour extruder des corps à structure alvéolaire
DE3512584A1 (de) * 1985-04-06 1986-10-30 Frank, Gabriele, 6333 Braunfels Anlage zum pneumatischen schwebefoerdern, stueckartige gueter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Soviet Inventions Illustrated, Sektion P,Q; Woche 84/22, 11. Juli 1984 Derwent Publications Ltd., London P 64 * SU-1 038 879 (Mosc Eng Cons Inst) * *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10252073B4 (de) * 2001-11-09 2010-01-14 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Herstellverfahren und Trocknungsvorrichtung für eine keramische Wabenform
WO2003082537A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'une structure en nid d'abeille
EP1500481A1 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2005-01-26 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Procede de fabrication d'une structure en nid d'abeille
EP1500481A4 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2005-12-14 Ngk Insulators Ltd Procede de fabrication d'une structure en nid d'abeille
US7431873B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2008-10-07 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method for manufacturing honeycomb structure
WO2023096781A1 (fr) * 2021-11-29 2023-06-01 Corning Incorporated Procédés et systèmes pour raidir des extrudats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE47350T1 (de) 1989-11-15
EP0260703B1 (fr) 1989-10-18
DE3632321C1 (de) 1987-12-03

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