EP0258820B1 - Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Schüttgut in einem Bunker - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Schüttgut in einem Bunker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0258820B1
EP0258820B1 EP87112450A EP87112450A EP0258820B1 EP 0258820 B1 EP0258820 B1 EP 0258820B1 EP 87112450 A EP87112450 A EP 87112450A EP 87112450 A EP87112450 A EP 87112450A EP 0258820 B1 EP0258820 B1 EP 0258820B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
openings
bunker
filling level
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87112450A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0258820A1 (de
Inventor
Hans Dr. Brehm
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0258820A1 publication Critical patent/EP0258820A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/80—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis
    • B01F25/82—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis uniting flows of material taken from different parts of a receptacle or from a set of different receptacles
    • B01F25/821—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis uniting flows of material taken from different parts of a receptacle or from a set of different receptacles by means of conduits having inlet openings at different levels
    • B01F25/8211—Falling particle mixers, e.g. with repeated agitation along a vertical axis uniting flows of material taken from different parts of a receptacle or from a set of different receptacles by means of conduits having inlet openings at different levels by means of a central conduit or central set of conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71805—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
    • B01F35/718051—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings being adjustable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing pourable bulk material in a bunker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is generally known from DE-C-560659.
  • this device comprises a four-chamber silo with a central mixing tube in which three openings, each with four inlets, are provided. Through these four inlets, the product runs into the mixing tube in order to be removed via a discharge device. Sliders are provided on the inlets on the mixing tube, which are operated by hand. The product is therefore removed from four cells and the mixing tube is filled in an uncontrolled manner, and it can also happen that it is overfilled. When the mixing tube is full, the product can only enter the mixing tube through the top opening or the four uppermost inlets, because the material located further down in the mixing tube prevents the product from entering the opening or inlets located below. Therefore, a uniform mixed quality cannot be achieved with this device.
  • So-called static mixers can be used for mixing bulk material, in which the substances to be mixed are stored one after the other from above and drawn off simultaneously from different heights via corresponding channels in order to be fed to a common outlet.
  • it is known from German utility model DE-U-8436847 to provide on a pipe coaxially arranged in the bunker a series of openings distributed over the entire length of the pipe, through which various parts of the bulk material flow to the outlet and flow and flow Mix in the outlet.
  • a mixer known from DE-B-1217756 works according to a similar principle, in which a height-staggered series of discharge openings are formed in the bunker by means of a plurality of coaxial tubes, through which various parts of the bulk material flow, which unite in a discharge part.
  • a disadvantage of this type of mixer is that the interior of the tube or tubes fills when no bulk material is removed, i.e. when the slide attached to the bottom of the bunker is closed. While the interior of the pipe or pipes fills up in this way, the mixing process and therefore the composition of the mixed bulk material changes, since this comes from layers that are always higher in the bunker when the filling level in the pipe or pipes rises.
  • Such a type of mixer is therefore unsuitable for being operated in batches, it must be operated continuously, and the bulk material must be withdrawn faster than it flows through the pipe or pipes, in order to prevent this or these from moving to fill.
  • Pipes of a similar type are known in a bunker in connection with circulation by an air stream from US-3258252 and DE-B-1177458. From DE-B-1177458 it is also known to close the openings of the tube when the air flow is stopped and to remove the tube after the mixing process in order to pull bulk material out of the bunker.
  • the device according to US-A-3258252 has the disadvantage that it requires a supply of compressed air to operate.
  • this device cannot be operated in batches, i.e. it cannot be operated at all other than continuously, since otherwise the bulk material settles in the lower part of the device and cannot get back into the mixing circuit from there.
  • the device according to DE-B-1177458 has the same disadvantage, namely that it requires a supply of compressed air for its operation, the further disadvantage that it has to be operated in batches, i.e. it cannot be operated continuously at all since the pipe has to be removed to pull off the bulk material.
  • Another disadvantage of this device is that the bulk goods must be removed completely from the bunker before the pipe can be reinserted into the bunker.
  • the device according to the invention it is achieved that a standing column of bulk material can never form in the interior of the mixing tube when the operation is stopped: the flow of the bulk material is namely stopped at the openings of the mixing tube, the bulk material contained in the interior of the mixing tube still can flow freely to the collecting funnel. For this reason, the effectiveness of the device (the "intensity" of mixing) remains the same whether the operation is continuous or batch-wise, and there are no temporary changes when the operation is stopped or resumed.
  • the effectiveness of the device is independent of the properties of the bulk material and in particular of its segregation and flow properties, because the flow of the bulk material at the openings of the mixing tube is automatically throttled when the bulk material begins to accumulate in the lower collecting funnel, so that also because of this, it can never form a standing column of bulk material inside the mixing tube.
  • the proportions of the simultaneous and regular removal of bulk goods from the various altitudes in the bunker always remain unchanged, both when the rate at which the bulk goods are withdrawn from the bunker is changed and when the properties of the bulk goods are changed on purpose or unintentionally. Production fluctuations which influence the bulk material therefore have no significant influence on the effectiveness of the device according to the invention when mixing free-flowing bulk material. It also follows from this that the device according to the invention is capable, with approximately the same effectiveness, of being applied to different substances with different bulk densities and grain sizes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of a device according to the invention in longitudinal section, the closed or open position of a closure member being illustrated on the left or right half of the longitudinal section.
  • a bunker 1 contains a free-flowing bulk material 2 that is to be mixed when it is drawn off.
  • the bulk material was filled in different batches with different properties, these batches are stacked on top of each other in the bunker and a homogeneously mixed composition is to be achieved when they are removed.
  • the bunker 1 is, for example, essentially cylindrical and is provided with a coaxially arranged conical base 3 and with a cover 15.
  • An outlet part 4 is arranged below the conical base 3, adjoining it and coaxially with it.
  • the outlet part 4 as shown, has a collecting funnel 5 in its lower part.
  • two level sensors 6 and 7 are arranged at the outlet part 4.
  • the fill level sensor 6 senses the exceeding of an upper limit of the fill level of the bulk material in the collecting funnel 5, and the fill level sensor 7 senses the falling below a lower limit of the fill level of the bulk material in the collecting funnel 5.
  • a fill level sensor 8 which senses when an upper limit of the fill level of the bulk material in the bunker 1 is exceeded.
  • the level sensors 6, 7 and 8 work together with a control device 9 and an actuator 10 of a closure member 11, which is explained in more detail below.
  • Such fill level sensors, control devices and control elements are known per se and can be operated, for example, electrically or pneumatically. In the example of the device shown, these elements are operated electrically.
  • the arrow and path 12 indicate that the free-flowing bulk material 2 is fed to the bunker 1 at the upper part of the bunker 1, while the arrow and path 13 indicate that the free-flowing bulk material 2 from the bunker 1 at the lower part of the collecting funnel 5 is removed or flows off there.
  • a mixing tube 14 is arranged essentially at the entire height of the bunker 1 and coaxially with it, which is connected at its upper end to the cover 15 and at its lower end to the lower part of the conical bottom 3 of the bunker 1.
  • This mixing tube 14 has uniformly staggered openings 16, which are arranged, for example, spirally along the mixing tube 14, the bottom opening essentially at the conical bottom 3 of the bunker 1 and the top opening essentially somewhat higher than the fill level sensor 8, i.e. in the vicinity of the Lid 15 are arranged.
  • the openings 16 can be circular or substantially vertical slits, or any other suitable shape such as elliptical.
  • the closure element 11 already mentioned is arranged inside the mixing tube 14 or outside around the mixing tube 14. It is actuated by the actuator 10 already mentioned in order to controllably open or close the openings 16.
  • the preferred variant consists in arranging the closure member 11 in the interior of the mixing tube 14.
  • the closure member 11 is designed as a tube or as a ring segment which is arranged in and concentric with the mixing tube 14 and can be rotated therein by means of the actuator 10.
  • the tube can also be made in one piece or composed of a stack of ring segments fastened to one another.
  • the tubular closure member 11 has openings 17 which match and align in pairs with the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14 at a certain rotational position of the closure member 11, so that the free-flowing bulk material 2 in this rotational position of the closure member 11 through the openings 16 and 17 into the interior of the Pipe pair 11, 14 and can flow towards the axis thereof, which is shown with the reference numeral 2 '.
  • closure member 11 If the closure member 11 is rotated from this "open” position by means of the actuator 10, this acts like a slide, i.e. the free cross section of the pair of openings 16, 17 is reduced and therefore only a smaller flow of free-flowing bulk material 2 can flow in this new rotational position of the closure member 11 through the openings 16 and 17 into the interior of the pair of tubes 11, 14 towards the axis thereof. With further rotation of the closure member 11 by means of the actuator 10, a position is finally reached in which no free cross section of the openings 16 remains, i.e. the openings 16 are closed and no bulk material 2 flows off.
  • the control device 9 and the actuator 10 can interact with the closure member 11 in such a way that rotational positions of the closure member 11 are provided between two end positions, corresponding to the intermediate positions between the "open” and "closed” positions.
  • a variant of this training is shown on the left half of the figure.
  • the closure member 11 is moved vertically in the mixing tube 14 instead of being rotated therein as in the variant described above.
  • the closure member 11 On the right half of the figure, the closure member 11 is shown in its highest position in the mixing tube 14, while on the left half of the figure it is shown in the lowest position in the mixing tube 14. It can be seen that the relevant openings 16 'and 17' in this lowest position of the closure member 11 in the mixing tube 14 no longer coincide and are aligned, i.e. the openings 16 'are closed and no bulk material 2 flows off.
  • the control device 9 and the actuator 10 can cooperate with the closure member 11 such that the position of the closure member 11 is adjustable between two end positions, which corresponds to the intermediate positions between the "open” and "closed” positions.
  • the vertically moving closure member 11 can be limited to the effective parts thereof, that is to say to cylindrical sectors of the tube which are just a little wider than the openings 17, so that these cylindrical sectors of the closure member 11 are formed approximately like perforated channels .
  • such cylindrical sectors of the closure member 11 can be guided in the interior of the mixing tube 14 by rails which are fastened, for example, on the inside of the mixing tube 14.
  • such cylindrical sectors of the closure member 11 are preferably connected to one another by rods or struts, so that the sectors and the struts together form a framework that can be lowered into the mixing tube 14 from above and moved therein.
  • the closure member 11 ultimately consists of a framework which carries elements which, in relation to the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14, act like the movable part of a slide in relation to its fixed part.
  • the simplest cylindrical or prismatic shape can be given to the edge of the openings 16 and 17 or 16 'and 17', ie the surface surrounding these openings.
  • Such a shape can, for example, be frustoconical or truncated pyramid-shaped over part of the circumference or over the entire circumference, this shape tapering preferably on the mixing tubes (14) towards the closure element (11) and on the closure element (11) towards the mixing tube (14) .
  • the bulk material 2 flows or trickles through all openings 16 when these are partially or completely released by the closure member 11.
  • the bulk material 2 stored in the bunker 1 is therefore withdrawn from all its layers or altitudes, at 2 'the bulk material flows in free fall as a uniform flow through the mixing tube 14.
  • intensive longitudinal mixing results from the fact that the bulk material is drawn off in the vicinity of the axis of the bunker 1 and thereby trickles radially from the periphery.
  • the fact that there is also a shift in height is reinforced by the combination of longitudinal and transverse mixing.
  • the level sensors 6, 7 and 8, the control device 9, the actuator 10 and the closure member 11 work together in a control loop in order to adjust the flow of the bulk material 2 through the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14.
  • the flow is switched off when the fill level of the bulk material 2 in the collecting funnel 5 exceeds an upper limit sensed by the fill level sensor 6, the bulk material 2 'contained in the interior of the mixing tube 14' being able to flow freely to the collecting funnel 5.
  • the flow is again permitted through the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14 when the fill level of the bulk material 2 in the collecting funnel 5 falls below a lower limit sensed by the fill level sensor 7.
  • the fill level sensor 8 acts with the aid of a device known per se and therefore not shown on the supply of the bulk material 2 to the bunker 1 at the upper part of the bunker 1 indicated by the arrow and path 12, in order to switch off this supply when the fill level of the bulk material 2 in the bunker 1 exceeds an upper limit sensed by the fill level sensor 8.
  • the bulk material 2 ′ contained in the interior of the mixing tube 14 can always flow freely to the collecting funnel 5.
  • the effectiveness of the device (the "intensity" of mixing) thus remains the same whether the operation is continuous or batch-wise, and there are no temporary changes when the operation is stopped or resumed.
  • the flow of the bulk material 2 through the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14 can be controlled progressively, instead of being switched off or released according to a two-point control.
  • a variant is well known in control engineering and it is known to the person skilled in the art to select and arrange the suitable level sensors on the collecting funnel 5 in order to adjust the position of the closure member 11 and thus the flow of the bulk material 2 through the openings 16 of the mixing tube 14 in accordance with the level of the bulk material 2 to regulate proportionally in the collecting funnel 5, for example.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
EP87112450A 1986-09-03 1987-08-27 Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Schüttgut in einem Bunker Expired - Lifetime EP0258820B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3566/86A CH670440A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1986-09-03 1986-09-03
CH3566/86 1986-09-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0258820A1 EP0258820A1 (de) 1988-03-09
EP0258820B1 true EP0258820B1 (de) 1991-10-30

Family

ID=4258766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87112450A Expired - Lifetime EP0258820B1 (de) 1986-09-03 1987-08-27 Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Schüttgut in einem Bunker

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0258820B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH670440A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3774216D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE560659C (de) * 1930-12-16 1932-10-05 Chemische Ind Silo
DE1177458B (de) * 1958-02-10 1964-09-03 Ici Ltd Mischvorrichtung
GB1060610A (en) * 1962-12-18 1967-03-08 Basf Ag Continuous mixing of bulk solids
US3258252A (en) * 1964-12-17 1966-06-28 Union Carbide Corp Apparatus for blending free-flowing granular materials
DE2518420A1 (de) * 1975-04-25 1976-11-11 Buettner Schilde Haas Ag Einrichtung zum mischen von fliessfaehigen koernigen oder pulverfoermigen schuettguetern
DE3512538A1 (de) * 1984-12-15 1986-06-19 AVT Anlagen- und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH, 7981 Vogt Einrichtung zum mischen von schuettgut

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3774216D1 (de) 1991-12-05
CH670440A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-06-15
EP0258820A1 (de) 1988-03-09

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