EP0258731B1 - Verfahren zum Kunststoffbeschichten und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Beschichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Kunststoffbeschichten und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Beschichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0258731B1
EP0258731B1 EP87111928A EP87111928A EP0258731B1 EP 0258731 B1 EP0258731 B1 EP 0258731B1 EP 87111928 A EP87111928 A EP 87111928A EP 87111928 A EP87111928 A EP 87111928A EP 0258731 B1 EP0258731 B1 EP 0258731B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
basis
layers
partial
covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87111928A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0258731A3 (en
EP0258731A2 (de
Inventor
Volkmar Dipl.-Ing. Eigenbrod
Hans-Jürgen Dr.Dipl.-Ing. Hendriock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eigenbrod Volkmar
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Eigenbrod Volkmar
Hoechst AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eigenbrod Volkmar, Hoechst AG filed Critical Eigenbrod Volkmar
Publication of EP0258731A2 publication Critical patent/EP0258731A2/de
Publication of EP0258731A3 publication Critical patent/EP0258731A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0258731B1 publication Critical patent/EP0258731B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
    • B05D5/086—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers having an anchoring layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/04—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying involving the use of an electrostatic field
    • B05D1/06—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/08—Flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for plastic coating of high temperature-resistant surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a coating produced by the method according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • fluoroplastics have a permeability to gases, liquids and solutions, which is very pronounced with many fluoroplastics.
  • This permeability which is very disadvantageous for use as a coating material, decreases rapidly with increasing layer thickness and becomes practically meaningless for thicker layers. For this reason, relatively high layer thicknesses are sought when coating with fluoroplastics, if an attack on the substrate is to be prevented in the case of aggressive gases, liquids or solutions.
  • the layers cannot be made as thick as desired, since the material-specific properties of the plastics, in particular the fluoroplastics, have to be taken into account; in addition, thicker layers are associated with considerable additional costs. Electrostatic application of the fluoroplastics has proven successful in powder coatings, although the plastic has an insulating effect from a certain layer thickness and is only melted. The difficulties arise with powder coatings because the fluoroplastic follows the gravitational laws during sintering, ie in its melting phase, from a certain thickness of the layer and flows away from the base material. To counteract this, it is necessary to rotate the parts to be coated when the fluoroplastic layers are melted in the furnace.
  • FR-A-23 40 140 describes a method for producing thin coatings by electrostatically applying powdered plastic layers arranged one above the other.
  • the coating applied first is at least partially melted and immediately before the Applying a second layer maintained at a temperature below the melting point of the material of the second layer. At the end of the coating process, the entire previously applied coating is melted again. This method is therefore also unsuitable for preventing gravitational drainage.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a method with which coatings of any thickness which prevent permeability-related influences can be applied or produced in an economical manner.
  • this object is achieved in that fluorothermoplastics are applied in layers, each cover layer built up on a base layer consisting of at least two partial layers and, starting from the base layer, the melting temperature of the layer material decreases outwardly from layer to layer, while the flowability increases, but at least equally is.
  • Compliance with an outflow limit can be achieved, for example, by varying the processing temperature which, during the application of the subsequent layer, is kept below the limit which causes a gravitational outflow for the preceding layer.
  • the invention is therefore based on the idea that when the subsequent layer is applied by powder coating, the fluidity, i.e. to reduce the flow behavior in the melt, the preceding layer or the preceding layers to such an extent that their gravitational drainage is not possible. Consequently, materials with such different flow properties can be used for the base layer and the top layers that the previous layer does not flow off even when working at the same processing temperature above the melting point of the materials, which could then be the same for all materials.
  • fluorine thermoplastics that can be processed from the melt be used for the base layer and the cover layers such that the material of the respective top cover layer is at least 10 ° C. has a lower melting point and a higher fluidity compared to the fluorothermoplastic of the layer underneath.
  • the processing temperature of the last sub-layer of the respective upper layer can be below the melting point of the material of the layer below it, so that even with relatively small differences in processing temperatures of, for example, little more than 10 ° C., fusing and film formation with the following Layer is reached.
  • the fluidity of the respective upper layer can then be higher or approximately equal to that of the lower layer at a given processing temperature. This makes it possible to choose a sufficiently large difference in processing temperatures, even with materials with approximately the same flow, so that the melting point when the second sub-layer of the respective upper layer is applied is sufficiently far below the melting point of the layer underneath and there is no outflow .
  • Ceramic or metallic intermediate layers can thus be applied before the application of the base layer, for example by flame spraying or by electrochemical means or by scattering and sintering powders.
  • An improvement in adhesion can also be achieved, for example, by adhesion-promoting intermediate layers made of chromates or phosphates, furthermore by etching the substrate with acids or by electrochemical means.
  • a conventional primer layer composed of a fluorothermoplastic, preferably that of the base layer, and an adhesion promoter, such as, for example, lithium polysilicate or chromic acid and / or phosphoric acid, can be applied to the substrate from a dispersion, dried and optionally baked before the base layer is built up .
  • an adhesion promoter such as, for example, lithium polysilicate or chromic acid and / or phosphoric acid
  • all temperature-resistant pigments can be added to the powder coating material.
  • mechanical reinforcing additives or additives that increase hardness and abrasion resistance can also be used, ie added, for example carbon fibers, glass fibers or glass balls.
  • a two-stage structure can be built up to a thickness of the coating which is almost double that of the known coatings and thus considerably improve the laying time.
  • even complicated structures can be thickly coated without additional effort; in addition, the coating is vacuum-resistant even at high temperatures, while the adhesive separates from linings.
  • Fluoroplastics or such fluoropolymers are suitable as fluoroplastics, from which the required powder coating materials of different flow properties can be selected at a given processing temperature. which behave predominantly thermoplastic, insofar as they can be processed from the melt, that is to say can be shaped by conventional molding processes for thermoplastics, such as, for example, calendering, injection molding or extrusion, and which can also form a closed film from the melt.
  • Such fluorothermoplastics that can be processed from the melt have a melt viscosity of usually less than 1. 106 Pa s and differ in this from polytetrafluoroethylene and its modified variants, which has such a high melt viscosity that processing from the melt is not possible.
  • Fluorothermoplastics that can be processed from the melt can be, for example, homopolymers, such as, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride or preferably polychlorotrifluoroethylene.
  • the materials required for powder coating can be copolymers, especially those which, in addition to TFE or CTFE, also contain at least one additional ethylenically unsaturated monomer in sufficient quantity to ensure processability from the melt.
  • suitable pairs can also be selected in large numbers for application as a base and top layer with a lower and higher fluidity at a given processing temperature or with a higher and a lower melting point.
  • These can be fluorothermoplastics, which are composed of different types of comonomers, whereby - without being limited to this - the following pairs, for example, can form the base and cover layers:
  • fluorothermoplastics which have the same comonomer units, but in different molar proportions, as a result of which a different melting point or different fluidity is also set.
  • these are ter and quater polymers of the TFE / E or CTFE / E type with contents of 20 to 60 mol% of TFE or CTFE and 40 to 60 mol% of E, in which the proportion of the third (or optionally the third and fourth) comonomers can be varied in a range from 0.5 to 30 mol%.
  • terpolymers can be obtained which have the qualitative composition TFE / E / HFP, but which have melting points of, for example, 200 ° C., 240 ° C. and 270 ° C. by changing the HFP content; these materials can be combined by powder coating in the production of two-layer or three-layer systems according to the invention, a copolymer with a lower melting point being applied to the preceding layer.
  • Such combinations of ter- and quaterpolymers of the TFE / E and CTFE / E types with different contents of third and optionally fourth comonomers represent a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • fluorothermoplastics of the same composition and melting point, but of different molecular weight and fluidity can also be used in the process according to the invention, the layer closer to the substrate having the higher molecular weight and thus the lower fluidity.
  • fluorothermoplastics of the same composition but different molecular weights are selected, with each material having a melting point and a lower molecular weight that is at least 10 ° C. lower in the direction of the uppermost cover layer, starting from the base layer.
  • a metallic component to be coated e.g. a sheet metal, a connecting element such as a bolt or a screw, described in more detail, wherein pretreatment according to a) means in particular annealing, then sandblasting or flame spraying and the subsequent preheating of the metallic part.
  • the metal surface is made completely free of grease; the metallic materials to be coated are then only touched with cotton gloves.
  • Sandblasting can be done with a corundum, whereby the blasting agent should be pure; alternatively, the surface can be flame sprayed.
  • the surface of the base material can be improved by working with sleeping paper, since any existing material tips will be sanded off.
  • Preheating the workpiece supports the intimate connection of the workpiece with the first partial layer of the base layer applied to the hot workpiece in accordance with b).
  • the coating material can, for example, be applied electrostatically with a powder gun or by melting. The sintering of the first sub-layer according to c) should take about 45 minutes.
  • the thickness of each sub-layer being able to correspond to the total thickness divided by the number of stages, until the final.
  • Layer thickness sintered for about 45 minutes after each partial layer.
  • the first partial layer of the top layer having a lower melting point is applied to the base layer and fused to the base layer at a temperature above the melting temperature of the base layer.
  • the gradual application of the top layer according to f) corresponds to the steps described under d) for applying the base layer, but with the difference that the partial layers of the top layer are melted at a temperature below the melting temperature of the base layer.
  • a coating for a metallic component of the details The surface of a base material 1, which is completely fat-free by annealing and brought to a roughness depth of 5 to 10 ⁇ m by sandblasting, is protected by a coating 2, which consists of a base layer 3 and a cover layer 4 located thereon.
  • Both the base layer and the top layer 3, 4 have been applied in several partial layers, a copolymer being used for the base layer in the example shown, which consists of tetrafluoroethylene, ethylene and hexafluoropropylene and has a melting point of 267 ° C .; a copolymer is used for the top layer, which also consists of tetrafluoroethylene, ethylene and hexafluoropropylene, but has a melting point of 200 ° C.
  • the base layer 3 is composed of three sub-layers 5 to 7 and the cover layer 4 of four sub-layers 8 to 11.
  • the thickness of the three-stage is Base layer 3 a total of 750 ⁇ m, ie each sub-layer 5 to 7 is 250 ⁇ m thick, while the cover layer 4 with a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m is composed of four sub-layers 8 to 11 of 250 ⁇ m each.
  • the loss of a possible fourth sub-layer of the base layer 3 has been accepted in order to almost double the total thickness of the coating 2 compared to known coatings by replacing a fourth sub-layer of the base layer 3 with the first sub-layer 8 of the cover layer 4 made of a material with an opposite Base layer 3 occurs lower melting point and increasing, at least approximately the same fluidity. It is then possible to prevent the inevitable gravitational flow of the coating material following a fourth sub-layer of the base layer 3, because when the sub-layers 9 to 11 are fused, the temperature is below the melting temperature of the base layer 3 and thus prevents a melt flow of the base layer 3 becomes.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
EP87111928A 1986-08-23 1987-08-18 Verfahren zum Kunststoffbeschichten und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Beschichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0258731B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863628670 DE3628670A1 (de) 1986-08-23 1986-08-23 Verfahren zum kunststoffbeschichten und nach dem verfahren hergestellte beschichtung
DE3628670 1986-08-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0258731A2 EP0258731A2 (de) 1988-03-09
EP0258731A3 EP0258731A3 (en) 1988-09-21
EP0258731B1 true EP0258731B1 (de) 1992-04-29

Family

ID=6308038

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87111928A Expired - Lifetime EP0258731B1 (de) 1986-08-23 1987-08-18 Verfahren zum Kunststoffbeschichten und nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Beschichtung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4999221A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0258731B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS63100985A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3628670A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2030686T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19935721A1 (de) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Volkmar Eigenbrod Hochtemperaturbeständiger Schichtverbund

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DE3941849A1 (de) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-20 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur pulverbeschichtung mit fluorthermoplasten
DE4127341C2 (de) * 1991-08-19 2000-03-09 Leybold Ag Vorrichtung zum selbsttätigen Gießen, Beschichten, Lackieren, Prüfen und Sortieren von Werkstücken
US5993906A (en) * 1993-06-23 1999-11-30 Cambridge Industries, Inc. Edge seal process and product
US5674565A (en) * 1993-06-23 1997-10-07 Cambridge Industries, Inc. Liquid thermoset sealers and sealing process for molded plastics
EP0836692A4 (en) * 1995-07-20 1998-10-21 Hall Co W E STEEL PIPE PROVIDED WITH A SOLIDLY FORMED SHEATH AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
WO1999007552A1 (fr) * 1997-08-12 1999-02-18 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Article revetu de copolymere fluore
US6146709A (en) * 1998-07-15 2000-11-14 Institute Of Gas Technolgy Method for application of protective polymer coating
US6429249B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-08-06 Nexpress Solutions Llc Fluorocarbon thermoplastic random copolymer composition
US6372833B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-04-16 Nexpress Solutions Llc Fluorocarbon thermoplastic random copolymer composition curable at low temperatures
US6444741B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-09-03 Nexpress Solutions Llc Method of preparing thermoplastic random copolymer composition containing zinc oxide and aminosiloxane
US6696158B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-02-24 Nexpress Solutions Llc Fuser member with fluorocarbon thermoplastics coating
US6361829B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-03-26 Jiann H. Chen Method of coating fuser member with thermoplastic containing zinc oxide and aminosiloxane
US6416819B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-07-09 Nex Press Solutions Llc Method of preparing low-temperature-cure polymer composition
US7048970B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2006-05-23 Eastman Kodak Company Method of curing a fuser member overcoat at low temperatures
US6355352B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-03-12 Nexpress Solutions Llc Fuser member with low-temperature-cure overcoat
DE10159394A1 (de) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-12 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Füllstandsmessgerät
US20070054052A1 (en) * 2005-06-01 2007-03-08 Gregory Alaimo Fluoropolymer coating compositions for threaded fasteners
US8729186B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-05-20 Dow Global Technologies Llc Polymerization process to make low density polyethylene
US9751107B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2017-09-05 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Two-coat single cure powder coating
CN104204295A (zh) 2012-03-21 2014-12-10 威士伯采购公司 双涂层单一固化粉末涂料
CN111218172B (zh) * 2020-01-23 2022-07-19 广东省建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司 一种从源头消除重金属铬和VOCs污染的复合涂层及制备方法

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CA702044A (en) * 1965-01-19 J. Nagel Fritz Coating by sequential immersion in fluidized beds
US3207358A (en) * 1961-07-27 1965-09-21 Gen Electric Water storage tanks and methods of making the same
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19935721A1 (de) * 1999-07-29 2001-02-08 Volkmar Eigenbrod Hochtemperaturbeständiger Schichtverbund
DE19935721C2 (de) * 1999-07-29 2003-08-28 Rhenotherm Kunststoffbeschicht Hochtemperaturbeständiger Schichtverbund

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3628670A1 (de) 1988-02-25
EP0258731A3 (en) 1988-09-21
ES2030686T3 (es) 1992-11-16
JPS63100985A (ja) 1988-05-06
US4999221A (en) 1991-03-12
DE3628670C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-06-01
EP0258731A2 (de) 1988-03-09

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