EP0256441A2 - Glazed building element - Google Patents

Abstract

A glazed building element, such as a window or door, has a reversible glass pane arrangement composed of a polygonal, especially rectangular, fixed frame (114) and of a first movable frame (112) pivotable in the fixed frame (114) around an axis parallel to one edge between a first fixable sealing position and a second fixable sealing position. Operating mechanisms are disclosed for fixing and/or sealing the movable frame (112) in its two fixable positions. In a window for example, a second movable frame (212) is laterally hinged to the fixed frame (114) by a pivot bearing device that allows the plane of the second movable frame (212) to be shifted in relation to the first movable frame (212) and to the fixed frame (114). Alternatively, in doors for example, the first frame with the second frame set therein forms a pivotable unit within a fixed frame, the first frame being mounted with strap hinges on a longitudinal edge of the fixed frame, in such a way that the operating fitting is used for fixing the second frame.

Description

The invention relates to a glazed component, in particular windows, but alternatively also a door, with a reversible glass pane arrangement, consisting of a polygonal, in particular rectangular fixed frame and a fixed frame around an axis parallel to an edge, such as. B. a rectangular center line from a first, fixable, sealed position by 180 ° in a second, fixable, sealed position pivotable movable frame (casement), and with actuators for fixing and / or sealing in the two positions.

Such a glazed component is already known in the form of a window from the "bauplan" magazine, International Technical Economic Journal, published on July 4, 1986, pages 206, 207. With one fixable position, solar heat can be gained (and room heat retained) in winter, while in the other fixable position in summer a large part of the heat radiation that otherwise penetrates through the window can be prevented. This window has advantages over the standard double-glazed "normal window" because this "normal window" still represents a "weak point" in the thermal insulation of the building with regard to its heat transfer values. The "heat gain" that is often not desired in the warm season is offset by heat loss in this normal window during the heating season. Although the development of thermal insulation glazing significantly reduced the heat losses through the glazing of windows, "summer thermal insulation" (unless roller shutters, blinds or curtains were used as aids, but which limited the amount of daylight) remained a problem. DE-Gbm 85 08 040 describes something similar.

Due to the rotatable reversible sash element described in the magazine mentioned, undesired solar thermal energy is reduced in the summer position by means of an outward-reflecting layer of triple glazing, while a 180 ° turn of the window sash for the winter position results in a reduction in the emission of radiant heat in the room via the reflection layer then facing the interior, whereby the thermal insulation of the window becomes almost as good as that of the wall, which both counteracts the winter heat losses and achieves summer heat protection at high outside temperatures. This design, which comes from the applicant, enables the heating requirement to be reduced by up to 80%. As stated in the publication, the special glazing and the possibility of turning by 180 ° enable two functions to be carried out simultaneously:

In a winter position, thermal use means that the long-wave rays of the sun are converted into heat by the glazing. This heating takes place on the pane facing the room. From a light irradiation of almost 25 W / m², a pane surface temperature of over 20 ° C is reached. In this state, the window is thermally neutral, i. that is, there are no more heat losses. If there is a higher level of radiation, the window acts as a radiator. The excess heat is available to the room, the output of the installed heating can be reduced. This turns the window, which was previously considered a poor physical component, into a radiator.

This situation, which is ideal for winter, is not ideal in summer. Due to the pivotability in a summer position, however, it can be achieved that the heat is then intercepted from the outside on the first disc, special devices which are not described in more detail in the publication largely reject the heat. The basic thermal requirements of a high-pressure weather situation support the convective heat relief of the pane standing outwards, so that good summer heat protection is achieved.

The window described in the publication also has ventilation that is adjustable on the one hand and allows heat recovery on the other. However, details of this are not described.

The object of the present invention is to further develop and improve the window (or the glazed door) with regard to the cooling properties and the ventilation options, while at the same time offering cheaper mechanics and improvements in other features, such as soundproofing, protection against driving rain and the like.

In the known window, ventilation takes place through two ventilation slots arranged on the side, which can be closed by flaps, as illustrated in FIG. 1. Much better ventilation can be achieved, however, if there are ventilation slots at the top and bottom of the window, because this allows the natural convection energy of the air to be used. The ventilation effect can also be increased by utilizing the chimney effect, as will be shown in more detail below.

The window according to the prior art is fixed in that the movable window sash can be lowered into a groove within the fixed window frame in the two fixable positions. This means that the ventilation slots have to be arranged to the left and right of the window.

In order to enable the arrangement of ventilation slots, for example above and below, a different construction must therefore be found.

According to one embodiment, the object of the invention is achieved in that a second movable frame (window sash) is articulated laterally on the fixed frame by means of a pivot bearing, the frame being displaceable to a limited extent perpendicular to the plane of the fixed frame. Through this measure, the total expenditure for fitting devices may be somewhat greater, but there is an even further improved K number, a considerably improved sound insulation, but in particular the better ventilation sought here, because by using this second window sash (instead of the flaps according to State of the art) between the disc of this additional wing and the in the distance between the adjacent pane of the first wing, a chimney effect is created which, on the one hand, quickly cools the heat absorbed by the panes and, on the other hand, produces a very effective, adjustable ventilation effect when the second wing is at a distance from the first wing and thereby creates an air gap in particular above and below arises.

The pivotable frame can be fixed in its two fixable positions by pins that z. B. can be pushed out from the fixed frame or from the movable frame and enter fixtures in bores, grooves or the like. The other pivotable frame.

Alternatively, however, the first movable frame (the pivotable window sash) can be fixed in its two fixable positions by projections, sealing strips or the like, which start from the second movable frame (the window sash which can be folded away laterally) or from the fixed frame or first movable frame .

The second movable frame can be fixed in a first position, which seals the air gaps between the fixed frame and the first movable frame, and in a further position (or several further positions), in which an air gap of a defined size between the second movable frame and the fixed frame or movable frame remains. This further position results in an improved ventilation option compared to the prior art and also brings about an improved window cooling in the summer position.

The second movable frame can have a fixed glass pane, clear or colored, but alternatively it can also carry a glass pane arrangement which can be turned by 180 °, this being according to yet another embodiment tion form of the invention can be realized in that the second movable frame is in two parts, the first part being articulated laterally on the fixed frame, and the second part is articulated on the first part via a pivot bearing which is slidably mounted in a rail of the first part , in such a way that the swivel bearing can come to rest both on the side close to the articulated side and on the side of the first part remote from the articulated side.

With such a pivotability, the second part of the second movable frame can have an anisotropic glass pane arrangement and can be locked in both pivot bearing positions with the first part.

This way of realizing a reversible window can of course also be used for the first pivoting movable frame, if this is expedient.

Another such louvre design at the top and bottom could be achieved by rotating the known window shown in FIG. 1, for example by 90 ° in the plane of the drawing, so that the pivot axis lies horizontally. Since then a locking of the window can no longer be used by its own gravity, locking in the manner already mentioned could take place by means of pins which start from the fixed frame and enter the movable frame in correspondingly provided grooves or bores.

In a window of this type with a lower and upper ventilation slot, a pane arrangement is expedient in which the frame construction and the fitting construction are designed in such a way that between an outwardly lying double pane and an inwardly directed third disc results in an air flow from bottom to top.

Such a pane arrangement would be, for example, one in which a simple pane, in addition a second pane provided with an anisotropy-producing coating and a so-called "green" pane are combined with one another, which green pane absorbs the heat radiation to a certain extent, e.g. B. 50% absorbed. Using three such glass panes results in an embodiment of the invention in which the reversible glass pane arrangement consists of two glass panes spaced apart from one another in a common frame (first frame), one pane having a coating on its side facing away from the other pane , which reflects or absorbs heat radiation falling directly onto the coating to a much greater extent than heat radiation coming through the glass pane, and a third glass pane at a distance from the reversible glass pane arrangement in its own frame (second frame) on the side of the window facing the house interior or the like or the door is arranged.

This arrangement further improves the thermal insulation in summer sunshine and at the same time gives the possibility to improve the ventilation even further.

It is particularly favorable if the first and second frames are held in the component (door or window) in such a way that the space between the reversible glass pane arrangement and the third glass pane is connected to the surroundings via ventilation slots at least at the lower and upper region of the component. This arrangement creates a "chimney effect" and thus a particularly effective ventilation and leads at the same time for a particularly intensive convective cooling of the glass panes absorbing the heat radiation, that is, on the one hand, the glass pane with the coating and, on the other hand, the third glass pane, in particular when this third glass pane is colored in accordance with yet another development of the invention in such a way that it has a considerable effect Share, in particular a share of the order of 50%, which absorbs long-wave solar radiation (heat radiation).

The publications mentioned at the beginning describe constructions which, in their details, as far as they are given, do not yet give optimal results. For example, there is no effective protection against driving rain when the ventilation flaps are open. Furthermore, the upper flap shown in utility model G 85 08 040.3 for closing the air gap required for pivoting according to the known construction principles has proven to be disadvantageous, in particular in door applications In particular, however, it does not emerge from the prior art how a component working with an anisotropic glass pane arrangement can be realized with two movable frames, as is necessary, for example, with glazed components to be used as a door.

The invention, on the other hand, enables the use of two movable frames for a door, such as an external door, veranda door, balcony door or front door, whereby according to the invention, at the same time, the possibility is opened of achieving driving rain safety, which is particularly important in these applications, and thus making the arrangement that (with a rectangular shape of the component) only two possibly closable air gaps can be used.

The solution to this problem is achieved according to the embodiment of claim l3, namely in that the first frame with the second frame inserted therein forms a pivotable unit in a third, fixed frame, the first frame on a longitudinal edge via hinge straps on the third frame is mounted that the actuating fitting for fixing the second frame in the first frame and the hinge straps between the first and third frames are arranged on the side of the first and third frames facing the building interior.

In particular, the first frame with the second frame inserted therein represents the leaf of an outer door, such as a veranda door, balcony door or front door, while the third frame forms the frame of this door. The second (pivotable) frame could be fixed by shifting the second frame in the direction of the pivot axis, wherein in the one fixable position between the frame sides of the two frames lying perpendicular to the pivot axis there is a tongue and groove connection and the actuating device is arranged at one end of the axis Thrust drive includes. To avoid a third sealing flap, as is still present in the prior art, represented by DE-Gbm 85 08 040, a lifting bar extending perpendicular to the axis could be provided, which is displaceable in the direction of the axis with respect to the second frame, whereby the lifting bar is guided in the first frame on the side of the second frame facing away from the linear actuator and forms the groove for this side of the frame, into which a spring formed by the second frame can engage.

It would be advantageous if the lifting bar was guided within a groove which was formed by the first frame and had a substantially rectangular cross section is. This lifting strip could form a wedge-shaped groove for the side of the second frame assigned to it, into which a spring of the second frame, which is also wedge-shaped, can engage.

The lifting bar could be arranged to move up and down in the vertical direction of the fixed frame in the vertical direction, preferably the lifting bar via spring straps, via hydraulic devices or via shaft and gear worm gears or also via racks by means of a key or a handle, possibly with simultaneous actuation of a sash could be movable. The lifting bar could also be actuated by means of a thermomechanical or by means of an electric drive.

In principle, the air gap provided for turning the second frame in the first frame can be closed by means of snap-in rubber seals, which also hold the two frames in place with respect to one another. In the applications provided here as a door, however, this is not practical and instead an embodiment is proposed which, similarly to the prior art, provides ventilation gaps which can be closed by means of ventilation flaps between the vertical bars of the first and the second frame. According to a development of the invention, a U-profile, which can be made of metal or plastic, is arranged in the legs with ventilation openings in the legs, this profile being fastened to the second frame in such a way that sealing strips extending from the non-perforated web of the U-profile stand in the fixed position of the second frame with the vertical bar of the first frame.

The openings of the U-profile can be on the side facing the side that can be closed by the flaps are covered with insect gauze.

The U-profile can expediently consist of two parts which can be plugged into one another, which has advantages in that, for example, actuating devices for actuating the lifting strip can be arranged in the space enclosed by the U-profile, or heating devices for heating fresh air flowing through them.

The U-profile could also replace a third insertable part for receiving the insect gauze, which has the advantage that the replacement of the insect gauze is very simplified.

The U-profile should preferably have a mushroom-shaped strip in the profile which, together with the projections emanating from the U-profile, form a meandering path for fresh air and at the same time serve as a covering for driving rain.

Another advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the actuating devices as well as the hinge devices of the various frames are inaccessible from the outside, so that burglar resistance is also sufficient for door applications.

Wood has proven itself as the material for the frame elements, but plastic or metal can also be used. When using metal, however, care must be taken to ensure that adequate heat insulation results from a corresponding cross-sectional shape for the frame elements, and the symmetry required for the present application should also be taken into account in the second frame element. The arrangement of the ventilation gap and the profiles arranged therein direction still has the advantage that these actuating elements do not have to be arranged in the outer area of the first frame, which outer area should be kept free for locking devices of the door leaf in the door frame.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawings.

• Fig. l ein verglastes Bauelement mit einer umkehrbaren Glasscheibenanordung gemäß der eingangs genannten Druckschrift (Bauplan 4/86);
• Fig. 2 in einer schematischen Darstellung neben einem ersten beweglichen Rahmen einen weiteren beweglichen Rahmen, der mittels eines Drehlagers an einem festen Rahmen angelenkt ist, welches Drehlager senkrecht zur Ebene des festen Rahmens verschieblich ist;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung, um zu erläutern, wie der (erste) bewegliche Rahmen im festen Rahmen fixierbar ist;
• Fig. 4 bis 6 eine Detaildarstellung eines Beschlages in drei Ausführungsformen, mit der die Verschiebung des Lagers für den weiteren (zweiten) beweglichen Rahmen bewerkstelligt werden kann;
• Fig. 7 die Detaildarstellung eines Schließbleches zur Verriegelung des zweiten beweglichen Rahmens im festen Rahmen;
• Fig. 8 eine schematische Darstellung mit sechs Teilfiguren a, b, c, d, e, f zur Erläuterung einer Anordnung, mit der der zweite bewegliche Rahmen ebenfalls mit einer schwenkbar en Glasscheibenanordnung ausgestattet werden kann;
• Fig. 9 eine schematische Darstellung der Strahlungsverteilung zwischen den Scheiben bei Anordnung der umkehrbaren Glasscheibenanordnung in "Winterstellung" (W) und "Sommerstellung" (S);
• Fig. l0 ein erfindungsgemäßes verglastes Bauelement in Form einer Verandatür in einer Draufsicht von der Gebäudeinnenseite aus;
• Fig. ll eine Schnittansicht vergrößerten Maßstabes entlang der Schnittlinie XI-XI der Fig. l0 zur Erläuterung insbesondere der Fixierung des zweiten Rahmens im ersten Rahmen mittels einer Hubleiste; und
• Fig. l2 eine noch weiter vergrößerte Schnittansicht entlang der Schnittlinie XII-XII der Fig. l0 zur Erläuterung des Klappenmechansimus sowie der U-Profil-Anordnung für die Belüftung.

It shows:

• Fig. L is a glazed component with a reversible arrangement of glass panes according to the aforementioned document (blueprint 4/86);
• 2 shows, in a schematic representation, in addition to a first movable frame, a further movable frame which is articulated to a fixed frame by means of a pivot bearing, which pivot bearing is displaceable perpendicular to the plane of the fixed frame;
• Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration to explain how the (first) movable frame can be fixed in the fixed frame;
• 4 to 6 a detailed representation of a fitting in three embodiments, with which the displacement of the bearing for the further (second) movable frame can be accomplished;
• 7 shows the detailed illustration of a striking plate for locking the second movable frame in the fixed frame;
• 8 shows a schematic illustration with six partial figures a, b, c, d, e, f to explain an arrangement with which the second movable frame can also be equipped with a pivotable glass pane arrangement;
• 9 shows a schematic illustration of the radiation distribution between the panes when the reversible glass pane arrangement is arranged in “winter position” (W) and “summer position” (S);
• FIG. 10 a glazed component according to the invention in the form of a veranda door in a plan view from the inside of the building;
• Fig. Ll is a sectional view on an enlarged scale along the section line XI-XI of Figure l0 to explain in particular the fixation of the second frame in the first frame by means of a lifting bar; and
• Fig. L2 is a further enlarged sectional view along the section line XII-XII of Fig. L0 to explain the valve mechanism and the U-profile arrangement for ventilation.

1 shows a glazed component in the form of a so-called turning or heat window l0, consisting of a glass pane arrangement 11 arranged in a reversible movable frame l2, which in a fixed frame l4 having a rectangular shape around a rectangular center line 28 from a first , fixable, sealed position by 180 ° can be pivoted into a second, fixable, sealed position. The known window has triple glazing in such an arrangement that in the "summer position "of the movable frame an outward reflecting layer of the triple glazing undesired solar thermal energy to the outside again partially and thereby reduces the inward penetrating portion of the heat radiation, while in a" winter position "turned by 180 ° is achieved that a Radiation of radiant heat from the interior, which is closed off by the window, is reduced, namely by means of the reflection layer then pointing towards the interior, which reflects back heat radiation coming from inside, while on the other hand heat radiation coming from outside is largely let through unhindered.

Ventilation flaps 20 between the movable frame l2 and the fixed frame l4 laterally released ventilation slots l6 can be closed if necessary.

Fitting devices that are used to fix the window described in the publication mentioned are explained in more detail in DE-GM 85 08 040. However, this construction has the disadvantage that only the two side ventilation slots l6 are available in the fixed position for ventilation.

Reference can also be made to even older publications, for example to German patent publication 28 517 of l3. May l956, from which a horizontal leg can be moved in the vertical direction in connection with a window for the purpose of folding out with the aid of a fitting. Another possibility is shown in DE-OS 27 54 955, in which a frameless glass pane that can be given away via a clamped pivot bearing is held in its fixed position with the help of glassless window sashes.

An arrangement as can be seen schematically from FIG. 3 is more favorable for ventilation purposes: there is a (first) movable frame 112 about a vertical axis 28 within a fixed frame 114, which at the same time represents the axis of symmetry of the two rectangular frames 112, 114, pivotable by 180 °, an air slot 22 being provided between the fixed frame ll4 and the movable frame ll2 parallel to the two lower frame struts of the fixed frame (ll4) and movable frame (ll2), as is an air slot 24 at the upper end. At the lateral areas, between the vertical struts 33 and 37 of fixed or movable frames, air slots 26 and 30 can also be provided, but these ventilation slots can also be omitted or there are only narrow slots so that a pivoting of the movable Frame ll2 in the fixed frame ll4 is still possible, but the necessary distance between the frames ll2, ll4 does not result in ventilation through appropriate sealing measures.

To fix the movable frame ll2 in the fixed frame ll4 in the two permanent positions (winter position and summer position), pins can advantageously be provided which, for. B. from the fixed frame (ll4) or from the movable frame (ll2) can be pushed out and enter the holes, grooves or the like of the other frame in a fixed manner, in this connection reference is made to the arrows 32 in FIG. 3, such pins to hint.

A further alternative results from FIG. 2, in which a second movable frame 2 122 is provided on the fixed frame 11 4, which can be a window or door frame, which holds the first movable frame 11 2 in the two fixable positions. The second movable frame 2l2 is on the side of the fixed frame ll4, For example, articulated on the vertical spar or strut 33 by means of a special hinge 36, which enables the axis of rotation 38 to be displaced by a certain amount in the direction of the arrows 40, that is to say perpendicular to the window plane. In the one, drawn-in position of the hinge 36, which is close to the fixed frame ll4, the movable frame 2l2 lies with a flexible seal 42 both on a projecting contact surface 44 of the fixed frame ll4 and on a corresponding contact surface 46 of the first movable frame ll2 and thereby gives a sealing closure for the air gap 30, on the other hand an additional fixation of the movable frame ll2 in the fixed frame ll4. If you move the pivot axis 38 away from the fixed frame II4 in the direction of the arrows 40, the sealing strip 42 will move away from the bearing surface 44 or 46 and thereby release an air gap which preferably extends around the entire window surface of the movable frame, but in particular one 3 and the upper and horizontal horizontal air gaps 22 and 24, as shown in FIG. 3, but the second movable frame 2l2 remains parallel to the first movable frame ll2. In this position, the first movable frame ll2 is no longer held by the second movable frame 2l2, but the other fixation devices already described remain effective, such as. B. the fixing pins that have already been explained in connection with the reference number 32 in FIG. 3.

As mentioned, the first movable frame ll2 is installed in the fixed frame ll4 in such a way that this movable frame ll2 can either be fixed in the position shown or in a position rotated by 180 ° with respect to this position. To fix this movable frame ll2, in addition to the pins 32 already mentioned, snap devices can also be present be, which hold the movable frame ll2 in these two positions, for example in the form of rubber sealing strips 50, which originate from a ventilation grille 48, which is anchored in the strut 33 of the fixed frame ll4 in a suitable manner, and on corresponding projections or depressions 52nd of the first movable frame ll2 can hold.

The ventilation grille 48, through which ventilation air can pass, can also include fly gauze and devices for preventing driving rain, insects, dust or the like, as is shown schematically in FIG. 2 and will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIG. 12.

As can be seen in FIG. 2, the first movable frame 11 can be assembled from several parts in order, for. B. to facilitate the installation of the pane, see the different hatching, where wood is assumed as the material.

The glazing consists of two glass panes 54, 56 arranged at a distance from one another, which are held in the usual way within the frame by means of a sealing compound 58. The second movable frame 112 here carries only one glass pane 60, which is however at a greater distance from the pane 56 than it corresponds to the distance between the two panes 54 and 56. The purpose of this is that air convection should not take place between the two disks 54 and 56, if possible, in order to achieve the highest possible thermal insulation, while this circulation is desired between the disks 56 and 60, in particular if the second movable one is positioned appropriately Frame 2l2 at the lower and upper ends between the second movable frame ll2 and the fixed frame ll4 and first movable frame ll2 There is an air gap so that air can flow between the disks 56 and 60 from bottom to top. This has the following advantages: The outer surface of the arrangement is on the left side according to FIG. 2, so that solar radiation strikes the surface a of the pane 54 from the left in the summer position of the window sash II2 shown here. The back of this disc 54 is covered in a manner known per se, see also DE-GM 85 08 040, with a layer 55 which gives the disc arrangement the desired anisotropic properties. This layer causes that from 100% of solar energy z. B. only 30% emerges from the surface b in the direction of the disk 56 (to name an exemplary embodiment). Another part of z. B. 16% is reflected on the surface a, the rest of the radiation is converted into heat in the disk 54 and partly dissipated as convection heat on the surface a, and partly emitted via the surfaces a and b as heat radiation.

A portion, approximately 4 to 5%, of the remaining heat radiation incident on the surface c of the disc 56 is reflected back to the surface 55, a further 4 to 6% is absorbed in the disc 56 and a remainder of approximately 20% of the original Heat radiation finally emerges again on the surface d of the disk 56, plus approximately 2% heat radiation due to the heating of the disk 56 and due to other components. If a pane is used as pane 60, which again absorbs 50% long-wave heat radiation, only about 10% of the originally entered heat radiation ultimately remain, which get into the interior (on the right according to FIG. 2) and to (in summer, possibly) cause undesirable heating of the room. The thermal energy captured in the pane 60 is partially radiated, partially eliminated by convection, in particular by air convection Flow which occurs as a result of chimney action at the lower slot 22 of the window and exits again at the upper slot 24 (see FIG. 3) when the second movable frame or the window sash 2l2 is at a distance from the fixed frame ll4 or the first movable frame ll2 is arranged.

In the winter position, which is not shown here, the light of the sun first reaches the surface d of the pane 56 of the movable frame 11 (which in the winter position is rotated by 180 ° with respect to the position shown in FIG. 2), about 8% the heat radiation on the surface d is reflected back directly to the outside, while an approximately equally large proportion is absorbed by the disk 56. In this case, 16% of the initially 100% solar energy striking the surface b of the disk 54 would be lost. In turn, about 8 to 10% are directly reflected on the disk 54, a further portion of about 30% is converted into heat and a remaining portion of 35 to 40% emerges from the surface a of the disk 54 and continues to move toward the disk 60. Finally, about 30% of the original solar energy reaches the interior, plus heat radiation which emanates from the heated pane 52 and which is between 10 and 20%.

In addition to this gain in energy from direct sunlight, the triple glazing provides excellent insulation against loss of heat from the interior and excellent sound insulation, also as a result of the triple glazing with appropriate distances between the individual glass panes. The ventilation, which is also expedient in winter at least for a short period at regular intervals, is also possible with very effective means by moving the frame 2l2 away from the frame ll2.

In the newly developed construction with two movable frames, it can be advantageous to deviate from the anisotropic pane arrangement previously used and not to apply the layer 55 to the area b of the pane 54, but instead to the area d of the pane 56, while the pane 60 As a so-called "green" disc, an absorption of, for example, 50% of the long-wave radiation components, see also FIG. 9. This arrangement results in a ping-pong effect between the surfaces d and e, which in particular leads to an even larger one Proportion of heat radiation is used to heat the two panes 56 and 60, as a result of which the cooling conditions in the summer position improve even further because even less disruptive heat radiation reaches the interior, instead this heat radiation is converted into pane heating in the two panes 56 and 60 and dissipated by convection via the ventilation device.

FIG. 9 schematically shows the pane arrangement in the winter position (top) or summer position (bottom) in order to be able to explain the heat radiation conditions in more detail. Most of the solar energy entering from the left is let through by the normal disk 54, only a small part is reflected. The let-through part arrives at the pane 56 provided with a film 55 and, due to the special properties of this pane 56 covered with the film 55, is again largely let through, with only a small part being reflected and possibly reflected again. Most of the heat radiation thus reaches the glass pane 60, which is colored and therefore absorbs a larger part of the heat radiation and emits a further substantial part to the interior on the right) and emits a further part or reflects it through heat radiation disc 56 returns. As a result of the layer 55, however, this retroreflected heat is again reflected back to the pane 60 (ping-pong effect), so that very little radiation ultimately ultimately returns to the pane 54. This means that in the winter position shown, a very significant proportion of the incident heat radiation can be obtained as heat radiation or convection heat for the interior.

In the summer position shown below, the conditions look very different. Already from the layer 55 on the glass pane 56, a very substantial part of the incoming long-wave components of the solar radiation is thrown back into the outside space, only a relatively small part passes through the pane 56 to the pane 54, with only a small proportion initially being reflected back. The largest portion passes through the disc 54 and reaches the disc 60, which due to its coloration by absorption of z. B. heats up 50% of the incoming heat radiation and thereby emits heat radiation itself and throws it into the interior on the one hand, on the other hand back to the disc 54 and from there to the disc 56, the disc 56 largely allowing this returning radiation and thus again to the Gives up outside space. Heat radiation arriving from the interior is also absorbed by the pane 60 and partially emitted to the outside. This arrangement thus shows considerable advantages over other anisotropic disc arrangements, which advantages are further reinforced by the above-described ventilation of the space between the discs at positions 2 and 3 (see FIG. 9) by cooling the disc 60 (FIG. 2) is done.

A material for the pane 60 is in particular a pane safety glass, while the usual material for the panes 54 and 56 is double glazed pane units can be used, plus the layer 55 applied, for example, as a plastic film.

The particular hinge shape, in particular according to FIGS. 2, 4, 5 and 6, will be discussed in more detail. The hinge 36 shown in these figures permits the aforementioned change in the distance of the hinge axis 38 from the plane of the fixed frame 114 or its strut 33 and thus enables the distance between the pane 60 and the pane 55 to be adjusted and thus the convection or ventilation in the space in between 6l.

The hinge 36 can take different forms. 4, 5 and 6, three different embodiments of such a hinge are shown. 2, the hinge consists of a bracket 62 which can be screwed onto the fixed frame 11 in the usual way. A protrusion 64 with a slot-like rail guide 66 extends from the bracket 62, in which a hinge carriage 68 can be moved back and forth in the direction of the arrows 40 by means of fitting devices (not shown here). This hinge carriage carries in the usual way a bearing 70 for a joint 72 which extends in a suitable and known manner into the adjacent side strut 74 of the second movable frame 2l2 and thus holds this frame 2l2 pivotable about the axis 38, this frame 2l2 simultaneously parallel to the fixed frame ll4 and thus also to the first movable frame ll2 is so displaceable that the distance of the window planes from one another can be changed. The hinge 36 can be designed so that when the carriage 68 is completely extended up to the stop 76, the movable frame 2l2 can be pivoted over the full angle of 180 ° about the axis 38, which makes cleaning the pane easier with respect to the pane surface e enables.

The hinge constructions shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 also allow pivoting by 180 °, the advantage of these constructions being that the hinge projects less into the space, but instead requires a corresponding hole in the frame 114.

A correspondingly displaceable stop and window closure at the free end of the frame 2l2 is not shown.

Another possibility for changing the distance of the frame 2l2 with respect to the fixed frame ll4 for ventilation purposes and at the same time for locking is shown in FIG. 2:

In order not only to be able to move the second movable frame 2l2 within the fixed frame ll4, but also to be able to lock it, guide and striking plates 80, see also FIG. 7, can be provided which, for example, are countersunk by means of countersunk screws passed through bores 82 in the striking plate 84 of the fixed frame (Fig. 2) can be attached. With the aid of a conventional actuating linkage for window sashes, a pin 86, which projects from the second movable frame 2l2 (FIG. 2), can penetrate into a slot 88 of the striking plate (FIG. 7) when it is closed, whereupon the pin 86 for moving the ventilation slots and for Locking, for example, is pushed downwards and in the process advances along a path 90 in the direction of arrow 92 and thereby displaces the window frame 2l2 against the fixed frame ll4 and finally compresses seals 42 and 94, see FIG. 2. (In this case, the opening of the slot 88 is to be thought to the right in FIG. 2).

The striking plate can also be mounted on the frame 2l2 and the pin can extend from the fixed frame ll4. In this case, the striking plate is to be arranged with the opening of the slot to the left, as shown in FIG. 7. Instead of the cam-like arrangement with a smooth pin, as has just been described, a toothed roller pin can also engage in the striking plate, which enables even more secure guidance and locking.

The second movable frame 2l2 shown in FIG. 2 has only one glass pane 60.

However, it is conceivable to provide for this second movable frame 2l2 itself a glass pane arrangement which is anisotropic and can be turned by 180 °, similar to the case with the first movable frame ll2. The following construction is possible, which is schematically explained in Fig. 8: The frame 2l2 comprises a two-part pane arrangement, the first part 2l4 laterally on the base frame 2l6, which can be made of wood or plastic or metal, by means of conventional solid Hinge devices 2l8 is articulated. The second part 220 is articulated on the first part via a swivel bearing 222, which swivel bearing 222 is displaceably mounted on a rail 224 of the first part 214 in such a way that the swivel bearing is both on the side close to the articulated side (see sub-figures b and c of FIG . 8) can be supported, as well as by displacement (see part fig. D, arrow 228) on the side of the first part 240 which is remote from the articulated side, see part figures d and e of FIG. 8

If you fold the second part 220 around this bearing 222 according to Teilfig. c of Fig. 8, see arrow 230, and then move the bearing 22 into this second position, see Teilfig. d, you can along the arrow 232 swing the wing 220 back onto the wing 2l4, but a reversal of 180 ° has occurred. Now the two-part arrangement of the two wings 2l4 and 220 in the in Fig. a shown starting position brought back, see part. f, the disk arranged in wing 220 is turned by 180 °. If this is an anisotropic arrangement of glass panes, advantages similar to those described with regard to the first movable frame 2l2 can be achieved. For this purpose it is only necessary. that the second part 220 has an anisotropic glass pane arrangement and can be locked in both pivot bearing positions with the first part.

10, in which a glazed component in the form of a veranda door 3l0 is shown, which has a reversible glass pane arrangement ll and here consists of a rectangular fixed third frame or door frame l3, a movable first frame or door leaf 3l4 and there is a second also movable frame 3l8, the second movable frame 3l8 being pivotable about a vertical rectangular center line 28 within the first movable frame 3l8, the illustration showing ventilation flaps 20 to be described in more detail below and a narrow piece of a lifting bar 2l.

To close the ventilation flaps, here schematically indicated pivot levers 23 are used, while for actuating the pivoting and lifting mechanism to be described in more detail, attachment points 25, 27 or 29 can be provided for a socket wrench, the socket wrench actuation being inexpensive because the window is turned in summer - will only be required relatively rarely in winter operation. Instead, too the attachment of fixed handles possible.

From Fig. Ll, a section along the line XI / XI of Fig. L0, there is a sectional view through the upper and lower horizontal spar of the glazed component, but the door frame l3 is omitted to simplify the illustration. As can be seen from the drawing, the frame or the door leaf 3l4 comprises an upper horizontal spar 34 which forms a U in the cross section which is open towards the bottom and thereby results in a groove 38 of essentially rectangular shape which serves to receive a lifting bar 2l . This lifting bar 2l in turn consists of profiled wood with an H-shaped profile, which forms a funnel-shaped widening groove 45 towards the bottom, into which a corresponding spring 47 of the movable second frame 3l8 can engage. This movable second frame 3l8 can be pivoted with respect to the first movable frame 3l4, in which the second movable frame 3l8 is first raised by means of a fitting on the lower pivot bearing 86 to the extent that it can be seen from a groove in FIG Corresponding lower tongue of the lower spar 92 of the first movable frame 3l4 is released, at the same time the lifting bar 2l is raised by the same amount and then raised further until the groove 45 on the underside of the lifting bar 2l is the corresponding tongue 47 of the upper horizontal bar 35 of the second movable frame 3l8 has released. Thus, the frame 318 is freely pivotable about the axis 28 (Fig. 10) and can, for. B. rotated by l80 ° and fixed again. This construction avoids the flap that is still present in the prior art for covering an upper horizontal air gap.

The glass panes 72, 74 and 76 which can already be seen in FIG. 11 and are drawn out more precisely in FIG. 12 are constructed such that one of the two outer panes, e.g. B. 72, has a higher energy absorption capacity for solar radiation than is the case with the other two panes, e.g. B. 74, 76, is the case. At the same time, this more absorbent pane 72 has, on a pane surface facing another pane 74, a translucent coating made of a material that reduces the emissivity of the coated surface for infrared radiation.

In order to move the lifting bar 2l up and down and to simultaneously move the frame 3l8 up and down with respect to the frame 3l4, various types of devices can be used.

Thus, a device frequently used in window construction can also be used here, namely spring bands which are arranged in correspondingly provided incisions, see for example the incision l02 (FIG. 11) in a wedge-shaped projection l04 at the bottom of the groove 38 of the upper spar 34, In which incision the spring bands, guided in corresponding envelopes, can be moved axially. At certain deflection points they are then attached to the lifting bar 2l and pull this up or push it down, depending on the actuation of the other end of the spring band.

Another possibility is the actuation with the aid of gear worm gears which can be actuated via corresponding shafts and deflection gears. Both the latter drive and the spring band are known per se. Hydraulic actuators are also conceivable.

Another possibility is to raise and lower the bar 2l with the help of mini-electric motors and corresponding lifting and lowering gears, or with the help of thermomechanical devices that expand due to (e.g., electrically generated) heat and expand when they cool down pull back together and perform a lifting movement. Such devices can also be found, for example, in the thermostatic valves of heating radiators.

It will have become clear that in order to pivot the second movable frame 3l8, both lifting the frame 3l8 by a certain amount and lifting the lifting bar 2l by a quantity 2-3 times as great is necessary. The lifting bar 2l and the second movable frame 3l8 can be lifted one after the other if there are separate fittings for this purpose, or a simultaneous movement can be carried out if the actuating devices are coupled accordingly, which however requires relatively complicated devices. since different ways of raising arise and therefore z. B. different gear ratios are required.

The arrangement according to the invention enables ventilation to be provided in a simple manner, the measures necessary for this being shown in FIG. 12, which is a sectional view along the line XII / XII of Fig. 10 represents.

In principle, it is possible to provide only simple sealing lips on the lateral, vertical spars l08 of the first movable frame 3l4 and the corresponding lateral spar ll0 of the second movable frame 3l8 and, if necessary, to additionally arrange projections which can be displaced from one frame to the other frame, however has proven to be expedient to provide a ventilation arrangement for better air conditioning of a room to be equipped with the glazed component according to the invention, which consists of a ventilation gap l26 which is left between the vertical bars l08, ll0 of the first and second movable frame 3l4, 3l8. This ventilation gap l26 can be closed by a closure cap 20, which is preferably mounted on the inside of the frame 3l4 by means of a vertical hinge ll8 and can be pivoted away from the ventilation gap l26. The flap 20 has first sealing strips l20, l22, with which the cover area of the flap 20 can rest against the end faces of the vertical bars l08 or ll0 of the first or second movable frame 3l4, 3l8. Further sealing devices l24, l26 are located within the ventilation gap. The seals l20, l22, l24, l26 provide a particularly good seal due to self-locking in the event of wind pressure coming from outside. The flap 20 can be opened and closed with the aid of the locking devices already mentioned, which can be actuated by handles 23.

As can also be seen in FIG. L2, a U-profile l28 is indicated within the ventilation gap l26, which is made of plastic or metal and is attached to the frame 314 with its U-profile legs l32 provided with ventilation openings l30, for example by inserting the legs into corresponding grooves. The web l38 of the U-profile l28 serves as a carrier for the sealing strip ll3 for bearing against the second movable frame 3l8. The openings l30 of the U-profile can with insect gauze on the side facing the side that can be closed by the flaps 20. l40 be covered, or a special attachment l4l is provided for this purpose, which is held interchangeably on the U-profile l28, for example by projections l42. Thus, after pivoting away the frame 3l8 and possibly the flap 20, the U-profile l28 could be pulled out of the slots l34, l36, the gauze l40 renewed and the profile pushed in again, or the extension l4l could be exchanged.

The space l44 kept free from the profile can serve to accommodate the actuating devices for the lifting bar 2l. Alternatively, a heating device can also be arranged within the U-profile, the z. B. is electrically heated and warms the air entering through the gap.

To prevent driving rain, a mushroom-shaped attachment l45 is used, which is pressed with its foot l47 into a carrier slot l49 of the U-profile l28. Protective walls l5l also emanate from the U-profile and extend obliquely covering the openings l30 into the space covered by the mushroom hat.

As can also be seen in FIG. L2, the U profile l28 is also in two parts, the first parts being connected to one another by a plug connection l53 in the web l38.

The protective walls l5l protrude into the lumen or the mushroom hat only so far that a meandering path ll9 for fresh air remains when the flap 20 is open.

As can be seen, the U-profile l28 in the web l38 has two undercut grooves which are open to the outside and into which the sealing profiles ll3 pointing in the direction of the frame 318 can be inserted. This creates a prechamber 223 for the rain as a drainage channel. The seal ll3 itself is designed so that it increases its sealing effect under the influence of pressure. Similar sealing profiles can also be found between the fixed frame (door frame) l3 and the first movable frame (door leaf) 3l4, see reference numbers l23 and l25, the door leaf 3l4 being held in the door frame l3 by means of conventional hinge straps l2l, while the flaps 20 in turn are in principle by means of conventional door hinges ll7 are hinged to the first movable frame 314.

Grooves 225 and 227 in the first frame 314 and in the flap 20 also serve to discharge any driving rain that may have penetrated.

Claims (20)

1.Glazed component, in particular window, with a reversible glass pane arrangement, consisting of a polygonal, in particular rectangular, fixed frame (l4, ll4) and a fixed frame (l4, ll4) about an axis parallel to an edge (e.g. 28 ), such as B. a rectangular center line from a first, fixable, sealed position by 180 ° into a second, fixable, sealed position pivotable first movable frame (l2), and with actuating devices for fixing and / or sealing the movable frame in the two layers, thereby characterized in that a second movable frame (l2, ll2) is articulated laterally on the fixed frame (l4, ll4) by means of a rotary bearing (36), the second movable frame (l2, 2l2) perpendicular to the plane of the fixed frame (l4, ll4 ) can be moved to a limited extent. 2. Glazed component according to claim l, characterized in that the second movable frame (2l2) can be fixed in a first position, in which it seals the air gaps (22, 24, 26, 30) between the fixed frame (ll4) and the first movable frame (ll2), and in a second (or more) further position, remain in the air gap of a defined size between the second movable frame (2l2) and the fixed frame (ll4) or the first movable frame (ll2) (FIG. 2). 3. Glazed component according to claim 2, characterized in that the second movable frame (2l2) or the fixed frame (ll4) guide or locking plates 80) with a guide slot (88) with such an inclined cam track (90) carry that by from the fixed frame (ll4) or second movable frame (2l2), parallel to the frame edge displaceable cams (86) or roller cams when the cams or roller cams are shifted the distance between the fixed frame (ll4) and the second movable frame (2l2) is changed ( 2, 7). 4. Glazed component according to one of claims l to 3, characterized in that the second movable frame (2l2) has a solid glass pane (60), clear or absorbent ("green") colored (Fig. 2). 5. Glazed component according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second movable frame (2l2) carries a glass pane arrangement which can be used by l80 °. 6. Glazed component according to claim 5, characterized in that the second movable frame (2l2) from one in a base frame (2l6) orderly two-piece glass pane arrangement, the first part (2l4) being articulated laterally on the base frame (2l6) (2l8), and the second part (220) being articulated on the first part (2l4) via a swivel bearing (222), which swivel bearing (222 ) is displaceably mounted (228) in a rail (226) of the first part (2l4) in such a way that the pivot bearing (222) both on the side close to the articulated side and on the side of the first part (2l4) remote from the articulated side comes to rest (Fig. 8). 7. Glazed component according to claim 6, characterized in that the second part (220) comprises an anisotropic glass pane arrangement and can be locked in both pivot bearing positions with the first part (2l4). 8. Glazed component according to claim l, characterized in that the reversible glass pane arrangement consists of two glass panes (54, 56) arranged at a distance from one another in a common frame (ll2), the one pane (56) on its from the other pane ( 54) has a coating (55) on the opposite side, the heat radiation falling directly onto the coating (55) being reflected or absorbed much more strongly than heat radiation penetrating into the glass pane (56), and that a third glass pane (60) is at a distance for the reversible glass pane arrangement (54, 56) is arranged in its own frame (2l2) on the side of the component facing the interior of the house or the like (FIG. 2). 9. Glazed component according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and second frames (ll2, 2l2) are held in the component so that the space (6l) between the reversible glass pane arrangement (54, 56) and the third glass pane (60) communicates with the surroundings at least on the lower and upper area of the component via ventilation slots (30; 48). l0. Glazed component according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the third pane (60) is colored in such a way that it absorbs a considerable proportion of the long-wave solar radiation (heat radiation). 11. Glazed component according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that devices (36; 80, 86; Fig. 2) are provided to change the size of the ventilation slots. 12. Glazed component according to one of claims 9 to ll, characterized in that means (36; 80, 86; Fig. 2) are provided to the distance between the third glass sheet (60) and the closest surface (d or a of 56 or 54) of the reversible glass pane arrangement (54, 56). 13. Glazed component, in particular door, with a reversible glass pane arrangement, consisting of a polygonal, in particular rectangular first frame (3l4) and in the first frame (3l4) about an axis parallel to an edge, such as. B. ver a rectangular center line (28) from a first, fixable sealed position by 180 ° in a second, fixable, sealed position pivotable second frame (3l8), and with actuating devices for fixing and / or sealing the second frame (3l8) in the two layers, characterized in that the first frame (3l4) with the second frame (3l8) inserted therein one in a third , fixed frame (l3) pivotable unit, the first frame (3l4) being mounted on one longitudinal edge via hinge straps (l2l) on the third frame (l3) in such a way that the actuating fitting (25, 27, 29) for fixing the second Frame (3l8) in the first frame (3l4) and the hinge straps (l2l) are arranged between the first (3l4) and third (l3) frame on the side of the first and third frames (3l4, l3) facing the building interior (Fig. L0 , ll, l2). 14. Glazed component according to claim l3, wherein the fixing of the second frame (3l8) by moving the second frame (3l8) in the direction of the pivot axis (28), wherein in a fixable position between the frame sides perpendicular to the pivot axis (28) (34, 35) of the two frames (3l4, 3l8) a tongue and groove connection is created, and the actuating device comprises a thrust drive arranged at one axis end, characterized in that the thrust drive comprises a lifting bar (2l) running perpendicular to the axis (28), which is displaceable with respect to the second frame (3l8) in the direction of the axis (28), and that the lifting bar (2l) is guided in the first frame (3l4) on the side of the second frame (3l8) facing away from the linear actuator and for this side of the frame Forms groove (45) into which a spring (47) formed by the second frame (318) can engage (FIGS. 10, 11, 12). 15. Glazed component according to claim l4, characterized in that the lifting bar (2l) in the upper horizontal space or groove (38) of the fixed frame (3l8) is arranged in the vertical direction up and down movable. 16. Glazed component according to one of claims l3 to l5, wherein a ventilation gap (l26) which can be closed by means of ventilation flaps (20) remains between the vertical bars (l08, ll0) of the first (3l4) and the second (3l8), characterized in that that in the ventilation gap (l26) in the legs with ventilation openings (l30) provided U-profile (l28), which can consist of metal or plastic, is attached to the second frame (3l4) in such a way that the non-perforated web of the U-profile (l28) outgoing sealing strips (ll3) in the fixed position of the second frame (3l8) with the vertical bar (ll0) of the second frame (3l8) in contact (Fig. l2). 17. Glazed component according to claim l6, characterized in that the openings (l30) of the U-profile (l28) on the side facing the closable by the flaps (20) side are covered with insect gauze (l40). 18. Glazed component according to claim l6 or l7, characterized in that the U-profile (l28) consists of two parts which can be plugged into one another (l53). 19. Glazed component according to claim l6, l7 or l8, characterized in that the U-profile (l28) has a third attachable part (l4l) for receiving the insect gauze (l40). 20. Glazed component according to one of claims l6 to l9, characterized in that the U-profile (l28) comprises a mushroom-shaped strip (l45) which, together with projections (l5l) starting from the U-profile, has a meandering path (ll9 ) for fresh air and thereby forms a driving rain cover.

Images