EP0256206A1 - Machine excavatrice, notamment un véhicule de petite dimension avec entraînement hydraulique - Google Patents

Machine excavatrice, notamment un véhicule de petite dimension avec entraînement hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0256206A1
EP0256206A1 EP87104325A EP87104325A EP0256206A1 EP 0256206 A1 EP0256206 A1 EP 0256206A1 EP 87104325 A EP87104325 A EP 87104325A EP 87104325 A EP87104325 A EP 87104325A EP 0256206 A1 EP0256206 A1 EP 0256206A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excavator
wheels
wheel
axis
axle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87104325A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0256206B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Kasberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LESCHA MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH
Original Assignee
LESCHA MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LESCHA MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH filed Critical LESCHA MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH
Priority to AT87104325T priority Critical patent/ATE61831T1/de
Publication of EP0256206A1 publication Critical patent/EP0256206A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0256206B1 publication Critical patent/EP0256206B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/78—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices with rotating digging elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E02F9/028—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears with arrangements for levelling the machine
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E02F9/024—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears with laterally or vertically adjustable wheels or tracks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an excavator, in particular a self-propelled, hydraulic universal small excavator for earthworks, for laying supply lines, digging trenches, foundation holes, etc., with an excavator arm preferably arranged via a rotating device on a chassis, with control and drive devices, and with at least his pair of wheels supported at the ends of an axle.
  • Excavators of the aforementioned type are generally known and are used for a wide variety of work in a wide variety of environmental conditions. Even relatively small excavators, so-called universal small excavators, have to exert considerable tearing forces and breakaway forces, which in itself does not pose any difficulties from the motorization side. However, it is difficult, in particular with certain ground conditions, for example when working on hard surfaces, such as concrete, asphalt, etc., to fix the known excavators sufficiently locally so that they can also fully utilize the forces available per se. Additional stabilization measures, for example with extendable supports, are only partially successful.
  • the excavators are also fully off-road, ie that they can also work on less solid ground, for example, and do not sink too deeply, that is, the contact pressure of the excavator should be as low as possible.
  • the pivot point of the excavator should also be as low as possible and, above all, that the excavator arm pivot point should be arranged as low as possible.
  • Maneuverability, speed and compact design with a small space requirement are also important requirements required by the user. With the excavators known so far, these requirements could only be partially met. The reason for this is on the one hand that the highest possible wheels are required to make the excavator sufficiently off-road, i. H'.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve excavators, in particular self-propelled hydraulic universal small excavators, in such a way that an increased stability is achieved in excavator operation compared to the known excavators and that while maintaining a 360 ° rotation of the excavator arm or the superstructure, the excavator center of gravity and the excavator arm pivot point can be set lower than is the case with comparable known excavators and a good soft soil suitability, i.e. H. a high level of sinking in should be achieved.
  • the speed should nevertheless not be less than that of comparable excavators, and good maneuverability and precise turning around its own axis should be possible.
  • each wheel is connected to at least one axis laterally tiltable about a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the excavator and stabilized, tiltable in the erected position.
  • the excavator chassis is lower, which means that the center of gravity of the excavator is lower and thus avoiding tipping over, for example, on sloping terrain.
  • the excavator arm pivot point can also be placed lower, so that, under the same conditions, deeper holes or trenches can be drilled, and yet the excavator arm can rotate through 360 °.
  • the tear force and breakaway force that can be applied by the excavator is increased by increasing the ground contact liability.
  • Another advantage of the excavator according to the invention is that a sufficient speed of the excavator is achieved from place of use to place of use, because the wheels can be made sufficiently large, which has a recognizably favorable effect for the excavator transport.
  • Another important advantage is the reduced space requirement, which is advantageous when working in tunnels or under bridges, for example. Should still be despite the tipped wheels the ground contact forces, for example, are not sufficient for extreme tearing work, it is possible to use supports and / or a dozer blade in the excavator according to the invention.
  • the subject of the invention leaves much less traces in comparison to the known excavators, because it can have larger and possibly narrower wheels.
  • the wheel suspension is each connected to at least one displaceable axle extension piece, which in turn is fixed in a retracted position close to the axle in excavator driving or transport operation and in an extended or extended position remote from the axle in excavator operation, whereby When the axle extension piece is extended, each wheel supported on it tilts outwards from the vertical normal or driving position and the outside of the wheel comes into contact with the ground.
  • axles are designed as hollow tubes, in each of which the axle extension pieces protrude laterally and are displaceable.
  • a cylinder preferably a hydraulic cylinder, is expediently used for the actuation or displacement of the axle extension pieces.
  • This in turn, can also be arranged in the hollow axis, thereby protecting it from dirt and damage. If the excavator is used on slopes or, for example, in trenches with side slopes, it is not necessary Lich, turn the wheels a full 90 ° to the side.
  • the wheels In order to be able to move the excavator quickly and gently from one place to another, for example by a tractor or by means of a self-propelled system, the wheels should be rubber-tired.
  • FIG. 1 shows the chassis or the chassis 2 of the excavator 1 described in detail here. This comprises a front and a rear pair of wheels 3 and 4. The wheels 3 and 4 are individually accommodated here on associated cheek-shaped wheel suspensions 10 and in each case both on the side of axles 5, 6 attached to the chassis 2 parallel to each other. A pivot pin or a column 7 for receiving the superstructure or the tower is indicated approximately in the middle of the chassis.
  • the wheels 3, 4 are not rigidly attached to the respective axles 5 or 6 in the usual manner, but can be tilted. In the normal position shown in Figure 1, all wheels 3, 4 can rotate in the usual way, so that the excavator 1 is movable. For excavator operation, however, the wheels 3, 4 are tilted sideways, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the drive is uncoupled before or during the tipping process.
  • tilting, individually controllable hydraulic motors 27 arranged on the wheels or wheel suspensions 10 can be used.
  • uncoupling when tipping is not necessary. Either all of the wheels or two diagonally opposite wheels are driven, which means that the excavator can be turned precisely.
  • axle extension pieces 8 are provided, on which the wheels 3, 4 in FIGS. 1 to 4 are individually accommodated via their wheel suspensions.
  • each axis 5, 6 two opposite axis extension pieces 8 are slidably guided and each protrude from the axes 5, 6 at one end.
  • the axes 5, 6 have a rectangular hollow cross section.
  • the axis extension pieces have a cross-sectional configuration adapted to them.
  • an individual fastening for one of the wheels 3, 4, that is to say a wheel suspension 10 is pivotably arranged here, for example via a bolt 9.
  • the individual extension pieces 8 can each be brought from the retracted position shown in FIG. 1 to the extended position according to FIG. 2 with the aid of a cylinder-piston unit 11, 12.
  • a hydraulic cylinder is preferably used for this. As can be seen from FIG. 3, this is preferably likewise arranged in the interior of the assigned axis 5 or 6. This protects it from dirt and damage.
  • the cylinder-piston unit 11, 12 is secured in the interior of the axes 5 and 6, respectively, and actuated in the usual way.
  • both the piston rod 12 and the cylinder 11 are each connected to an associated axis extension piece 8 via a bolt 13.
  • this can be arranged rigidly.
  • the tilted tire 3 1 itself can first be pulled against a stop roller 16 and then be set up with a rolling motion.
  • the uprighting movement of the wheels is limited on one side by stop pieces in the form of stop rails 14 fastened to the wheel suspensions 10.
  • the arrangement of the stop rails 14 can be such that they run against a stop roller 16 when the wheels 3 or 4 are installed. For improved fixation or stabilization of the wheels these rest in the installed state on the wheel suspension 10 on a further chassis-fixed stop 28. This is located above the wheel pivot point. the stop roller is below this.
  • a rotary support 17 is arranged on the pivot pin 7, for example via a toothed ring (not shown in more detail).
  • a control tower 18 with control and operating levers 19, which are easily accessible from the seat 20 of the excavator 1.
  • the excavator arm 22 is fastened to the rotary support or to a plate (not designated in more detail) arranged above it via a joint 21.
  • the excavator arm 22 can be moved vertically by the joint 21, while the rotary movement takes place around the pin 7.
  • the excavator arm 22 in the arrangement according to FIGS. 3, 4 can also be pivoted about the axis 21a parallel to the pin 7, which is a enables exact machining of the walls of trenches to be excavated with an excavator placed next to the trench.
  • an axis, for. B. the axis 6 can be pivoted about a bolt 26. If both axes are designed to be pivotable, a lock, e.g. B.hydraulically., Which is advantageous even with a pivotable axis.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 corresponds to the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the same reference numerals are therefore used for the same parts.
  • the wheels 3, 4 are not individually accommodated on associated wheel suspensions. Rather, the wheels 3, 4 of each track are supported on a common double wheel suspension 30, which in turn is accommodated on the excavator chassis 2 so that it can be laterally tilted about a tilt axis parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the excavator.
  • this also has two axes 5, 6 running transversely to the longitudinal direction, which are provided on both sides with retractable and extendable axis extension pieces 8.
  • the double support of the double wheel suspensions 30 and the bridging of the axles 5, 6 by the longitudinal double lateral suspension 30 result in a high stability.
  • One of the axes 5, 6 can be tilted around a pin 26 running in the longitudinal direction of the excavator in order to achieve a good adaptation to the terrain, as in the above examples.
  • the bolts 31 running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle have a corresponding degree of freedom.
  • the dual wheel suspensions 30 provided here in tracks also enable a drive connection of the wheels 3, 4 of each track arranged one behind the other.
  • the front wheels 3 can be driven in the form of a hydraulic motor 27 by means of a drive motor coupled directly to each.
  • the rear wheels 4 are connected by a transmission gear 32, in the form of a chain drive, to the respective adjacent front wheel 3. This results in all-wheel drive and yet only one drive motor is required per track, which reduces the construction effort.
  • the double wheel suspensions 30, each receiving a front wheel and the rear wheel connected to it in terms of drive are designed as hollow box girders. This enables the transmission gears 32 to be accommodated in a protected manner.
  • the output shafts of the hydraulic motors 27 are connected directly to the respectively assigned front wheel 3 and provided with a chain wheel for driving the assigned rear wheel 4.
  • the hydraulic motors 27 are accordingly arranged coaxially with the respectively assigned front wheel 3.
  • the chassis 2 can be provided with stops of the type indicated in FIGS. 3 and 4 at 16 and 28, not shown in detail here, which are offset upwards or downwards relative to the tilting axis, on which the box-shaped double wheel suspensions 30 with their inside for contact come.
  • Corresponding system cams 33 are indicated schematically in FIG. The actuation of the axle extension pieces 8 acting on the wheel suspensions 30 can take place in the manner described in connection with FIGS.
  • FIG. 6 shows in the right half an example with a cylinder-piston unit 34 which engages in the center on the assigned double wheel suspension 30 and is supported on the chassis 2 on the other side.
  • a rotary motor 35 for retracting and extending the axle extension pieces 8 , for example in the form of a hydraulic rotary piston engine, use.
  • gear wheels 37 can be designed cambered in relation to the pivotability of the axis 6 provided here with respect to the bolt 26.
  • the axis extension pieces 8 can be provided with chamber-shaped recesses, so that despite the required toothing, reliable longitudinal guidance of the axis extension pieces 8 in the associated axis 5, 6 is ensured.
  • the racks 38 can be arranged adjustable.
  • the synchronizing shaft 36 is simply freely rotatable.
  • An arrangement of this type can also be used in the case of individually driven axle extension pieces 8, for example of the type on which FIGS. 1 to 4 are based, provided mechanical synchronization is desired.
  • the synchronizing shaft 36 is driven directly by means of the rotary motor 35.
  • the synchronizing shaft 36 is accordingly connected in terms of drive to the motor 35 attached to the chassis 2, for example inserted through the rotor and wedged therewith.
  • the principle on which the invention is based is not only applicable to the exemplary embodiments described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 6.
  • the double wheel suspensions 30 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 could also be arranged on only one axis extension arranged to prevent tipping tion piece be added so that there would be a cross-shaped chassis shape instead of the H-shaped chassis. It would also be conceivable to synchronize the axis extension pieces 8 in pairs in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4 and to move them by means of a common actuating device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP87104325A 1986-08-14 1987-03-24 Machine excavatrice, notamment un véhicule de petite dimension avec entraînement hydraulique Expired - Lifetime EP0256206B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87104325T ATE61831T1 (de) 1986-08-14 1987-03-24 Bagger, insbesondere selbstfahrender, hydraulischer universal-kleinbagger.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3627719 1986-08-14
DE3627719A DE3627719C1 (de) 1986-08-14 1986-08-14 Bagger,insbesondere selbstfahrender hydraulischer Universal-Kleinbagger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0256206A1 true EP0256206A1 (fr) 1988-02-24
EP0256206B1 EP0256206B1 (fr) 1991-03-20

Family

ID=6307461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87104325A Expired - Lifetime EP0256206B1 (fr) 1986-08-14 1987-03-24 Machine excavatrice, notamment un véhicule de petite dimension avec entraînement hydraulique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4807374A (fr)
EP (1) EP0256206B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63142128A (fr)
KR (1) KR880003075A (fr)
AT (1) ATE61831T1 (fr)
DE (3) DE3627719C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9406572U1 (de) * 1994-04-20 1994-10-06 Teupen Maschinenbaugesellschaf Fahrwerk, insbesondere für mobile Arbeitsgeräte und Fahrzeuge
DE10117455A1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2002-11-07 Rexroth Indramat Gmbh Verfahren zum synchronisierten Betrieb von Maschinen mit durch Einzelantriebe angetriebenen Achsen
US20030189329A1 (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-09 Smith Francis V. Combination hauling vehicle and low boy trailer and trailer with outrigger assembly
US7963361B2 (en) * 2008-09-24 2011-06-21 Deere & Company Steering axle transport positioning structure and method
CN104860155A (zh) * 2015-04-07 2015-08-26 吴传涛 一种插接式导向轮组
GB2591143B (en) * 2020-01-20 2023-11-08 Bamford Excavators Ltd An undercarriage
US11459034B2 (en) * 2021-01-20 2022-10-04 J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited Undercarriage

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1113811A (fr) * 1953-10-07 1956-04-04 Rheinmetall Ag Châssis de roulement, à écartement de voie variable, pour véhicules sur routes, sur terre et sur rails
DE1484607A1 (de) * 1963-02-19 1969-11-06 Anton Berkenheger Grabensohlen-Raeumgeraet
FR2010583A1 (fr) * 1968-06-10 1970-02-20 Menzi Ag Ernst
CH510180A (de) * 1969-07-25 1971-07-15 Menzi Ag Ernst Unterstützkonstruktion für einen Bagger
US3625381A (en) * 1969-05-26 1971-12-07 Menzi Ag Ernst Wheel mounting for a vehicular excavating machine
FR2139828A1 (fr) * 1971-04-15 1973-01-12 Konijn Machinebouw Nv
US4241803A (en) * 1978-02-22 1980-12-30 Willy Habegger Wheel-support assembly for rolling and stepping vehicles, especially cranes, excavating machinery and the like

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436799A (en) * 1945-07-07 1948-03-02 Lester P Frost Outrigger type support
US3236324A (en) * 1964-01-13 1966-02-22 James G Levratto Vehicle with extendable wheels
US3279622A (en) * 1964-10-27 1966-10-18 Edgar L Person Vehicle stabilizing means
NO132910C (fr) * 1974-07-19 1976-01-28 Ingebret Soyland
FR2339563A1 (fr) * 1976-01-27 1977-08-26 Ppm Sa Structure telescopique munie d'un detecteur de la position relative de deux troncons
FR2351044A1 (fr) * 1976-05-12 1977-12-09 Creusot Loire Dispositif d'actionnement hydraulique associe a une poutre stabilisatrice d'engins pour terrains non amenages
AT375703B (de) * 1979-12-24 1984-09-10 Kaiser Josef Bagger
FR2530604B1 (fr) * 1982-07-23 1986-06-20 Gibert Pierre Vehicule de manutention a bras orientable et chassis stabilisateur incorpore
US4597498A (en) * 1982-10-22 1986-07-01 East/West Industries, Inc. Mobile maintenance stand and crane apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1113811A (fr) * 1953-10-07 1956-04-04 Rheinmetall Ag Châssis de roulement, à écartement de voie variable, pour véhicules sur routes, sur terre et sur rails
DE1484607A1 (de) * 1963-02-19 1969-11-06 Anton Berkenheger Grabensohlen-Raeumgeraet
FR2010583A1 (fr) * 1968-06-10 1970-02-20 Menzi Ag Ernst
US3625381A (en) * 1969-05-26 1971-12-07 Menzi Ag Ernst Wheel mounting for a vehicular excavating machine
CH510180A (de) * 1969-07-25 1971-07-15 Menzi Ag Ernst Unterstützkonstruktion für einen Bagger
FR2139828A1 (fr) * 1971-04-15 1973-01-12 Konijn Machinebouw Nv
US4241803A (en) * 1978-02-22 1980-12-30 Willy Habegger Wheel-support assembly for rolling and stepping vehicles, especially cranes, excavating machinery and the like

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3768733D1 (de) 1991-04-25
DE3627719C1 (de) 1988-03-03
DE3802584C1 (en) 1989-08-31
KR880003075A (ko) 1988-05-13
EP0256206B1 (fr) 1991-03-20
JPS63142128A (ja) 1988-06-14
US4807374A (en) 1989-02-28
ATE61831T1 (de) 1991-04-15

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