EP0254023B1 - Apparatus for feeding and metering - Google Patents

Apparatus for feeding and metering Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254023B1
EP0254023B1 EP87108563A EP87108563A EP0254023B1 EP 0254023 B1 EP0254023 B1 EP 0254023B1 EP 87108563 A EP87108563 A EP 87108563A EP 87108563 A EP87108563 A EP 87108563A EP 0254023 B1 EP0254023 B1 EP 0254023B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
housing
cleaning material
sieve insert
sieve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87108563A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0254023A1 (en
Inventor
Kay Bödecker
Robert Scheurl
Hans-Erwin Strasser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ecolab Engineering GmbH
Original Assignee
Lang Apparatebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lang Apparatebau GmbH filed Critical Lang Apparatebau GmbH
Priority to AT87108563T priority Critical patent/ATE57086T1/en
Publication of EP0254023A1 publication Critical patent/EP0254023A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0254023B1 publication Critical patent/EP0254023B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F21/00—Dissolving
    • B01F21/20—Dissolving using flow mixing
    • B01F21/22—Dissolving using flow mixing using additional holders in conduits, containers or pools for keeping the solid material in place, e.g. supports or receptacles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/44—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants
    • A47L15/4436—Devices for adding cleaning agents; Devices for dispensing cleaning agents, rinsing aids or deodorants in the form of a detergent solution made by gradually dissolving a powder detergent cake or a solid detergent block
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4891—With holder for solid, flaky or pulverized material to be dissolved or entrained

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the preparation of a suspension from a supply of powdered, granular or block-shaped cleaning material by spraying water by means of nozzles into a container containing the cleaning material and provided with a pivoting lid and a sieve for the metered addition of detergent, in particular for commercial dishwashers .
  • Devices for creating suspensions from a supply of cleaning material for metered addition of cleaning agent to commercial dishwashers have hitherto been known, in particular, for block-shaped cleaning material. These are generally adapted to certain dimensions of the cleaner and are not suitable for the use of powdered or granular detergent material. Powdery cleaning material cannot be dissolved in such devices in a targeted and metered manner and clumps in them. Therefore, it is still common today to feed small and medium-sized dishwashing detergent powder by manual metering, for example by adding powder directly from the packaging. Skin contact with the cleaning material cannot always be excluded. There is also the risk that when refilling cleaning material, residual amounts of suspension still present in the device will spray out.
  • block-shaped cleaning material for dishwashers is cast, for example, in cartridges which are relatively expensive to manufacture.
  • DE-U 8 405 194 discloses a induction pan for powdered detergent or dishwashing detergent for use in washing machines or dishwashers with a grille body which retains the powdery detergent or dishwashing detergent, in which the grille body acts as one in the induction pan insertable detergent or detergent receptacle is formed, which is separated from the induction pan wall by a gap.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a solution which enables the cleaning material to be conveniently and easily handled during filling, as well as a good and safe dissolution and rinsing out of the cleaning material.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention by a sieve insert receiving the cleaning material, at least one sieve insert with the cover being swung open from its horizontal position of use against the inside of the spring element pivoting outwards with respect to the vertical housing axis and at least a arranged on the pivotable cover closure element which, when the cover is pivoted into the closed position, grasps the sieve insert and pivots it against the force of the spring element into its horizontal use position and holds it there.
  • the device according to the invention enables the operator to receive a convenient and simple filling with powder, granular or block-shaped cleaning material when the screen insert inclines the operator when the lid is swung open.
  • the invention provides two cross-sectionally substantially nose-shaped closure elements which, when the cover is pivoted into the closed position, capture side webs formed on the screen insert and, in the closed position, rest on the side webs with at least a portion of their edge surface facing away from the lid.
  • this special design ensures problem-free pivoting of the lid and the sieve insert.
  • it makes a contribution to securing the cover against unintentional opening, since due to the fact that the edge surfaces on the side webs facing away from the lid fit during the opening process, the tips of the closure elements first slide along the side webs before they are lifted off by the pivoting movement of the lid. The resulting frictional force counteracts the opening movement of the cover.
  • the invention provides that the cover has a step and in the area of its extent essentially two thirds the width of the top of the housing and essentially one fifth the height of the front of the housing. This configuration results in a sufficiently large fill opening for a convenient filling of the device with cleaning material when the lid is pivoted open.
  • the invention provides above the cleaner material in the region of the housing top wall which is not formed by the cover at an angle a of 5 to 10 °, with respect to the vertical housing axis, and arranged injectors which are aligned with the cleaner material.
  • injectors which are aligned with the cleaner material.
  • the device has a liquid level limiter arranged in the area of a drain opening with a lower opening in the bottom area of the housing and an upper opening approximately at the level of the maximum fill level of the cleaning material, as is further provided by the invention. This prevents
  • the invention provides in a further embodiment that the housing base has a gradient of 5 to 15 ° to the drain opening from at least three housing sides with respect to the horizontal positioning level of the sieve insert and the sieve insert is arranged above this housing base area. This avoids that about a suspension residue remains in the device, in the liquid level of which the bottom of the sieve insert is immersed, which could lead to splashing out of liquid when filled with cleaning material.
  • a sieve insert with a mesh size of 0.25 mm is advantageous for filling the device with conventional powdered cleaning material.
  • this mesh size prevents too much powder material from trickling through the sieve insert during filling and thereby hindering even suspension formation, but on the other hand ensures that there are sufficiently large water passage openings for spraying from the nozzle.
  • the invention further provides a sieve insert with mesh sizes of 0.25 mm or round holes from 0.6 to 0.8 mm in diameter.
  • the invention provides, in a further embodiment, an element arranged in the edge region of the cover and protruding into the housing interior or a chamber, in particular a magnet Hall element, for conveying the closed cover position to a device influencing the water supply.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in a further embodiment by a chamber formed in the housing for receiving a circuit board which influences the water supply and is actually connected to a conductivity measurement and is equipped with electronic components.
  • the device designated overall by 1 consists of a housing 2 with a cover 3 which can be swung open.
  • the housing 2 and the cover 3 enclose a housing interior 4 for the preparation of the suspension.
  • a chamber 5 for the water supply 6 and a chamber 7 for receiving a circuit board 9 equipped with electronic components 8 and a power supply 10 are formed in the housing 2.
  • a removable insert 11 Arranged in the interior 4 of the housing is a removable insert 11 which can be tilted in the direction of the front wall 12 of the housing 2.
  • the sieve insert (11) is open on the side which faces the removal opening of the housing 2 which can be closed by the cover 3, whereas its remaining side surfaces are limited by a sieve (not shown here) with a mesh size of 0.25 mm.
  • the sieve insert 11 is filled with a block-shaped cleaning material 13.
  • the sieve insert 11 lies on the bottom on the bottom 14 of the housing interior 4 and on supports 15.
  • the support points are aligned so that the bottom of the screen insert 11 is horizontally aligned in the use position.
  • the bottom surface 16 of the sieve insert 11 is essentially flat.
  • the sieve insert 11 may be made of stainless steel, but it may also consist of heat and chemical resistant plastic.
  • the housing base 14 has a drain opening 17, towards which the housing base 14 is oriented from three sides of the housing interior 4 with a gradient of 5 to 15 ° .
  • a connecting nipple 18 is arranged in the drain opening 17.
  • the supports 15 are arranged so that the sieve insert is always above the inclined housing bottom.
  • a spring element 20, which transmits a force to the side wall 21 of the sieve insert 11, is arranged on the rear wall 19 of the housing. This spring force tilts the sieve insert 11 when the cover 3 is pivoted open against the inside 22 of the front wall 12 of the housing, against which the sieve insert contacts an area 23 of one of its side faces.
  • two narrow, cross-sectionally nose-shaped closure elements 24 are arranged which, when the cover 3 is closed, grasp the side webs 25 of the sieve insert 11 and press it from the filling position shown in FIG. 1 into its horizontal use position and press the sieve insert 11 in during the suspension creation process hold on to this situation.
  • the closure elements 24 rest with partial regions 26 of their edge surfaces 27 facing away from the cover on the horizontal surfaces of the side webs 25.
  • the tips of the closure elements first slide along the surfaces of the side webs 25 before they are lifted off by the pivoting movement of the cover. The frictional force that occurs initially counteracts the opening movement of the cover. For this reason, closure elements are also mentioned here.
  • the side webs 25 are at the same time designed as handles for removing the sieve insert 11.
  • the cover 3 has a continuous step 28 and forms two thirds of the width B of the top of the housing and one fifth of the height H of the front of the housing in the area of its extension.
  • the orifices of the injection nozzles 31 point in the direction of the cleaning material 13.
  • the injection nozzles 31 are flat jet nozzles, the spray angles of which are indicated in FIG. 2 by the dash-dotted lines.
  • a liquid level limiter 32 protruding into the housing interior 4 is arranged above the drain opening 17.
  • This is an essentially cylindrical body which has a lower opening 33 in the region of the housing base 14 and an upper opening 34 which is approximately at the level of the maximum fill level 35 of the cleaning material 13.
  • an element 36 protruding into the chamber 5 is formed, which cooperates with a device 37 influencing the water supply.
  • a device 37 influencing the water supply In the example shown here, this may be the combination of a magnet 37 with a Hall element 36.
  • the element 36 and the device 37 act on a solenoid valve 38 arranged in the chamber 5, by means of which the water supply to the device 1 is controlled.
  • the housing 2 has two light indicators 39 in the area of the chamber 7 in the front wall thereof, which are optionally illuminated by lamps 40 or diodes arranged in the chamber 7.
  • the device 1 To fasten the device 1 to a wall or a machine part to which it is to be assigned, the device 1 has a plurality of fastening elements 41. These are partially designed as floating bearings in order to be able to compensate for any thermal expansion of the device 1.
  • the housing 2 and the cover 3 of the device consist of chemical and temperature resistant plastic, preferably of polyurethane foam.
  • the sieve insert 11 is filled with the powder, granule or block-shaped cleaning material 13. Subsequently, the device 1 is closed by pivoting back the cover 3, the closure elements 24 gripping the side webs 25 and sliding along them pushing the sieve insert 11 into its horizontal position of use on the housing base 14 and the supports 15. If a suspension is now to be created, the solenoid valve 38 opens the water inlet, whereupon water reaches the injection nozzles 31 in a manner not shown here and is sprayed onto the cleaning material 13 by means of the latter. Both hot water at a temperature of approximately 80 to 90 ° C. and cold water can be fed to the device. The cleaning material 13 dissolves in the water and forms the suspension with it.
  • a conductivity measuring device is preferably arranged, which measures the conductivity of the washing liquor in the dishwasher.
  • This conductivity measuring device interacts with the solenoid valve 38 and the circuit board 9 equipped with electronic components 8 in such a way that when a certain conductivity value in the washing liquor of the dishwasher is reached, the water supply to the injection nozzles 31 is interrupted and the water supply is opened again when a further conductivity value is reached.
  • the suspension flows along the housing base 14 to the lower opening 33 of the fill level limiter 32 and, in the case of high water supply, also through the upper opening 34, so that overflow and leakage of the suspension from the housing interior 4 is avoided.
  • the element 36 and the device 37 act in combination on the solenoid valve 38 such that the water supply to the device 1 is already present when the cover 3 is not completely closed is interrupted.
  • a transparent sight glass for observing the suspension in the housing interior 4 can be embedded in the front 12.
  • the closure elements can also be designed as brackets or molded projections arranged on the cover.

Abstract

A device for the preparation of a suspension from a supply of powdered, granular or block-form detergent by spraying water through nozzles into a water-permeable container accommodating the detergent material, provided with a hinged cover, at least one biasing means which pivots the sieve-like container as the cover opens from its horizontal in-use position toward the inside of the front wall of the housing, which is inclined outward in relation to the vertical housing axis, and at least one closure element which is arranged on the pivotal cover and which, as the cover pivots into its closed position, engages the container and turns it against the force of the biasing means into its horizontal in-use position, keeping it in that position.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Suspensionserstellung aus einem Vorrat an pulver-, granulat- oder blockförmigem Reinigermaterial durch Einsprühen von Wasser mittels Düsen in ein den Reinigermaterialvorrat enthaltendes und mit einem schwenkbaren Deckel sowie einem Sieb versehenes Behältnis für die dosierte Reinigungsmittelzugabe insbesondere zu gewerblichen Spülmaschinen.The invention relates to a device for the preparation of a suspension from a supply of powdered, granular or block-shaped cleaning material by spraying water by means of nozzles into a container containing the cleaning material and provided with a pivoting lid and a sieve for the metered addition of detergent, in particular for commercial dishwashers .

Vorrichtungen zur Suspensionserstellung aus einem Vorrat an Reinigermaterial für eine dosierte Reinigungsmittelzugabe zu gewerblichen Spülmaschinen sind bisher insbesondere für blockförmiges Reinigermaterial bekannt. Diese sind in der Regel an bestimmte Reinigerblockabmessungen angepaßt und für den Einsatz von pulver- oder granulatförmigem Reinigermaterial nicht geeignet. Pulverförmiges Reinigermaterial läßt sich in derartigen Vorrichtungen nicht gezielt und dosiert auflösen und verklumpt in diesen. Daher ist es heutzutage noch üblich, kleinen und mittleren Geschirrspülmaschinen pulverförmiges Reinigermaterial durch manuelles Zudosieren, beispielsweise durch Zuschütten von Pulver direkt aus der Verpackung zuzuführen. Hierbei läßt sich ein Hautkontakt mit dem Reinigermaterial nicht immer ausschließen. Außerdem besteht die Gefahr, daß beim Nachfüllen von Reinigermaterial Restmengen von noch in der Vorrichtung vorhandener Suspension herausspritzen.Devices for creating suspensions from a supply of cleaning material for metered addition of cleaning agent to commercial dishwashers have hitherto been known, in particular, for block-shaped cleaning material. These are generally adapted to certain dimensions of the cleaner and are not suitable for the use of powdered or granular detergent material. Powdery cleaning material cannot be dissolved in such devices in a targeted and metered manner and clumps in them. Therefore, it is still common today to feed small and medium-sized dishwashing detergent powder by manual metering, for example by adding powder directly from the packaging. Skin contact with the cleaning material cannot always be excluded. There is also the risk that when refilling cleaning material, residual amounts of suspension still present in the device will spray out.

Blockförmiges Reinigermaterial für Geschirrspülmaschinen ist zur Vermeidung dieses Risikos beispielsweise in relativ aufwendig herzustellende Kartuschen vergossen.To avoid this risk, block-shaped cleaning material for dishwashers is cast, for example, in cartridges which are relatively expensive to manufacture.

Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist aus der EP-A 0 058 507 bekannt. Diese weist aber den bereits vorstehend erwähnten Nachteil auf, daß hier beim Nachfüllen von pulverförmigem Reinigermaterial die Gefahr des in Berührungkommens mit dem Reinigermaterial sowie des Herausspritzens von noch in der Vorrichtung befindlicher Restsuspension nicht auszuschließen ist.A generic device is known from EP-A 0 058 507. However, this has the disadvantage already mentioned above that when refilling powdered detergent material, the risk of coming into contact with the detergent material and splashing out of the residual suspension still in the device cannot be ruled out.

Weiterhin ist aus der DE-U 8 405 194 eine Einspülwanne für pulverförmiges Wasch- oder Spülmittel zur Verwendung in Wasch- oder Geschirrspülmaschinen mit einem das pulverförmige Wasch-oder Spülmittel zurückhaltenden Gitter-Körper bekannt, bei welcher der Gitter-Körper als ein in die Einspülwanne einbringbarer Wasch- oder Spülmittel-Aufnahmebehälter ausgebildet ist, der gegenüber der Einspülwannen-Wandung durch einen Spalt getrennt ist.Furthermore, DE-U 8 405 194 discloses a induction pan for powdered detergent or dishwashing detergent for use in washing machines or dishwashers with a grille body which retains the powdery detergent or dishwashing detergent, in which the grille body acts as one in the induction pan insertable detergent or detergent receptacle is formed, which is separated from the induction pan wall by a gap.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer Lösung, die eine bequeme und einfache Handhabbarkeit des Reinigermaterials bei der Füllung sowie eine gute und sichere Auflösung und Ausspülung des Reinigermaterials ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a solution which enables the cleaning material to be conveniently and easily handled during filling, as well as a good and safe dissolution and rinsing out of the cleaning material.

Bei der Vorrichtung der eingangs bezeichneten Art wird diese Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch einen das Reinigermaterial aufnehmenden Siebeinsatz, zumindest ein den Siebeinsatz bei aufschwenkendem Deckel aus seiner waagerechten Gebrauchsstellung gegen die Innenseite der in Bezug auf die lotrechte Gehäuseachse nach außen geneigten Gehäusevorderwand schwenkendes Federelement und zumindest ein an dem schwenkbaren Deckel angeordnetes Verschlußelement, das bei in die Verschlußstellung schwenkendem Deckel den Siebeinsatz erfaßt und diesen gegen die Kraft des Federelementes in seine waagerechte Gebrauchsstellung schwenkt sowie diesen dort festhält.In the device of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention by a sieve insert receiving the cleaning material, at least one sieve insert with the cover being swung open from its horizontal position of use against the inside of the spring element pivoting outwards with respect to the vertical housing axis and at least a arranged on the pivotable cover closure element which, when the cover is pivoted into the closed position, grasps the sieve insert and pivots it against the force of the spring element into its horizontal use position and holds it there.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht dadurch, daß der das Reinigermaterial aufnehmende Siebeinsatz sich beim Aufschwenken des Deckels dem Bedienungspersonal zuneigt, ein bequemes und einfaches Befüllen mit pulver-, granulat- oder blockförmigem Reinigermaterial.The device according to the invention enables the operator to receive a convenient and simple filling with powder, granular or block-shaped cleaning material when the screen insert inclines the operator when the lid is swung open.

In vorteilhafter und besonders zweckmäßiger Weitergestaltung sieht die Erfindung zwei querschnittlich im wesentlichen nasenförmig ausgebildete Verschlußelemente vor, welche beim Einschwenken des Deckels in die Verschlußstellung an dem Siebeinsatz angeformte Seitenstege erfassen und in der Verschlußstellung zumindest mit einem Teilbereich ihrer deckelabgewandten Kantenfläche auf den Seitenstegen aufliegen. Zum einen gewährleistet diese spezielle Ausbildung ein problemloses Verschwenken des Deckels und des Siebeinsatzes. Zum anderen leistet sie einen Beitrag zur Sicherung des Deckels gegen ein unbeabsichtigtes Öffnen, da aufgrund des Anliegens der deckelabgewandten Kantenflächen auf den Seitenstegen beim Öffnungsvorgang die Spitzen der Verschlußelemente zunächst auf den Seitenstegen reibend entlanggleiten, bevor sie durch die Schwenkbewegung des Deckels abgehoben werden. Die hierbei auftretende Reibungskraft wirkt der Öffnungsbewegung des Deckels entgegen.In an advantageous and particularly expedient refinement, the invention provides two cross-sectionally substantially nose-shaped closure elements which, when the cover is pivoted into the closed position, capture side webs formed on the screen insert and, in the closed position, rest on the side webs with at least a portion of their edge surface facing away from the lid. On the one hand, this special design ensures problem-free pivoting of the lid and the sieve insert. On the other hand, it makes a contribution to securing the cover against unintentional opening, since due to the fact that the edge surfaces on the side webs facing away from the lid fit during the opening process, the tips of the closure elements first slide along the side webs before they are lifted off by the pivoting movement of the lid. The resulting frictional force counteracts the opening movement of the cover.

In Ausgestaltung sieht die Erfindung vor, daß der Deckel eine Stufe aufweist und im Bereich seiner Erstreckung im wesentlichen zu zwei Drittel die Breite der Gehäuseoberseite und im wesentlichen zu ein Fünftel die Höhe der Gehäusevorderseite bildet. Durch diese Ausgestaltung ergibt sich bei aufgeschwenktem Deckel eine ausreichend große Einfüllöffnung für eine bequeme Befüllung der Vorrichtung mit Reinigermaterial.In an embodiment, the invention provides that the cover has a step and in the area of its extent essentially two thirds the width of the top of the housing and essentially one fifth the height of the front of the housing. This configuration results in a sufficiently large fill opening for a convenient filling of the device with cleaning material when the lid is pivoted open.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung sieht die Erfindung oberhalb des Reinigermaterials in dem nicht von dem Deckel gebildeten Bereich der Gehäuseoberwand in einem Winkel a von 5 bis 10°, in Bezug auf die lotrechte Gehäuseachse, geneigt und auf das Reinigermaterial ausgerichtet angeordnete Einspritzdüsen vor. Eine derartige Anordnung der Einspritzdüsen ermöglicht zum einen ein optimales Auflösen und Ausspülen des Reinigermaterials und verhindert zum anderen, daß beim Öffnen des Deckels die Düsen mitverschwenkt werden. Letzteres könnte gegebenenfalls dazu führen, daß sich bei nicht abgestelltem Wasserzulauf beim Öffnen des Deckels ein eventuell heißer Wasserstrahl auf das Bedienungspersonal richtet.In a further embodiment, the invention provides above the cleaner material in the region of the housing top wall which is not formed by the cover at an angle a of 5 to 10 °, with respect to the vertical housing axis, and arranged injectors which are aligned with the cleaner material. Such an arrangement of the injection nozzles on the one hand enables the detergent material to be optimally dissolved and rinsed out, and on the other hand prevents the nozzles from being pivoted when the lid is opened. The latter could possibly result in a possibly hot water jet directed at the operating personnel when the water supply is not switched off when the lid is opened.

Weiterhin ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Vorrichtung einen im Bereich einer Ablauföffnung angeordneten Flüssigkeitsstandsbegrenzer mit einer unteren Öffnung im Bodenbereich des Gehäuses und einer oberen Öffnung in etwa in Höhe des maximalen Füllstandes des Reinigermaterials aufweist, wie es die Erfindung weiterhin vorsieht. Dadurch wird verhindert,Furthermore, it is expedient that the device has a liquid level limiter arranged in the area of a drain opening with a lower opening in the bottom area of the housing and an upper opening approximately at the level of the maximum fill level of the cleaning material, as is further provided by the invention. This prevents

daß es zu einem Flüssigkeitsüberlauf aus der Vorrichtung heraus kommt.that there is a liquid overflow from the device.

Um Produktablagerungen und das Verbleiben von Suspensionsresten im Bereich des Gehäusebodens zu vermeiden, sieht die Erfindung in weiterer Ausgestaltung vor, daß der Gehäuseboden von zumindest drei Gehäuseseiten her in Bezug auf die waagerechte Stellebene des Siebeinsatzes ein Gefälle von 5 bis 15° zur Ablauföffnung hin aufweist und der Siebeinsatz oberhalb dieses Gehäusebodenbereiches angeordnet ist. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß in der Vorrichtung etwa ein Suspensionsrest verbleibt, in dessen Flüssigkeitsspiegel der Boden des Siebeinsatzes eintaucht, was bei der Befüllung mit Reinigermaterial zum Herausspritzen von Flüssigkeit führen könnte.In order to avoid product deposits and the remains of suspension residues in the area of the housing base, the invention provides in a further embodiment that the housing base has a gradient of 5 to 15 ° to the drain opening from at least three housing sides with respect to the horizontal positioning level of the sieve insert and the sieve insert is arranged above this housing base area. This avoids that about a suspension residue remains in the device, in the liquid level of which the bottom of the sieve insert is immersed, which could lead to splashing out of liquid when filled with cleaning material.

Für die Befüllung der Vorrichtung mit üblichem pulverförmigem Reinigermaterial ist ein Siebeinsatz mit einer Maschenweite von 0,25 mm vorteilhaft. Diese Maschenweite verhindert auf der einen Seite, daß bei der Befüllung zuviel Pulvermaterial durch den Siebeinsatz hindurchrieselt und dadurch eine gleichmäßige Suspensionserstellung behindert, gewährleistet auf der anderen Seite aber noch genügend große Wasserdurchtrittsöffnungen für die Besprühung aus der Düse.A sieve insert with a mesh size of 0.25 mm is advantageous for filling the device with conventional powdered cleaning material. On the one hand, this mesh size prevents too much powder material from trickling through the sieve insert during filling and thereby hindering even suspension formation, but on the other hand ensures that there are sufficiently large water passage openings for spraying from the nozzle.

Bei der Verwendung von granulatförmigem Reinigermaterial üblicher Größe ist es aus den vorstehenden Gründen zweckmäßig, Rundlöcher von 0,6 bis 0,8 mm Durchmesser vorzusehen.For the above reasons, when using granular detergent material of conventional size, it is advisable to provide round holes with a diameter of 0.6 to 0.8 mm.

Daher sieht die Erfindung weiterhin einen Siebeinsatz mit Maschenweiten von 0,25 mm oder Rundlöchern von 0,6 bis 0,8 mm Durchmesser vor.Therefore, the invention further provides a sieve insert with mesh sizes of 0.25 mm or round holes from 0.6 to 0.8 mm in diameter.

Zur Abschaltung des Wasserzulaufes bei geöffnetem Deckel sieht die Erfindung in weiterer Ausgestaltung ein im Randbereich des Deckels angeordnetes und in den Gehäuseinnenraum oder eine Kammer hineinragendes Element, insbesondere ein Magnet-Hall-Element, zur Vermittlung der geschlossenen Deckelstellung an eine den Wasserzulauf beeinflussende Einrichtung vor.To switch off the water supply when the cover is open, the invention provides, in a further embodiment, an element arranged in the edge region of the cover and protruding into the housing interior or a chamber, in particular a magnet Hall element, for conveying the closed cover position to a device influencing the water supply.

Schließlich zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in weiterer Gestaltung durch eine in dem Gehäuse ausgebildete Kammer zur Aufnahme einer den Wasserzulauf beeinflussenden sowie mit einer Leitfähigkeitsmessung wirkmäßig in Verbindung stehenden, mit elektronischen Bauteilen bestückten Platine aus.Finally, the device according to the invention is characterized in a further embodiment by a chamber formed in the housing for receiving a circuit board which influences the water supply and is actually connected to a conductivity measurement and is equipped with electronic components.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in

  • Figur 1 eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Schnitt; in
  • Figur 2 eine Vorderansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, im wesentlichen im Schnitt; in
  • Figur 3 eine teilweise geschnittene Aufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und in
  • Figur 4 eine perspektivische Aufsicht bei geöffnetem Deckel.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. This shows in
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a device according to the invention in section; in
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a device according to the invention, essentially in section; in
  • Figure 3 is a partially sectioned plan view of a device according to the invention and in
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view with the lid open.

Die insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Gehäuse 2 mit einem aufschwenkbaren Deckel 3. Das Gehäuse 2 und der Deckel 3 umschließen einen Gehäuseinnenraum 4 für die Suspensionserstellung. Ferner sind in dem Gehäuse 2 eine Kammer 5 für die Wasserzuführung 6 und eine Kammer 7 zur Aufnahme einer mit elektronischen Bauteilen 8 bestückten Platinen 9 und einer Stromzuführung 10 ausgebildet.The device designated overall by 1 consists of a housing 2 with a cover 3 which can be swung open. The housing 2 and the cover 3 enclose a housing interior 4 for the preparation of the suspension. Furthermore, a chamber 5 for the water supply 6 and a chamber 7 for receiving a circuit board 9 equipped with electronic components 8 and a power supply 10 are formed in the housing 2.

In dem Gehäuseinnenraum 4 ist ein entnehmbarer und in Richtung der Vorderwand 12 des Gehäuses 2 kippbarer Siebeinsatz 11 angeordnet. Der Siebeinsatz (11) ist auf der Seite, welche der durch den Deckel 3 verschließbar ausgebildeten Entnahmeöffnung des Gehäuses 2 zugewandt ist, offen, wohingegen seine restlichen Seitenflächen durch ein hier nicht näher dargestelltes Sieb mit einer Maschenweite von 0,25 mm begrenzt sind. Der Siebeinsatz 11 ist in dem hier dargestellten Beispiel mit einem blockförmigen Reinigermaterial 13 befüllt. Der Siebeinsatz 11 liegt bodenseitig auf dem Boden 14 des Gehäuseinnenraumes 4 und auf Auflagen 15 auf.Arranged in the interior 4 of the housing is a removable insert 11 which can be tilted in the direction of the front wall 12 of the housing 2. The sieve insert (11) is open on the side which faces the removal opening of the housing 2 which can be closed by the cover 3, whereas its remaining side surfaces are limited by a sieve (not shown here) with a mesh size of 0.25 mm. In the example shown here, the sieve insert 11 is filled with a block-shaped cleaning material 13. The sieve insert 11 lies on the bottom on the bottom 14 of the housing interior 4 and on supports 15.

Die Auflagepunkte sind so zueinander ausgerichtet, daß der Boden des Siebeinsatzes 11 in Gebrauchsstellung waagerecht ausgerichtet ist. Die Bodenfläche 16 des Siebeinsatzes 11 ist im wesentlichen eben ausgebildet. Der Siebeinsatz 11 möge in dem hier dargestellten Beispiel aus Edelstahl gefertigt sein, er kann jedoch auch aus wärme- und chemikalienresistentem Kunststoff bestehen.The support points are aligned so that the bottom of the screen insert 11 is horizontally aligned in the use position. The bottom surface 16 of the sieve insert 11 is essentially flat. In the example shown here, the sieve insert 11 may be made of stainless steel, but it may also consist of heat and chemical resistant plastic.

Der Gehäuseboden 14 weist eine Ablauföffnung 17 auf, zu der hin der Gehäuseboden 14 von drei Seiten des Gehäuseinnenraumes 4 her mit einem Gefälle von 5 bis 15° ausgerichtet ist. In der Ablauföffnung 17 ist ein Anschlußnippel 18 angeordnet.The housing base 14 has a drain opening 17, towards which the housing base 14 is oriented from three sides of the housing interior 4 with a gradient of 5 to 15 ° . A connecting nipple 18 is arranged in the drain opening 17.

Die Auflagen 15 sind so angeordnet, daß sich der Siebeinsatz immer oberhalb des geneigt verlaufenden Gehäusebodens befindet.The supports 15 are arranged so that the sieve insert is always above the inclined housing bottom.

An der Gehäuserückwand 19 ist ein Federelement 20 angeordnet, das eine Kraft auf die Seitenwand 21 des Siebeinsatzes 11 überträgt. Diese Federkraft kippt den Siebeinsatz 11 bei aufgeschwenktem Deckel 3 gegen die Innenseite 22 der Gehäusevorderwand 12, an die sich der Siebeinsatz mit einem Bereich 23 einer seiner Seitenflächen anlegt.A spring element 20, which transmits a force to the side wall 21 of the sieve insert 11, is arranged on the rear wall 19 of the housing. This spring force tilts the sieve insert 11 when the cover 3 is pivoted open against the inside 22 of the front wall 12 of the housing, against which the sieve insert contacts an area 23 of one of its side faces.

An dem schwenkbaren Deckel 3 sind zwei schmale, querschnittlich nasenförmige Verschlußelemente 24 angeordnet, die beim Schließen des Deckels 3 die Seitenstege 25 des Siebeinsatzes 11 erfassen und diesen aus der in Figur 1 dargestellten Befüllungsstellung in seine waagerechte Gebrauchsstellung drücken und den Siebeinsatz 11 während des Suspensionserstellungsvorganges in dieser Lage festhalten. In der geschlossenen Deckelstellung liegen die Verschlußelemente 24 mit Teilbereichen 26 ihrer deckelabgewandten Kantenflächen 27 auf den waagerechten Flächen der Seitenstege 25 auf. Beim Öffnungsvorgang gleiten die Spitzen der Verschlußelemente zunächst reibend auf den Flächen der Seitenstege 25 entlang, bevor sie durch die Schwenkbewegung des Deckels von diesen abgehoben werden. Die hierbei zunächst auftretende Reibungskraft wirkt der Öffnungsbewegung des Deckels entgegen. Aus diesem Grund ist hier auch von Verschlußelementen die Rede.On the swiveling cover 3, two narrow, cross-sectionally nose-shaped closure elements 24 are arranged which, when the cover 3 is closed, grasp the side webs 25 of the sieve insert 11 and press it from the filling position shown in FIG. 1 into its horizontal use position and press the sieve insert 11 in during the suspension creation process hold on to this situation. In the closed cover position, the closure elements 24 rest with partial regions 26 of their edge surfaces 27 facing away from the cover on the horizontal surfaces of the side webs 25. During the opening process, the tips of the closure elements first slide along the surfaces of the side webs 25 before they are lifted off by the pivoting movement of the cover. The frictional force that occurs initially counteracts the opening movement of the cover. For this reason, closure elements are also mentioned here.

Die Seitenstege 25 sind gleichzeitig als Haltegriffe für das Herausnehmen des Siebeinsatzes 11 ausgebildet.The side webs 25 are at the same time designed as handles for removing the sieve insert 11.

Die Gehäusevorderwand 12 ist in Bezug auf die lotrechte Gehäuseachse A vom Gehäuseboden 14 ausgehend um einen Winkel (3 = 15° nach außen geneigt.The housing front wall 12 is in relation to the vertical housing axis A from the housing base 14 starting at an angle (3 = 15 ° inclined outwards.

Der Deckel 3 weist eine durchgehende Stufe 28 auf und bildet im Bereich seiner Erstreckung zu zwei Drittel die Breite B der Gehäuseoberseite und zu ein Fünftel die Höhe H der Gehäusevorderseite.The cover 3 has a continuous step 28 and forms two thirds of the width B of the top of the housing and one fifth of the height H of the front of the housing in the area of its extension.

Oberhalb des Siegeinsatzes 11 sind in dem nicht von dem Deckel 3 gebildeten Bereich 29 der Gehäuseoberwand 30 in dem Gehäuseinnenraum 4 Einspritzdüsen 31 angeordnet. Deren Längsachse ist in Bezug auf die lotrechte Gehäuseachse A in einem Winkel von a = 8° auf die Gehäuseachse A zugeneigt. Die Mündungsöffnungen der Einspritzdüsen 31 weisen in Richtung des Reinigermateriales 13. Bei den Einspritzdüsen 31 handelt es sich um Flachstrahldüsen, deren Spritzwinkel in Figur 2 durch die strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet sind.Above the victory insert 11, in the area 29 of the housing top wall 30 not formed by the cover 3, 4 injection nozzles 31 are arranged in the housing interior. Their longitudinal axis is inclined at an angle of a = 8 ° to the housing axis A with respect to the vertical housing axis A. The orifices of the injection nozzles 31 point in the direction of the cleaning material 13. The injection nozzles 31 are flat jet nozzles, the spray angles of which are indicated in FIG. 2 by the dash-dotted lines.

Über der Ablauföffnung 17 ist ein in den Gehäuseinnenraum 4 hineinragender Flüssigkeitsstandbegrenzer 32 angeordnet. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen im wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Körper, der eine untere Öffnung 33 im Bereich des Gehäusebodens 14 und eine obere Öffnung 34, die sich in etwa in der Höhe des maximalen Füllstandes 35 des Reinigermaterials 13 befindet, aufweist.A liquid level limiter 32 protruding into the housing interior 4 is arranged above the drain opening 17. This is an essentially cylindrical body which has a lower opening 33 in the region of the housing base 14 and an upper opening 34 which is approximately at the level of the maximum fill level 35 of the cleaning material 13.

In einem Randbereich des Deckels 3 ist ein in die Kammer 5 hineinragendes Element 36 ausgebildet, welches mit einer den Wasserzulauf beeinflussenden Einrichtung 37 zusammenwirkt. In dem hier dargestellten Beispiel möge es sich hierbei um die Kombination eines Magneten 37 mit einem Hall-Element 36 handeln. Das Element 36 und die Einrichtung 37 wirken auf ein in der Kammer 5 angeordnetes Magnetventil 38, durch das der Wasserzulauf zu der Vorrichtung 1 gesteuert wird.In an edge region of the cover 3, an element 36 protruding into the chamber 5 is formed, which cooperates with a device 37 influencing the water supply. In the example shown here, this may be the combination of a magnet 37 with a Hall element 36. The element 36 and the device 37 act on a solenoid valve 38 arranged in the chamber 5, by means of which the water supply to the device 1 is controlled.

Zur Anzeige bestimmter Betriebszustände weist das Gehäuse 2 im Bereich der Kammer 7 in deren Vorderwand zwei Leuchtanzeigen 39 auf, die gegebenenfalls durch in der Kammer 7 angeordnete Lampen 40 oder Dioden beleuchtet werden.To display certain operating states, the housing 2 has two light indicators 39 in the area of the chamber 7 in the front wall thereof, which are optionally illuminated by lamps 40 or diodes arranged in the chamber 7.

Zur Befestigung der Vorrichtung 1 an einer Wand oder einem Maschinenteil, welchem sie zugeordnet sein soll, weist die Vorrichtung 1 mehrere Befestigungselemente 41 auf. Diese sind teilweise als Loslager ausgebildet, um eventuelle Wärmeausdehnungen der Vorrichtung 1 ausgleichen zu können.To fasten the device 1 to a wall or a machine part to which it is to be assigned, the device 1 has a plurality of fastening elements 41. These are partially designed as floating bearings in order to be able to compensate for any thermal expansion of the device 1.

Das Gehäuse 2 und der Deckel 3 der Vorrichtung bestehen aus chemikalien- und temperaturbeständigem Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Polyurethanschaum.The housing 2 and the cover 3 of the device consist of chemical and temperature resistant plastic, preferably of polyurethane foam.

In der in Figur 1 dargestellten Stellung wird der Siebeinsatz 11 mit dem pulver-, granulat- oder blockförmigen Reinigermaterial 13 gefüllt. Anschließend wird die Vorrichtung 1 durch Zurückschwenken des Deckels 3 verschlossen, wobei die Verschlußelemente 24 die Seitenstege 25 erfassen und daran entlanggleitend den Siebeinsatz 11 in seine waagerechte Gebrauchsstellung auf den Gehäuseboden 14 und die Auflagen 15 drücken. Soll nun eine Suspension erstellt werden, öffnet das Magnetventil 38 den Wasserzulauf, worauf Wasser in hier nicht näher dargestellter Weise zu den Einspritzdüsen 31 gelangt und mittels dieser auf das Reinigermaterial 13 gesprüht wird. Hierbei kann der Vorrichtung sowohl heißes Wasser mit einer Temperatur von ca. 80 bis 90 °C als auch kaltes Wasser zugeführt werden. Das Reinigermaterial 13 löst sich in dem Wasser und bildet mit diesem die Suspension. Die Suspension wird dann durch die Ablauföffnung 17 beispielsweise einer gewerblichen Geschirrspülmaschine zugeführt. Im Bereich der gewerblichen Geschirrspülmaschine ist vorzugsweise eine Leitfähigkeitsmeßvorrichtung angeordnet, welche die Leitfähigkeit der Waschflotte in der Geschirrspülmaschine mißt. Diese Leitfähigkeitsmeßvorrichtung wirkt mit dem Magnetventil 38 und der mit elektronischen Bauteilen 8 bestückten Platine 9 derart zusammen, daß bei Erreichen eines bestimmten Leitfähigkeitswertes in der Waschflotte der Geschirrspülmaschine die Wasserzufuhr zu den Einspritzdüsen 31 unterbrochen und bei Erreichen eines weiteren Leitfähigkeitswertes die Wasserzufuhr wieder geöffnet wird.In the position shown in FIG. 1, the sieve insert 11 is filled with the powder, granule or block-shaped cleaning material 13. Subsequently, the device 1 is closed by pivoting back the cover 3, the closure elements 24 gripping the side webs 25 and sliding along them pushing the sieve insert 11 into its horizontal position of use on the housing base 14 and the supports 15. If a suspension is now to be created, the solenoid valve 38 opens the water inlet, whereupon water reaches the injection nozzles 31 in a manner not shown here and is sprayed onto the cleaning material 13 by means of the latter. Both hot water at a temperature of approximately 80 to 90 ° C. and cold water can be fed to the device. The cleaning material 13 dissolves in the water and forms the suspension with it. The suspension is then fed through the drain opening 17, for example to a commercial dishwasher. In the area of the commercial dishwasher, a conductivity measuring device is preferably arranged, which measures the conductivity of the washing liquor in the dishwasher. This conductivity measuring device interacts with the solenoid valve 38 and the circuit board 9 equipped with electronic components 8 in such a way that when a certain conductivity value in the washing liquor of the dishwasher is reached, the water supply to the injection nozzles 31 is interrupted and the water supply is opened again when a further conductivity value is reached.

In dem Gehäuseinnenraum 4 fließt die Suspension an dem Gehäuseboden 14 entlang zu der unteren Öffnung 33 des Füllstandsbegrenzers 32 sowie bei hoher Wasserzuführung auch durch die obere Öffnung 34, so daß ein Überlaufen und Austreten der Suspension aus dem Gehäuseinnnenraum 4 vermieden wird.In the housing interior 4, the suspension flows along the housing base 14 to the lower opening 33 of the fill level limiter 32 and, in the case of high water supply, also through the upper opening 34, so that overflow and leakage of the suspension from the housing interior 4 is avoided.

Um das Austreten von Wasser aus den Einspritzdüsen 31 bei geöffnetem oder teilweise geöffnetem Deckel 3 zu verhindern, wirken das Element 36 und die Einrichtung 37 in Kombination derart auf das Magnetventil 38 ein, daß bereits bei nicht vollständig verschlossenem Deckel 3 die Wasserzufuhr zu der Vorrichtung 1 unterbrochen wird.In order to prevent water from escaping from the injection nozzles 31 when the cover 3 is open or partially open, the element 36 and the device 37 act in combination on the solenoid valve 38 such that the water supply to the device 1 is already present when the cover 3 is not completely closed is interrupted.

Natürlich ist das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel in vielfacher Weise abänderbar ohne den Grundgedanken der Erfindung zu verlassen. So kann beispielsweise in der Vorderseite 12 ein transparentes Schauglas zur Beobachtung der Suspension in dem Gehäuseinneren 4 eingelassen sein.Of course, the described embodiment can be modified in many ways without departing from the basic idea of the invention. For example, a transparent sight glass for observing the suspension in the housing interior 4 can be embedded in the front 12.

Auch können die Verschlußelemente als an dem Deckel angeordnete Bügel oder angeformte Vorsprünge ausgebildet sein.The closure elements can also be designed as brackets or molded projections arranged on the cover.

Claims (9)

1. Device for the setting-up of a suspension from a stock of powdery, granulate or block-shaped cleaning material by spraying of water by means of nozzles into a container, which contains the cleaning material stock and is provided with a pivotable cover as well as with a sieve, for the metered addition of cleaning material, in particular to commercial rinsing machines, characterised by a sieve insert (11) receiving the cleaning material (13), at least one spring element (20), which on the cover (3) being pivoted up pivots the sieve insert (11) out of its horizontal position of use against the inward side (22) of the front housing wall (12), which is inclined outwards with respect to the vertical housing axis (A), and at least one closure element (24), which is arranged at the pivotable cover and which on the cover (3) being pivoted into the closure setting seizes the sieve insert (11) and pivots this into its horizontal position of use as well as retains this there against the force of the spring element (20).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised by two closure elements (24), which are constructed to be substantially lug-shaped in cross-section and which on the cover (3) being pivoted into the closure setting seize side webs (25) moulded on at the sieve insert (11) and in the closure setting rest on the side webs (25) by a partial region (26) of their edge surface (27) remote from the cover.
3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby, that the cover (3) displays a step (28) and in the range of its extent forms substantially two thirds of the width (B) of the upper housing side and substantially one fifth of the height (H) of the front housing side.
4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by injection nozzles (31), which are directed towards the cleaning material (13) and inclined at an angle a of 5 to 10° with respect to the vertical housing axis (A), arranged above the cleaning material (13) in that region (29) of the upper housing wall (30), which is not formed by the cover (3).
5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a liquid level limiter (32), which is arranged in the region of an outflow opening (17), with a lower opening (33) in the base region of the housing (2) and an upper opening (34) at about the height of the maximum filling level (35) of the cleaning material (13).
6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised thereby, that the housing base (14) displays a gradient of 5 to 15°, with respect to the horizontal setting plane of the sieve insert, from at least three housing sides towards the outflow opening (17) and the sieve insert (11) is arranged above this housing base region.
7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a sieve insert (11) with mesh sizes of 0.25 millimetres or with round holes of a diameter of 0.6 to 0.8 millimetres.
8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by an element (36), in particular a Hall-magnetic element, arranged in the rim region of the cover (3) and projecting into the interior housing space (4) or into a chamber (5, 7), for the communication of the closed cover setting to an equipment (37) influencing the water inflow.
9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised by a chamber (7), which is formed in the housing (2) and for the reception of a mounting plate (9) equipped with electronic components (8), in effect standing in communication with a conductivity measurement and influencing the water inflow.
EP87108563A 1986-06-21 1987-06-13 Apparatus for feeding and metering Expired - Lifetime EP0254023B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87108563T ATE57086T1 (en) 1986-06-21 1987-06-13 FLUSHING AND DOSING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863620900 DE3620900A1 (en) 1986-06-21 1986-06-21 DISCHARGE AND DOSING UNIT
DE3620900 1986-06-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254023A1 EP0254023A1 (en) 1988-01-27
EP0254023B1 true EP0254023B1 (en) 1990-10-03

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ID=6303463

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EP87108563A Expired - Lifetime EP0254023B1 (en) 1986-06-21 1987-06-13 Apparatus for feeding and metering

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US (1) US4735228A (en)
EP (1) EP0254023B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS633832A (en)
AT (1) ATE57086T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8703083A (en)
DE (2) DE3620900A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3765335D1 (en) 1990-11-08
EP0254023A1 (en) 1988-01-27
BR8703083A (en) 1988-03-08
ATE57086T1 (en) 1990-10-15
DE3620900C2 (en) 1989-08-10
DE3620900A1 (en) 1987-12-23
US4735228A (en) 1988-04-05
JPS633832A (en) 1988-01-08

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