EP0253050B1 - Elément électrique chauffant avec spires en forme de méandres - Google Patents

Elément électrique chauffant avec spires en forme de méandres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0253050B1
EP0253050B1 EP87100773A EP87100773A EP0253050B1 EP 0253050 B1 EP0253050 B1 EP 0253050B1 EP 87100773 A EP87100773 A EP 87100773A EP 87100773 A EP87100773 A EP 87100773A EP 0253050 B1 EP0253050 B1 EP 0253050B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
element according
insulating material
temperature switch
support bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87100773A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0253050A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Ohnmacht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eichenauer Heizelemente GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Fritz Eichenauer GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fritz Eichenauer GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Fritz Eichenauer GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0253050A1 publication Critical patent/EP0253050A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0253050B1 publication Critical patent/EP0253050B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric radiator with a meandering wound heating conductor, a breakthrough and interposed webs, the heating conductor holding the heating conductor at a number of curved ends of the turn, approximately rectangular insulating material and a second insulating material plate which is at least the same width, the heating conductor extending essentially on one side perpendicular to the first insulating material plate and on the other side the held ends of the turns being guided through the openings around the webs and being fixed by the adjacent second insulating material plate, as he is known from the document DE-C-1 185 783.
  • DE-B-1 274 760 describes a radiator which has two insulating plates which hold a zigzag-shaped or also meandering winding heat conductor.
  • winding ends or grinding tips are inserted through rows of holes in the first insulating material plate and secured on the back by inserted glass fiber bundles or the like.
  • the second insulating material plate is pressed against the back of the first and fixed.
  • the ends of the turns or grinding tips are pushed out of the holes on the back so far that the second insulating material plate rests on the first.
  • the heating conductor is approximately perpendicular to the pair of insulating plates.
  • additional holding means preferably glass fiber bundles, are required in this embodiment described by DE-B-1 274 760 for fixing the heating conductor to a pair of insulating plates. Furthermore, this arrangement is no longer stable, in particular with regard to twisting of the free winding ends, so that provision is also made for a perforated plate serving as a spacer to be pushed onto the free winding ends or grinding tips.
  • AT-C-329 702 describes a surface heating element with a surface heating element which is arranged on an insulating carrier plate.
  • the surface heating element is preferably welded in a foil and arranged on a metal foil on the carrier plate.
  • the entire arrangement, except for the area of the surface heating element, is covered by a metal sheath.
  • the Heating conductor or the surface heating element parallel to the carrier plate and not, as provided according to the invention, perpendicular to this. As a result, there are no problems with the stability of the fixed heating conductor.
  • DE-C-1 185 783 a radiator with a perforated insulating plate that holds a series of curved ends of a heating conductor.
  • the heating conductor is passed through an opening, around a web lying between the openings and out through the next opening.
  • a second insulating plate clamped on the back of the first insulating material plate clamps the held winding ends of the heating conductor between a web of the first insulating material plate and itself.
  • the heat conductor is thereby held in a vertical plane to the insulating material plates.
  • DE-A1- 3 141 828 describes stiffening or reinforcing elements for a support made of insulating material for an electrical resistance of a heater.
  • the design relates to two insulating material plates lying against one another at the rear, each of which has a heating conductor which is wound in a meandering shape and is held at a number of winding ends in a plane perpendicular to the insulating material plates.
  • devices are provided for stiffening and reinforcing the insulating material plates, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the plates and between their ends.
  • the stiffening or reinforcing elements are designed as U-shaped rails which are pushed or clamped over the longitudinal edges of the insulating material plates.
  • DE-A1- 3 141 828 does not describe how the heating conductors are attached to the respective insulating material plate and does not Proposal for the execution of a circuit.
  • US-A-3 808 573 and CH-A-40 144 each describe an electrical flat heating element, in which a heating conductor is arranged essentially in one plane in parallel between two insulating material plates or layers. Both are partially or completely surrounded by a metal frame. The heating conductors are therefore not arranged in a plane perpendicular to the insulating material plates, as is provided in the object according to the invention registered. Furthermore, in neither of the two documents is a proposal given for an electric circuit for feeding the heating conductors.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic radiator, in particular with a large length and a small width in a technically simple and advantageous manner with greater stability.
  • a holding rail is provided which extends over the entire width of the insulating material plates and essentially over their length and lies on the second insulating material plate, that the holding rail has both longitudinal edges of the superimposed insulating material panels and these tabs on both sides, that the tabs and the holding rail are formed in one piece, that the holding rail consists of an electrically conductive material, in particular metal, and that the holding rail forms a return line for a power supply to the heating conductor.
  • connection contacts are provided on one end face for the connection of electrical connections and the heating conductors are electrically connected to the rail on the other end face
  • the rail has openings and webs on the side facing away from the tabs having.
  • the invention generally creates a possibly narrow and elongated, highly stable radiator in a simple manner in terms of production technology. If the holding ticket consists of metallic material and is used as a return conductor, its connection contact can be loosened to it or, in an extremely preferred embodiment, can be formed in one piece with the holding rail. the electrical connection of the heating conductor on the end face opposite the connection end face is preferably carried out via an eyelet, so that a reliable mechanical and electrical contact is established here.
  • the invention therefore provides in an extremely preferred embodiment that a temperature switch is slidably attached to the holding rail, wherein in particular the holding rail is encompassed by tabs of a holder for a temperature switch.
  • the temperature switch can be secured to it against falling or removing, but can be mounted displaceably along the rail or the rails. This makes it possible to manufacture the complete radiator with the associated temperature switch and to store it with a processor who will then, depending on the installation conditions moves the temperature switch along the rail to a desired location, where the temperature switch is either held in a force-locking manner or, in addition, cannot be fixed releasably, for example by riveting or soldering to the rail.
  • the temperature switch can be fixed to the holding rail by means of the webs.
  • the rail can also be used as a conductor for the current conducted via the temperature switch, so that the rail is made into an electrical connection via the holder for the temperature switch to make a contact.
  • the other contact of the switch must be insulated from the holder of the switch and be provided with a separate connection element for connecting a cable.
  • the electric heater 1 has a heating conductor 2 ⁇ with initially one or more rows of meandering turns 2 made of electrical resistance wire.
  • the legs of a turn 2 are longer than their distance.
  • the turns 2 are fixed to a first insulating plate 3 in the following way:
  • the insulating plate 3 has openings 4 which are separated from one another by webs 6.
  • One end 7 of a turn passes through an opening 4, is then guided around the web 6 and emerges again through an adjacent opening 4.
  • the assembly of the insulating plate 3 and the heating conductor 2 ⁇ with the turns 2 can be done in that the insulating plate 3 with their openings on the ends 7 facing away from the ends 8 of the turns 2 are performed.
  • Another insulating plate 9 is placed on the side of the insulating plate 3 facing away from the heating conductor 2 ist.
  • the radiator described so far is stiffened and in particular the two insulating plates 3, 9 are held together by a stiffening rail 11 which extends on the side of the insulating plates 3, 9 facing away from the heating conductor 2 with a main part 12 over the entire width of the insulating plates 3, 9 and has at its longitudinal edges around the longitudinal edges 13, 14 of the insulating plates 3, 9 except for the top 16 of the insulating plate 3 tabs 17 bent by 180 degrees.
  • the plates 3, 9 are firmly clamped against one another and the entire radiator 1 is stabilized.
  • connecting parts 24 with contact tabs 22, 23 are first arranged, which are in electrical connection with the heating conductor 2 ⁇ and serve to connect the heating conductor 2 ⁇ as electrical connections.
  • the rows of meanders are contacted as follows: in the end region of the upper insulating plate 3, an insulating web 19 delimited by two slots 18 is formed in alignment with the rows of meanders. On this sits a vertical section U-shaped connecting part 24 with a bottom web 29, which has a side in the slots 18 and the insulating web 19 encompassing tabs 36.
  • a connecting part 24 On the connecting part 24, on the one hand, one of the contact tabs 22 and 23 for connecting connecting lines and, on the other hand, a crimping part 37 for connection to the end 38 of a row of turns is formed.
  • the end 38 of the row of turns is a piece through a last opening 4 of the insulating plate 3 and between legs 39 of the crimping part 37, which firmly grip it after being squeezed together.
  • the rail 11 On the first end face 21 of the radiator 1, the rail 11 is also provided with a connection contact 28 which is riveted to it, for example.
  • the heating conductor 2 ⁇ In the area of the end face 21 facing away from the end face 21, the heating conductor 2 ⁇ is electrically connected to the rail 11, for example via a rivet or in principle in the manner described above for the connecting parts 24 with a connecting part 27, which with a crimping part 67 is a bent-up tab 68 Rail 11 grips tightly.
  • the rail 11 serves as a return conductor, so that in the illustrated embodiment, depending on the circuit with the contact tabs 22, 23, 28 connected to a power supply, the two rows of the heating conductor 2 ⁇ can be connected either individually or together. Also, if necessary, a row of the heating conductor 2 ⁇ via the middle connection contact 28 Series resistor for a motor to be connected, for example a fan.
  • a contact created on the end face 26 facing away from the first end face 21 from the heating conductor 22 to the rail 21 can enable the power supply to be connected on one end to the first end face 21 via the possibilities explained above.
  • the rail 11 has openings 31 and webs 32 on the side facing away from the heating conductor 2 ⁇ .
  • This configuration improves, in particular, the compensation of the different thermal expansion behavior of the insulating plates 3, 9 and the rail 11.
  • this arrangement can serve, with suitable installation conditions, to dispense with the second insulating plate 9 or to hold the heating conductor, if necessary 2 ⁇ approximately in the middle of the winding height.
  • the webs 32 of the holding rail 11 have central widenings 33 with a through hole 34.
  • a corresponding projection of a holder 41 for a temperature switch 42 which can be displaced along the rail 11 can snap into these holes 34 (FIG. 4).
  • the holder 41 of a temperature switch 42 can also be loosened or dotted on the widened webs 32 with the openings 34.
  • the insulating material plates 3, 9 with the holes 34 aligned openings 69 ( Figure 1) with a larger radius, so that the loosening can easily be done on finished radiators.
  • a corresponding holder 41 for a temperature switch 42 can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the bracket 41 first has the width of the rail 11 bridging bow-like web 43, at the ends of which the tabs 17 of the holding rail 11 are formed around tabs 44, by means of which the holder 41 is held on the rail 11 and is displaceable along the latter.
  • a bead 46 is formed centrally in the web 43 and bears as an abutment to the tabs 44 on the underside of the holding rail 11 or in the region of the openings 32 of the lower insulating plate 14. With the bead 46, the holder 41 can be fixed after setting in the desired position on the holding rail 11, for example by spot welding or the like.
  • a shoulder 47 On one side extends from the web 43, essentially in alignment with it, a shoulder 47, from which in turn a flange 48 protrudes upward, the end 49 of which is bent laterally. At this bent end 49, the temperature switch 42 is fastened with a contact 51, as if it had been loosened.
  • an insulating bridge 52 On the web 47, an insulating bridge 52 is insulated from the web 47 and an angle part 53 is fastened with a flange 54.
  • a projection 56 of the insulating part 52 protrudes between the shoulder 47 and the flange 54, by means of which the parts 47, 54 connected to the insulating part 52, for example by eyelets, are held in a rotationally secure manner.
  • the other end 58 of the temperature switch 42 which is held securely in this way, is fastened to a flange 57 which is bent away from the angle part 53 against the direction of the extension 54 but also the extension 49 of the part 48.
  • 61 is an insulating support part of the temperature switch, with 62 a bearing for a bimetallic disk 63, with 64 the movable contact switched by the bimetallic disk 63 and with 66 the stationary counter contact of the temperature switch 42 cut out and bent out of the contact tab 58.
  • the configuration according to the invention also allows a plurality of temperature switches on the holding rail 11 in succession are arranged and, if necessary, fixed so that local overheating, which would not lead to a safety shutdown in a device with only one monitor, if they occur at a distance from this, is reliably taken into account.
  • Several temperature switches in the form of controllers can also be provided. Part of the temperature switch can also be a controller and another part can be a watchdog.

Landscapes

  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Corps de chauffe électrique (1), comprenant un conducteur chauffant (2') en forme de méandres, une plaque de matière isolante (3) sensiblement rectangulaire présentant des ajours (4) séparés par des barrettes (6) et maintenant le conducteur chauffant (2') par une série d'extrémités de spires (7), et une seconde plaque de matière isolante (9) présentant au moins une largeur identique, le conducteur chauffant (2') s'étendant sensiblement sur l'un des côtés perpendiculairement à la première plaque de matière isolante (3) et les extrémités (7) des spires maintenues de l'autre côté étant amenées, au travers des ajours (4), autour des barrettes (6) et immobilisées par la seconde plaque de matière isolante (9), caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un rail de support (11) s'étendant sur toute la largeur des plaques de matière isolante (3, 9) et sensiblement sur la longueur de celles-ci et appliqué contre la seconde plaque de matière isolante (9); que le rail de support (11) comporte des deux côtés des pattes (17) entourant les arêtes longitudinales (13, 14) des plaques de matière isolante (3, 9) et immobilisant celles-ci; que les pattes (17) et le rail de support (11) sont d'un seul tenant; que le rail de support (11) est constitué d'un matériau électriquement conducteur, en particulier de métal; et que le rail de support (11) constitue un conducteur de retour d'une alimentation électrique du conducteur chauffant (2').
  2. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que sur l'une des faces frontales (21) sont prévus des contacts de raccordement (22, 23, 28) pour les branchements électriques, et que les corps de chauffe (2' ) sont reliés électriquement au rail (11) sur l'autre face frontale (26).
  3. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le rail (11) présente des ajours (31) et des barrettes (32) du côté opposé aux pattes (17).
  4. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un automate thermostatique (42) est monté de manière mobile sur le rail de support (11).
  5. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le rail de support (11) est enveloppé par des pattes (44) d'une fixation (41) pour un automate thermostatique (42).
  6. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, en combinaison avec la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'automate thermostatique (42) peut être bloqué sur le rail de support (11) par l'intermédiaire des barrettes (32) de celui-ci.
  7. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'automate thermostatique (42) peut être fixé au moyen d'oeillets.
  8. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une barrette (43) en forme de pont qui relie les pattes (44) de la fixation (41) de l'automate thermostatique enveloppant les rails de support (11), est munie d'un bossage central (46).
  9. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'automate thermostatique (42) est supporté par deux éléments de support (47, 48, 49; 53, 54, 57) maintenus à distance l'un de l'autre au moyen d'un élément isolant (52, 56).
  10. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de support (47, 48, 49; 53, 54, 57) sont immobilisés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière rigide en rotation.
  11. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de support (47, 48, 49; 53, 54, 57) sont rattachés à l'élément isolant (52) par des oeillets, et qu'entre des embases de fixation correspondantes (47, 54) des deux éléments de support dépasse une embase (56) de l'élément isolant (52) correspondant à la distance entre les deux embases (47, 54).
  12. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'un des éléments de support (47, 48, 49) est solidaire de la barrette (43) guidée sur le rail de support, et réalisé de préférence d'un seul tenant avec celle-ci.
EP87100773A 1986-07-04 1987-01-21 Elément électrique chauffant avec spires en forme de méandres Expired - Lifetime EP0253050B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863622478 DE3622478A1 (de) 1986-07-04 1986-07-04 Elektrischer heizkoerper mit maeanderfoermigen windungen
DE3622478 1986-07-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0253050A1 EP0253050A1 (fr) 1988-01-20
EP0253050B1 true EP0253050B1 (fr) 1991-12-11

Family

ID=6304382

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87100773A Expired - Lifetime EP0253050B1 (fr) 1986-07-04 1987-01-21 Elément électrique chauffant avec spires en forme de méandres

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4845345A (fr)
EP (1) EP0253050B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3622478A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2594248A1 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-20 Mabe Canada Inc. Bloc chauffant
US9212451B2 (en) * 2011-01-18 2015-12-15 Tutco, Inc. Two level electric resistance heater and method of use
US9386634B2 (en) * 2011-04-15 2016-07-05 Tutco, Inc. Electrical resistance heater assembly and method of use

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7503313U (de) * 1975-06-05 Siemens Ag Elektrischer Rohrheizkörper
CH40144A (de) * 1907-07-15 1908-06-16 Therma Ag Elektrisches Widerstands- und Heizelement
CH125907A (fr) * 1927-02-26 1928-06-01 Pitton & Collombat Corps de chauffe électrique.
DE1185743B (de) * 1960-03-05 1965-01-21 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Hochbelastbarer Elektroheizkoerper
US3069522A (en) * 1960-10-07 1962-12-18 Frederick W Jamison Heater element for embedment in a mastic slab
DE1274760B (de) * 1962-10-24 1968-08-08 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Halterung fuer zickzackfoermig gebogene Heizsysteme von hochbelastbaren Elektroheizkoerpern
DE1440404B2 (de) * 1962-10-24 1969-10-09 Fa. Fritz Eichenauer, 6747 Kandel Hochbelastbarer Elektroheizkörper
DE1258523B (de) * 1964-06-06 1968-01-11 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Heizkoerper fuer Brotroester
US3808573A (en) * 1973-01-16 1974-04-30 Emerson Electric Co Electric heater assemblies
AT329702B (de) * 1974-05-14 1976-05-25 Koegler Adalbert Plattenartiger flachenheizkorper
DE2849258A1 (de) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-29 Eichenauer Fa Fritz Elektrischer heizkoerper fuer fluide medien
JPS5628489A (en) * 1979-08-14 1981-03-20 Ube Industries Heating material and method of producing same
IT8023180V0 (it) * 1980-10-21 1980-10-21 Rica Spa Resistenza elettrica perfezionata.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3622478A1 (de) 1988-01-07
DE3775126D1 (de) 1992-01-23
EP0253050A1 (fr) 1988-01-20
US4845345A (en) 1989-07-04

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