EP0251881A1 - Gewinnungsverfahren für eine in einer geologischen Formation enthaltene zu produzierende Flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Gewinnungsverfahren für eine in einer geologischen Formation enthaltene zu produzierende Flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0251881A1
EP0251881A1 EP87401421A EP87401421A EP0251881A1 EP 0251881 A1 EP0251881 A1 EP 0251881A1 EP 87401421 A EP87401421 A EP 87401421A EP 87401421 A EP87401421 A EP 87401421A EP 0251881 A1 EP0251881 A1 EP 0251881A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formation
well
effluent
production
produced
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87401421A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0251881B1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Renard
Jean-François Giannesini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Production SA
Original Assignee
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Production SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8609422A external-priority patent/FR2600714B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8609419A external-priority patent/FR2600713B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8609420A external-priority patent/FR2601998B1/fr
Application filed by Societe National Elf Aquitaine, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN, Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine Production SA filed Critical Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Publication of EP0251881A1 publication Critical patent/EP0251881A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0251881B1 publication Critical patent/EP0251881B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of assisted production of a petroleum effluent, in particular viscous, contained in a geological formation surmounting another formation which does not contain the effluent to be produced and which is impermeable to said effluent.
  • the method according to the present invention allows better exploitation of the formation containing the effluent to be produced, while limiting the number of wells to be drilled relative to the methods used according to the prior art, which can be illustrated by the US patent. A-3.386.508.
  • a main well is drilled as well as other wells which will be qualified as auxiliary wells.
  • auxiliary wells which are inclined, join the main well at the level of the formation containing the effluent to be produced.
  • the production mechanism described in this prior patent resides in the fact that it is the portion of the auxiliary well located in the formation to be produced which is used to collect the effluent to be produced which is located in the vicinity of the auxiliary well.
  • this height is at most equal to that of the formation containing the fluid to be produced.
  • the present invention provides a method for improving the recovery of the fluid to be produced.
  • This improvement is reflected, for certain embodiments, by a better recovery rate due to the increase in gravity effects allowing drainage and by the exploitation of an extended area with a reduced number of wells drilled.
  • a displacement fluid or displacing fluid either from a central well, or from one or several subhorizontal drains.
  • subhorizontal drain is meant a drain whose inclination approaches 90 °, but without actually reaching it.
  • the advantages of this new system are: - the exploitation of a wider range of tanks, in particular those containing an oil of lower viscosity, - improving the volumetric scanning, - to distinguish the production of each drain and to remedy the problems of local heterogeneities of the reservoir by seeking an adequate solution in the drain concerned, - And for certain embodiments, in particular when the displacement fluid is injected by the main well, taking advantage of the phenomenon of segregation in the reservoir of fluids of very different densities, by injection of gas or vapor making it possible to form a gas umbrella on the roof of the tank, without premature breakthrough at the drains, given the strong inclination of the latter, this inclination being close to the horizontal, - to reduce the losses of fluids injected outside the area covered by the system. - have a single injection source located near the production center,
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing an effluent contained in a geological formation forming a reservoir for said effluent, or producing formation, using a central well, at least one subhorizontal drain, as well as a displacing or displacing agent, said geological formation surmounting another geological formation substantially impermeable to said effluent or impermeable formation, the interface between said geological formations being qualified as the wall of said reservoir.
  • said displacement agent is injected into said formation from either said central well or said subhorizontal drain and said displacement agent causes the migration of the effluent to be produced.
  • a central well as a production well and at least one subhorizontal well as a production stimulation well.
  • the stimulation well can be drilled from the surface and pass through the producing formation to pass into said impermeable formation and join the production well.
  • the stimulation well may be perforated over a portion of its length, this portion corresponding substantially to the fraction of the stimulation well passing through the producing formation.
  • a fluid suitable for reducing the viscosity of the petroleum effluent to be produced can be injected into the stimulation drain, in order to increase the flow speed in the stimulation well.
  • the stimulation drain may be interrupted after reaching the producing formation, but before it reaches the producing well.
  • the vertical central well is not only used to convey to the surface the production collected by the subhorizontal drains, but it is equipped with a particular completion, in order also to allow injection. of a fluid in the tank.
  • this sub-variant relates to a method of producing an effluent contained in a geological formation forming a reservoir for said effluent, using a central well, sub-horizontal drains as well as a displacing agent, said geological formation overcoming a another geological formation substantially impermeable to said effluent, the interface between said geological formations being qualified as the wall of said reservoir.
  • This method is characterized in that said displacement agent is injected into said formation from said central well, said displacement agent causing the migration of the effluent to be produced and in that this effluent is drained by said subhorizontal drains towards a lower part from the central well where it transits and from which it is produced to the surface.
  • said effluent to be produced can be collected by subhorizontal drains situated all around said central well.
  • the vertical central well is not used to convey to the surface the production collected by the subhorizontal drains, but it is equipped with a completion allowing the injection of a fluid into the reservoir.
  • the sub-horizontal drains themselves, which are used to route production to the surface.
  • this new sub-variant relates to a method for producing an effluent contained in a geological formation forming a reservoir for said effluent, using a central well, sub-horizontal drains as well as a displacement agent or displacement agent, said geological formation surmounting another geological formation substantially impermeable to said effluent, the interface between said geological formations being qualified as the wall of said reservoir.
  • This method is characterized in that said displacement agent is injected into said formation from said central well and in that said agent causes the migration of the effluent to be produced, the latter being conveyed to the surface by said subhorizontal drains.
  • said effluent can be produced by subhorizontal drains located all around said central well.
  • the present invention also relates to a system for producing an effluent contained in a geological formation comprising a central well and sub-horizontal drains.
  • This system is characterized in that said main well comprises a perforated zone at the level of said geological formation, an injection conduit connecting said perforated zone to a source of injection of a displacement product, and in that said subhorizontal drains pass in said training.
  • the main well may also include a transit zone isolated from the perforated zone and located below said perforated zone, said transit zone being connected to the surface by a pipe production and in that said sub-horizontal drains pass through said formation to reach said transit zone.
  • the production system used for this embodiment may also include a tube located in said well constituting the production conduit.
  • the injection pipe may consist of the annular space delimited by said main well.
  • Said tube may include a plug which isolates the perforated area from the transit area.
  • This tube can pass through said plug.
  • the production conduit may include a pump located at its lower end in the transit zone and the tube forming said production conduit may slide in said plug.
  • the transit zone may have a cross section larger than the cross section of the upper part of the central well, thus forming a collection pit for the effluent produced.
  • the system according to the invention could advantageously be applied in the case where said geological formation overcomes another geological formation impermeable to the effluent to be produced.
  • said collection zone can be located at least partially in said impermeable formation and said sub-horizontal drains can join said transit zone by passing through said impermeable formation after having crossed the producing formation.
  • the sub-horizontal drains which pass through the formation may have a length such that they stop at a certain distance, not zero, from the axis of the main well.
  • the injection well may include a plug.
  • the system according to the invention could advantageously be applied in the case where said geological formation overcomes another geological formation impermeable to the effluent to be produced.
  • the collection drains may be interrupted substantially in the vicinity of the interface between said waterproof formation and said formation containing the effluent to be produced.
  • FIG. 1 represents the implementation of a variant of the method according to the present invention for the production of a geological formation 1 from the ground surface 2.
  • the geological layer 1 contains a viscous petroleum effluent to be produced .
  • Reference 3 designates a geological formation located below the producing formation 1. This lower formation is impermeable to the effluent to be produced contained in the producing formation.
  • the reference 4 designates a main well drilled from the surface 2 and passing through the producing formation 1, this main well being interrupted at 5 in the impermeable formation 3.
  • the producing formation is overcome by another formation bearing the reference 6 and which will be called higher formation.
  • Reference 7 designates a well used to stimulate and drain at least a fraction of the production of the viscous effluent contained in formation 1.
  • this stimulation well crosses the upper formation 6 as well as the producing formation 1 and passes into the lower impermeable formation 3 to join the main well 4 at the level of this lower formation.
  • the auxiliary well opens into the main well at the level of a formation situated below the producing formation, after having entered a formation impermeable to the fluid to be produced.
  • the reference 8 designates the place where the stimulation well or drain 7 enters the producing formation 1 and the reference 9 the place from where it leaves it.
  • the reference 10 designates the portion of the stimulation well included in the producing formation 1.
  • the portion 10 of the stimulation drain 7 located in the producing formation 1 is as long as possible.
  • the production is carried out by circulating a stimulating agent in the stimulation drain 7.
  • This agent causes a reduction in the viscosity of the effluent to be produced, next to the drain.
  • the effluent to be produced then flows to the main well 4 via the stimulation drain itself.
  • the portion 10 of the stimulation drain 7 located in the producing formation 1, when this portion does not consist of an exposed well, may already be perforated before its descent into the well, such a perforated portion of the drain is generally designated by the Anglo-Saxon term of "liner", or be perforated on the spot.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second mode of production according to the present variant.
  • the portion 10 of the stimulation drain located in the producing formation 1 is perforated only over two portions of its length 11 and 13, a plug 17 being placed in said drain so as to separate these two portions.
  • An agent is injected into the stimulation drain 7 making it possible to reduce the viscosity of the petroleum effluent to be produced which is found in the producing formation 1, this in order to facilitate the flow of the effluent to be produced.
  • Such an agent can consist of water vapor or comprise other products, such as a solvent, for example based on hydrocarbon.
  • the agent considered will be water vapor.
  • the water vapor injected from the surface enters the producing formation 1 through the upper portion of the perforations 11.
  • the diffusion of water vapor in the producing formation 1 is represented by arrows 12.
  • the water vapor heats the petroleum effluent contained in the producing formation 1, in particular by condensing, thereby causing the viscosity of the effluent to be produced to decrease, a fraction of which consequently flows towards the lower part of the perforations 13.
  • the flow of the effluent produced is represented by the arrows 14.
  • This flow occurs in the direction of the lower part of the stimulation well 1 by gravity, on the one hand, and by the presence of a decreasing pressure gradient in the direction of the stimulation well, on the other hand.
  • This decrease in the pressure gradient is due to the fact that the stimulation well 10 is placed in communication with the main well 4 which itself is in communication with the surface and is therefore substantially at atmospheric pressure at the surface.
  • the effluent to be produced flows through the part of the stimulation drain 15 located in the lower formation 3 up to the main well 4 at the bottom of which it collects.
  • the effluent thus produced is returned in a conventional manner from the main well 4, for example by pumps 21 controlled from the surface.
  • the separation between the portion 11 of the perforations from which the water vapor diffuses in the producing formation and the portion 13 of the perforations from which the effluent flows. to be produced is done by interposing the plug 17.
  • the steam 12 is forced to leave the auxiliary drain 7 upstream of the plug 17 and the petroleum effluent is produced downstream of the plug 14.
  • a fraction of the injected vapor 12 diffuses into the producing formation 1, that is to say towards the well 4, thus sweeping a large area 20 belonging to the producing formation and lying between the portion 10 of the stimulation drain 7 and the main well.
  • This fraction is represented by the arrows 19 and directly causes the arrival of the effluent to be produced in the well 4, this is represented by the arrows 22.
  • the lower part 15 of the stimulation drain 7 produces nothing. All the production is done directly in the well 4, as represented by the arrows 22.
  • the stimulation drain 7 is used only for injecting the stimulation agent. This is symbolized by the arrows 19 (Fig. 3).
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a general production scheme.
  • the main well 4 is surrounded by a number of stimulation wells 7 a ... 7 i .
  • these wells are, on the surface, equidistant from the main well 4. This is by no means compulsory and the wells 7 a ... 7 i can be placed at distances from the main well which is best suited to exploitation producer training.
  • the references 8 a ... 8 i designate the places where the drains 7 a ... 7 i enter the production formation 1 and the references 9 a ... 9 i the places where they come out.
  • this vertical central well 101 is drilled to the wall 102 of a tank 113, then cased and cemented.
  • the casing 103 thus prevents any flow of fluids from the reservoir into the well.
  • the wall of the reservoir means the lower part of the geological formation containing the petroleum effluent and the roof of the reservoir the upper limit of this geological formation.
  • the drilling is then continued at a larger diameter using a widener in the layer 104 located under the reservoir, in order to produce a pit 105 intended to receive the fluids collected by subhorizontal drains 106.
  • This pit will be isolated from the rest of the hole using a tight plug 107 of the type generally designated by the Anglo-Saxon term of "packer”, allowing the passage of a conduit 108 serving to raise the production of the fluids collected towards the surface using of a pumping device 109.
  • the watertight plug 107 may be fitted with a sliding joint allowing vertical movement of the duct, while ensuring perfect sealing.
  • the pipe 108 may include several pipe elements connected one after the other.
  • the collection device will be completed by drilling sub-horizontal drains 106, from the surface to the collection pit 105, each of these drains intersecting the wall 102 of the reservoir at a point 110 whose distance from the central well, depending on the The inclination of the drain will be an important parameter of the system, since all the production, of fluids in place or of injected fluid, will leave the reservoir at this point.
  • the production rate of the system will be chosen so that the liquid level in the pit is always below the side of the wall of the tank to allow the evacuation of the fluids collected by the drains at the right of the tank.
  • the injection of the fluid intended to mobilize and move the fluids in place will be done in the reservoir 113 by means of perforations 111 produced in a conventional manner in the casing 103 of the central well 101.
  • the communication can be improved by acidification and stimulation of the reservoir at the perforations.
  • the dimension of these perforations 111 can be chosen after simulation at using digital programs capable of representing the flows involved in order to obtain the best volumetric scanning of the reservoir by the injected fluids (hot water, steam, CO2, gas, foam, ...) until penetration into the drains.
  • the parameters to be taken into account are also: the thickness of the tank, the viscosity of the oil in place, the angle of the drains with respect to the horizontal, the points of exit of the tank from each drain, the flow d injection, the number of drains, ...
  • the displacement agent or displacing agent 115 is introduced into the producing formation 113 from the annular space 116 delimited by the casing 103 and the conduit 108 which is located in this casing 103 by passing through the 111 perforations made on the same casing.
  • the displacing agent will diffuse in the producing formation 113 by causing the migration of the petroleum effluent towards the drains manifolds 106 which are perforated over the portion of their length located in the producing formation 113.
  • the drain 106 collects the petroleum effluent and pours it into the pit 105 from which it is produced.
  • this vertical central well 201 is drilled to the wall 202 of a reservoir 213, then cased and cemented.
  • the casing 203 prevents any flow of fluids from the reservoir into the well.
  • the wall of the reservoir means the lower part of the geological formation containing the petroleum effluent and the roof of the reservoir the upper limit of this geological formation.
  • Drilling can then be interrupted. If it were continued in the layer 204 located under the tank, this extension would be advantageously isolated from the rest of the hole using a tight plug 207 preventing the passage of any product towards the extension of the well, in order to achieve an extension the well intended for later use.
  • the extension of the well can be considered in particular when there are several geological formations containing an effluent to be produced, separated by formations impermeable to this effluent.
  • the system or device for collecting the effluent to be produced is produced by drilling subhorizontal drains 206, from the surface to the producing formation. 213, each of these drains intersecting the wall 202 of the reservoir at a point 10 distant from the central well and are substantially interrupted at this point.
  • the injection of the fluid intended to mobilize and move the fluids in place will be done in the reservoir 213 by means of perforations 211 produced in a conventional manner in the casing 203 of the central well 201.
  • the communication can be improved by acidification and stimulation of the reservoir at the perforations.
  • the dimension of these perforations 211 may be chosen after simulation using digital programs capable of representing the flows involved in order to obtain the best volumetric scanning of the reservoir by the fluids injected (hot water, steam, CO2, gas, foam, ...) until penetration into the drains 206.
  • the parameters to be taken into account are also: the thickness of the tank, the viscosity of the oil in place, the angle of the drains relative to the '' horizontal, the outlet points of the tank of each drain, the injection rate, the number of drains, ...
  • the displacing agent 215 is introduced into the producing formation 213 from the main well, passing through the perforations 211 made on this same casing.
  • the displacing agent will diffuse in the producing formation 213 by causing the migration of the petroleum effluent towards the collecting drains 206 which are perforated over the portion of their length located in the producing formation 213.
  • the drains 206 collect the petroleum effluent which is produced separately from each of these drains towards the surface 209.
  • the production takes place either naturally or using pumps. These pumps can be placed on the surface or inside at least some of the sub-horizontal drains at the level of the producing formation.
  • the petroleum effluent is produced from subhorizontal drains surrounding the main well. These drains are interrupted before meeting the axis of the main well and at a certain distance L from this axis.
  • the present invention therefore makes it possible to increase the operated volume of the tank.
  • the sub-horizontal drains are substantially interrupted at the level of the wall 202, however it would not go beyond the scope of the present invention if the drains were interrupted before or after this wall.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP87401421A 1986-06-26 1987-06-22 Gewinnungsverfahren für eine in einer geologischen Formation enthaltene zu produzierende Flüssigkeit Expired - Lifetime EP0251881B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8609422A FR2600714B1 (fr) 1986-06-26 1986-06-26 Methode et systeme de production assistee par injection a partir d'un puits central d'un agent de deplacement
FR8609419A FR2600713B1 (fr) 1986-06-26 1986-06-26 Methode de production assistee d'un effluent visqueux contenu dans une formation geologique
FR8609420 1986-06-26
FR8609419 1986-06-26
FR8609422 1986-06-26
FR8609420A FR2601998B1 (fr) 1986-06-26 1986-06-26 Methode et systeme de production par puits central et drains de collecte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0251881A1 true EP0251881A1 (de) 1988-01-07
EP0251881B1 EP0251881B1 (de) 1992-04-29

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EP87401421A Expired - Lifetime EP0251881B1 (de) 1986-06-26 1987-06-22 Gewinnungsverfahren für eine in einer geologischen Formation enthaltene zu produzierende Flüssigkeit

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5016710A (de)
EP (1) EP0251881B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1014337B (de)
BR (1) BR8703209A (de)
DE (1) DE3778593D1 (de)
IN (1) IN169933B (de)
NO (1) NO872640L (de)

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NO872640D0 (no) 1987-06-24
CN1014337B (zh) 1991-10-16
BR8703209A (pt) 1988-03-15
DE3778593D1 (de) 1992-06-04
EP0251881B1 (de) 1992-04-29
US5016710A (en) 1991-05-21
IN169933B (de) 1992-01-11
CN1030117A (zh) 1989-01-04
NO872640L (no) 1987-12-28

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