EP0248768B1 - Device for a continuously working spinning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The appts. comprises a hollow stationary shaft assembly through which roving travels in a compressed air stream injected into the passage inlet end. The shaft assembly supports a housing contg. a pair of draft rolls, and the housing is driven to rotate and at the same time rotate the draft rolls via gearing. Pref. the housing has an internal sealed oil chamber lubricating bearings and gearing.

Description

The present invention relates to a mechanism for a continuous spinneret.

It is known that for continuous spinning with the spinner, in particular for short fibers, it is necessary to impose a false or real pre-twist on the wick.

Currently, the devices used in the industry in continuous dies are exclusively with false pre-twist because they are more practical and more reliable than those with real pre-twist.

In particular the document DE-A-2,934,867 describes a device of this kind, that is to say with false pretortion, with a tubular pin vertically fixed between which passes the wire in formation, a hollow body rotating around said pin and supporting the wire stretching cylinders which derive their rotational movement about their axes from that of rotation of said body, means for detaching the wire in formation from the stretching cylinders by an electromagnetic control which is activated / deactivated at intervals regular and in synchronism with the production speed of the wire in order to avoid / obtain the false pretortion.

On the other hand, the real pre-torsion devices proposed so far require two movement controls, one for torsion and the other for stretching, with a consequent expenditure of mechanical means and motive power; they involve technical complications such as excessive congestion, high noise, lubrication problems and also irregularities in stretching and the number of twists per meter in the event of even slight variations in the relative speed between the organs of movement primary torsion and those of the movement that determines the stretch; in addition, they do not allow the automatic introduction of the wick through the stretching group with a stopped or moving spinneret, and finally, in the event of breakage of the wire, downstream of the stretching group, it is wound on the cylinders of said stretching group, forcing, for its recovery, to stop all the spindles of the spinner.

The present invention aims to eliminate the drawbacks of prior devices and thus allow the adoption of stretch with real pretortion in a continuous spinneret by improving production, facilitating maintenance and ensuring correct operation for very long periods of time without mechanical repair.

This result is achieved in accordance with the invention by producing a mechanism for a continuous spinner comprising a mechanism for a continuous spinner comprising a stretching group (8, 9) rotating around the vertical axis of the wire in formation (7), a hollow body (1) rotating around a tubular journal (2), fixed, coaxial with the body (1) and further supported by a fixed part (3) of the spinneret, and in which body (1) is installed the group of stretching whose cylinders (8, 9) derive their rotational movement about their own axes from that of rotation of the body (1) characterized in that inside said pin (2) is located in a metal tube (5) for the passage of the forming wire (7), which is fixed to the body (1) and rotates integrally with the latter and concentrically with the pin (2); and in that inside the metal tube (5) is generated a current of air which moves around and in the direction of advance of the wire in formation (7) and moreover, around the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group in the opposite direction to the movement of these and finally exits through the outlet orifice (15) of the forming wire (7) and in that the pressure between the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretch group is adjustable.

Other characteristics of the mechanism according to the invention are described in independent claims 7 and 15.

Said gear train and the bearings of the corresponding shafts are lubricated by means of an oil lubricator in cooperation with the centrifugal effect which derives from the rotation of the mechanism.

The advantages obtained thanks to the invention essentially consist in the fact that the means for obtaining the simultaneous stretching and twisting are rigidly assembled together, so that, in addition to having a single control of the movement, the twists are distributed uniformly over the entire piece of wire between the feed group and the stretch group and between the latter and the thread receiving spindle; that the head of the wick, at the outlet of the feeding group, is automatically introduced into the stretching group with the spinner in motion; that the wire in formation is prevented from coming into contact with the fixed part of the spinner; that, in the event of breakage, the wire is prevented from being wound on the cylinders of the stretching group and, moreover, pushed down, vertically, avoiding the centrifugal and aerodynamic effects of the rotating part of the mechanism; that the air flow also allows automatic and continuous cleaning of the stretching group; that it is possible to use a spinneret for very long periods of time and continuously without mechanical repair.

• la fig. 1 représente une vue schématique d'un mécanisme pour filoir en continu selon l'invention dans la disposition opérationelle;
• la fig 2 représente une section suivant la ligne A-A de la fig.1;
• la fig. 3 représente la vue de face, partiellement en section, du mécanisme de la fig 2;
• la fig. 4 représente une section suivant la ligne B-B de la fig. 3;
• la fig. 5 représente une section suivant la ligne C-C de la fig. 3;
• la fig. 6 représente une vue en coupe verticale axiale d'une variante perfectionné du méccanisme de fig. 2;
• la fig. 6A représente une vue en coupe verticale suivant un plan orthogonal à celui de la fig. 6;
• la fig. 6B représente une vue en coupe suivant la ligne D-D de la fig. 6;
• la fig. 7A représente un détail, en section verticale, d'une variante de réalisation du train d'engrenages interne du mécanisme de la fig. 2;
• la fig 7B représente un détail, en section verticale, d'une autre variante de réalisation du train d'engrenages interne du mécanisme de la fig. 2;
• la fig. 7C représente un détail, partiellement en section, d'un inverseur à roues libres pour le mécanisme de la fig. 2;
• la fig. 8 représente une section verticale axiale d'une variante de réalisation du mécanisme de la fig. 2;
• et la fig. 9 représente une section verticale axiale d'une variante de réalisation du mécanisme de la fig. 2.

These advantages and characteristics, as well as others, of the invention will be better understood in the light of the description which follows and with the aid of the appended drawings given as practical embodiments of the invention, but not to be considered. as limiting, and in which

• fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a mechanism for continuous spinneret according to the invention in the operational arrangement;
• Fig 2 shows a section along the line AA in Fig.1;
• fig. 3 shows the front view, partially in section, of the mechanism of FIG 2;
• fig. 4 shows a section along the line BB in FIG. 3;
• fig. 5 shows a section along the line CC of FIG. 3;
• fig. 6 shows a view in axial vertical section of an improved variant of the mechanism of FIG. 2;
• fig. 6A shows a view in vertical section along a plane orthogonal to that of FIG. 6;
• fig. 6B shows a sectional view along the line DD of FIG. 6;
• fig. 7A shows a detail, in vertical section, of an alternative embodiment of the internal gear train of the mechanism of FIG. 2;
• FIG. 7B represents a detail, in vertical section, of another alternative embodiment of the internal gear train of the mechanism of FIG. 2;
• fig. 7C shows a detail, partially in section, of a freewheel reverser for the mechanism of FIG. 2;
• fig. 8 shows an axial vertical section of an alternative embodiment of the mechanism of FIG. 2;
• and fig. 9 shows an axial vertical section of an alternative embodiment of the mechanism of FIG. 2.

Reduced to its essential structure and with reference to figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings, a mechanism for a continuous spinneret according to the invention, according to a first preferred embodiment, includes:
- A body in two pieces 1,1ʹ with a first cavity 10 open upwards and communicating with a second lower cavity 12, which is provided, at the bottom, with an orifice 15 for the exit of the wire in formation 7; said body is mounted, by means of bearings 16, on a hollow pin 2 which is in turn fixed vertically to a fixed part 3 of the spinneret and the mouth 13 of which is advantageously flared to falicitate the introduction of the wire in formation 7: the rotational movement of the body 1,1ʹ being derived, that is to say obtained from a control member (not shown) by means of a belt 4 and a corresponding pulley 14. Said pin 2 is d 'a single piece with an endless screw 21 and inside, is installed a metal tube 5 coaxial and fixed, by its lower end, to the body 1. Near the orifice 13 for introducing the forming wire 7 , the pin 2 is provided with a nozzle 20 inclined downward, for the introduction of compressed air intended to generate a current of air inside the metal tube 5 for the control of the wire in formation 7 which s 'moves there in the pre-twist and stretching phase.
In said cavity 10 of the body 1, 1ʹ is housed a shaft 6 with a wheel 60 with helical teeth, which is engaged with said screw 21. In said cavity 12 of the body 1, 1ʹ are arranged the two cylinders 8, 9 of the group d stretching, one 8 drive and the other 9 presser, and whose horizontal axes extend on the same plane horizontal, symmetrically with respect to the axis of the metal tube 5.
The rotational movement of the driving cylinder 8 is obtained from the shaft 6 by means of a gear train 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 the wheel 83 of which is advantageously retractable so as to disengage the wheel idler 84 and respectively to engage the wheel 85, in order to reverse the direction of rotation of the cylinders of the stretching group around their axes, and thus to print in thread 7, twists Z and S, respectively: l 'retraction of the wheel 83 being caused, automatically, by the reversal of the direction of rotation of the body 1,1ʹ.

It goes without saying that, instead of the worm gear 21-wheel group with helical teeth 60, provision is made to use a group with bevel wheels 21ʹ, 60ʹ of the type illustrated in FIG. 7A of the accompanying drawings; also, instead of the gear train 21, 60, 81-85, provision is made to use a gear train 61, 62, 63, 64, of the type illustrated in FIG. 7B of the accompanying drawings. Likewise, instead of a idler gear 84, it is intended to use a freewheel gear 86, 87 of the type illustrated in FIG. 7C of the accompanying drawings.

The air stream which exits through the metal tube 5 is directed towards the outlet orifice 15 through the space 91 surrounding the cylinders 8, 9 of the stretching group, cleaning their surface, which moves in the opposite direction from the direction of movement of air flow itself.

The transmission between the screw 21 and the cylinder 8 of the stretching group makes it possible to obtain the stretching and the pre-twisting of the wire in formation 7 by means of the rotation of the single body 1,1ʹ which can be done at high speed and with a low torque.

In addition, the yarn obtained is always regular because the stretching group 8, 9 and the rotating 1.1 corps body are rigidly assembled together, so that any regularity errors in the yarn which would be due to it are avoided. to small variations in speed between the two rotating members.

It goes without saying that the number of turns of the body 1, 1ʹ, the transmission ratio of the internal gear train 21, 60, 81-85, and the diameter of the cylinders of the stretching group 8, 9 can vary so suitable for obtaining in the wire a number of twists per meter between 10 and 400

With reference to fig. 6 to 6B of the accompanying drawings an improved variant of the mechanism of FIG. 2 includes:

(a) a hollow body 1 for receiving a structure 100, which is mounted by means of bearings 16, 16ʹ on the hollow pin 2 vertically integral with a fixed part 3 of the spinneret, and supports the driving cylinder 8 of the group of stretch and the gear train 60, 81, 82ʹ, 85, intended for transmitting the rotational movement of the body 1, obtained from a belt 4 and a pulley 14, from the drive cylinder 8 in cooperation with the worm screw 21 fixed to said fixed journal 2. The walls of said structure 100 delimit , with that of the body 1, three communicating chambers 110 to 112, with the first 110 internal to the structure 100, the second external 111 and the third 112 located above and of diameter greater than that of the chamber 111. Said chambers are intended to contain an appropriate quantity of lubricating oil which is introduced therein via an inlet 140 of the upper chamber 112 and to distribute it to said gear train and to the bearings of the corresponding shafts by the centrifugal effect which derives from the rotation of the body 1.

In correspondence with said upper chamber 112, an oiling device 150 is fixed to the pin 2, the folded arms from which advantageously provide for the removal of the lubricant which, during the rotation of said body 1, is present on the wall of said chamber 112 , and its distribution, respectively, to the upper bearing 16 and to the worm gear group, toothed wheel 21, 60, from which it falls on the lower bearing 16ʹ: a cannula 151 being provided in the structure 100 for the inlet and the possible drainage of the lubricant to and from the bearing of the wheel shaft 82ʹ.

During the rotation of the body 1, the wire in formation which passes in the metal tube 5 can never be reached by the lubricating oil present in the chamber 110 since the base of the said metal tube is tightly fixed to the structure 100.

In the static phase, the lubricating oil present in the upper chamber 112 descends through the orifices 113 in the internal chamber 111 and that present in the latter is deposited on the bottom; the quantity is such that its level does not exceed the protective cover or cover 130 of the bearing 131 of the drive roller 8 of the stretching group, so that said roller 8 cannot be reached by the lubricating oil: at this also cooperating with a labyrinth path 115 downstream of said cover.

Said cover 130 only allows the passage, in dynamic phase, of the small quantity of oil sufficient for the lubrication of the bearing 131; and if the lubricant were to reach said cushion in excessive quantity, it would be automatically evacuated into the chamber 111 through the passage delimited by the sides of the cover 130 and of the wheel 82ʹ.

(b) A slide 190 carrying the pressure roller 9 of the stretching group and at least one spring 191 for adjusting the pressure on the drive roller 8, removably attached to the base of the structure 100 by means of a tooth 192 provided in correspondence of one end of the slide and to be introduced into a corresponding cavity 193 of the structure 100 and of a rod or latch 194 housed in a sliding manner in correspondence of the other end of the slide and aligned with the aforementioned spring 191, and the head 195 of which is intended to engage in a corresponding hole passing from the structure 100. In such a way by raising the slide, it is possible to inspect the two rollers 8, 9 of the stretching group and possibly substitute the pressure roller 9. Said slide 190 is further provided with a counterweight disposed in a corresponding space 197, in a diametrically opposite position relative to the spring 191, so as to be statically balanced.

(c) A compressed air ejector 141, mounted on an arm 142 supported by the fixed part of the spinner, independently of the body 1, the inlet tube 143 of which is positioned downstream of the stretching group 8, 9 and so collecting the wire in formation at the outlet of the latter and guiding it to the outlet 15 of the device. The compressed air introduced through the conduit 144 arrives in an annular chamber 145 concentric with the said tube 143 and so as to touch the mouth with an inclination of 45 ° or less, this contributing to the blunt edges of the end of the tube 143 and the juxtaposed edge of the ejector. Said arm 142 is articulated on the spinner to allow, with a vertical rotary movement, to distance and respectively approach the inlet tube 143 to the stretching group 8, 9 in order to allow the removal of the slide 190 above with the pressure roller 9 of the stretching group.

According to another embodiment, in accordance with the invention and with reference to FIG. 8 of the accompanying drawings, the body 1, 1ʹ with the pin 2 and the stretching group 8, 9 is provided in the tumbled position relative to that of the mechanism of FIG. 2 and the nozzle 20 for the introduction of pressurized air, intended to generate the air flow inside the metal tube 5 and around the cylinders 8, 9 of the stretching group, is provided near the orifice 15 for the outlet of the wire in formation 7.

According to another embodiment, in accordance with the invention and with reference to FIG. 9 of the accompanying drawings, provision is made to position the stretching group with the axes of the cylinders 8, 9 on the same vertical plane and laterally with respect to the axis of the metal tube 5 and to provide the cavity 12 of the body 1, 1ʹ of a connection conduit 11, with the orifice 18 for introducing the wire in formation 7.

Claims (21)

1. Mechanism for continuous spinning, consisting of a stretching group (8, 9) turning around the vertical axis of the thread being formed (7), a hollow body (1) turning around a tubular journal (2), fixed coaxial with the body (1) and also supporrted by a fixed part (3) of the spinner, and in the said body (1) the stretching group is installed, whose cylinders (8, 9) obtain their rotational movement around their own axes from the rotation of the body (1), character­ized by the fact that inside the said journal (2) there is a metal tube (5) for the passing through of the thread being formed (7), which is fixed to the body (1) and turns solidly with it and concentrically with the journal (2); that inside the metal tube (5), an air current is produced which moves around and in the direction of movement of the thread being formed (7) and also around the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group in the opposite direction to them and finally emerges through the outlet orifice (15) of the thread being formed (7); that the pressure between the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group can be regulated.

2. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said hollow body is fixed, an internal structure (100) mounted rotating on the said fixed journal (2) and carrying the driving roller (8) of the stretching group and the train of gears (60, 81, 82ʹ, 85) for moving it and, whose boundary walls, with those of body (1), three communicating chambers (110-112) intended to contain and distribute, by the centrifugal effect derived from the rotation of the said body and in conjunction with a lubri­cation arrangement (150), a sufficient quantity of oil for the lubrication of the said train of gears (21, 60, 81, 82ʹ, 85) and the bearings of the respective shafts.

3. Mechanism according to claim 2), characterized by the fact that the said chamber (110) is open at the top and communicates with the chamber situated above (112) and that the chamber (111) is closed at the top and communicates with the chamber situated above (112) via several orifices (113).

4. Mechanism according to claim 2 ) characterized by the fact that the said upper chamber (112) has a diameter greater than that of the external chamber (111).

5. Mechanism according to claim 2 ), characterized by the fact that the said lubrication arrangement (150) is fixed concentrically on the said journal (2) and that it consists of several branches with double square folds and whose vertical side is alternately directed upwards and downwards.

6. Mechanism according to claim 2 ), characterized by the fact that the bearing (131) of the driving roller (8) of the stretching group is protected by a cover (130) and that a labyrinth passage (115) prevents the lubricating oil present in the said cover from reaching the driving roller (8).

7. Mechanism for continuous spinner consisting of a stretching group (8, 9) rotating around the vertical axis of the thread being formed (7), a hollow body (1) turning around a tubular journal (2), fixed, coaxial with body (1) and supported by a fixed part (3) of the spinner and in which body (1), the stretching group (8, 9) is installed, characterized by the fact that the structure (100) of the stretching group (8, 9) is provided with a movable slide (190), carrying the pressure roller (9), which is served by a regulating spring (191).

8. Mechanism according to claim 7 ), characterized by the fact that the said slide (190) is provided with a rod or bar (194) sliding in alignment with the said spring (191) and whose head is intended to engage in a fitting hole corres­ponding to the said structure (100).

9. Mechanism according to claim 7 ), characterized by the fact that the said slide (190) is equipped with a counter­weight, arranged on the diametrically opposite side to the spring, to provide a static equilibrium.

10. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said journal (2) and the said metal tube (5) are arranged upstream of the stretching group (8, 9) in the direction of movement of the thread being formed.

11. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said journal (2) and the said metal tube (5) are arranged downstream of the stretching group ( 8, 9 ) in the direction of movement of the thread being formed.

12. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the speed of rotation of body (1), the trans­mission ratio of the internal gear train ( 21, 60, 81-85; 21ʹ 60ʹ, 81-85; 21, 60, 81, 82ʹ, 85; 61-64 ) and the diameter of the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group are variable, but in such a way as to obtain form 10 to 400 turns per metre of the thread being formed (7).

13. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said air current inside the metal tube (5) and around the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group to the outlet orifice (15) of the thread being formed (7) is obtained by the injection of compressed air via a nozzle (20) which is placed close to the upper end of the journal (2), provided upstream of the stretching group and which is also directed in the direction of movement of the thread being formed (7).

14. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said air current inside the metal tube (5) and around the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group is obtained by the injection of compressed air via a nozzle (20), which is placed near the lower end of the journal (2) provided downstream of cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group and which is directed in the direction of movement of the thread being formed (7).

15. Mechanism for continuous spinner consisting of a stretch­ing group (8, 9) turning around the vertical axis of the thread being formed (7), a hollow body (1) turning around a tubular journal (2), fixed, coaxial with the body (1) and supported by a fixed part ( 3 ) of the spinner, and in which body (1) there is installed the stretching group (8, 9), characterized by the fact that downstream of the stretching group (8, 9) an arm (142) is provided independent of the said body (1) and articulated on the fixed part of the spinner with an ejector (141) for compressed and, and whose incoming tube ( 143 ) is intended to collect the thread being formed which is leaving the stretching group ( 8, 9 ) and to guide it to the outlet (15) of the device.

16. Mechanism according to claim 15 ), characterized by the fact that the said ejector (141) includes an annular chamber (145) arranged in a concentric manner at the end of the said tube (143) and in such a way that the compressed air introduced brushes lightly past the mouthpiece at an angle less than or equal to 45°.

17. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said train of gears (81-85) includes a reversing gear with cylindrical gearwheels with at least onelloose wheel (84), the inclusion or exclusion of which respectively in the transmission by means of gearwheel (83) for the position taken up by the latter relative to the direction of rotation given to body (1), enables one to reverse the direction of rotation of the latter body (1) by leaving the direction of rotation of cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group around their axis the same and in conse­quence obtaining torsions Z or S respectively in the thread being formed (7).

18. Mechanism according to claim 1), characterized by the fact that the train of gears (81-83) is associated with a reversing gear with free wheels (86, 87).

19. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group are placed side by side, with the axes in the same horizontal plane, and are arranged symmetrically relative to the axis of the metal tube (5).
20. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group are provided with axes in the same vertical plane and are either arranged laterally or not, relative to the axis of the metal tube (5).

21. Mechanism according to claim 1 ), characterized by the fact that the said body (1) has the acccomodation hole (12) of the cylinders (8, 9) of the stretching group communicat­ing with the inlet orifice (18) of the thread being formed (7) via a connecting channel (11).

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