EP0247391A2 - Dispositif de couplage hyperfréquence étanche - Google Patents

Dispositif de couplage hyperfréquence étanche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0247391A2
EP0247391A2 EP87106414A EP87106414A EP0247391A2 EP 0247391 A2 EP0247391 A2 EP 0247391A2 EP 87106414 A EP87106414 A EP 87106414A EP 87106414 A EP87106414 A EP 87106414A EP 0247391 A2 EP0247391 A2 EP 0247391A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
window
coupling device
section
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87106414A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0247391A3 (fr
Inventor
Günther Dr.-Ing. Müller
Rolf Prof. Dr. Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften eV
Original Assignee
Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften eV filed Critical Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Wissenschaften eV
Publication of EP0247391A2 publication Critical patent/EP0247391A2/fr
Publication of EP0247391A3 publication Critical patent/EP0247391A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/08—Dielectric windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid-tight coupling-out device for high-energy microwave radiation with a waveguide which has a feed end which can be coupled to a microwave source and a coupling-out end which is closed in a fluid-tight manner by a dielectric window which is permeable to the microwave radiation.
  • microwave windows Vacuum-tight or more generally fluid-tight coupling devices
  • microwave windows are required for coupling microwaves from a microwave source and for coupling microwaves from a gas-filled waveguide into a vacuum vessel and similar applications.
  • microwave powers e.g. in the megawatt range
  • higher frequencies e.g. above a few 10 GHz, e.g. between 60 and 100 GHz
  • pulse lengths e.g. several seconds to continuous wave
  • windowless operation of the high-frequency source is discussed. Such a mode of operation is associated with considerable disadvantages and greatest problems.
  • a vacuum-tight, radio-frequency-permeable window arrangement between an input-side and an output-side coaxial line in which a ceramic hollow cylinder is arranged between the input-side and the output-side coaxial line, which is the inner conductor of the input-side coaxial line in the area of the transition to surrounds the output-side coaxial line as a continuation of the outer conductor of the input-side coaxial line.
  • a ceramic hollow cylinder is arranged between the input-side and the output-side coaxial line, which is the inner conductor of the input-side coaxial line in the area of the transition to surrounds the output-side coaxial line as a continuation of the outer conductor of the input-side coaxial line.
  • Coaxial cables are provided in the area of the window arrangement, e.g. B. an annular adapter, which surrounds the ceramic hollow cylinder at a distance and is attached to the inside of the inner conductor of the output-side coaxial line.
  • the present invention solves the problem of specifying a fluid-tight coupling device for microwave waveguides, which is also suitable for very high high-frequency throughputs and long-term loads and ensures flawless mode transmission, in that the window has the shape of a tube that continues the waveguide forms, is tightly connected at one end to the coupling-out end and is sealed at the other end by a first approximation conical microwave reflector, which reflects the microwave radiation emerging axially from the coupling-out end of the waveguide opposite it to the side through the tubular window, and that Window is surrounded by an approximately cup-shaped waveguide section which reflects the microwave radiation falling through the window essentially in the direction in which the microwave radiation emerges from the coupling-out end of the waveguide.
  • the coupling device makes it possible to distribute the resulting RF power loss of typically 1 to 2% of the RF transmission power through the at least approximately conical reflector relatively evenly over the window area, which is typically one to two orders of magnitude larger than in the known ones Microwave windows.
  • the cylindrical shape of the actual window also results in a higher mechanical strength, so that even with larger cylinder diameters, very small wall thicknesses can be used, whereby the absorption and thus the power loss are reduced accordingly.
  • an average area load of 3 to 4 watts / cm2 can be achieved, which can be easily dissipated by a forced air or gas flow.
  • the window can be externally coated with a suitable, low-damping coolant, e.g. B. cool a suitable oil, especially silicone oils or petroleum, which can be pumped around with a free surface (vertical position of the input waveguide) if necessary.
  • a suitable, low-damping coolant e.g. B. cool a suitable oil, especially silicone oils or petroleum, which can be pumped around with a free surface (vertical position of the input waveguide) if necessary.
  • the coupling device according to the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for high-frequency sources with axially symmetric mode emission TE on (eg gyrotrons).
  • axially symmetric mode emission TE on eg gyrotrons
  • non-axially symmetric modes e.g. whispering gallery etc.
  • rotation circularly polarized emission
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show somewhat schematic axial sections of four different embodiments of the coupling device (microwave window arrangement) according to the invention. All of the illustrated embodiments are rotationally symmetrical.
  • the microwave window arrangement (10) shown in Fig. 1 contains a cylindrical tube (12) made of a dielectric, low-loss, microwave-permeable material, such as. B. high-frequency ceramic, Al2O3, SiO2 or quartz glass.
  • the tube (10) forms an aligned extension of a waveguide (14) which has a circular cross section and can form the output waveguide of a microwave source, for example a gyrotron or a free electron laser.
  • One end of the dielectric tube (12) is vacuum-tight with the end of the waveguide (14) connected.
  • a reflector (16) projecting into the interior of the tube and having a first approximation is fused in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • a cup-shaped waveguide section (18) on the outside which surrounds the tube (12) at a distance, extends beyond its end, and an open end facing away from the waveguide (14) (20) has z. B. with a waveguide (22) enlarged cross section, which leads to a consumer for the microwave power, connected or can act as a type of horn.
  • the metal waveguide section (18) has a polished, reflective, approximately tulip-shaped inner wall (24) which runs in the area opposite the tube (12) in cross section according to a function f 1 (z), where z is the axial direction.
  • the reflector (16) made of metal or ceramic has a reflective, smooth inner surface (26) which tapers in the direction of the waveguide (14) and is concave from the axis to the outside in accordance with a second function f2 (z).
  • the functions f 1 (z) and f 2 (z) are chosen so that the microwave radiation incident on the surface (26) of the reflector (16) from the waveguide (14) with a mode of the type TE mn after passing through the actual window Tube (12) on the surface (24) of the waveguide section (18) is converted into itself or a well-defined neighboring mode (TE ⁇ mn ), further secondary modes are made to a minimum and at the same time returning waves are minimized.
  • 1 is suitable for TE on modes and (possibly rotating) TE mn modes with m greater than 0.
  • a first determination of the functions f 1 (z) and f 2 (z) can be determined with the aid of light-optical reflection tests.
  • a variation method e.g. connect using finite elements.
  • the optimization can be carried out and checked with the aid of a suitable mode analyzer (k spectrometer) with regard to reflections and interference mode generation.
  • the microwave window arrangement according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 mainly in that the waveguide (114) leading to the window structure has an extension section (115), the diameter of which continuously increases and the inner wall of which corresponds to a function f 3 (z).
  • the end of the widened section (115) is tightly connected to a ceramic tube (112) serving as a window and a cup-shaped section (118) which surrounds the ceramic tube at a distance.
  • the tube (112) here has a larger diameter than the original incoming waveguide (114).
  • a reflector (116) of the type explained with reference to FIG. 1 is again tightly attached, the surface of which is defined by a function f ⁇ 2 (z).
  • the function f ⁇ 1 (z) of the reflecting surface of the cup-shaped waveguide section (118) and the function f ⁇ 2 (z) of the reflector (116) are selected as it is with reference to FIG. 1 for the functions f1 (z) and f2 (z) was explained.
  • the enlargement (115) and the larger diameter of the tube (112) that is made possible thereby enable a reduction in the overall length of the microwave window arrangement, since a window area corresponding to the enlarged diameter is available per unit length.
  • the function f3 (z) is included in the optimization of the functions f ⁇ 1 (z) and f ⁇ 2 (z).
  • FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to that according to FIG. 1 with the exception that the cup-shaped waveguide section (18) with connections (28) or (30) for introducing or discharging a gas for cooling the tube (12) is provided.
  • This embodiment is suitable, for example, for throughputs of 1 to 2 MW.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 4 is for extremely high throughputs, e.g. suitable in the order of 10 MW and more.
  • the window arrangement is operated with a vertical axis and the waveguide section (18) is provided with connections (32, 34) for the inlet or outlet of a low-damping dielectric cooling liquid (36) which can form a free liquid surface (38) and not in one cooling circuit shown is circulated.
  • a low-damping dielectric cooling liquid (36) which can form a free liquid surface (38) and not in one cooling circuit shown is circulated.
  • Purest petroleum for example, is suitable as the cooling liquid.
  • Typical dimensions for frequencies from approx. 60 to 100 GHz are: Axial length of the tube (12) approx. 0.5 - 1 m; Diameter of the tube (12) approx. 50-100 mm; Diameter of the exit end of the waveguide section (18) approx. 100-200 mm.

Landscapes

  • Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
EP87106414A 1986-05-27 1987-05-04 Dispositif de couplage hyperfréquence étanche Withdrawn EP0247391A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863617779 DE3617779A1 (de) 1986-05-27 1986-05-27 Fluiddichte kopplungsvorrichtung fuer mikrowellenstrahlung
DE3617779 1986-05-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0247391A2 true EP0247391A2 (fr) 1987-12-02
EP0247391A3 EP0247391A3 (fr) 1988-10-12

Family

ID=6301713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87106414A Withdrawn EP0247391A3 (fr) 1986-05-27 1987-05-04 Dispositif de couplage hyperfréquence étanche

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4782314A (fr)
EP (1) EP0247391A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS631201A (fr)
DE (1) DE3617779A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK239087A (fr)
PT (1) PT84939B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006048815B4 (de) * 2006-10-16 2016-03-17 Iplas Innovative Plasma Systems Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Mikrowellenplasmen hoher Leistung
CN105846016B (zh) * 2016-04-14 2018-10-26 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 一种高功率微波te31-te11模式转换器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL301216A (fr) * 1900-01-01
FR1275343A (fr) * 1959-12-01 1961-11-03 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux circuits de transmission à fréquences élevées
US3110000A (en) * 1962-04-11 1963-11-05 Delos B Churchill Waveguide window structure having three resonant sections giving broadband transmission with means to fluid cool center section
GB973583A (en) * 1962-04-11 1964-10-28 Post Office Improvements in or relating to microwave aerials
DE2907808A1 (de) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Siemens Ag Vakuumdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlaessige fensteranordnung in einer koaxialleitung, insbesondere fuer wanderfeldroehren

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE25712C (de) * C. HÜTTEMEISTER, Inhaber der Firma KREMP & HÜTTEMEISTER in Lüdenscheid i. W Verschlufs für Schuhe, Gammaschen u. dergl
GB998815A (en) * 1960-08-03 1965-07-21 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to high frequency electrical apparatus
US3039068A (en) * 1960-08-05 1962-06-12 Gen Electric Transmission line windows
DE2907762A1 (de) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Siemens Ag Gasdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlaessige fensteranordnung in einer koaxialleitung, insbesondere fuer wanderfeldroehren
US4593259A (en) * 1983-07-27 1986-06-03 Varian Associates, Inc. Waveguide load having reflecting structure for diverting microwaves into absorbing fluid

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL301216A (fr) * 1900-01-01
FR1275343A (fr) * 1959-12-01 1961-11-03 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnements aux circuits de transmission à fréquences élevées
US3110000A (en) * 1962-04-11 1963-11-05 Delos B Churchill Waveguide window structure having three resonant sections giving broadband transmission with means to fluid cool center section
GB973583A (en) * 1962-04-11 1964-10-28 Post Office Improvements in or relating to microwave aerials
DE2907808A1 (de) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Siemens Ag Vakuumdichte, hochfrequenzdurchlaessige fensteranordnung in einer koaxialleitung, insbesondere fuer wanderfeldroehren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT84939A (de) 1987-06-01
JPS631201A (ja) 1988-01-06
DE3617779A1 (de) 1987-12-03
US4782314A (en) 1988-11-01
PT84939B (pt) 1990-02-08
DK239087D0 (da) 1987-05-12
EP0247391A3 (fr) 1988-10-12
DK239087A (da) 1987-11-28

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Inventor name: WILHELM, ROLF, PROF. DR.