EP0242715A2 - Pot twisting spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

The pot twisting spindle is used for twisting one or more yarns or threads which have been wound in the single or folded state on bobbins. The pot twisting spindle consists of a rotatable pot (1), on the inside of which a bobbin receiving mandrel (2) rises from the floor at the centre, and a lid, which carries on the upper surface a centrally arranged twist limiter (11). The bobbin or bobbins (5, 5', 5'') sits or sit easily rotatable on the bobbin receiving mandrel (2). The pot wall (1) has in the middle of the bobbin or the bobbins (5, 5', 5'') guides (7, 7', 7''; 17, 18; 28, 30) through which the yarns or threads (9, 9', 9'') pass upwards to the twist limiter (11) and on to the take-off or winding unit. To ensure entrainment of the bobbin or bobbins (5, 5', 5'') inserted into the pot (1), in particular on acceleration and deceleration of the pot twisting spindle, the pot twisting spindle is provided with braking or coupling devices, in particular those which become disengaged at high spindle speeds through the centrifugal force. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a pot twisting spindle for twisting one or more yarns or threads, which are wound individually or in a fan on bobbins, consisting of a rotating drivable twisting pot, in the interior of which a bobbin holding mandrel starting from the bottom is arranged, and a twisting pot cover, which on the Top has a centrally located swirl limiting part.

The twisting of yarns and threads is still carried out in large quantities according to the ring twisting system. Although this well-known twisting process is associated with a number of considerable deficiencies, the twisting quality that can be achieved with it can be assessed as very good. In spite of the disadvantages associated with this system, namely a limited length of twisted thread, the necessary maintenance of the rotor and in particular the maximum production speed limited by the ring rotor system, the ring twisting process is still used to a large extent. The feed of the yarns / threads positively driven in the ring twisting process by the supplying plants and in particular the tension which inevitably arises in the case of the so-called balloon formation before the runner run ensure that all the yarns or threads run with the same tension on the ring spindle. Small differences in length and tension, as are unavoidable in bobbins or when feeding single threads, are largely compensated for in this old twisting system by the aforementioned repeated tension and thus length alignment, a fact that is known to have an extremely positive effect on the twist values of elongation and strength.

In contrast to this well-known ring twisting process, the yarn / thread feed in the newer twisting processes, the double wire twisting process and also in the so-called two-step twisting process takes place almost without tension, that is to say the individual yarns or threads run almost with both the individual and the fed feed of the actual rotation issuing point without tension. In many cases, this is the cause of irregular threads, since the individual thread components do not become entangled in the thread and therefore of the same length.

For this disadvantageous reason, a connection of the individual yarns / threads preceding the actual twisting has proven to be absolutely necessary in the two-stage twisting process. This connection of the folded yarns / threads is carried out in the two-stage twisting process by a low real twist, i.e. the folded yarns / threads are connected to each other with just a little twist before the actual twisting in a compartment twister using the ring traveler system. The fact that the ring traveler system must also be used in this twisting system and that the twisting thus takes place in two separate work cycles, of which the former, when using the ring traveler system, is inevitably limited in its performance, reduces the economy of this twisting process .

In the double-wire twisting process, brakes are used, ie interposed, to achieve the length and thus tension alignment of the yarns / threads to be twisted before the twist is given; a measure for which a myriad of proposals and designs have become known. Nevertheless, the problem of unavoidable length and tension differences is still a problem with this twisting system, both when presenting single yarn bobbins, so-called sun bobbins, as well as when yarns / threads are put in place with different materials and twine settings.

In a potted thread spindle of the type mentioned in DE-OS 23 10 002, the bobbin or the bobbins are attached to the bobbin mandrel in a rotationally fixed manner, and the threads or yarns are removed from the bobbin or the bobbins directly through an opening arranged in the twister pot cover deducted. The length of the thread swinging around the bobbin constantly changes its length, which results in a corresponding change in the tension in the thread balloon. Attempts were made to take these difficulties into account by assigning specially shaped attachments for guiding the thread to the opening in the twist pot lid.

In the book by G. Georgi "Zwirne und Zwirnmaschinen", Stuttgart, 1957, Konradin-Verlag, pages 224/225, an open twisting spindle for a balloon twister is also described, in which the length of the distance between the bobbin and that above the center of its axis existing thread piece extending thread piece is kept constant. For this purpose, the spindle is equipped with a disc that carries two eyelets opposite each other. The eyelet eyes are located approximately at the middle of the bobbin height, and the thread is pulled by the bobbin through one of the eyelets towards the upper twist eyelet. The spool runs easily on the spindle axis and is braked by an underlying fiber or felt disc. The second eyelet mainly serves as a reserve and to balance the flywheel. However, such open twisting spindles can only run at low speeds because of the inevitable high centrifugal forces and the consequent inevitable spinning and throwing of the yarns. There is also the fact that folded yarns and threads can only be processed to a very limited extent with such rotating guide eyelets, since in addition to the centrifugal force being thrown off, there is also the problem of the continuous twist, ie the twists of the thread run through to the outlet spool and are twisted on it.

The invention has for its object to provide a generic pot twist spindle, in which the yarn or threads drawn from the bobbin or from the bobbins can be fed with the formation of a balloon with such a length-compensating tension of the twist that a completely uniform distribution of twist in the twine is ensured.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the bobbin or the bobbins is or are easily rotatably mounted on the bobbin holding mandrel and that guides are arranged in the side wall of the twist pot in the middle of the bobbin or bobbins, through which the yarns or threads follow above to the swirl limiting part and further to the pulling or winding device. The pot twist spindle according to the invention brings about a twisting of the twist components uniformly like the known ring twisting method by the unwinding yarn draw-off from the spool or spools and a developing drainage balloon, without however using the ring traveler system which is limited in its performance.

In the pot twisting spindle according to the invention, the yarns or threads to be twisted, similarly to the known ring twisting method, are guided in two separate areas with such a pretension that they are twisted in the subsequent twisting process with the same tension and length.

With the pot twist spindle according to the invention, all textile materials, that is to say both vegetable, for example cotton, such as animal, for example wool, and also all synthetic yarns or threads in all number ranges can be twisted individually or several times, as well as all possible material combinations. In contrast to the known twisting processes With the pot twisting spindle according to the invention, no changes or part exchanges etc. are required when changing the twisting specification apart from the rotation setting in the machine drive. To change the rotation setting, only the drive of the supply reel has to be changed.

The yarns / threads to be twisted can either be folded up or, in the case of double twisting, also presented as single threads or thread spools. The care that is required in most known twisting processes can be neglected when supply bobbins are perfectly perfectly wound. Almost all common types of bobbins are suitable for the thread template.

With the pot twist spindle according to the invention, yarns and threads of any type and thickness can be used for the first time without the previously necessary protective connection, e.g. the well-known specialist twisting, i.e. from spooled bobbins or alternatively from single yarn bobbins with high or even extremely high spindle speeds.

In order for the pot twist spindle to function properly, it must be ensured that the bobbin or the bobbins inserted in the pot twist spindle, with the exception of their slight unwinding rotation, rotates or rotates at the same speed as the pot twist spindle itself due to the thread or threads to be drawn off. This problem does not exist while the twisting process is in progress, since after a short start-up time the speeds will completely adjust. On the other hand, it turns out that the thread spool or spools remains or remain when the spindle starts, since the thread spool or spools are not non-rotatably connected to the pot twist spindle. This can lead to thread breaks.

The reverse is inevitably similar when the pot twist spindle is stopped with the thread spool or spools inserted, since the freely suspended mass of the spool or spools rotates longer than the pot twist spindle itself, which in turn can lead to thread breaks.

Mechanisms are used to ensure that the bobbin or bobbin rotates constantly at the same speed as the pot-type twist spindle itself, to ensure that the spindle runs smoothly, i.e. both when the spindle starts up, during the entire twisting process and when the spindle is stopped with the bobbin or bobbins inserted or turn, except for the slight unwinding of the bobbin or bobbins through the yarn take-off. The non-positive bobbin take-up should only act during the spindle run-up and run-down, while the bobbin or bobbins are not or are only braked slightly in the long-term twisting process. Such a device which effects the alternate functions described above should of course be simple in construction and should neither impede machine operation nor require additional operating work. The facility should also be constructed in such a way that it cannot change either over a long period of time or through unintentional personnel intervention.

Such a device, which meets these requirements, consists according to claims 11 to 13 of a centrifugal clutch, which prevents the coil or the coils from a relative rotation with respect to the twist pot when falling below a certain minimum speed of the twist pot.

• Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungs­form einer Topfzwirnspindel,
• Fig. 2 einen ausschnittsweisen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Topfzwirnspindel,
• Fig. 3 in größerem Maßstab einen Längsschnitt durch den unteren Bereich einer dritten Ausführungsform einer Topfzwirnspindel,
• Fig. 4 einen ausschnittsweisen Schnitt durch die in den Zwirntopf einsetzbare Scheibe nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3,
• Fig. 5 einen Längsschnitt durch eine vierte Ausführungs­form einer Topfzwirnspindel,
• Fig. 6 einen Teilschnitt durch die Topfzwirnspindel entsprechend der Linie VI-VI der Fig. 5,
• Fig. 7 eine Draufsicht auf den auf den Zwirntopf aufsetz­baren Deckel, teilweise im Schnitt, und
• Fig. 8 bis 10 Seitenansichten bzw. eine Vorderansicht von in den Zwirntopf einschiebbaren Fadengabeln.

Some preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:

• 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a pot twisting spindle,
• 2 shows a partial longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a pot twisting spindle,
• 3 shows, on a larger scale, a longitudinal section through the lower region of a third embodiment of a pot twisting spindle,
• 4 shows a section through the disc which can be inserted into the twister pot according to the line IV-IV in FIG. 3,
• 5 shows a longitudinal section through a fourth embodiment of a pot twist spindle,
• 6 is a partial section through the pot twisting spindle along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5,
• Fig. 7 is a plan view of the lid which can be placed on the twister pot, partly in section, and
• 8 to 10 side views or a front view of thread forks that can be inserted into the twisting pot.

1 and 2, a pot twisting spindle is shown in longitudinal section, the right half illustrating the twisting starting from a specialist spool, while the left half shows the twisting together, starting from two bobbins each with a single yarn. A twist pot 1 is arranged on a spindle which can be driven in rotation, inside which there is a bobbin holding mandrel 2 extending centrally from the floor. Bearing sleeves 3, 3 'with ball, roller or needle bearings 4 are rotatably mounted on the spool receiving mandrel 2 in a slightly rolling manner. These bearing sleeves 3, 3ʹ serve to hold the yarn or thread spool 5 or optionally the spools 5ʹ and 5ʺ. The lower coil 5ʺ is pushed directly onto the associated bearing sleeve 3; on the other hand, sleeves 6 and 6ʹ are provided between the coils 5 and 5ʹ on the one hand and the associated bearing sleeves 3ʹ for diameter compensation. In this way it is possible to use coils 5ʹ and 5ʺ with matching sleeve dimensions. In the middle of the height of the coil 5 or the coils 5ʹ and 5ʺ a continuous opening 7, 7ʹ, 7ʺ is formed in the twister pot wall, which is protected by a surface-hard eyelet 8. Through these openings 7, 7ʹ, 7ʺ the yarns 9, 9ʹ and 9ʺ to be withdrawn from the respective bobbin 5 or 5ʹ and 5ʺ are guided outwards and further upwards on the outside of the twister pot to the hook arranged on the twister pot lid 10 - Or annular twist limiting part 11 and further to a (not shown) thread winding. In order to prevent surface friction of the yarns or threads 9, 9ʹ, 9ʺ when the pot twisting spindle starts and runs out, a surface-hard ring 12 is arranged on the top of the cover 10. Due to the high speed of the pot twisting spindle in operation, the yarns or threads 9, 9ʹ and 9ʺ form a balloon between the or the openings 7, 7ʹ, 7ʺ and the twist limiting part 11, so that they do not touch the twister 1.

Known braking devices can be used in order to avoid undesired leading or trailing and to achieve a low-effective braking of the coil or coils 5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ. For example, permanent magnets 13, brushes 14, brake linings or rotary bearings running only in one direction of rotation or simple toothed switching devices in the manner of a ratchet can be used. For this purpose, a square hole with a lower radial shape is placed on the upper end of the bobbin mandrel 2, which has a square hole and is thus secured against rotation, to which a recess is assigned at the upper end of the bearing sleeve 3ʹ. The disc 15 is under the effect of the weight of an applied load disc 16.

In Fig. 2 the same pot twist spindle as in Fig. 1 is shown, but with the difference that the yarns or threads 9 are deflected upwards on the inner wall of the pot spindle. In this example, sleeve or ring-like guide parts 17 with thread guides in the form of eyelets 18 which can be inserted into the twist pot 1 serve for this purpose. The yarns which are guided upwards in the interior of the twist pot are further passed through the central bore of the twist pot lid 10 and via the twist limiting part 11 attached there. not shown) supplied winding.

In the embodiment of a cup twist spindle shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a centrifugal clutch is provided, which prevents the coil 5 from rotating relative to the twist pot 1 when the speed falls below a certain minimum. In the twister 1, a disk 19 is inserted that fills the entire bottom surface and is connected to the bottom by screws 20. The disc 19 has a free central bore 21, the diameter of which is so large that the mandrel 2 projecting into the twister pot or the bearing sleeve 3 mounted thereon fits through. Four radial bores 22 are arranged in the disk 19, each of which is provided with an internal thread at the outer end. A hardened steel ball 23 with a spherical shell 24 pushed in from the outside and then a compression spring 25 are inserted into each of these bores. At the outer end, the bores are closed with a grub screw 26. The bores 22 are somewhat narrowed on the inside, so that the inserted balls 23 cannot fall out. At the bottom of the rotatably mounted bearing sleeve 3 there is a round tube part against which the balls 23 bear under the pressure of the springs 25.

When the twist pot 1 and thus the disk 19 are set in rotation, the balls 23 act as a coupling and force the bearing sleeve 3 to rotate with the twist pot 1, i.e. the bearing sleeve 3 and the spool 5 placed thereon rotate at the effectively the same speed when the spindle starts. However, the frictional connection is only so firm that the yarns or threads to be drawn off can still be pulled off the spool 5 in a rolling manner.

The centrifugal force occurring with increasing spindle speed pushes the ball 23 against the springs 25 to the outside, whereby the drive connection between the twist pot 1 and the bearing sleeve 3 is interrupted. Thus, the yarns can now be pulled freely from the yarn spool 5 rotatably mounted on the spool take-up mandrel 2, as a result of which there is only a low twist tension in the run-off path.

If the pot twist spindle is turned off with the bobbin inserted, the reverse process takes place completely automatically. As the speed of the twist pot 1 decreases, the centrifugal force decreases, and the balls 23 come under the influence of the springs 25 back into contact with the tubular part of the bearing sleeve 3, so that the bearing sleeve 3 is coupled to the twist pot 1. The twisting pot 1 and the inserted bobbin 5 therefore come to a standstill simultaneously without the bobbin running on. This prevents thread or Thread breaks. The twists remain without differences even after the spindle or machine has come to a standstill.

If two bobbins 5ʹ, 5ʺ are attached to the bobbin mandrel 2, then the lower bobbin 5ʺ is coupled with the twist pot 1 in the form described above. The clutch for the upper coil 5ʹ is then, as shown in Fig. 5, in the lid 10 of the twister 1. Die Balls 23 and springs 25 are inserted into holes in the twister pot cover 10. The upper edge of the upper bobbin 5ʹ via an intermediate sleeve 6ʹ receiving bearing sleeve 3ʹ dips into the attached cover 10 so that the balls 23 abut there in the same way as in the bottom area on the tubular part of the bearing sleeve.

7, the cover 10 is provided with radial recesses 27 into which projections formed on the edge of the twist pot 1 engage. In this way, the cover 10 is secured against relative rotation with respect to the twist pot 1. These radial recesses are not illustrated in FIG. 5, since according to FIG. 7 they are arranged offset by 90 ° in relation to the position of the centrifugal clutch. Of course, the yarn 9ʹ, 9ʺ drawn off from the bobbins 5, 5ʺ also runs in a plane which is offset by 90 ° to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 5. These two outwardly open recesses of the cover 10, which serve to guide the yarn, are tempered. They ensure that the yarn can emerge as it emerges from the lid up to the twist limiting part 11, which can have a length and tension equalizing effect on the yarns.

With this simple and trouble-free centrifugal clutch, it is achieved that, on the one hand, the yarn spool or spools, together with the twisting pot 1, rotate at the same speed, but on the other hand they can rotate freely during the entire twisting process relative to the twisting pot.

The centrifugal brake or clutch described above can also be used in the embodiments of a cup twisting spindle shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, guide parts in the form of thread forks 28 are provided for thread guidance. These are formed by U-shaped bent wire sections and can be inserted with their free legs first into grooves 29, which are formed on the inner wall of the twister 1, cf. Fig. 6. The legs are each connected to each other with an additional U-shaped wire section 30. 5 shows, these U-shaped sections 30 of the thread forks 28, like the U-shaped connecting pieces 31 of the two legs, each protrude slightly from the common plane of the legs. In this way, it is possible for section 30 to deflect the yarn approximately in the central region of the associated bobbin 5ʹ, 5ʺ towards connecting piece 31.

These thread forks 28 are particularly easy to handle. The ends of the yarns are held up when the bobbins are inserted into the twisting pot 1, until after the subsequent insertion of the thread forks into the grooves 29 and thus fixing of the course of the thread, the lid 10 can be placed on the pot such that its two recesses are closed over the thread forks come lie, so that the latter feed the yarn to the cutouts by the shortest route. The two yarns can then easily come from different sides into and through the twist limiting part 11 assigned to the cover and from there up to the winding.

5 and 7 also show that a radially outwardly open groove 32 is provided on the edge of the cover 10, which is used to hold round rubber sections 33, 34, the ends of which are passed through radial bores on the groove base and therein e.g. are fixed by gluing. When the twisting pot rotates, the round rubber sections 33, 34 come into firm contact with the rim of the pot under the action of centrifugal force.

Claims (13)

1. Pot twist spindle for twisting one or more yarns or threads (9, 9ʹ, 9ʺ), which are wound individually or in a fan on bobbins (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ), consisting of a rotating drivable twisting pot (1), in the interior of which is arranged centrally from the bottom of the bobbin holding mandrel (2), and a twister cover (10) which has a centrally arranged swirl limiting part (11) on the top, characterized in that the bobbin or the bobbins (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ) on the bobbin holding mandrel ( 2) is or are easily rotatably rotatable and that in the side wall of the twister (1) in the middle of the bobbin or bobbins (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ) guides (7,7ʹ, 7ʺ; 17, 18; 28, 30 ) are arranged, through which the yarns or threads (9, 9ʹ, 9ʺ) are guided upwards to the twist limiting part (11) and further to the pulling or winding device. 2. Pot twist spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the coil or the coils (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ) are fitted onto bearing sleeves (3, 3ʹ) which are rotatably mounted on the bobbin mandrel (2). 3. pot twisting spindle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guides are formed by openings (7, 7ʹ, 7ʺ) arranged in the pot wall (1) through which the yarns or threads (9, 9ʹ, 9ʺ) to the outside and from there are guided upward to the swirl limiting part (11), forming a balloon 4. pot twisting spindle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guides of on the inside of the pot wall (1) arranged guide parts (17, 18; 28, 30) are formed, through which the yarns or threads (9, 9ʹ, 9ʺ) are deflected upwards to a hole arranged in the middle of the pot lid (10). 5. Pot twist spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide parts (17, 18; 28, 30) are removably inserted into the interior of the twister pot (1). 6. pot twisting spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide parts by insertable into the twister (1) sleeve sections (17) with thread guides in the form of eyelets (18) or the like. are formed. 7. pot twisting spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide parts are formed by U-shaped thread forks (28) which with their free legs in the thread pot (1) associated with axially parallel grooves (29) can be inserted. 8. Pot twisting spindle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the twisting pot (1) is closed by a cover (10) with recesses (27) provided in the edge region, through which the threads coming from the guide parts lead to the twist limiting part (11). are led. 9. pot twisting spindle according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized by braking means (13, 14, 15, 19-26) which counteract an excessive relative rotation of the coil or the coils (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ) in the twister (1) . 10. pot twisting spindle according to claim 9, characterized in that the braking means are permanent magnets (13), brushes (14), brake pads or rotation lock (15). 11. pot twisting spindle according to claim 9, characterized by a centrifugal clutch (19-26), which prevents the coil or the coils (5, 5ʹ, 5ʺ) from a relative rotation relative to the twist pot when the speed falls below a certain minimum. 12. pot twisting spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that in the bottom of the twisting pot (1) at least two opposite radial bores (22) are arranged, in which coupling body (23) are slidably mounted under the influence of centrifugal force, each with the force a spring (25) radially inward to the friction system on the circumference of the associated bearing sleeve (3) are loaded. 13. Pot twist spindle according to claim 12, characterized in that when using two single thread spools (5ʹ, 5ʺ) in the lid (10) of the twister (1) two mutually opposite radial bores are also arranged, in which coupling body (23) under the influence of Centrifugal forces are slidably mounted, which are each loaded with the force of a spring (25) radially inwards to the friction system on the circumference of the associated bearing sleeve of the upper spool (5ʹ).

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