Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
  • D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
  • D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
  • D21H17/42—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups anionic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
  • D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
  • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
  • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H19/22—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
  • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
  • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
  • G03C1/775—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of paper
  • G03C1/79—Macromolecular coatings or impregnations therefor, e.g. varnishes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a photographic paper support, in particular a paper support which is suitable for receiving those black-and-white and color photographic layers which require wet development and fixation by means of photographic baths.
• the photographic paper support is characterized by a highly smooth surface, a high internal strength and a slight soiling of the edges when treated with the photographic baths.
• neutral sizing agents e.g. Alkyl ketene dimers
• glue e.g. Alkyl ketene dimers
• DE-A 32 10 621 describes the use of a combination of alkyl ketene dimer or another neutral sizing agent, an anionic polyacrylamide and a cationic starch, DE-A 32 16 841 an inner sizing of alkyl ketene dimer and cationic polyacrylamide and in DOS 32 16 840 a Mixture of alkyl ketene dimer and a mixture of anionic and cationic polyacrylamide.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a photographic paper support which is suitable for the inclusion of photographic layers, in particular black / white and color photographic layers which require wet development and fixation, and which does not have the disadvantages associated with the prior art has, ie. which after treatment in photographic baths, even when using rapid development processes, shows no noteworthy contamination of the edges and has a highly smooth surface.
• the paper backing used in accordance with the invention is sized using fatty acids or fatty acid salts.
• the fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated. They contain 14 to 20 carbon atoms and are e.g. Palmitic acid, stearic acid or oleic acid. Fatty acids with 16 to 18 carbon atoms, especially stearic acid and their salts, e.g. Sodium stearate.
• the sizing agents are added to the paper pulp in an acidic pH range from 3.5 to 5 using aluminum salts, preferably aluminum sulfate or aluminum chloride.
• alkyl ketene dimer can be added to this sizing mixture of fatty acid and / or fatty acid salt and aluminum salt.
• the alkyl ketene dimers used contain alkyl groups with 12 to 18 carbon atoms and can be used individually or as a mixture.
• Anionic and cationic polyacrylamide are also added to the paper pulp.
• the ratio of anionic to cationic polyacrylamide is 40/60 to 60/40, preferably exactly 50/50
• the total amount added is 0.2 to 2.0% by weight, preferably 0.4 to 1.4% by weight, based on the paper pulp.
• Examples of cationic polyacrylamides which are used according to the invention are products of polyacrylamides modified according to Mannich, Hofmann degradation products of polyacrylamides, copolymerization products between acrylamides and ethyleneimine, copolymers of acrylamide with a cationic monomer, such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, in the form of the acidic salts of organic or mineral acids or in quaternized form with methyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate, or esters such as Diethylaminoethyl acrylate.
• the molecular weight is in a range from 500,000 to 2,000,000, preferably from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000.
• Anionic polyacrylamides used according to the invention are e.g. partially hydrolyzed products of polyacrylamides, acrylamide / acrylic acid copolymers or their salts, (meth) acrylamide / methacrylic acid copolymers or their salts, (meth) acrylamide (meth) acrylic acid / acrylonitrile copolymers or their salts and (Meth) acrylamide / (meth) acrylic ester copolymers or their saponification products.
• the molecular weight is in the range from 500,000 to 2,000,000, preferably from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000.
• anionic and cationic polyacrylamide does not cause strong flocculation of the fibers, but rather a highly smooth surface of the paper with a simultaneous drastic increase in the internal strength.
• the increase in strength proved to be not only dependent on the concentration. In general, a concentration-dependent increase in internal strength could be observed for all polyacrylamide combinations used, but this gain in strength was different with the same amounts used, the same quantity ratio and the same chain lengths of the polyacrylamides.
• the polyacrylamides used according to the invention can be added to the paper pulp as a mixture or individually. The individual addition is preferred.
• the paper can also be provided with a surface sizing in addition to an inner sizing in the paper pulp, e.g. consists of a starch or polyvinyl alcohol coating which is applied to the paper web from an aqueous solution using a known application method.
• a surface sizing in addition to an inner sizing in the paper pulp, e.g. consists of a starch or polyvinyl alcohol coating which is applied to the paper web from an aqueous solution using a known application method.
• the paper can also be provided on one or both sides with a polyolefin coating layer, which can contain a light-reflecting white pigment (especially in the front coating) and, if appropriate, color pigments, optical brighteners and / or other additives such as antistatic compounds, dispersing aids for the white pigment and antioxidants.
• a polyolefin coating layer can contain a light-reflecting white pigment (especially in the front coating) and, if appropriate, color pigments, optical brighteners and / or other additives such as antistatic compounds, dispersing aids for the white pigment and antioxidants.
• the polyolefin coating layer is applied in a conventional manner by extrusion coating.
• the paper itself can also contain mineral or organic fillers, white pigment, dye or color pigment, optical brighteners, antioxidants and / or other additives customary in the production of photographic supports.
• the paper made from this mixture is extrusion coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper produced from this mixture is extrusion-coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper made from this mixture is extrusion coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper made from this mixture is extrusion coated with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the order quantity is 2 g / m 2 .
• the treated paper is dried and extrusion coated with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper produced from this mixture is extrusion-coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper produced from this mixture is extrusion-coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper produced from this mixture is extrusion-coated on both sides with polyethylene in the usual way.
• the paper made from this mixture is extrusion coated with polyethylene in the usual way.
• Test 1 Measurement of surface smoothness (number of surfaces)
• test is carried out on the uncoated paper using the test method described in German patent application P 34 26 782.4-52.
• the polyethylene coated paper is subjected to a simulated photographic development process with a commercial developer containing benzyl alcohol at a temperature of about 30 ° C and for a period of 25 minutes.
• the penetration of the photographic baths is measured on both edges of the test piece with a measuring magnifier. The measured values are given as edge penetration (KE) in mm.
• test is carried out on the paper coated with polyethylene according to the method specified in TAPPI RC 308 with the Internal Bond Impact Tester Model B.
• Examples 1 to 5 illustrate the effect according to the invention.
• the test values in column 3 show that the optimum in terms of the internal strength of the paper is 10% with an anionic group in the anionic polyacrylamide.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (12)

• 1986
  • 1986-03-03 DE DE3606806A patent/DE3606806C1/de not_active Expired
• 1987
  • 1987-01-27 EP EP87101089A patent/EP0235564B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-01-27 DE DE8787101089T patent/DE3764826D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-01-27 ES ES87101089T patent/ES2000047B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-02-27 US US07/019,580 patent/US4808267A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-03-02 JP JP62045399A patent/JPH0687130B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1991
  • 1991-07-31 GR GR90300061T patent/GR900300061T1/el unknown

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