EP0225577B1 - Press for the manufacture of wooden panels - Google Patents

Press for the manufacture of wooden panels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225577B1
EP0225577B1 EP86116673A EP86116673A EP0225577B1 EP 0225577 B1 EP0225577 B1 EP 0225577B1 EP 86116673 A EP86116673 A EP 86116673A EP 86116673 A EP86116673 A EP 86116673A EP 0225577 B1 EP0225577 B1 EP 0225577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
layer
wood strips
jaws
press plates
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EP86116673A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0225577A1 (en
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Peter Schacht
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86116673T priority Critical patent/ATE44256T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/0086—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by connecting using glue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a solid wood panel according to the preamble of claim 1 and a press for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 2.
  • solid wood boards are used instead of grown wooden boards, which can still work well after processing and thus lead to warping, cracking or similar damage, which are formed from several layers, which in turn each consist of relatively narrow wooden slats are formed.
  • the wooden strips are cut in the direction of the fibers so that there is a single direction of fibers in each layer.
  • the fiber directions and thus also the extent of the wooden strips in two adjacent layers are transverse to each other.
  • These layers are pressed together during the gluing in the known method mentioned at the outset, so that a solid wood panel is produced which can be processed like a grown wooden panel, but not, as this tends to the damage mentioned above.
  • the layers are placed in the known press mentioned at the outset between two press plates which can be moved relative to one another and pressed together by these during the gluing.
  • the wooden strips at least of the surface layer that forms one of the visible surfaces of the solid wood panel are made of faultless wood, so that after pressing and thus gluing, the visible surface formed by these wooden strips can in no way be seen that they are not made from a single piece Wooden plate, but is formed from several, glued strips. After the production and processing of such a wooden panel, however, there is a certain shrinkage of such wooden strips across their fibers, which does not lead to the entire solid wooden panel itself showing cracks, warping or no longer being true to size, but nevertheless leads to the fact that Joints between the individual wooden strips are visible on the visible surface, so that the desired impression of a one-piece wooden panel is no longer achieved.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the method mentioned at the outset in such a way that a solid wood panel is created in which, even after prolonged use under unfavorable climatic conditions, for example in high air dryness, no parting lines between the wooden strips forming the visible surface or visible surfaces become visible .
  • a press is also to be created to carry out this process.
  • two side slides are provided which compress them transversely to the pressing direction of the press plates and to the fiber direction of a surface layer or both surface layers until the wooden strips of the respective surface layer bulge.
  • the press drive for the press plates is designed such that they come to a standstill in a position in which their mutual distance is a little larger than the thickness of the layer layers.
  • the wooden slats that bulge outwards or inwards as a result of the action of the side shifters come into firm contact against the press plates, so that further arching is prevented until these wooden slats break out.
  • the sideshifters assume their end position and remain there for a short time; then the press plates are in turn moved to their end position, in which they flatten the bulges that have arisen, which in turn reach their end position.
  • the press plates remain in this end position for a short time until the gluing is complete. Then the sideshift and press plates move apart so that the solid wood plate thus created can be removed.
  • the sideshift must therefore lie flat against the side edges of the surface layers and cover them fully to prevent the wood from splintering in the area of the sideshift system.
  • the sideshift must therefore preferably be in contact with the press plates.
  • the side slides are each divided into two jaws, each of which is in engagement with one of the surface layers.
  • the intermediate layer (s) are preferably set back from those side edges of the surface layers against which the jaws of the side slides bear in order to avoid disruptive engagement with the jaws.
  • the jaws can each be designed as a continuous bar, the height of which corresponds to that of the surface layers.
  • the two jaws of one side slide each have mutually facing, interlocking guides, which are preferably designed in the form of opposing grooves or webs extending in the direction of movement of the side slide.
  • the contact surface extends over the height of the.
  • Side edges of the surface layers and ensures over the entire length of the side jaws that they cannot move transversely to their direction of movement relative to each other locally, so that damage to the side edges is effectively avoided even when the highest pressures are exerted.
  • the two jaws in the area of their interlocking guides which are arranged at the level of the middle layers of the solid wood panel, provide a stop against it, so that it is possible to produce a solid wood panel with clean, non-stepped side edges.
  • the guides described are sufficient for the relative movement in order to ensure the required mobility of the two jaws of one side slide in each case in the direction of the press pressure of the press plates.
  • the two side jaws are connected to one another in a hinge-like manner, the pivot axis running parallel to the extension of the side jaws.
  • the press plates are normally arranged horizontally, and the lower press plate can be set up as a fixed support for the layer layers.
  • the side slides are lowered together with the upper press plate, whereby the lower jaw of each of the two side slides assumes a swivel position in which it passes the layer layers lying on the lower press plate or the machine table without interference until it sits on the lower press plate or the machine table .
  • a solid wood panel 1 is shown schematically and to scale, which is formed from three plywood layers 2, 3, 4, each of which is formed from mutually parallel wooden strips 5.
  • the wooden strips 5 of the two surface layers 2, 4 run parallel to one another, while the wooden strips 5 of an intermediate layer 3 sandwiched between these layers 2, 4 are arranged perpendicular to the wooden strips 5 of the surface layers 2, 4.
  • the length of the wooden strips of the surface layers 2, 4 is 560 cm
  • the length of the wooden strips 5 of the intermediate layer 3 is a little shorter than 230 cm
  • the thickness of the wooden strips of the surface layers 2, 4 is 4.3 mm in each case
  • the total height of the three layers 2, 3 and 4 is 19 mm.
  • the grain of the wooden strips 5 extends in the longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 2 the pressing process according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • FIG. 1 The stack shown in FIG. 1 is placed on a lower press plate or a machine table 6.
  • An upper press plate 7, which extends parallel to the lower press plate 6, is lowered into an intermediate layer in which its lower surface lies a distance b above the uppermost surface of the upper surface layer 2.
  • the two surface layers 2, 4 are pressed together in the direction of arrows a by side shifters shown in FIG. 3.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is set back from the side edges of the surface layers 2, 4 which are exposed to the pressing pressure in the direction of the arrows a, so that the intermediate layer remains unaffected by the pressing process.
  • the pressing pressure in direction a is increased until the wooden strips 5 try to avoid the pressing pressure by arching.
  • the bulge can, as shown in the upper surface layer 2, take place towards the free surface, but can also, as shown schematically on the lower surface layer 4, take place towards the intermediate layer 3. It is essential, however, that due to the position of the upper press plate 7, the degree of curvature of the individual wooden strips 5 b / 2 cannot exceed, this dimension being chosen so that no damage to the individual wooden strips 5 can occur due to their curvature.
  • FIG 3 shows a cross section through the press according to the invention.
  • the upper press plate 7 is here in its end position relative to the lower press plate 6.
  • the upper press plate 7 carries on its upper side a press drive 9, shown only schematically, for pressing two side slides 8 in direction a (FIG. 2).
  • the side slides 8 each have a stationary jaw 10 which engages under the upper press plate 7 and which is displaceable along the lower surface of the upper press plate 7 and the height of which must fully cover the edges of the wooden strips 5 of the upper surface layer 2.
  • the downward extension of the upper jaw 10 is arranged, which carries a rigid hinge axis 11 which extends perpendicular to the image plane of FIG. 3 and thus to the direction of movement of both the press plates 6, 7 and the side slider 8.
  • a lower jaw 12 is articulated, which rests with a lower contact surface on the machine table or the lower press plate 6 and has a height which does not fall below the thickness of the wooden strips 5 of the lower surface layer 4.
  • the side slides 8 can also be lowered at least within certain limits independently of the upper press plate 7, so that in the position of FIG. 2 there is also the distance b between the upper jaws 10 and the upper press plate 7.
  • the height of the jaws 10, 12 should be chosen so that its contact surface always covers the entire height of the side edges of the associated surface layer 2, 4.
  • each side shift 8 is able, in full contact with the associated side edge of the upper or lower surface layer 2, 4, both in the operating state of FIG. 2 and in that of FIG. 3 to stay.
  • FIG. 3 the two jaws 10, 12 are shown only schematically with their lowest possible height.
  • FIG. 4 an embodiment of FIG. 4 is preferred, in which two jaws 10 ', 12' are shown in a viewing direction that runs counter to direction a in FIG. 2:
  • the side jaws 10 ', 12' extend with their contact surfaces 3, substantially over the entire height of the free space between the two press plates 6, 7 in their end position, the two jaws 10 ', 12' being provided opposite one another with projections or complementary grooves 13 which engage in one another such that they prevent the relative displacement of the two jaws 10 ', 12' in their longitudinal direction.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method of making a solid wood board (1) by pressing together a plurality of plies (2, 3, 4) of wood strips (5) in a pressing direction extending transversely to the latter, at least one of which forms a surface-layer of a visible surface of the solid wood board (1), characterized in that the surface-layer (2, 4) is compressed transversely of the pressing direction and of the grain of the wood strips (5) forming said surface-layer (2, 4) until the wood strips (5) of the surface-layer (2, 4) arch, that the arching of the wood strips (5) is limited by a stop (6, 7) to prevent breaking out thereof and that then the archings of wood strips (5) are pressed flat with simultaneous supporting of the compressed side edges of the surface-layer (2, 4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Massivholzplatte gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, sowie eine Presse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 2.The invention relates to a method for producing a solid wood panel according to the preamble of claim 1 and a press for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 2.

Für viele Verwendungszwecke, bevorzugt für hochwertige Möbel, verwendet man anstelle gewachsener Holzbretter, die auch nach der Verarbeitung noch stark arbeiten können und somit zum Verwerfen, zur Rissebildung oder zu ähnlichen Schäden führen, Massivholzbretter, die aus mehreren Schichtlagen gebildet sind, welche ihrerseits jeweils aus verhältnismäßig schmalen Holzleisten gebildet sind. Die Holzleisten sind in Faserrichtung geschnitten, so daß in jeder Schicht eine einzige Faserrichtung vorherrscht. Die Faserrichtungen und somit auch die Erstreckung der Holzleisten in zwei benachbarten Schichten stehen quer zueinander. Diese Schichten werden in dem eingangs genannten, bekannten Verfahren während des Verleimens zusammengepreßt, so daß eine Massivholzplatte entsteht, die bearbeitet werden kann wie eine gewachsene Holztafel, aber nicht, wie diese, zu den oben erwähnten Schäden neigt. Hierbei werden die Schichten in der eingangs genannten, bekannten Presse zwischen zwei gegeneinander beweglichen Pressenplatten eingelegt und von diesen während des Verleimens zusammengepreßt.For many uses, preferably for high-quality furniture, solid wood boards are used instead of grown wooden boards, which can still work well after processing and thus lead to warping, cracking or similar damage, which are formed from several layers, which in turn each consist of relatively narrow wooden slats are formed. The wooden strips are cut in the direction of the fibers so that there is a single direction of fibers in each layer. The fiber directions and thus also the extent of the wooden strips in two adjacent layers are transverse to each other. These layers are pressed together during the gluing in the known method mentioned at the outset, so that a solid wood panel is produced which can be processed like a grown wooden panel, but not, as this tends to the damage mentioned above. In this case, the layers are placed in the known press mentioned at the outset between two press plates which can be moved relative to one another and pressed together by these during the gluing.

Die Holzleisten mindestens jener Oberflächen- - lage, die eine der Sichtflächen der Massivholzplatte bildet, sind aus fehlerfreiem Holz hergestellt, so daß nach dem Pressen und somit dem Verleimen die von diesen Holzleisten gebildete Sichtfläche in keiner Weise erkennen läßt, daß sie nicht aus einer einstückigen Holzplatte, sondern aus mehreren, verleimten Leisten gebildet ist. Nach der Herstellung und Bearbeitung einer solchen Holzplatte tritt jedoch ein gewisser Schwund solcher Holzleisten quer zu deren Faser auf, der zwar nicht dazu führt, daß die gesamte Massivholzplatte ihrerseits Risse aufweist, sich verwirft oder nicht mehr maßhaltig ist, aber doch dazu führt, daß die Trennfugen zwischen den einzelnen Holzleisten an der Sichtfläche sichtbar werden, so daß der angestrebte Eindruck einer einstückigen Holzplatte nicht mehr erreicht wird.The wooden strips at least of the surface layer that forms one of the visible surfaces of the solid wood panel are made of faultless wood, so that after pressing and thus gluing, the visible surface formed by these wooden strips can in no way be seen that they are not made from a single piece Wooden plate, but is formed from several, glued strips. After the production and processing of such a wooden panel, however, there is a certain shrinkage of such wooden strips across their fibers, which does not lead to the entire solid wooden panel itself showing cracks, warping or no longer being true to size, but nevertheless leads to the fact that Joints between the individual wooden strips are visible on the visible surface, so that the desired impression of a one-piece wooden panel is no longer achieved.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs genannte Verfahren dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß eine Massivholzplatte geschaffen wird, bei welcher selbst nach längerer Verwendung unter ungünstigen klimatischen Bedingungen, etwa bei hoher Lufttrockenheit, keinerlei Trennfugen zwischen den die Sichtfläche bzw. Sichtflächen bildenden Holzleisten sichtbar wird. Ferner soll eine Presse zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geschaffen werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing the method mentioned at the outset in such a way that a solid wood panel is created in which, even after prolonged use under unfavorable climatic conditions, for example in high air dryness, no parting lines between the wooden strips forming the visible surface or visible surfaces become visible . A press is also to be created to carry out this process.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Verfahrensschritte des Anspruchs 1, sowie die Merkmale der Presse des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.This object is achieved by the method steps of claim 1 and the features of the press of claim 2.

Hierbei sind zwei Seitenschieber vorgesehenen, die quer zur Preßrichtung der Pressenplatten und zur Faserrichtung einer Oberflächenschicht oder beider Oberflächenschichten diese zusammendrücken, und zwar so lange, bis sich die Holzleisten der jeweiligen Oberflächenschicht wölben. Gleichzeitig ist der Preßantrieb für die Pressenplatten so ausgebildet, daß sie in einer Lage zum Stillstand kommen, in welcher ihr gegenseitiger Abstand ein wenig größer ist als die Dicke der Schichtlagen. Hierdurch gelangen die sich infolge der Wirkung der Seitenschieber nach außen oder nach innen wölbenden Holzleisten in feste Anlage gegen die Pressenplatten, so daß ein weiteres Wölben bis zum Ausbrechen dieser Holzleisten verhindert ist.In this case, two side slides are provided which compress them transversely to the pressing direction of the press plates and to the fiber direction of a surface layer or both surface layers until the wooden strips of the respective surface layer bulge. At the same time, the press drive for the press plates is designed such that they come to a standstill in a position in which their mutual distance is a little larger than the thickness of the layer layers. As a result, the wooden slats that bulge outwards or inwards as a result of the action of the side shifters come into firm contact against the press plates, so that further arching is prevented until these wooden slats break out.

Wenn dieser Zustand erreicht ist, dann nehmen die Seitenschieber ihre Endlage ein und verharren in dieser für eine kurze Zeit; dann werden die Pressenplatten ihrerseits bis in ihre Endlage gefahren, in welcher sie die entstandenen Wölbungen flachdrücken, wobei sie ihrerseits ihre Endlage erreichen. In dieser Endlage verharren die Pressenplatten wiederum für eine kurze Zeit, bis die Verleimung abgeschlossen ist. Dann fahren die Seitenschieber und Pressenplatten auseinander, so daß die so entstandene Massivholzplatte entnommen werden kann.When this state is reached, the sideshifters assume their end position and remain there for a short time; then the press plates are in turn moved to their end position, in which they flatten the bulges that have arisen, which in turn reach their end position. The press plates remain in this end position for a short time until the gluing is complete. Then the sideshift and press plates move apart so that the solid wood plate thus created can be removed.

Besonders dann, wenn durch die Pressenplatten die entstandenen Wölbungen in den Holzleisten der Oberflächenschichten flachgedrückt werden, entstehen beim Eingriff zwischen den Seitenschiebern und den Oberflächenlagen außerordentlich hohe Kräfte. Die Seitenschieber müssen daher flächig gegen die Seitenkanten der Oberflächenlagen anliegen und diese voll abdecken, um zu verhindern, daß das Holz im Bereich der Anlage der Seitenschieber aussplittert. Die Seitenschieber müssen sich somit bevorzugt in Anlage mit den Pressenplatten befinden. Um nun die letzte Bewegung der Pressenplatten zum Flachdrücken der Wölbungen zu ermöglichen, sind erfindungsgemäß die Seitenschieber jeweils in zwei Backen unterteilt, von welchen jede in Eingriff mit einer der Oberflächenschichten steht. Diese Backen sind in Bewegungsrichtung der Pressenplatten aufeinander zu beweglich, so daß während der Endphase des Preßvorganges, in welcher die höchsten Kräfte auf die oberflächenlagen ausgeübt werden, deren Seitenkanten ihren Eingriff mit den jeweiligen Backen beibehalten. Da die Backen eines jeden Seitenschiebers in der Endphase einander gemeinsam mit den Oberflächenschichten annähern, wird jede Beschädigung der Seitenkanten vermieden, so daß eine fehlerfreie Massivholzplatte entsteht, die quer zur Faserrichtung so vorgepreßt ist, daß selbst nach längerem Gebrauch an den Grenzen zwischen den einzelnen Holzleisten keine Fugen auftreten und somit die Oberflächenlagen stets das Aussehen einer einstückigen Holzplatte beibehalten.Particularly when the bulges in the wooden strips of the surface layers are pressed flat by the press plates, extraordinarily high forces are created when the side slides engage with the surface layers. The sideshift must therefore lie flat against the side edges of the surface layers and cover them fully to prevent the wood from splintering in the area of the sideshift system. The sideshift must therefore preferably be in contact with the press plates. In order to allow the last movement of the press plates to flatten the bulges, the side slides are each divided into two jaws, each of which is in engagement with one of the surface layers. These jaws are movable towards each other in the direction of movement of the press plates, so that during the final phase of the pressing process, in which the greatest forces are exerted on the surface layers, the side edges of which retain their engagement with the respective jaws. Since the jaws of each sideshifter approach each other together with the surface layers in the final phase, any damage to the side edges is avoided, so that a flawless solid wood panel is created which is pre-pressed transversely to the grain direction so that even after prolonged use at the borders between the individual wooden strips no joints occur and the surface layers always maintain the appearance of a one-piece wooden panel.

Die zwischen den Oberflächenlagen angeordnete(n) Zwischenlage(n) sind bevorzugt gegenüber jenen Seitenkanten der Oberflächenlagen, gegen welche die Backen der Seitenschieber anliegen, zurückgesetzt, um einen störenden Eingriff mit den Backen zu vermeiden.The between the surface layers The intermediate layer (s) are preferably set back from those side edges of the surface layers against which the jaws of the side slides bear in order to avoid disruptive engagement with the jaws.

Die Backen können jeweils als durchgehende Leiste ausgebildet sein, deren Höhe jener der Oberflächenlagen entspricht. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen jedoch die beiden Backen jeweils eines Seitenschiebers einander zugewandte, ineinandergreifende Führungen auf, die bevorzugt in Form gegenüberliegender, sich in Bewegungsrichtung der Seitenschieber erstreckender Nuten bzw. Stege ausgebildet sind. Infolge dieser Ausgestaltung erstreckt sich die Anlagefläche über die Höhe der . Seitenkanten der Oberflächenlagen hinaus und sorgt über die gesamte Länge der Seitenbacken dafür, daß sich diese quer zu ihrer Bewegungsrichtung relativ zueinander auch örtlich nicht bewegen können, so daß selbst bei Ausübung höchster Preßdrücke eine Beschädigung der Seitenkanten wirksam vermieden wird. Ferner liefern die beiden Backen im Bereich ihrer ineinandergreifenden Führungen, die auf der Höhe mittlerer Schichtlagen der Massivholzplatte angeordnet sind, einen Anschlag gegen diese, so daß es möglich ist, eine Massivholzplatte mit sauberen, nicht abgestuften Seitenkanten herzustellen.The jaws can each be designed as a continuous bar, the height of which corresponds to that of the surface layers. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the two jaws of one side slide each have mutually facing, interlocking guides, which are preferably designed in the form of opposing grooves or webs extending in the direction of movement of the side slide. As a result of this configuration, the contact surface extends over the height of the. Side edges of the surface layers and ensures over the entire length of the side jaws that they cannot move transversely to their direction of movement relative to each other locally, so that damage to the side edges is effectively avoided even when the highest pressures are exerted. Furthermore, the two jaws in the area of their interlocking guides, which are arranged at the level of the middle layers of the solid wood panel, provide a stop against it, so that it is possible to produce a solid wood panel with clean, non-stepped side edges.

Grundsätzlich sind die beschriebenen Führungen für die Relativbewegung ausreichend, um die erforderliche Beweglichkeit der beiden Backen jeweils eines Seitenschiebers in Richtung des Pressendrucks der Pressenplatten zu gewährleisten. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung aber sind die beiden Seitenbacken scharnierartig miteinander verbunden, wobei die Schwenkachse parallel zur Erstreckung der Seitenbacken verläuft. Die Pressenplatten sind nämlich normalerweise horizontal angeordnet, wobei die untere Pressenplatte als ortsfeste Auflage für die Schichtlagen eingerichtet sein kann. Gemeinsam mit der oberen Pressenplatte werden die Seitenschieber abgesenkt, wobei die jeweils untere Backe der beiden Seitenschieber eine Schwenklage einnimmt, in welcher sie die auf der unteren Pressenplatte bzw. dem Maschinentisch liegenden Schichtlagen störungsfrei passiert, bis sie auf der unteren Pressenplatte bzw. dem Maschinentisch aufsitzt. Dann wird bei der weiteren, gemeinsamen Abwärtsbewegung der oberen Pressenplatte und der oberen Backen der beiden Seitenschieber die jeweilige untere Backe selbsttätig verschwenkt, wobei sie stets auf Höhe der unteren Oberflächenlage verbleibt. Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders einfache, aber zuverlässige und störungsfreie Presse zur Herstellung einer aufgabengemäß geforderten Massivholzplatte gebildet.Basically, the guides described are sufficient for the relative movement in order to ensure the required mobility of the two jaws of one side slide in each case in the direction of the press pressure of the press plates. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the two side jaws are connected to one another in a hinge-like manner, the pivot axis running parallel to the extension of the side jaws. The press plates are normally arranged horizontally, and the lower press plate can be set up as a fixed support for the layer layers. The side slides are lowered together with the upper press plate, whereby the lower jaw of each of the two side slides assumes a swivel position in which it passes the layer layers lying on the lower press plate or the machine table without interference until it sits on the lower press plate or the machine table . Then, during the further, common downward movement of the upper press plate and the upper jaws of the two side slides, the respective lower jaw is pivoted automatically, it always remaining at the level of the lower surface layer. In this way, a particularly simple, but reliable and trouble-free press is produced for the production of a solid wood panel as required.

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung wird beispielsweise anhand der beigefügten, schematischen Zeichnung noch näher erläutert.The object of the invention is explained in more detail, for example, with the aid of the attached schematic drawing.

In dieser zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Schichtlagen, die durch die erfindungsgemäße Presse zu einer Massivholzplatte verpreßt bzw. verleimt werden soll,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Preßvorganges,
  • Fig. 3 einen Vertikalschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Presse, und
  • Fig. 4 eine Frontansicht der Seitenbacken einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Seitenschiebers.
In this show:
  • 1 is a schematic representation of the layer layers which are to be pressed or glued to a solid wood panel by the press according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a schematic representation of the pressing process according to the invention,
  • 3 shows a vertical section through the press according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 4 is a front view of the side jaws of an embodiment of the side slider according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch und unmaßstäblich eine Massivholzplatte 1 gezeigt, die aus drei Schichtholzlagen 2, 3, 4 gebildet ist, von denen jede aus jeweils zueinander parallelen Holzleisten 5 gebildet ist. Die Holzleisten 5 der beiden Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 verlaufen parallel zueinander, während die sandwichartig zwischen diesen Lagen 2, 4 eingeschlossenen Holzleisten 5 einer Zwischenlage 3 senkrecht zu den Holzleisten 5 der Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 angeordnet sind.In Fig. 1, a solid wood panel 1 is shown schematically and to scale, which is formed from three plywood layers 2, 3, 4, each of which is formed from mutually parallel wooden strips 5. The wooden strips 5 of the two surface layers 2, 4 run parallel to one another, while the wooden strips 5 of an intermediate layer 3 sandwiched between these layers 2, 4 are arranged perpendicular to the wooden strips 5 of the surface layers 2, 4.

Die Länge der Holzleisten der Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 beträgt bei einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Presse 560 cm, die Länge der Holzleisten 5 der Zwischenlage 3 ist ein wenig kürzer als 230 cm, die Dicke der Holzleisten der Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 beträgt jeweils 4,3 mm, und die Gesamthöhe der drei Lagen 2, 3 und 4 beträgt 19 mm.In one embodiment of the press according to the invention, the length of the wooden strips of the surface layers 2, 4 is 560 cm, the length of the wooden strips 5 of the intermediate layer 3 is a little shorter than 230 cm, and the thickness of the wooden strips of the surface layers 2, 4 is 4.3 mm in each case , and the total height of the three layers 2, 3 and 4 is 19 mm.

Der Faserverlauf der Holzleisten 5 erstreckt sich in deren Längsrichtung.The grain of the wooden strips 5 extends in the longitudinal direction.

In Fig. 2 ist der erfindungsgemäße Preßvorgang schematisch dargestellt.In Fig. 2 the pressing process according to the invention is shown schematically.

Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Stapel ist auf eine untere Pressenplatte bzw. einen Maschinentisch 6 aufgelegt. Eine obere Pressenplatte 7, die sich parallel zur unteren Pressenplatte 6 erstreckt, ist in eine Zwischenlage abgesenkt, in welcher ihre untere Fläche um einen Abstand b über der obersten Fläche der oberen Oberflächenlage 2 liegt.The stack shown in FIG. 1 is placed on a lower press plate or a machine table 6. An upper press plate 7, which extends parallel to the lower press plate 6, is lowered into an intermediate layer in which its lower surface lies a distance b above the uppermost surface of the upper surface layer 2.

In dieser Lage werden die beiden Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 in Richtung der Pfeile a durch in Fig. 3 näher dargestellte Seitenschieber zusammengepreßt. Wie ersichtlich, ist die Zwischenlage 3 gegenüber den dem Preßdruck in Richtung der Pfeile a ausgesetzten Seitenkanten der Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 zurückversetzt, so daß die Zwischenlage vom Preßvorgang unberührt bleibt.In this position, the two surface layers 2, 4 are pressed together in the direction of arrows a by side shifters shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen, the intermediate layer 3 is set back from the side edges of the surface layers 2, 4 which are exposed to the pressing pressure in the direction of the arrows a, so that the intermediate layer remains unaffected by the pressing process.

Der Preßdruck in Richtung a wird solange erhöht, bis die Holzleisten 5 versuchen, durch Auswölben dem Preßdruck auszuweichen. Die Auswölbung kann, wie in der oberen Oberflächenlage 2 gezeigt, zur freien Oberfläche hin erfolgen, kann aber auch, wie schematisch an der unteren Oberflächenlage 4 gezeigt, zur Zwischenlage 3 hin erfolgen. Wesentlich ist jedoch, daß infolge der Lage der oberen Pressenplatte 7 das Maß der Auswölbung der einzelnen Holzleisten 5 b/2 nicht übersteigen kann, wobei dieses Maß so gewählt ist, daß keine Schäden an den einzelnen Holzleisten 5 infolge ihrer Wölbung auftreten können.The pressing pressure in direction a is increased until the wooden strips 5 try to avoid the pressing pressure by arching. The bulge can, as shown in the upper surface layer 2, take place towards the free surface, but can also, as shown schematically on the lower surface layer 4, take place towards the intermediate layer 3. It is essential, however, that due to the position of the upper press plate 7, the degree of curvature of the individual wooden strips 5 b / 2 cannot exceed, this dimension being chosen so that no damage to the individual wooden strips 5 can occur due to their curvature.

In diesem Zustand werden die Seitenkanten der Oberflächenlagen 2, 4 unnachgiebig abgestützt, und nach Verstreichen einer bestimmten, kurzen Setzzeit wird die obere Pressenplatte 7 noch vollends um den Abstand b abgesenkt, so daß die Wölbungen der Holzleisten 5 flachgedrückt werden. In dieser in Fig. 3 gezeigten Stellung verharrt die Presse für eine weitere, kurze Setzzeit, wonach die Presse geöffnet wird und die fertige Massivholzplatte entnommen werden kann.In this state, the side edges of the surface layers 2, 4 are supported relentlessly, and after a certain short setting time has elapsed, the upper press plate 7 is completely lowered by the distance b, so that the curvatures of the wooden strips 5 are flattened out the. In this position shown in Fig. 3, the press remains for another short setting time, after which the press is opened and the finished solid wood panel can be removed.

In Fig. 3 ist ein Querschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Presse gezeigt. Die obere Pressenplatte 7 befindet sich hierbei relativ zur unteren Pressenplatte 6 in ihrer Endlage.3 shows a cross section through the press according to the invention. The upper press plate 7 is here in its end position relative to the lower press plate 6.

Die obere Pressenplatte 7 trägt an ihrer Oberseite einen nur schematisch gezeigten Preßantrieb 9 zum Anpressen zweier Seitenschieber 8 in Richtung a (Fig. 2).The upper press plate 7 carries on its upper side a press drive 9, shown only schematically, for pressing two side slides 8 in direction a (FIG. 2).

Die Seitenschieber 8 weisen jeweils eine die obere Pressenplatte 7 untergreifende ortsfeste Backe 10 auf, die längs der unteren Oberfläche der oberen Pressenplatte 7 verschieblich ist und deren Höhe die Kanten der Holzleisten 5 der oberen Oberflächenlage 2 voll abdecken muß.The side slides 8 each have a stationary jaw 10 which engages under the upper press plate 7 and which is displaceable along the lower surface of the upper press plate 7 and the height of which must fully cover the edges of the wooden strips 5 of the upper surface layer 2.

An dem außerhalb der Pressenplatten 7, 8 . gelegenen Ende der oberen Backe 10 ist eine abwärtsweisende Verlängerung angeordnet, die eine steife Scharnierachse 11 trägt, die sich senkrecht zur Bildebene der Fig. 3 und somit zur Bewegungsrichtung sowohl der Pressenplatten 6, 7 als auch der Seitenschieber 8 erstreckt. An dieser Schamierachse 11 ist eine untere Backe 12 gelenkig gelagert, die mit einer unteren Anlagefläche auf dem Maschinentisch bzw. der unteren Pressenplatte 6 aufliegt und eine Höhe aufweist, die die Dicke der Holzleisten 5 der unteren Oberflächenlage 4 nicht unterschreitet.On the outside of the press plates 7, 8. the downward extension of the upper jaw 10 is arranged, which carries a rigid hinge axis 11 which extends perpendicular to the image plane of FIG. 3 and thus to the direction of movement of both the press plates 6, 7 and the side slider 8. On this hinge axis 11, a lower jaw 12 is articulated, which rests with a lower contact surface on the machine table or the lower press plate 6 and has a height which does not fall below the thickness of the wooden strips 5 of the lower surface layer 4.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsvariante können die Seitenschieber 8 auch mindestens innerhalb gewisser Grenzen unabhängig von der oberen Pressenplatte 7 abgesenkt werden, so daß in der Lage der Fig. 2 zwischen den oberen Backen 10 und der oberen Pressenplatte 7 ebenfalls der Abstand b vorliegt.According to one embodiment variant, the side slides 8 can also be lowered at least within certain limits independently of the upper press plate 7, so that in the position of FIG. 2 there is also the distance b between the upper jaws 10 and the upper press plate 7.

In jedem Falle ist die Höhe der Backen 10, 12 so zu wählen, daß ihre Anlagefläche stets die gesamte Höhe der Seitenkanten der zugehörigen Oberflächenlage 2, 4 abdeckt.In any case, the height of the jaws 10, 12 should be chosen so that its contact surface always covers the entire height of the side edges of the associated surface layer 2, 4.

Wie ersichtlich, ist infolge der gelenkigen Verbindung der beiden Backen 10, 12 jeder Seitenschieber 8 imstande, in voller Anlage mit der zugehörigen Seitenkante der oberen bzw. unteren Oberflächenlage 2, 4 sowohl im Betriebszustand der Fig. 2 als auch in jenem der Fig. 3 zu verbleiben.As can be seen, as a result of the articulated connection of the two jaws 10, 12, each side shift 8 is able, in full contact with the associated side edge of the upper or lower surface layer 2, 4, both in the operating state of FIG. 2 and in that of FIG. 3 to stay.

In Fig. 3 sind die beiden Backen 10, 12 nur schematisch mit ihrer geringstmöglichen Höhe dargestellt. Tatsächlich ist einer Ausführungsform der Fig.4 der Vorzug gegeben, in welcher zwei Backen 10', 12' in einer Blickrichtung gezeigt sind, die der Richtung a in Fig. 2 entgegenläuft: Die Seitenbacken 10', 12' erstrecken sich hierbei mit ihren Anlageflächen im wesentlichen über die gesamte Höhe des freien Raums zwischen den beiden Pressenplatten 6, 7 in ihre Endlage gemäß Fig. 3, wobei die beiden Backen 10', 12' einander gegenüberliegend mit Vorsprüngen bzw. komplementären Nuten 13 versehen sind, die so ineinandergreifen, daß sie die Relativverschiebung der beiden Backen 10', 12' in ihrer Längsrichtung verhindern. Außerdem ist die Bildung einer ungebrochenen, geraden Fuge zwischen den beiden Backen 10', 12' vermieden, die Beschädigungen an der Zwischenlage 3 hervorrufen könnte, wenn die Anlageflächen der beiden Backen 10', 12' am Ende des Preßvorganges auch mit dieser in Anlage gelangen.In Fig. 3, the two jaws 10, 12 are shown only schematically with their lowest possible height. In fact, an embodiment of FIG. 4 is preferred, in which two jaws 10 ', 12' are shown in a viewing direction that runs counter to direction a in FIG. 2: The side jaws 10 ', 12' extend with their contact surfaces 3, substantially over the entire height of the free space between the two press plates 6, 7 in their end position, the two jaws 10 ', 12' being provided opposite one another with projections or complementary grooves 13 which engage in one another such that they prevent the relative displacement of the two jaws 10 ', 12' in their longitudinal direction. In addition, the formation of an unbroken, straight joint between the two jaws 10 ', 12' is avoided, which could cause damage to the intermediate layer 3 if the contact surfaces of the two jaws 10 ', 12' also come into contact with the latter at the end of the pressing process .

Claims (4)

1. A method of making a solid wood board (1) by pressing together a plurality of plies (2, 3, 4) of wood strips (5) in a pressing direction extending transversely to the latter, at least one of which forms a surface-layer of a visible surface of the solid wood board (1), characterized in
that the surface-layer (2, 4) is compressed transversely of the pressing direction and of the grain of the wood strips (5) forming said surface-layer (2, 4) until the wood strips (5) of the surface-layer (2, 4) arch,
that the arching of the wood strips (5) is limited by a stop (6, 7) to prevent breaking out thereof and
that then the archings of wood strips (5) are pressed flat with simultaneous supporting of the compressed side edges of the surface-layer (2, 4).
2. A press for carrying out the method according to claim 1 comprising
a) two press plates (6, 7) parallel to each other and to the plies (2, 3, 4) and
b) a press drive, by means of which the press plates (6, 7) are movable from an end position for removing the solid wood plate (1) and for inserting new plies (2, 3, 4) between the press plates (6, 7) to a pressing position for compressing the plies (2, 3, 4) and are movable back, characterized by the following features :
c) two lateral slides (8) which are parallel to each other and to the wood strips (5) of a surface-layer (2, 4) and adapted to be introduced between the press plates (6, 7),
d) each lateral slide (8) is formed from two jaws (10, 12) which are parallel to each other and each of which is adapted to bear with an engagement face against a respective side edge of a surface-layer (2, 4), the engagement face having at least the same height as said side edge,
e) the two jaws (10, 12) of a respective lateral slide (8) are movable relatively to each other and towards each other,
f) a transverse drive for moving the lateral slides (8) from an end position for removing the solid wood plate (1) and for inserting new plies (2, 3, 4) into a pressing position in which the lateral slides (8) press the two surface-layers (2, 4) together transversely of the grain of the bonded wood strips (5) and of the pressing direction of the press plates (6, 7) with such a force that the wood strips (5) of said surface-layers (2, 4) arch, and
g) the press drive for the press plates (6, 7) is set up for stopping said press plates (6, 7) in a position in which they limit the arching of the wood strips (5) of the surface-layers (2, 4) to a harmless extent (b).
3. A press according to claim 2, characterized in that the two jaws (10', 12') of a respective lateral slide (8) comprise facing, interengaging guides (13) for their relative movement.
4. A press according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the two jaws (10, 12 ; 10', 12') of a respective lateral slide (8) are pivotal with respect to each other about an axis (11) parallel thereto.
EP86116673A 1985-12-02 1986-12-01 Press for the manufacture of wooden panels Expired EP0225577B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86116673T ATE44256T1 (en) 1985-12-02 1986-12-01 PRESS FOR MAKING A SOLID WOOD PANEL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853542543 DE3542543A1 (en) 1985-12-02 1985-12-02 PRESS FOR MAKING A SOLID WOOD PANEL
DE3542543 1985-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225577A1 EP0225577A1 (en) 1987-06-16
EP0225577B1 true EP0225577B1 (en) 1989-06-28

Family

ID=6287380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86116673A Expired EP0225577B1 (en) 1985-12-02 1986-12-01 Press for the manufacture of wooden panels

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0225577B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE44256T1 (en)
DE (3) DE8533874U1 (en)
FI (1) FI80842C (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT385722B (en) * 1986-06-24 1988-05-10 Pfeifer Friedrich CROSS-PRESS LINK
DE4010307C2 (en) * 1990-03-30 1999-02-25 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Process for the production of solid wood panels
DE9107070U1 (en) * 1991-06-08 1991-08-29 Schürmann, Franz, 4650 Gelsenkirchen Device for the production of plate-like objects with a surface coating and a plate edge banding

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1639083A (en) * 1926-11-04 1927-08-16 Central Door And Lumber Compan Panel clamp
DE890568C (en) * 1951-08-28 1953-09-21 Siemens Ag Pressure body for gluing presses
DE1156963B (en) * 1960-03-23 1963-11-07 Ernst Hungerbuehler Hydraulic joint glue press
CA1097193A (en) * 1976-11-09 1981-03-10 Ewan R. Orr Method and apparatus for manufacturing reinforced wood product
CA1164020A (en) * 1980-12-05 1984-03-20 Richard Braceland Jig for assembling table tops

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3542543A1 (en) 1987-06-04
FI80842C (en) 1990-08-10
DE8533874U1 (en) 1986-09-25
ATE44256T1 (en) 1989-07-15
DE3664117D1 (en) 1989-08-03
FI80842B (en) 1990-04-30
FI864894A0 (en) 1986-12-01
FI864894A (en) 1987-06-03
EP0225577A1 (en) 1987-06-16

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