EP0224018B1 - Cartridge feed for repeater-type firearms - Google Patents

Abstract

In a cartridge feeding device for a repeating rifle, a magazine well is provided in the breech casing in front of the rear barrel end underneath the rear end. Toward the rear, a guide housing is arranged behind the magazine well, this housing has an opening at the top in a zone behind a breech head of the rifle and, in a rearward half of this opening, two mutually opposed holding lips, the mutual spacing (a) of the latter being somewhat smaller than the case diameter of the cartridge. A loading plate is pivotably mounted in the guide housing, this plate being pivotable upwardly under spring action. The magazine box exhibits at the top an opening extending over its entire length and, in the region of this opening, two mutually opposed magazine lips. A slide is provided which is connected with the displaceable guide strips of the breech mechanism and extends transversely to the barrel axis (A); this slide is arranged at the level of the uppermost cartridge, and is located, in the locking position of the breech mechanism, in front of the projectile tip of the uppermost cartridge, and contacts, upon a backward movement of the breech mechanism, the projectile tip of the uppermost cartridge, pushing the latter rearwardly out of the magazine box into the guide housing.

Description

The invention relates to a cartridge feed device for a bolt action rifle, with a breech housing, a magazine slot provided in this breech housing in front of the rear barrel end under this rear barrel end for receiving a magazine box having a removal opening in its rear wall, two mounted on the breech housing in the direction of the barrel axis, one Locking device carrying guide strips and a loading spoon pivotable below the range of movement of the locking device about a pivot axis arranged transversely to the barrel axis, which has a bearing surface for the cartridge case and can be pivoted upwards under the action of a spring in the loading position.

In such a known cartridge feed device for a repeating rifle (AT-PS 365 336 or also DE-OS 17 28 124), the magazine is arranged in front of the rear barrel end or the locking head arranged at the rear barrel end, so that the rear barrel end comes to lie as far back as possible and thus the overall length of the bolt action rifle is shortened. This then requires a special cartridge feeder, which pulls a cartridge out of the magazine box when repeating and the cartridge, as soon as the projectile tip is behind the breech head (sleeve head), swings up so that the projectile tip lies in front of the rear opening of the breech head is coming. When the closing device is pushed forward, the cartridge then slides into the cartridge chamber.

However, the known cartridge feeder consists of a large number of mostly movable individual parts. A pull-out part is pivotally connected to the guide strips and has two spring-loaded arms which carry pull-out claws in their front ends. By means of this pull-out part, the pull-out claws of which engage in the pull-out groove of the cartridge case, the cartridge is pulled out of the magazine when the locking device moves backwards and is shifted onto the loading spoon. The movement of the bucket is controlled by several links. The extractor must still hold the cartridge cases while the bucket is swinging up. However, since this holding only takes place on the pull-out groove provided on the sleeve base, the holding effect is poor. Therefore, there are often problems with the charging process. Problems with the loading process, which can also damage the sensitive bullet tip, continue to occur because cartridges can have different lengths. Since the cartridge is gripped by the puller claws on the puller groove, the bottom of the cartridge always comes to lie in the same place during the loading process. As a result, the projectile tip has a different distance depending on the total length of the cartridge before it is inserted into the opening of the breech head. Since the cartridge axis is inclined at an angle to the barrel axis when it is inserted into the breech head, malfunctions can occur when the bullet tip is inserted into the breech head. The sensitive puller claws are another source of interference. In addition, several movable parts are necessary to control the pivoting movement of the loading spoon, because of the large number of individual parts, the known cartridge feeder is expensive to manufacture and assemble, and is also prone to failure. Another disadvantage is that only one row of cartridges can be arranged one above the other in the magazine box, since the extractor part can only grip a cartridge at the same place.

There are also repeating rifles in which the magazine slot is arranged behind the locking head. However, this results in a larger overall length of the weapon. With such repeating rifles (e.g. Mauser M98 rifle) magazine boxes can be used, in which the cartridges are held in two rows next to each other in a zigzag arrangement. This has the advantage that the magazine box can accommodate twice the number of cartridges with the same overall height compared to a magazine box with only one row of cartridges.

The invention has for its object to improve the cartridge feeder for a repeating rifle of the type mentioned in that it has fewer moving parts and is therefore cheaper to manufacture and assemble, that it works largely trouble-free and also possibly in magazine boxes in which the cartridges are added in two rows in a zigzag arrangement, is applicable.

This is achieved according to the invention in that a guide housing connects to the magazine shaft to the rear, which in the area behind the breech head has an opening extending over a cartridge length at the top and in the rear half of it two opposing retaining lips in the manner of magazine lips, the mutual distance is slightly smaller than the sleeve diameter, that the loading spoon is pivotally mounted in the guide housing about the swivel axis provided at its front end, which is arranged near the magazine shaft, that the magazine box has an opening on its top that extends over its entire length and has two opposite magazine lips in the area of this opening, that in the upper area of the magazine shaft a slider connected to the guide strips and extending transversely to the barrel axis is provided, which is arranged at the level of the uppermost cartridge located in the magazine box, si ch is in the closed position of the closure device in front of the bullet tip of the top cartridge and comes to rest when the closure device moves back on the bullet tip of the top cartridge and pushes it back out of the magazine box into the guide housing.

With the new cartridge feeder, the number of moving parts became significant decreased. In practice, only the swiveling loading spoon is intended as a moving part, because the slide itself is firmly connected to the guide rails. Due to the substantial reduction in the number of moving parts, the structure is simpler, the production is cheaper and, in particular, the new cartridge feeder is less prone to failure. This is also due to the fact that there are no moveable extractor claws. Since the cartridge in the new cartridge feeder is no longer pulled out of the magazine but pushed, it does not need to be coupled with an extractor. Pushing out has the further advantage that the position of the projectile tip in front of the circuit head is always the same. This position is determined by the slider acting on the top of the floor. In addition, the cartridge case is supported and guided over a longer length by the retaining lips before insertion and also when it is inserted into the breech head. This improved support and guidance prevents malfunctions during the loading process and damage to the projectile tip and the sleeve. Another important advantage of the new cartridge feed device is that it can also be used for magazine boxes with two rows of cartridges in a zigzag arrangement. Without increasing the magazine height, it is therefore possible to double the capacity of the magazine without the magazine protruding downwards over the shaft, which was previously not possible with repeating rifles in which the magazine was arranged in front of the rear barrel.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

• Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt der Patronenzufuhrvorrichtung in Schließstellung der Verschlußeinrichtung,
• Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie 11-11 der Figur 1,
• Figur 3 einen Längschnitt bei geöffneter Verschlußeinrichtung,
• Figur 4 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 1,
• Figur 5 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie V-V der Fig. 3.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the cartridge feed device in the closed position of the closure device,
• FIG. 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section with the closure device open,
• 4 shows a cross section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 1,
• 5 shows a cross section along the line VV of FIG. 3rd

The breech housing 1 is connected in a known manner to the shaft of the repeating rifle, not shown. The barrel 2 is connected to the breech housing 1, which can be done, for example, in the manner described in more detail in DE-GM 85 17 904. The barrel 2 carries the locking head 3 at its rear end. Of the locking device which is connected to the two guide strips 4, only the chamber 5 with the locking projections 6 is shown. The guide strips 4 of the closure device, which is designed as a so-called “short closure”, are displaceably guided in the closure housing 1 in the direction of the running axis A. The breech housing 1 has a magazine slot 7 into which a magazine box 8 can be inserted from below. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the magazine box 8 is flush with the underside of the closure housing 1. However, it can also protrude over the underside 1 if it is to accommodate a larger number of cartridges.

A guide housing 9 connects to the magazine shaft 7 at the rear. This guide housing 9 has an opening 10 in the area behind the closure head 3 at the top, which extends over a cartridge length. In the rear half of this opening 10, two retaining lips 11 are provided, which are designed similarly to magazine lips. The holding lips 11 are arranged opposite one another. As can be seen from Figure 2, the distance a of the upper mutually facing edges 11 a of the retaining lips increases towards the front. The mutual distance a of the retaining lip edges 11a is smaller than the sleeve diameter D. In the front half, the opening 10 is delimited by the longitudinal edges 12a of the inwardly curved side walls 12 of the housing. The opening 10 has a width b in its front half which is smaller than the sleeve diameter D, but larger than the diameter d of the projectile 13b or the sleeve mouth. The width b of the front part of the opening 10 must be such that when a cartridge 13 is pushed backwards, its sleeve 13a cannot pass upwards and is thus guided, and that when the cartridge 13 is completely pushed back, the projectile 13b can pass upwards between the longitudinal edges 12a, as can be seen from the dash-dotted lines in Figure 2.

In the guide housing 9, the loading spoon 14 is pivotally mounted at its front end 14a about a pivot axis 15 arranged transversely to the running axis A. The pivot axis 15 is arranged in the vicinity of the magazine shaft 7. The loading spoon 14 carries at its rear end 14b a concave bearing surface 14c for the cartridge case 13a. A spring 16 also acts on the loading spoon 14, which pushes it upwards in the direction of the opening 10. Subsequent to its front end 14a, the loading spoon 14 also has a guide surface 14d.

The magazine box 8 has an opening 17 at the top, which extends over the entire length of the magazine box. In the area of this opening 17, two magazine lips 18 are arranged in the rear half of the magazine box. In the rear wall 19 of the magazine box, a removal opening 20 is provided in the upper region thereof. The front wall 21 also has a passage opening 22 in the upper region for the slide 23, which is described in more detail below.

The cartridges 13 are preferably arranged in a double row in the magazine box 8 in a zigzag arrangement. For this purpose, the magazine box 8 has a clear width W, which is slightly smaller than twice the sleeve diameter D. In the magazine box, a magazine bottom 24 is also provided in a known manner, which is pressed upwards by the magazine spring 25. On one of the magazine lips 18 the top cartridge 13 is supported. Although the opening between the magazine lips 18 also has a width that is larger than the sleeve diameter, the cartridges cannot automatically emerge from the magazine box 8, since the top cartridge, in addition to the magazine lip 18, also on the adjacent cartridge and the cartridge below is supported.

However, after the magazine box 8 has been removed from the magazine shaft 7, the cartridges can be individually pushed into the magazine box 8 from above or removed therefrom.

If, as is the case in the exemplary embodiment shown, a magazine box 8 with a double-row arrangement of the cartridges 13 is used, then the guide housing 9 has a clear width at the front which corresponds to that of the magazine box. The guide housing 9 tapers towards the rear to a clear width which is only slightly larger than the sleeve diameter D, as can also be seen from FIGS. 2 and 5. In a magazine in which the cartridges are arranged one above the other in a row, the guide housing 9 can have a constant internal width which is somewhat larger than the sleeve diameter.

The slider 23 is arranged on the underside of a bridge 26, the ends of which are firmly connected to one of the guide strips 4. The slide 23 extends transversely to the barrel axis A and is arranged at the level of the uppermost cartridge 13 arranged in the magazine box 8. It expediently has a support strip 23b on its push surface 23a facing the storey 13b. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the slide 23 is somewhat narrower than the inside width of the magazine box 8. In the region of the magazine lips 18, the slide 23 is also provided with cutouts 23c. The slide 23 also extends forward from the push surface 23a approximately by the length of the magazine box 8 and is provided in this area with a longitudinal slot 27 through which the hook 28 of the barrel holder passes. At the front, the slider 23 carries a buffer 29 made of elastic material. This buffer 29 forms a stop which limits the return movement of the slide 23.

The operation of the cartridge feeder is as follows:

If the closure device is closed, the parts assume the position shown in FIG. 1. When opening the closure device after actuation of the chamber stem, not shown, the closure device can be pulled backwards. Since it is firmly connected to the guide strips 4, they also move towards the rear relative to the closure housing 1. The push surface 23a of the slide 23 rests against the projectile tip 13c of the uppermost cartridge and pushes it out of the magazine box 8 to the rear. Here, the slide 23 moves through the upper region of the magazine box and pushes the uppermost cartridge 13 into the guide housing 9. The loading spoon is pressed downward against the force of the spring 16 by the cartridge sleeve 13a of the uppermost cartridge. The guide surface 14 is then approximately parallel to the barrel axis A and forms a lower guide for the cartridge case. The cartridge case is guided laterally through the side walls 12 of the guide housing 9. At the top, it cannot initially emerge from the guide housing 9, since in the front region of the opening 10 the longitudinal edges 12a have a distance b which is smaller than the sleeve diameter D. The guide housing 9, which tapers towards the rear, means that the cartridge 13 becomes the middle between the guide strips 4 moves out. While the uppermost cartridge is being pushed out of the magazine box, the magazine spring 25 pushes the remaining cartridges upwards, the cartridge case 13a of the now topmost cartridge resting against the underside 23e of the slide. The buffer 29 finally comes to rest on parts of the barrel holder and thus limits the displacement movement of the slide 23 to the rear. In this position, the push surface 23a is located somewhat behind the locking head 3, as shown in FIG. Now that only the projectile 13b and the sleeve mouth are in the front half of the opening 10, while the sleeve 13a is in the rear half of the opening 10, the loading spoon 14 can lift the cartridge under the action of the spring 16. The projectile 13b and the sleeve mouth pass between the longitudinal edges 12a. The loading spoon 14 presses the cartridge case 13a upwards against the holding lips 11. Since their mutually facing edges 11a have a greater distance a at the front than at the rear, the cartridge case 13a assumes the position shown in FIG. 3, in which it slopes obliquely with respect to the barrel axis A. is inclined at the front and the projectile tip 13c lies approximately on the barrel axis A. The support strip 23a provided on the slide 23 has the task of supporting the projectile tip 13c so that the front end of the cartridge does not tip down when the cartridge case 13a has left the magazine box. The elastic buffer 29 is intended to achieve a soft stop on the one hand and, in addition, the slider 23, after it has reached its rearmost position, is moved slightly forward again by expanding the elastic buffer 29, so that the projectile tip 13c is no longer on the thrust surface 23a is present. When the cartridge is in the loading position shown in FIG. 3, the closure device can be pushed forward again, the chamber 5 coming to rest on the sleeve base 13d and pushing the cartridge forward into the sleeve head 3 and finally onto the cartridge chamber 2a. Due to the relatively long holding lips 11, the cartridge 13 is always precisely aligned in the loading position and also guided securely during insertion into the closure head 3.

When the slide 23 is in its rear end position, it engages under the magazine lips 18 so that the magazine box cannot be removed. As soon as the last cartridge has been fired, it can no longer be repeated, because the slide 23 would then hit the magazine base 24 which was pushed upwards, and a displacement to the rear would thus be prevented.

Claims (9)

1. Cartridge feed for a repeating type rifle, with a breech block housing (1), a magazine compartment (7) in this breech block housing for receiving a magazine case (8) having, in its rear wall (19) a removal opening (20), the magazine compartment being provided in front of the rear end of the barrel below this rear end of the barrel, two guide bars (4) supporting a breech block arrangement secured for displacement on the breech block housing (1) in the direction of the axis (A) of the barrel, and a loading plate (14), which has a support surface for the cartridge casing (13a) and is highly pivotable under the action of a spring (16) into the loading position, being pivotable below the region of movement of the breech block arrangement about a pivot axis (15) disposed transverse to the axis (A) of the barrel, characterised in that a guide housing (9) which has, in the region behind the mushroom head (3), on the upper side, an opening (10) extending over one cartridge length and in whose rear half has two holding lips (11) of magazine lip type lying opposite one another, the mutual separation (a) of the lips being somewhat smaller than the casing diameter (D), links up to the magazine compartment (7) behind the rear thereof, in that the loading plate (14) is secured in the guide housing (9) pivotably about the pivot axis (15) provided at its forward end and arranged in the neighbourhood of the magazine compartment (7), in that the magazine case (8) has, on its upper side, an opening (17) extending over its entire length and, in the region of this opening, two magazine lips (18) opposite one another, in that in the upper region of the magazine compartment (7) there is provided a slide member (23) extending transverse to the barrel axis (A) and connected with guide bars (4), which slide member is arranged at the height of the uppermost cartridge (13) located in the magazine case (8), is located in the closed position of the breech block arrangement in front of the nose of the shell (13c) of the uppermost cartridge (13) and, on moving back of the breech block arrangement, comes to be adjacent the shell nose (13c) of the uppermost cartridge (13) and pushes this backwards out of the magazine case (8) into the guide housing (9).

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the separation (a) of the upper edges (11 a) of the holding lips (11) which are directed to one another increases forwardly so that the cartridge casing (13a) pushed onto the holding lips (11) by means of the loading plate (14) is forwardly inclined upwardly with respect to the axis (A) of the barrel and the nose (13c) of the shell lies approximately on the axis (A) of the barrel.

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the upper opening (10) of the guide housing (9) has, in its front half, a width (b) which is less than the casing diameter (D) but greater than the shell diameter (d).

4. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the magazine case (8) has a clear width (W) for a zig-zag arrangement of cartridges, which width is somewhat less than double the casing diameter (D), in that the guide housing (9) has at the front a clear width which corresponds to that of the magazine case (8) and in that the guide housing (9) narrows to the rear to a clear width which is slightly larger than the casing diameter (D).

5. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the slide member (23) has on its slide surface (23a) facing the shell (13b) a support bar (23b) engaging from below the nose (13c) of the shell.

6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the slide member (23) is arranged on the underside of a bridge (26) connecting the two guide bars (4) and has recesses (23c) for the magazine lips (18).

7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the slide member (23) extends forwardly from its slide surface (23a) facing the nose (13c) of the shell approximately the length of the magazine case (8).

8. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the movement back of the slide (23) is limited by a stop member (29).

9. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterised in that the stop member is formed by a buffer (29) of elastic material.

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