EP0221262A1 - Dalles céramiques de grande taille avec attaches au revers de la face - Google Patents

Dalles céramiques de grande taille avec attaches au revers de la face Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0221262A1
EP0221262A1 EP86111135A EP86111135A EP0221262A1 EP 0221262 A1 EP0221262 A1 EP 0221262A1 EP 86111135 A EP86111135 A EP 86111135A EP 86111135 A EP86111135 A EP 86111135A EP 0221262 A1 EP0221262 A1 EP 0221262A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
plate according
ceramic
elements
glaze
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86111135A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0221262B1 (fr
Inventor
Gottfried Dr. Cremer
Martin Dipl.-Ing. Bard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGROB-BUCHTAL GMBH
Original Assignee
Buchtal GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buchtal GmbH filed Critical Buchtal GmbH
Priority to AT86111135T priority Critical patent/ATE38375T1/de
Publication of EP0221262A1 publication Critical patent/EP0221262A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0221262B1 publication Critical patent/EP0221262B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/526—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits with adaptations not otherwise provided for, for connecting, transport; for making impervious or hermetic, e.g. sealings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large-format ceramic plate with holding elements provided on its side facing away from the visible side.
  • a format of a maximum of 0.1 square meters, e.g. 30 x 30 cm, is permitted.
  • edge support allows only relatively small format sizes, e.g. 60 x 60 cm, since the load can only be transferred via the structurally unfavorable fastening points on the edge, i.e. there are very high voltage peaks in the case of a point-by-point load entry that occurs with the clamp bracket.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a plate, the mounting elements of which ensure that the requirements for a statically stable fastening of the plate are met, regardless of how the plate has to be oriented in space due to the structural conditions.
  • the mounting problem can be solved very easily with such a plate.
  • Such cracks are particularly dangerous in the case of external cladding exposed to the weather because rain that penetrates into the cracks can impair the connection or can even be blown up in the event of frost.
  • the mounting element can be fired ceramic elements which, as such, serve to fasten the plate directly or to accommodate a metal fastener. In the latter case, you are completely free to choose the material for the fasteners.
  • a glaze which has a melting point below the quartz transformation point (573 ° C.)
  • the fired ceramic plate with the corresponding fired holding elements having been heated again to a temperature below the quartz transformation point
  • the principle of the invention can be used can also be used on plates with surface glaze, since this does not suffer when the plate provided with the holding elements is fired again because its melting point is not reached.
  • a flat, breakthrough element that can be connected to a power source and is made of a metallic material with a high specific electrical resistance , whose melting point is far above the melting point of the ceramic glaze and whose coefficient of thermal expansion is approximately equal to that of the ceramic glaze.
  • a flat element should be understood to mean both a film-like element, but also a network or a meander, provided that there are sufficient openings which can be penetrated by the glaze.
  • the mounting elements can be provided with recesses or bores for receiving metallic fasteners, which makes it possible to attach them plate according to the invention on a framework or the like.
  • these metallic fasteners are used in the after-firing to connect the ceramic mounting elements and the ceramic plate with the help of the ceramic glaze through the furnace, where they can not be affected because this after-firing temperature is comparatively low.
  • a central load transfer is reliably achieved due to the positive connection between the ceramic mounting element and the metallic fastening means.
  • the afterburning can also take place without such metallic fastening means if the recess or bore is designed in such a way that a subsequent insertion of metallic fastening means into the holding elements is possible.
  • Such fastening means can then be, for example, expansion dowels, insertion pins, spacers or the like.
  • the invention can also be implemented in such a way that the mounting element itself forms the fastening means and as such can be connected to a power source. It then consists of a metallic material with a high specific electrical resistance, the melting point of which is far above the melting point of the ceramic glaze and whose coefficient of thermal expansion is approximately equal to that of the ceramic glaze.
  • the plate is slightly lowered at the attachment points of the mounting elements in the area corresponding to the layout of these elements, for example by grinding. This achieves an additional locking of the ceramic mounting elements in the direction of the plate level the production of the ceramic plate according to the invention.
  • the holding elements can have a depression on the surface coming into contact with this plate side.
  • An annular web-like residual surface then remains, which preferably does not sit on the plate, but is at a minimal distance from it.
  • This gap is sealed by an aging-resistant adhesive made of a material that is resistant to atmospheric influences and seals after the connection fire.
  • the invention thus creates a plate which can be fastened directly to walls, ceilings, mounting frames or the like and in which the attachment points can be freely selected from a static point of view.
  • the plate and mounting elements and possibly also the fastening means consist of the same material; a homogeneous part is created.
  • both the holding element or the fastening means and the ceramic plate and also the glaze applied on the visible side of the ceramic plate remain completely unchanged .
  • the mounting elements or fasteners are not located on the edge, but in the parts on the side of the plate facing away from the visible side, which provide the best structural options for fastening.
  • the Edge areas remain completely unaffected by the holder, so that the disadvantages associated with edge attachment are avoided in principle. From a static point of view, this enables the transition from a two-point bearing, as is the case with the edge fastening, to a multi-point bearing.
  • the size and shape of the base surface of the ceramic mounting element or of the fastening means can be chosen so that the stress peaks occurring in the bearing points do not exceed the stresses in the field center area, ie in the middle of the field delimited by the fastening points.
  • the coating also cover the area of the holding elements and to cover them, because in the event of an acid attack caused by atmospheric conditions, the durability of the ceramic connection can be called into question.
  • This shatterproof coating preferably consists of a mineral, preferably glass fiber fabric or nonwoven, which is impregnated with an epoxy resin.
  • the mounting elements are expedient not to design the mounting elements as a sharp-edged cuboid or cylinder, but rather in a dome shape in a further embodiment of the invention.
  • the side of the plate facing away from the visible side, at least covering the area of the mounting elements, with a air and water impermeable coating e.g. is provided with a silicone coating or the part of the holding element which serves to hold the metallic fastening means is filled with a sealing, water-repellent, infusible hardening material after the fire which serves to connect the holding element, fastening means and plate.
  • Another solution to this problem is to ensure that acid rain or moisture can immediately drain from the area of the ceramic bond. This is preferably done with the help of channel-like recesses which extend from the edge of the holding element in the part which is intended to receive the metallic fastening means in at least one direction, preferably in four mutually perpendicular directions.
  • the drawing shows four exemplary embodiments in four figures.
  • Fig. 1 denotes the ceramic plate, which on its side facing away from the visible side at 2 has a circular depression, for example in plan, in which the binder in the form of a ceramic glaze 3 is applied.
  • the ceramic mounting element 4 which in the exemplary embodiment shown has, for example, a through-hole 5, into which a metallic fastening means, here in the form of a screw 6, has been inserted before the mounting of the ceramic mounting element 4, with the aid of which the ceramic plate is attached a substructure not shown can be attached. It can be seen particularly clearly from the drawing that the ceramic plate 1 is also suspended from a ceiling can be.
  • connection of the plate with its support eg a substructure
  • the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • a flat structure is indicated on average, for example in the form of a meander made of a metallic material with high electrical resistance, which is embedded in the glaze 3 and is supplied with electrical current via the connections 8 and 9 and thus beyond the melting temperature of the glaze can be heated.
  • 13 and 14 mean channels, grooves or other recesses which connect the space around the head 15 of the metallic fastening means 6 to the area outside the ceramic mounting element 4, so that moisture which has penetrated can flow off again undisturbed.
  • Four channels or the like which are perpendicular to one another are preferably provided.
  • the ceramic plate is a circular depression, for example in plan, and 3 is the ceramic glaze.
  • the ceramic mounting element is omitted here.
  • the fastening means which is designated here by 10
  • the fastening means 10 has a widening 11 which fits into the depression 2.
  • the fastening means 10 consists of a material having a high specific electrical resistance and can be connected to a power source in a manner not shown and can thus be heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the glaze.
  • Fig. 4 shows a slightly modified embodiment, similar to that of Fig. 1.
  • this variant is also possible in the embodiments of Figs. 2 and 3 with appropriate adjustment.
  • the reference number 1 in turn indicates the ceramic plate, the In this case, the surface 22 facing away from the visible side 21 is flat, ie has no lowering.
  • a ceramic mounting element 24 is placed on this surface 22, the essential shape of which corresponds, for example, to the mounting element 4 according to FIG. 1.
  • the holding element 24 has a depression 25 which is surrounded by a web-shaped edge 26.
  • a fastening means in the form of a screw 6 is inserted in the central bore 5, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the space gained through the recess 25 is filled with ceramic glaze as a binder.
  • the connection of the support element 24 and plate 1 by this binder takes place in the manner described above by a second fire.
  • the remaining surface surrounding the recess 25, ie the web-shaped edge 26 is at a small distance from the surface 22 of the plate 1, so that a gap 27 remains.
  • the web-shaped edge 26 is connected to the surface 22 of the plate by means of an age-resistant adhesive made of an atmospheric-resistant and sealing material, which is introduced after the second, the connection of plate 1 and support member 24 serving fire and so the the glaze located in the recess 25 provides a particularly good protection against atmospheric influences.
  • the glaze 3 preferably has a melting point below the quartz transformation point, the fired ceramic plate with the corresponding holding elements having been heated again to a temperature below the quartz transformation point.
  • the proposed ceramic connection can under certain circumstances atmospheric acid attack does not have the necessary durability, therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, it is expedient on the side of the plate facing away from the visible side at least in the region of the holding elements 4 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 or 11 according to FIG. 3 with covering, a break-proof coating 12 is provided.
  • This break-resistant coating consists of a mineral, preferably glass fiber fabric or fleece, which is impregnated with an epoxy resin. This not only increases the panel's resistance to breakage, but in particular also protects the entire composite body against atmospheric influences.
  • break-proof coating is replaced by a coating made of an air- and water-impermeable and / or water-repellent material, then the structure of the construction does not change, so that an additional figure is not shown here.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a mounting element 4, which makes the application of such a break-resistant coating particularly easy.
  • the dome-shaped or dome-shaped design of the holding element 4 can be seen.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP86111135A 1985-08-14 1986-08-12 Dalles céramiques de grande taille avec attaches au revers de la face Expired EP0221262B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86111135T ATE38375T1 (de) 1985-08-14 1986-08-12 Grossformatige keramische platte mit auf ihrer der sichtseite abgewendeten seite vorgesehenen halterungselementen.

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3529235 1985-08-14
DE3529235 1985-08-14
DE3543088 1985-12-05
DE3543088 1985-12-05
DE3544473 1985-12-16
DE3544473 1985-12-16
DE3607407 1986-03-06
DE3607407 1986-03-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0221262A1 true EP0221262A1 (fr) 1987-05-13
EP0221262B1 EP0221262B1 (fr) 1988-11-02

Family

ID=27433409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86111135A Expired EP0221262B1 (fr) 1985-08-14 1986-08-12 Dalles céramiques de grande taille avec attaches au revers de la face

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0221262B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1280005C (fr)
DE (1) DE3661067D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK164232C (fr)
ES (1) ES2001649A6 (fr)
FI (1) FI81081C (fr)
NO (1) NO175108C (fr)
PT (1) PT83203B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0314120A2 (fr) * 1987-10-30 1989-05-03 Metallbau Koller GmbH i.K. Construction de façade pour constructions élevées
EP0328030A2 (fr) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elément en pierre naturelle pour la couverture des façades de bâtiments
EP0340410A1 (fr) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-08 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Plaque de pierre naturelle avec des éléments de fixation sur sa partie non visible
EP0578230A1 (fr) * 1992-07-10 1994-01-12 BUCHTAL GmbH Dalle céramique de grand format pour recevoir des moyens de fixation métalliques
WO1995019941A1 (fr) * 1994-01-24 1995-07-27 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Pieces resistantes a l'usure et a la corrosion s'utilisant dans le transport de liquides et/ou solides
CN1059019C (zh) * 1997-12-05 2000-11-29 王振忠 摆动叶片泵
WO2003069091A1 (fr) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 System S.P.A Procede et appareil d'ancrage de carreaux de ceramique sur les parois externes de batiments

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT150373B (de) * 1934-06-18 1937-08-10 Kerb Konus G M B H Verfahren zur Verbindung metallischer Körper mit Körpern aus nichtleitendem Stoff, z. B. keramischen Körpern, mit Hilfe von Elektroden.
US2241505A (en) * 1936-08-21 1941-05-13 Moses J Cuttler Manufacture of metal to porcelain seals
DE905950C (de) * 1941-09-16 1954-03-08 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Verfahren zum festen Verbinden keramischer oder aus einem sonstigen anorganischen Isolierstoff bestehender Koerper miteinander oder mit metallischen Koerpern
GB1274932A (en) * 1969-01-16 1972-05-17 Thorn Lighting Ltd Methods and compositions for sealing together pieces of ceramic material
EP0142673A1 (fr) * 1983-09-30 1985-05-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Corps céramique composite et sa fabrication

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT150373B (de) * 1934-06-18 1937-08-10 Kerb Konus G M B H Verfahren zur Verbindung metallischer Körper mit Körpern aus nichtleitendem Stoff, z. B. keramischen Körpern, mit Hilfe von Elektroden.
US2241505A (en) * 1936-08-21 1941-05-13 Moses J Cuttler Manufacture of metal to porcelain seals
DE905950C (de) * 1941-09-16 1954-03-08 Porzellanfabrik Kahla Verfahren zum festen Verbinden keramischer oder aus einem sonstigen anorganischen Isolierstoff bestehender Koerper miteinander oder mit metallischen Koerpern
GB1274932A (en) * 1969-01-16 1972-05-17 Thorn Lighting Ltd Methods and compositions for sealing together pieces of ceramic material
EP0142673A1 (fr) * 1983-09-30 1985-05-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Corps céramique composite et sa fabrication

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0314120A2 (fr) * 1987-10-30 1989-05-03 Metallbau Koller GmbH i.K. Construction de façade pour constructions élevées
EP0314120A3 (en) * 1987-10-30 1989-07-26 Metallbau Koller Ag Facade construction for rising structures
EP0328030A2 (fr) * 1988-02-08 1989-08-16 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Elément en pierre naturelle pour la couverture des façades de bâtiments
EP0328030A3 (en) * 1988-02-08 1989-12-20 Buchtal Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Natural stone element to cover building facades
EP0340410A1 (fr) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-08 Buchtal Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Plaque de pierre naturelle avec des éléments de fixation sur sa partie non visible
EP0578230A1 (fr) * 1992-07-10 1994-01-12 BUCHTAL GmbH Dalle céramique de grand format pour recevoir des moyens de fixation métalliques
WO1995019941A1 (fr) * 1994-01-24 1995-07-27 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Pieces resistantes a l'usure et a la corrosion s'utilisant dans le transport de liquides et/ou solides
CN1059019C (zh) * 1997-12-05 2000-11-29 王振忠 摆动叶片泵
WO2003069091A1 (fr) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 System S.P.A Procede et appareil d'ancrage de carreaux de ceramique sur les parois externes de batiments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1280005C (fr) 1991-02-12
PT83203A (de) 1986-09-01
FI81081C (fi) 1990-09-10
EP0221262B1 (fr) 1988-11-02
DK164232C (da) 1992-10-26
NO175108C (no) 1994-08-31
NO175108B (no) 1994-05-24
NO863270L (no) 1987-02-16
DE3661067D1 (en) 1988-12-08
DK386486D0 (da) 1986-08-13
DK164232B (da) 1992-05-25
PT83203B (pt) 1992-10-30
FI81081B (fi) 1990-05-31
FI863297A0 (fi) 1986-08-14
DK386486A (da) 1987-02-15
FI863297A (fi) 1987-02-15
ES2001649A6 (es) 1988-06-01
NO863270D0 (no) 1986-08-13

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