EP0217813B1 - Machine a piston rotatif avec vitesses de rotation variables periodiquement - Google Patents

Machine a piston rotatif avec vitesses de rotation variables periodiquement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217813B1
EP0217813B1 EP86901323A EP86901323A EP0217813B1 EP 0217813 B1 EP0217813 B1 EP 0217813B1 EP 86901323 A EP86901323 A EP 86901323A EP 86901323 A EP86901323 A EP 86901323A EP 0217813 B1 EP0217813 B1 EP 0217813B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
segment
chamber
section
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86901323A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0217813A1 (fr
Inventor
Arthur SCHÖNHOLZER
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/063—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them
    • F01C1/077—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them having toothed-gearing type drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/02—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F01C1/063—Rotary-piston machines or engines of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents with coaxially-mounted members having continuously-changing circumferential spacing between them
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B2053/005—Wankel engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for driving an output shaft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Otto engines are generally known. There, a crankshaft or camshaft is driven by several pistons, the piston movement of which is radial to the shaft axis. It has turned out to be disadvantageous here that several pistons have to be provided in order to achieve a certain output of the engine, each piston having its own cylinder, its own inlets and outlets and also its own ignition system. Secondly, the transmission of force in the radial direction to a camshaft is always in need of improvement.
  • the Otto engines are designed as reciprocating piston engines or rotary piston engines and work in four-stroke or two-stroke processes. The four-stroke process includes suction, compression, ignition and combustion, as well as pushing out.
  • the rotary piston engine is known, the piston of which executes a continuously circular movement.
  • the Wankel motor should be mentioned here, in which a rotary piston, which is eccentrically mounted in a trochoidal housing and which has the shape of an equilateral triangle, rotates by rotating about a center which itself simultaneously performs a rotary movement.
  • the four-stroke process takes place in the working spaces between the rotary piston and the housing wall, increases and decreases in size and with the help of inlet and outlet slots in the housing wall, which are controlled by the rotary piston, carry out the charge exchange, i.e. suck in, compress, expand and push out.
  • EP-0 062 087 A1 discloses a rotary piston engine according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the first piston part is connected to a hollow shaft and the second piston part is connected to the output shaft guided inside the hollow shaft.
  • Hollow shaft and output shaft are non-positively connected by a gear made of elliptical gears.
  • a gear made of elliptical gears are non-positively connected by a gear made of elliptical gears.
  • such a transmission is not an ideal solution in more ways than one, in particular the manufacture and precise adjustment of the transmission is much more problematic than when circular gears are used.
  • a combination of several axially successive piston units is not readily possible.
  • a rotary piston engine is also known (FR-A-2 138 581), in which two pairs of pistons are connected to a pair of planet gears, which are mounted diametrically opposite one another on a yoke coupled to the output shaft.
  • This solution is u. a. due to the continuous output axis extremely complicated and structurally complex.
  • the inventor has set itself the goal of developing a new drive unit that works with a small number of components and yet has a very high efficiency, is light and compact, and does not require a camshaft or crankshaft.
  • the surface friction for the piston is also to be reduced, while the work cycles are multiplied.
  • the piston parts should preferably be shaped such that they have at least one cylinder section and one segment section in succession. Of course, this arrangement can also be multiplied. Each cylinder or segment section is then a cylinder or. Assigned segment section of the other piston part. This creates a piston that has a prism-like appearance.
  • each piston part should be connected to a planet gear, which in turn forms a non-positive connection with a sun gear, which is coupled to the rotor.
  • a planet gear which in turn forms a non-positive connection with a sun gear, which is coupled to the rotor.
  • the construction parts are very simple, in the majority cylindrical.
  • the engine runs like a turbine and has low vibrations, the piston speed is relatively low and there are no sealing problems. Overall, the engine is expected to have a long service life and economy.
  • the engine will also find its way into the area of high-performance engines, such as racing and aircraft engines. Diesel engines designed in this way are also conceivable.
  • piston parts 1 and 2 of a drive unit R are enclosed by a cylindrical housing part 3, here only schematically, but shown in more detail in FIGS.
  • This housing part 3 is closed on the one hand by an end plate 4 by means of fastening elements 5, which has a round bore 6 in the center for receiving a bearing 7.
  • an axial pin 8 of a disk 9 rotates, which is firmly connected to the one piston part 2 by means of screws 10.
  • Zen other piston part 1 does not touch the disc 9; here only a stop pin 11 passes through an elongated hole 12 to allow axial movement of piston part 1 relative to piston part 2.
  • the piston part 1 is firmly connected to a turntable 14, which, however, does not touch the piston part 2.
  • the connection between the turntable 14 and the piston part 1 is effected via a toggle lever element 15, on the other end of which a gear 16 is fitted eccentrically.
  • the piston part 2 is also connected eccentrically to a toothed wheel 18 via a toggle lever element 17, a recess 19 in the turntable 14 allowing the toggle lever element 17 to move freely.
  • Both gears 16 and 18 are in engagement with an internal toothing 38 of a ring 39 which is fixedly connected to the housing part 3 and at the same time rotate around a sun gear 20 which is connected to an output shaft 21, so that ultimately this output shaft 21 is connected to the one consisting of the two gear wheels 16, 18 planetary set formed a frictional connection.
  • This frictional engagement of the internal toothing 38 with the toothed wheels 16, 18 and the sun gear 20 inevitably and in the control sense controls the four cycles of suction, compression, ignition, ejection during a rotation of 360 °. Accordingly, the relationship of these parts to each other is of great constructive importance.
  • the output shaft 21 rotates axially in a bearing 22 in the turntable 14.
  • Further bearings 23 and 24 for the rotor 21 and gear axles 25 are provided in a turntable 26, which is arranged in a main bearing 27, which the turntable 26 is opposite to a further housing shell 28 supports.
  • This housing shell 28 is screwed on the one hand to the housing part 3, on the other hand covered by an end plate 30 which contains a further pivot bearing 29 for the output shaft 21.
  • the end plate 30 passes through a crank 31 in further bearings 32 and 33, which meshes a drive disk 35 with a gear 34.
  • each piston part 1 and 2 consists of a cylinder section 40 with a segment cutout 41 and an attached or molded segment section 42.
  • An angle w of the segment cutout 41 is greater than an angle v of the segment section 42 around the common one Piston axis A.
  • the ratio of the angles w and v to one another determines the power of the drive, since a finished piston consists of two piston parts 1 and 2 arranged in mirror image and thus four combustion chambers 43 are formed, only two of which are indicated in FIG. The greater the difference between the two angles w and v, the greater is the combustion chamber 43 or the opening angle z.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modification of a piston, in which a groove 44 is formed in the cylinder section 40 at the base of the segment cutout 41, in which the segment section 42 rests with a beaded piping 45.
  • the beaded piping 45 is formed with an apex groove 46 which forms a sealing strip (not shown) can record, the functions of which resemble a known piston ring.
  • FIG. 6 now shows the mode of operation of the piston of a four-cylinder rotor, only the interaction of a cylinder section 40 with a segment section 42 being shown. All in all, each element described below is present twice for the entire piston. With a rotation through 360 °, two work cycles (compression and explosion cycles) are provided for each combustion chamber, the ignition system being indicated at 48.
  • the spark plugs are also within the scope of the invention on an inner surface in the segment ment cutout 41, that is to say to be arranged in the combustion chamber 43, as a result of which the combustion is improved, but at the expense of good access to the spark plugs.
  • outlets 49 and inlets 50 are provided opposite each other.
  • the first position according to FIG. 6 shows that fuel is drawn into one combustion chamber 43a, while the other 43b is just being ignited.
  • the chamber 43b is opened, while the chamber 43a is compressed, while the piston rotation movement about the axis A is accelerated.
  • Both chambers are in the 2nd position.
  • the fuel gases can be removed from the chamber 43b into the outlet 49, at the same time the ignition takes place in the chamber 43a.
  • the gases from this ignition are again removed from chamber 43a through the subsequent outlet, with new fuel being drawn into chamber 43b, as shown in the 111th position.
  • chamber 43b is reignited as chamber 43a passes outlet 50.
  • the chamber 43a is ignited while the chamber 43b passes the outlet 49.
  • chamber 43a is at outlet 49 when chamber 43b draws in again.
  • the next position is again the l. Position. This completes a rotation through 360 °; the changes necessary to the chambers 43a and 43b are carried out in particular by the ignition and the movement of the gear wheels 16 and 18.
  • a total of thirty-two cycles are performed per revolution, eight of which are working cycles. This is six work cycles more than with a known Otto or Wankel engine with a significantly lower surface friction, since a corresponding Otto or Wankel engine would have to have an approximately 40 to 50% larger piston area.
  • the piston speed is significantly lower than that of the previously known engines, namely by around 20 to 30%. A maximum piston speed of 8 to 10 m / sec will be necessary.
  • the inlet and outlet are inevitably done by the rotor rotation with high suction and flushing performance. There are no moving parts, such as valves, that need to be serviced.
  • the entire drive unit can be cooled with water or oil in appropriate cavities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Le dispositif pour entraîner un arbre moteur (21) au moyen d'un piston et d'un mécanisme d'entraînement intermédiaire se distingue par l'utilisation d'un piston en deux parties (1, 2) qui constituent l'une avec l'autre une chambre de combustion (43). Les deux parties de piston tournent (1, 2) autour d'un axe (A) en faisant varier la dimension de la chambre de combustion (43).

Claims (14)

1. Dispositif pour l'entrainement d'un arbre mené (21) au moyen d'au moins un ensemble de deux éléments de piston (1, 2) qui tournent autour du même axe et forment entre eux deux chambres de combustion (43) de volume variable et dont le premier élément de piston (1) comporte une section de cylindre (40) avec une découpe en segment (41) dans laquelle le deuxième élément de piston (2) est inséré comme section de segment (42), caractérisé en ce que chacun des éléments de piston (1, 2) est assemblé de manière excentrique à une roue dentée satellite (16, 18) qui engrène chaque fois avec une denture intérieure (38) d'un anneau (39) fixé sur un carter et avec une denture extérieure d'une roue planétaire (20) qui est accouplée à l'arbre mené (21).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé, dans le fond de la découpe en segment (41), une gorge (44) dans laquelle repose la section de segment (42) avec un bourrelet (45).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le bourrelet (45) présente une rainure de sommet (42) qui loge une baguette d'étanchéité.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les pistons tournent dans une partie de carter (3) qui comporte au moins une sortie (49) pour le gaz de combustion et au moins une entrée (50) pour le carburant.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif d'allumage est associé à une surface intérieure d'une découpe en segment (41) ou a une surface extérieure d'une section de segment (42) qui forment ensemble une chambre de combustion (43) avec un angle (z).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une installation d'allumage (48) est placée dans la partie de carter (39).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que deux installations d'allumage (48), deux sorties (49) et deux entrées (50) sont disposées respectivement en vis-à-vis.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les angles de la découpe de segment (w) et de la section de segment (v) et la disposition de l'installation d'allumage (48) des sorties (49) et des entrées (50) sont choisis de telle sorte qu'une première chambre de combustion (43b) est allumée, lorsqu'une deuxième chambre de combustion est reliée à la sortie (50), que dans la position suivante, la première chambre (43b) est raccordée à la sortie (49) tandis que la deuxième chambre (43a) est allumée et que dans l'autre position, la première chambre (43b) est reliée à l'entrée (50) et la deuxième (43a) à la sortie.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les positions citées peuvent être atteintes au moins deux fois pendant une rotation du piston de 360°.
10. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque section de cylindre (40) est reliée avec au moins une section de segment (42), à ces sections étant associé dans chaque cas, un élementde piston avec au moins une section de segment (42) et une section de cylindre (40).
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'assemblage entre les éléments de piston (1, 2) et la roue dentée satellite (16, 18) s'effectue par des éléments de levier coudé (15, 17).
12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les roues dentées satellites reposent par des axes de roue dentée (25) dans des paliers (24) qui font partie d'un disque tournant (26), lequel tourne dans un palier principal (27) entre une coque de carter (28) et est traversé par l'arbre mené (21), dans un autre palier (23).
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre mené (21) peut être mis en rotation au moins pour le démarrage par une manivelle (31) et une roue dentée (34) engrenant avec un disque d'entrainement (35).
14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de piston (1, 2) sont recouverts frontalement par des disques (9, 14) qui sont reliés, de manière fixe, avec un élément de piston, tandis qu'ils ne sont pas en contact avec l'autre.
EP86901323A 1985-03-18 1986-03-06 Machine a piston rotatif avec vitesses de rotation variables periodiquement Expired - Lifetime EP0217813B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1195/85A CH667131A5 (de) 1985-03-18 1985-03-18 Vorrichtung zum antreiben einer abtriebswelle.
CH1195/85 1985-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0217813A1 EP0217813A1 (fr) 1987-04-15
EP0217813B1 true EP0217813B1 (fr) 1991-05-02

Family

ID=4204727

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86901323A Expired - Lifetime EP0217813B1 (fr) 1985-03-18 1986-03-06 Machine a piston rotatif avec vitesses de rotation variables periodiquement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4788952A (fr)
EP (1) EP0217813B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62502274A (fr)
AU (1) AU5457686A (fr)
CH (1) CH667131A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986005545A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9024648D0 (en) * 1990-11-13 1991-01-02 Seymour Chalk Hugh A Rotary engine
PL309184A1 (en) * 1992-11-27 1995-09-18 Donald Clive Hiscock Transmission
US7270092B2 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-09-18 Hefley Carl D Variable displacement/compression engine
AU2008229566A1 (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-09-25 Felix Wirz Method and device for generating mechanical energy

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2816527A (en) * 1953-10-28 1957-12-17 Palazzo Quirino Rotary four-stroke engine
FR2138581B1 (fr) * 1971-05-27 1973-05-25 Marchand Henri
FR2166529A5 (fr) * 1971-12-28 1973-08-17 Gindre Henri
US4068985A (en) * 1976-04-06 1978-01-17 Baer John S Rotary engine or pump construction
JPS5231482A (en) * 1976-09-17 1977-03-09 Hitachi Ltd Escalator control unit
EP0062087A1 (fr) * 1981-04-08 1982-10-13 Gerhard Rödiger Machine à piston rotatif à vitesse de rotation périodiquement variable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0335499B2 (fr) 1991-05-28
CH667131A5 (de) 1988-09-15
US4788952A (en) 1988-12-06
AU5457686A (en) 1986-10-13
JPS62502274A (ja) 1987-09-03
EP0217813A1 (fr) 1987-04-15
WO1986005545A1 (fr) 1986-09-25

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