Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
  • E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
  • E04H17/20—Posts therefor
  • E04H17/22—Anchoring means therefor, e.g. specially-shaped parts entering the ground; Struts or the like

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an anchor with attached sheath as well as a method and a tool for the implementation of said ankle for fixing poles or stakes in the ground.
• the first consists of preparing a hole in the ground, planting the base of the post at the bottom of the hole, then backfilling.
• the disadvantage of this solution in addition to important work (digging and backfilling), is that it does not provide the post with good stability, the backfilling with the extracted earth offering only a low resistance to efforts transverse forces exerted on the post. For this reason, we replace this backfill with concrete.
• This solution is costly in terms of time, labor, and transportation of concrete.
• Another, easier solution uses stabilization means associated with the base of the post and engaged at the same time as the latter in the hole: after backfilling, these stabilizations (generally projecting radial anchoring elements) ensure better fixing. at the post.
• the third method of fixing consists in placing the stabilization means after the post is driven into the ground.
• These stabilization means can for example consist in a rectangular sheet metal plate or cut in a downward point, with, in its middle part, a clamping (obtained by cutting and stamping) of the same dimension as the section of the post. , allowing a sliding mounting on the latter.
• this method of fixing does not in any way solve the problem of the insertion of the post, in particular those of large sizes and in rocky soils: traditional posts can only be driven directly into loose soil.
• this method of fixing does not allow an easy extraction of the post and, consequently, its replacement, joining in this the traditional techniques which they wanted to compete with.
• the fourth method of fixing consists in using a previously inserted dowel, in which the post is engaged for example in the manner described in patent FR 2 422 797 which involves a special dowel, driven in with a suitable tool: according to this patent, the anchor intended for fixing posts in the ground, or stakes comprises anchoring fins delimiting by their folded edges a sheath substantially equal to the total height of the dowel, which constitutes the housing of the base of the post or stake.
• the guide of the dowel is all the more precise as the spindle of the driving tool and the sheath have, at least over part of their length, identical or complementary sections. It is therefore necessary to use a plurality of pins of different sections adapting to the various profiles of the ankle sleeves.
• dowels described in the aforementioned FR patent can only be used for a determined section of post or stake, which again imposes a large and varied stock of parts.
• the object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks. It offers a simplified manufacturing ankle and can be adapted to different types of tools while 'being able to receive various sections of poles and pickets.
• an anchoring part the central surface portion of which, or median part, extends over the entire height of the part, along a median axis corresponding to the axis of insertion of the part,
• At least two wings the upper edge of which is intended to receive percussion forces and at least part of the lateral edge of which is biased relative to the driving axis, to promote penetration into the ground.
• - first assembly means arranged on either side of the middle part, forming allon ⁇ aged and flat housings,
• a removable sheath in the form of a profile, of length equal to the anchoring piece, and of section varying as a function of that of the corresponding post or stake,
• Second assembly means in the form of lateral flats, cooperating on this sheath with the first means, to ensure the fixing of the aforementioned removable sheath on the middle part, coaxially with the driving axis.
• a temporary assembly is then made, by sliding the flats of the removable sheath, in the elongated and flat housings of the anchoring part, parallel to the axis of penetration.
• the invention provides improvements to facilitate gripping, the establishment of the ankle to where it needs to be driven into the ground, the extrac ⁇ tion of the tool, and the introduction of post or the stake in the scabbard, once the ankle is inserted.
• a dowel of the aforementioned type in which the upper part of the sheath is deformable and a tool comprising a stop piece and a spindle and, at the junction between these two elements, a shape which widens progressively from said spindle to said abutment piece, in order to ensure:
• the formation of the aforementioned flaring is facilitated by the fact that the walls of the sheath, in particular at the level of its upper part, are thin and free from significant excess thicknesses and are, therefore, able to be deformed .
• Figure 1 is a view * e. in perspective of a dowel, of which Figures 2 and 3 show the respective sections of the anchor and an element of the sleeve according to two different embodiments;
• FIG. 4 represents different possible sections for the sheath element adaptable to the same anchoring part as that of FIG. 2, only the flats being identical;
• Figures 5 and 6 show a variant execution of a dowel, respectively in perspective and in cross section;
• Figure 7 is a partial view of the tabs that includes the anchor of Figure 5;
• FIG. 8 partially represents, in perspective, the anchoring part of FIG. 5 assembled with the attached sheath element (and only partially • engaged) of FIG. 6;
• FIG. 9 illustrates in perspective a form of execution in which the sheath is entirely made up of an attached element
• Figures 10 and 11 show in cross section, respectively the anchor piece and the sheath elements attached, in a form executable by extrusion or by pultrusion;
• Figure 12 is a schematic section illustrating the method of driving the dowel into the ground, using a manual tool
• FIG. 13 is a schematic section showing the compaction of the earth around a plug inserted in accordance with the method according to the invention.
• Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the one flaring of the tool at the junction between the pin and the abutment member
• Figure 15 is a perspective showing the deformation obtained on the dowel by the flared part of the tool.
• FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a removable intermediate sleeve adapting the section of the spindle of the tool to dowels of different sections
• FIG. 17 is an overall section showing the bearing surface of the abutment piece of the spindle of a tool, part of the dowel on which the tool is supported, and a removable intermediate sheath, in place around of said pin;
• Figure 18 is a schematic section of a dowel in which the first and second assembly means are folded outwards instead of inside;
• FIG. 19 is a perspective showing the overhang of the pointed spindle of the tool with respect to the truncated part of a dowel ready to be inserted;
• Figure 20 is a schematic perspective view of a dowel on which is fixed a pole of large section, by means of a plate;
• FIG. 21 is a schematic representation, in perspective, making it possible to illustrate the crimping of a post by means of an appropriate tool.
• the plug of FIGS. 1 to 4 and 18 comprises an anchoring piece 1 produced in a single cut sheet, the folds of which join the wings 101 and 102 to the central part 103, and constitute two flat and elongated housings 1010 and 1020 open on a side and at the ends, to receive the folded flats of a sheath element such as 201, 202, 203, 204, 205.
• the wings 101 and 102 are inclined symmetrically with respect to the central part 103 to center the force of penetration relative to the volume determined by the assembly of the ankle and obtain a stabilized multidirectional anchoring.
• the two flat housings 1010, 1020 also reinforce the longitudinal and central resistance of the ankle, where the percussion is concentrated.
• FIG. 2 shows, in dotted lines, the sheath element 202 and the middle part of the pin 103 situated at an appropriate distance from the face of the sheath which is parallel to said middle part.
• the junctions (between the external folds of the middle part 103 and the wings 101 and 102) form projecting stops 1011 and 1021 which prevent the two built-in faces of the sleeve 202 from moving apart.
• the ankle and the sheath which is integral with it over its entire height have a developed maximizing the contact surface with the stop of the spindle.
• the base of the dowel is truncated to save metal, the protruding end of the pointed end of the tool being sufficient for driving in (Figure 19).
• the folds of the anchoring piece and the flats of the sheath open towards the axis of symmetry of the ankle and not towards the wings (FIG. 18).
• the folds are simpler and better protect the fold lines in the event of an encounter with stones.
• the use of tongues instead of folds facilitates manufacture, in particular with a united central part and a sheath with external flats. This arrangement makes it impossible to separate the lateral sides of the sheath.
• the middle part 103 can even form a separate part assembled with two separate fins; the three parts - of the anchor and the sheath form by means of folded edges a peg reducing the storage but penalizing the implementation and manufacturing.
• the open sheath is closed only by its junction with the central part of the anchoring part. If the re-centering of the driving forces relative to the volume defined by the fins is respected, the role of the two parts in forming a complete sheath can be more or less equal. We can even consider giving each of these two parts the role of a half-sheath body.
• the attached sheath element is guided and received by flat housings formed by folds of a length equal to that of the element of anchoring so that the tool spindle occupies the entire sleeve and prevents any penetration of soil.
• FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 shows that the flat housings do not need to reign continuously over the entire height of the dowel; rather than continuous folds for guiding and housing the element of the attached sheath, two pairs of tongues 2011-2021 and 2012-2022 are preferred, obtained by cutting and stamping the central part of the anchoring part.
• the surface of the tongues is preserved from stamping to remain in the plane of the upper face of the parallelepipedic boss 1032 while partially covering two gutters 1030-1031 separated by this boss 1032.
• These pairs of tongues are sufficient to ensure, in cooperation with the gutters, guiding and holding the folded or flat edges of the insert sleeve element 202 shown partially engaged on the anchoring part in FIG. 8.
• Sheath elements with different shapes and dimensions can be attached to the same anchor to receive various sections of posts or stakes.
• stiffeners such as 1013-1014 (figures 5 and 7) are produced on the flat surface common to two tongues of the same couple and on the surface of the intermediate bossa ⁇ ge, to avoid inadvertent sliding of the post and the sheath element.
• the anchoring piece in FIGS. 5 to 8 can be advantageously made with a press stroke, the sheath then being able to be obtained from continuous profiles.
• the sleeve 204 may have a closed triangular, .circular, rectangular or other section, but also open over its entire length as shown in FIG. 9, which makes it suitable for receiving a P-type post " ELKOSTA "whose protuberance in T will pass through the slot 2040 towards the outside of the sheath and will block the post at the upper edge of the flange 1023.
• the penetration of soil into the sheath by the slot is negligible and does not interfere with nothing the introduction of the post.
• the plug of Figures 10 and 11 is extruded.
• the wings of the anchoring part have, by biased cuts, a certain slope.
• the ankle is driven in by the following tools:
• the pin C is placed on the spindle where it gets stuck on the flare 173 (Figure 14), which allows the pin to be gripped by wedging on the opening O of the panel ( Figure 15) and causes from the first shocks a widening of the upper part of the sheath; are thus improved, during insertion, the connection of the two pieces of the dowel by crimping (anchoring piece / sheath) and the refocusing of the shocks exerted in the central axis of the dowel on the stop piece 17 in Figure 12 then, after pressing in, the extraction of the tool and the insertion of the post:
• FIG. 12 shows, projecting from the sheath of a dowel being driven in, the tip of a spindle 151 provided with a stop piece 17 whose lower face 172 and the flare 173 bear on the dowel C and whose upper face 171 receives the blows from the ram 16 (with easily grippable notches 161) sliding on the guide 15.
• the adaptation of the driving tool to different sections of sheath can be achieved by a removable adapter spacer sleeve, the central part 3 ( Figures 16-17) with or without longitudinal recesses 30, 31, 32, 33 between the ends 2 and 2 ', the end 2 closely following the spindle R of the driving tool just above the tip of the latter.
• the recesses 30, 31, 32, 33 prevent the sleeve from adhering to the sleeve of the dowel and to the central part of the spindle of the tool.
• the part 2 ′ of the sleeve advantageously ends in a flared part 20 matching that of the tool described above and playing the same role.
• the anchor C is of lighter construction because it takes advantage of the pre-perforations and of the guidance by the tool.
• the spindle protects the inside of the sheath from impact or bending during sinking, under the cumulative effect of percussions or hard bodies encountered.
• the guiding and holding of the ankles are not weakened when the wings twist or tear when encountering hard points in the ground during driving, the holding is reinforced by:
• the adults can also include, as shown in this figure 20, perforations 70 which facilitate handling and storage, as well as the securing of cables, hooks, etc., in particular for blocking the plate. 71 at the base of a post 72 with a large section.
• the pole 72 no longer enters the sheath; the plate 71 is placed in place of the tool stop, on the top of the sheath and the wings, thus allowing the use of tools of small section for dowels and large posts.
• the top of the sheath can be crimped by a shock or a horizontal twist with a suitable tool, such as, for example, that shown in FIG. 21.
• This tool comprises a rod 73, provided at its lower end with a slot 74 and which comprises at its upper end a transverse arm 75.
• the tool is placed so that its slot 74 straddles the upper edge of the sheath 76, clamps it, penetrating partly into the ground and partly into the available space existing between the sheath 76 and the post 77. performing a rotation of the rod 73, thanks to the arm 75, the crimping of the post 77 is thus caused by reducing the section of the sheath 76.
• the method may include:
• the method may further comprise, before the introduction of the tool spindle into the ankle sheath, place the adapter sleeve either on said pin or in the sheath.
• the method may further include an additional depressing phase of the ankle, slightly below ground level, to allow additional compaction of the soil around the ankle.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
• Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=24884056

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 1986
  • 1986-02-14 EP EP86901097A patent/EP0215813A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1986-02-14 WO PCT/FR1986/000044 patent/WO1986005834A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1986-02-14 AU AU54531/86A patent/AU5453186A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1986-02-20 ES ES1986296844U patent/ES296844Y/es not_active Expired

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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