EP0215813A1

EP0215813A1 - Dowel fitted with a sleeve, for fixing posts or pickets in the ground

Info

Publication number: EP0215813A1
Application number: EP86901097A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Paul Moraly
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1985-03-29
Filing date: 1986-02-14
Publication date: 1987-04-01
Also published as: ES296844U; AU5453186A; WO1986005834A1; ES296844Y

Abstract

Cheville destinée à la fixation d'un poteau dans le sol, comportant une pièce d'ancrage en tôle découpée et pliée formant deux ailes (101-102) disposées selon un profil en V évasé et une portion centrale plane (103) réunie aux ailes par des parties pliées formant des logements allongés et plats (1010-1020) ouverts pour recevoir les bords repliés d'un élément rapporté de fourreau (202).Dowel intended for fixing a post in the ground, comprising a cut-out and bent sheet metal anchor forming two wings (101-102) arranged in a flared V profile and a flat central portion (103) joined to the wings by folded portions forming elongated and flat housings (1010-1020) open to receive the folded edges of a sleeve insert (202).

Description

ADDED SLEEVE ANKLE FOR FIXING GROUND POLE OR POLE.

The present invention relates to an anchor with attached sheath as well as a method and a tool for the implementation of said ankle for fixing poles or stakes in the ground.

Of the four main methods of fixing posts or the like to the ground, the first consists of preparing a hole in the ground, planting the base of the post at the bottom of the hole, then backfilling. The disadvantage of this solution, in addition to important work (digging and backfilling), is that it does not provide the post with good stability, the backfilling with the extracted earth offering only a low resistance to efforts transverse forces exerted on the post. For this reason, we replace this backfill with concrete. This solution is costly in terms of time, labor, and transportation of concrete. Another, easier solution, uses stabilization means associated with the base of the post and engaged at the same time as the latter in the hole: after backfilling, these stabilizations (generally projecting radial anchoring elements) ensure better fixing. at the post. However, the drawback of this solution is that it requires digging large holes to receive the post with its stabilization means. The second method of fixing the posts is to hammer them in. This slightly compacts the soil around the post during penetration, resulting in better stabilization compared to the post placed in a preliminary hole.

However, in many applications, the result obtained is insufficient and the addition of stabilization means is necessary.

The third method of fixing consists in placing the stabilization means after the post is driven into the ground. These stabilization means can for example consist in a rectangular sheet metal plate or cut in a downward point, with, in its middle part, a clamping (obtained by cutting and stamping) of the same dimension as the section of the post. , allowing a sliding mounting on the latter. Once the base of the post has been driven into the ground, it is stabilized by sliding the plate to the ground where it is pushed in by percussion, which deteriorates "the galvanization or coating of the post.

It is clear that this method of fixing does not in any way solve the problem of the insertion of the post, in particular those of large sizes and in rocky soils: traditional posts can only be driven directly into loose soil. In addition, this method of fixing, like the previous ones, does not allow an easy extraction of the post and, consequently, its replacement, joining in this the traditional techniques which they wanted to compete with.

The fourth method of fixing consists in using a previously inserted dowel, in which the post is engaged for example in the manner described in patent FR 2 422 797 which involves a special dowel, driven in with a suitable tool: according to this patent, the anchor intended for fixing posts in the ground, or stakes comprises anchoring fins delimiting by their folded edges a sheath substantially equal to the total height of the dowel, which constitutes the housing of the base of the post or stake.

However, the guide of the dowel is all the more precise as the spindle of the driving tool and the sheath have, at least over part of their length, identical or complementary sections. It is therefore necessary to use a plurality of pins of different sections adapting to the various profiles of the ankle sleeves.

In addition, the dowels described in the aforementioned FR patent can only be used for a determined section of post or stake, which again imposes a large and varied stock of parts.

The object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks. It offers a simplified manufacturing ankle and can be adapted to different types of tools while ^'being able to receive various sections of poles and pickets.

To this end,. It offers an ankle comprising:

an anchoring part, the central surface portion of which, or median part, extends over the entire height of the part, along a median axis corresponding to the axis of insertion of the part,

- At least two wings, the upper edge of which is intended to receive percussion forces and at least part of the lateral edge of which is biased relative to the driving axis, to promote penetration into the ground. - first assembly means arranged on either side of the middle part, forming allon¬ aged and flat housings,

- a removable sheath, in the form of a profile, of length equal to the anchoring piece, and of section varying as a function of that of the corresponding post or stake,

- Second assembly means, in the form of lateral flats, cooperating on this sheath with the first means, to ensure the fixing of the aforementioned removable sheath on the middle part, coaxially with the driving axis.

A temporary assembly is then made, by sliding the flats of the removable sheath, in the elongated and flat housings of the anchoring part, parallel to the axis of penetration.

Moreover, ^• the invention provides improvements to facilitate gripping, the establishment of the ankle to where it needs to be driven into the ground, the extrac¬ tion of the tool, and the introduction of post or the stake in the scabbard, once the ankle is inserted.

To this end, it provides a dowel of the aforementioned type in which the upper part of the sheath is deformable and a tool comprising a stop piece and a spindle and, at the junction between these two elements, a shape which widens progressively from said spindle to said abutment piece, in order to ensure:

- gripping the ankle by introducing the pin into the sheath until the upper orifice thereof comes to wedge against the flared shape, so that the ankle is secured by coince¬ ment with the 'tool, which allows it to be transported, in suspension, to the desired insertion location. the formation of a flaring by progressive deformation of the upper part of the sheath according to the flaring of the spindle, under percussion, this flaring facilitating the extraction of the tool and the introduction of the stake or post,

- the concentration of the percussions and the guidance applied to the ankle by the tool along the driving axis and to the right of the central part which is more resistant than the stabilization wings,

- the crimp joining the two pieces of the ankle and ensuring by this flaring a better and final cohesion.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the formation of the aforementioned flaring is facilitated by the fact that the walls of the sheath, in particular at the level of its upper part, are thin and free from significant excess thicknesses and are, therefore, able to be deformed .

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the description below, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view ^* e. in perspective of a dowel, of which Figures 2 and 3 show the respective sections of the anchor and an element of the sleeve according to two different embodiments;

FIG. 4 represents different possible sections for the sheath element adaptable to the same anchoring part as that of FIG. 2, only the flats being identical;

Figures 5 and 6 show a variant execution of a dowel, respectively in perspective and in cross section; Figure 7 is a partial view of the tabs that includes the anchor of Figure 5;

FIG. 8 partially represents, in perspective, the anchoring part of FIG. 5 assembled with the attached sheath element (and only partially • engaged) of FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 illustrates in perspective a form of execution in which the sheath is entirely made up of an attached element;

Figures 10 and 11 show in cross section, respectively the anchor piece and the sheath elements attached, in a form executable by extrusion or by pultrusion;

Figure 12 is a schematic section illustrating the method of driving the dowel into the ground, using a manual tool;

FIG. 13 is a schematic section showing the compaction of the earth around a plug inserted in accordance with the method according to the invention;

Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the ^one flaring of the tool at the junction between the pin and the abutment member;

Figure 15 is a perspective showing the deformation obtained on the dowel by the flared part of the tool;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a removable intermediate sleeve adapting the section of the spindle of the tool to dowels of different sections; FIG. 17 is an overall section showing the bearing surface of the abutment piece of the spindle of a tool, part of the dowel on which the tool is supported, and a removable intermediate sheath, in place around of said pin;

Figure 18 is a schematic section of a dowel in which the first and second assembly means are folded outwards instead of inside;

FIG. 19 is a perspective showing the overhang of the pointed spindle of the tool with respect to the truncated part of a dowel ready to be inserted;

Figure 20 is a schematic perspective view of a dowel on which is fixed a pole of large section, by means of a plate;

FIG. 21 is a schematic representation, in perspective, making it possible to illustrate the crimping of a post by means of an appropriate tool.

The plug of FIGS. 1 to 4 and 18 comprises an anchoring piece 1 produced in a single cut sheet, the folds of which join the wings 101 and 102 to the central part 103, and constitute two flat and elongated housings 1010 and 1020 open on a side and at the ends, to receive the folded flats of a sheath element such as 201, 202, 203, 204, 205.

Defining by their conformation an axis XX 'and a direction F of penetration, the wings 101 and 102 are inclined symmetrically with respect to the central part 103 to center the force of penetration relative to the volume determined by the assembly of the ankle and obtain a stabilized multidirectional anchoring. The two flat housings 1010, 1020 also reinforce the longitudinal and central resistance of the ankle, where the percussion is concentrated.

FIG. 2 shows, in dotted lines, the sheath element 202 and the middle part of the pin 103 situated at an appropriate distance from the face of the sheath which is parallel to said middle part. The junctions (between the external folds of the middle part 103 and the wings 101 and 102) form projecting stops 1011 and 1021 which prevent the two built-in faces of the sleeve 202 from moving apart. The ankle and the sheath which is integral with it over its entire height have a developed maximizing the contact surface with the stop of the spindle. The base of the dowel is truncated to save metal, the protruding end of the pointed end of the tool being sufficient for driving in (Figure 19).

As a variant of form and arrangement, the folds of the anchoring piece and the flats of the sheath open towards the axis of symmetry of the ankle and not towards the wings (FIG. 18). In Figure 2, the folds are simpler and better protect the fold lines in the event of an encounter with stones. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 18, the use of tongues instead of folds facilitates manufacture, in particular with a united central part and a sheath with external flats. This arrangement makes it impossible to separate the lateral sides of the sheath.

Being able to project outside and no longer inside the volume defined by the fins, the middle part 103 can even form a separate part assembled with two separate fins; the three parts - of the anchor and the sheath form by means of folded edges a peg reducing the storage but penalizing the implementation and manufacturing. The open sheath is closed only by its junction with the central part of the anchoring part. If the re-centering of the driving forces relative to the volume defined by the fins is respected, the role of the two parts in forming a complete sheath can be more or less equal. We can even consider giving each of these two parts the role of a half-sheath body.

In one of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4, the attached sheath element is guided and received by flat housings formed by folds of a length equal to that of the element of anchoring so that the tool spindle occupies the entire sleeve and prevents any penetration of soil.

One of the embodiments of FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 shows that the flat housings do not need to reign continuously over the entire height of the dowel; rather than continuous folds for guiding and housing the element of the attached sheath, two pairs of tongues 2011-2021 and 2012-2022 are preferred, obtained by cutting and stamping the central part of the anchoring part. The surface of the tongues is preserved from stamping to remain in the plane of the upper face of the parallelepipedic boss 1032 while partially covering two gutters 1030-1031 separated by this boss 1032. These pairs of tongues are sufficient to ensure, in cooperation with the gutters, guiding and holding the folded or flat edges of the insert sleeve element 202 shown partially engaged on the anchoring part in FIG. 8.

Sheath elements with different shapes and dimensions can be attached to the same anchor to receive various sections of posts or stakes.

Advantageously, stiffeners such as 1013-1014 (figures 5 and 7) are produced on the flat surface common to two tongues of the same couple and on the surface of the intermediate bossa¬ ge, to avoid inadvertent sliding of the post and the sheath element.

The anchoring piece in FIGS. 5 to 8 can be advantageously made with a press stroke, the sheath then being able to be obtained from continuous profiles.

The sleeve 204, an independent attached piece, may have a closed triangular, .circular, rectangular or other section, but also open over its entire length as shown in FIG. 9, which makes it suitable for receiving a P-type post " ELKOSTA "whose protuberance in T will pass through the slot 2040 towards the outside of the sheath and will block the post at the upper edge of the flange 1023. The penetration of soil into the sheath by the slot is negligible and does not interfere with nothing the introduction of the post.

The plug of Figures 10 and 11 is extruded. To facilitate the insertion, the wings of the anchoring part have, by biased cuts, a certain slope.

To reduce the number of models of insert sleeves and driving tools, the compatibility of tool posts and spindles with upper sleeve sections is obtained by inserting an additional wedging piece or "compensation sheath" (role played by the removable intermediate sheath). In metal or plastic, adhesive or not, it remains in the sheath after the installation of the post by wrapping it in whole or in part, depending on its shape (strip, tube, other), a simple wedging of the post may be sufficient ( on one side only in the case of triangular section).

In its variants, the ankle is driven in by the following tools:

- With a normal tool, we place the dowel C at the location where it must be pressed and then we engage in its sheath the spindle of the tool, the point of which protrudes outside comes into the ground,

- with the flaring tool, the pin C is placed on the spindle where it gets stuck on the flare 173 (Figure 14), which allows the pin to be gripped by wedging on the opening O of the panel (Figure 15) and causes from the first shocks a widening of the upper part of the sheath; are thus improved, during insertion, the connection of the two pieces of the dowel by crimping (anchoring piece / sheath) and the refocusing of the shocks exerted in the central axis of the dowel on the stop piece 17 in Figure 12 then, after pressing in, the extraction of the tool and the insertion of the post:

In both cases, after insertion of the tool spindle into the dowel, and under the impact of the sleeve 16 on the abutment piece 17, the dowel penetrates into the ground. After having slightly exceeded the level of the ground, the tool is withdrawn then the post inserted without the packed earth could not penetrate in the sheath.

The projection (launched and released) of the ram along the tool guide above the stop piece, increases the kinetic energy of this ram so much that the forces transmitted to the tip of the spindle extending beyond the base truncated ankle (Figure 19) pulverize substantial rocks.

FIG. 12 shows, projecting from the sheath of a dowel being driven in, the tip of a spindle 151 provided with a stop piece 17 whose lower face 172 and the flare 173 bear on the dowel C and whose upper face 171 receives the blows from the ram 16 (with easily grippable notches 161) sliding on the guide 15.

In both cases, the adaptation of the driving tool to different sections of sheath can be achieved by a removable adapter spacer sleeve, the central part 3 (Figures 16-17) with or without longitudinal recesses 30, 31, 32, 33 between the ends 2 and 2 ', the end 2 closely following the spindle R of the driving tool just above the tip of the latter.

There is thus a set of sleeves which make it possible to adapt a single tool to dowels having sleeves F of different sections.

The recesses 30, 31, 32, 33 prevent the sleeve from adhering to the sleeve of the dowel and to the central part of the spindle of the tool.

The part 2 ′ of the sleeve advantageously ends in a flared part 20 matching that of the tool described above and playing the same role.

The anchor C is of lighter construction because it takes advantage of the pre-perforations and of the guidance by the tool.

The spindle protects the inside of the sheath from impact or bending during sinking, under the cumulative effect of percussions or hard bodies encountered.

It also prohibits any penetration of soil harmful to the subsequent engagement of the post.

The guiding and holding of the ankles are not weakened when the wings twist or tear when encountering hard points in the ground during driving, the holding is reinforced by:

- partial deformations and tears of wings,

- the compaction (carried out by the tip of the spindle) on the earth moved along the sheath (Figure 13), - the very strong compaction (carried out by the stop - of the spindle) at the head of the dowel, below ground level, at the end of driving, when the percus¬ sions are emphasized (Figure 13).

In addition, the following can be fitted on the wings:

- stiffening plies which facilitate their alignment and allow overlapping for packaging;

- Perforations which facilitate their rational deformation to improve the anchoring and the interpenetration of foreign bodies such as earth, roots, stones, etc.

An exemplary embodiment of these perforations and of these stiffening folds is indicated in broken lines in FIG. 20.

The adults can also include, as shown in this figure 20, perforations 70 which facilitate handling and storage, as well as the securing of cables, hooks, etc., in particular for blocking the plate. 71 at the base of a post 72 with a large section.

In this case, the pole 72 no longer enters the sheath; the plate 71 is placed in place of the tool stop, on the top of the sheath and the wings, thus allowing the use of tools of small section for dowels and large posts.

To secure the post to the ankle, the top of the sheath can be crimped by a shock or a horizontal twist with a suitable tool, such as, for example, that shown in FIG. 21. This tool comprises a rod 73, provided at its lower end with a slot 74 and which comprises at its upper end a transverse arm 75.

The tool is placed so that its slot 74 straddles the upper edge of the sheath 76, clamps it, penetrating partly into the ground and partly into the available space existing between the sheath 76 and the post 77. performing a rotation of the rod 73, thanks to the arm 75, the crimping of the post 77 is thus caused by reducing the section of the sheath 76.

The installation of stakes using plugs with attached sheaths and driving-in tools in accordance with the present invention can advantageously be carried out in accordance with the process below which comprises the following steps:

- the choice of an attached sheath corresponding to the section of the post or stake that one wishes to drive in;

- mounting the sheath on an anchor plate;

- the installation of the dowel thus constituted at the place where it is desired to place the post or the stake;

- the introduction, into the sheath, of the spindle of the driving tool;

- The application of repeated forces on the driving tool to effect the simultaneous driving of said tool and said pin;

- the extraction of the driving tool once the ankle is fully inserted into the ground;

- the introduction of a post or a stake in the sheath of the ankle. Of course, in the case where the driving-in tool comprises a flared part such as that previously described, once the sleeve has been mounted on the anchoring part, the method may include:

the introduction of the tool into the sheath of the ankle thus formed;

- gripping and then placing the assembly formed by the dowel and the tool at the location where one wishes to install the stake or pole;

- the insertion of the ankle as previously indicated.

Likewise, when an adaptation of the driving tool to the ankle sheath is necessary, the method may further comprise, before the introduction of the tool spindle into the ankle sheath, place the adapter sleeve either on said pin or in the sheath.

The method may further include an additional depressing phase of the ankle, slightly below ground level, to allow additional compaction of the soil around the ankle.

It is clear that the method described above makes it possible to install stakes or posts at very rapid rates regardless of the nature of the soil. It also has the advantage of using only simple materials, inexpensive and capable of being manufactured industrially in large series.

Claims

claims

1. Anchor intended for fixing, in the ground, posts or stakes, characterized in that it comprises:

- on the one hand, an anchor piece comprising:

a central surface portion (103) extending over the entire height of the part along a central axis corresponding to the insertion axis of the part,

at least two wings (101, 102) each having a lateral border of which at least a part extends obliquely with respect to said central axis so as to promote the insertion of the part in a determined direction of insertion, and an upper border on which can be exerted percussion forces parallel to said central axis and in said driving direction, and

. first assembly means (1010, 1020) provided on said central surface portion (103),

- on the other hand, a removable sheath (202) profiled comprising an upper opening and a lower opening and having a length substantially equal to the anchor and a section whose shape and dimensions are variable depending on a post or a corresponding stake, this sheath comprising second assembly means capable of cooperating with said first assembly means to ensure its removable attachment to said central surface portion substantially coaxially with said driving axis.

2. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second assembly means are arranged so as to allow assembly ge of the removable sheath (202) on the anchoring piece by sliding the sheath on the central surface portion (103), along said driving axis.

3. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforesaid first assembly means (1010, 1020) comprise elongated and flat housings which extend parallel to said driving axis on either side of the central surface portion, and the second assembly means comprise lateral wings secured to the sheath and adapted to engage by sliding in said elongated housings.

4. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring piece is constituted by a single sheet of sheet metal cut and folded, the two wings (101, 102) forming a flared V profile, while the central portion of surface (103) is generally flat and forms with the folds of the wings (101, 102) elongated and flat housings open on one side and at their ends to receive the folded edges of an open sheath element (202).

5. Anchor according to claim 4, characterized in that said folds are outside the flat central portion (103) which projects inwardly of the volume delimited by the wings and said folds.

6. Dowel according to claim 5, characterized in that the sheath insert (202) is shaped and dimensioned so that the sheath is housed by wedging a post which may have various shapes or sections.

7. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of the central part (103) of the anchor is truncated perpendicular to the insertion axis instead of extending the oblique of the wings (101, 102).

8. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring piece is constituted by a single sheet of sheet metal cut and folded, the two wings forming a flat or V-shaped profile flared, while the central surface portion is stamped so as to present towards the inside of the V two longitudinal gutters (1030-1031) separated by an elongated boss (1032), the stamping being carried out so as to leave one or more tongues in pairs or offset in the plane of the inner face of the boss, with a view to ensuring, by cooperation with the gutters, guiding and maintaining the folded edges of an insert element of open sheath (203).

9. Anchor according to claim 8, characterized in that the flat surface common to the languet¬ your same torque and the intermediate boss (1032) is provided with stiffeners.

10. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring part comprises a central surface portion having slots delimiting protruding parts on either side of the plane of the anchoring part, these protruding parts forming flanges intended to receive a fully attached sleeve (204). ^"

11. Anchor according to claim 10, characterized in that said attached sheath is triangular and open in an elongated slot capable of letting the T-protrusion of a pole of the "Elkosta" type pass, while one of the above parts, projecting form a stop flange for said protuberance.

12. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a compensation sheath (3) coming to be introduced into the above sheath and which has an outer shape substantially complementary to the inner shape of the sheath, and an inner shape substantially complementary to that of a post or stake.

13. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath (202) comprises at least in its upper part thin walls capable of being deformed.

14. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring part comprises stiffening plies.

15. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring part comprises perforations which facilitate their rational deformation to improve the anchoring and the interpenetration of foreign bodies.

16. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring piece comprises perforations suitable for serving for blocking the base plate of a post of large section.

17. Improved tool for driving in and guiding a dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a pin intended to pass through the sheath of the dowel, this pin having a pointed lower end, and being provided, at a distance from its point (151) greater than the height of the ankle, with a stop piece (17) intended to come to bear on the upper edge of the ankle, means making it possible to exert on said stop piece (17) efforts to cause the sinking of said spindle and said dowel, and a flare (173) provided at the junction of said spindle and said stop piece.

18. Tool according to claim 17, characterized in that it further comprises an intermediate and removable adaptation sheath coming to engage on said spindle, this sheath (3) comprising at its upper end (20) a flaring.

19. An assembly for fixing posts or pegs in the ground, characterized in that it comprises:

- an anchor plate;

- a plurality of removable sleeves (202) having dimensions and shapes corresponding to a plurality of posts or stakes, said removable sleeves comprising means for fixing to the anchoring plate; and

- a driving tool including a pin, the lower part (151) is Appointee and whose upper portion is provided with an abutment piece (17) whose lower face is provided to rest on ^the upper edge of a said anchor plate and said sheath (202), the length of said pin being greater than that of said sheath (202) and at the height of said anchor plate.

20. Method for fixing posts or stakes in the ground by means of dowels comprising an anchor plate and an attached sheath (202) and means for fixing said sheath and said anchor plate and by means of a driving tool comprising a spindle (15) whose lower part (151) is pointed and whose upper part is provided with a stop piece (17) whose lower face is designed to bear on the upper edge of the anchor plate and said sheath, characterized in that it comprises:

- The choice of an attached sheath (202) corresponding to the section of the post or stake that one wishes to drive; - mounting the sheath (202) on an anchor plate;

- The introduction, into the sheath (202), of the spindle (15) of the driving tool;

- the fixing of a post or a stake at the ankle.

21. The method of claim 20, characterized in that it further comprises before the introduction of the spindle (15) of the tool in the sleeve (202) of the dowel, the establishment of a removable adapter sleeve (3) removable on said pin (15).

22. The method of claim 20, characterized in that it further comprises an additional penetration phase of the ankle, slightly below ground level.

23. Method for fixing posts or pegs in the ground by means of dowels comprising an anchoring plate and an attached sheath (202) and means for fixing said sheath (202) and said anchoring plate, and by means of a driving tool comprising a spindle (15), the lower part (151) of which is pointed and the upper part of which is connected to a stop piece (17), the junction between said spindle and said stop piece forming a flare (173), characterized in that it comprises: - The choice of an attached sheath (202) corresponding to the section of the post or stake that one wishes to drive;

- mounting the sheath (202) on an anchor plate to form a dowel; - Introducing the tool into the sheath (-202) of the dowel thus formed;

- gripping and then placing the assembly formed by the dowel and the tool at the location where one wishes to install the stake or pole; - The application of repeated forces on the driving tool to effect the simultaneous driving of said tool and said pin;

- the extraction of the driving tool once the ankle is fully inserted into the ground; - the introduction of a post or a stake in the sheath of the ankle.

24. The method of claim 23, characterized in that it further comprises before the introduction of the spindle (15) of the tool in the sleeve (202) of the dowel, the establishment of a adapter sleeve (3) on said pin (15) or in said sleeve (202).

25. The method of claim 23, characterized in that it further comprises an additional penetration phase of the ankle, slightly below ground level.