EP0210976A2 - Single cylinder internal-combustion engine with crankcase scavenging - Google Patents

Single cylinder internal-combustion engine with crankcase scavenging Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0210976A2
EP0210976A2 EP86890187A EP86890187A EP0210976A2 EP 0210976 A2 EP0210976 A2 EP 0210976A2 EP 86890187 A EP86890187 A EP 86890187A EP 86890187 A EP86890187 A EP 86890187A EP 0210976 A2 EP0210976 A2 EP 0210976A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connecting rod
counterweight
piston
cylinder
crankshaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86890187A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0210976B1 (en
EP0210976A3 (en
Inventor
Andreas Bilek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL List GmbH
Original Assignee
AVL List GmbH
AVL Gesellschaft fuer Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH
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Application filed by AVL List GmbH, AVL Gesellschaft fuer Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH filed Critical AVL List GmbH
Publication of EP0210976A2 publication Critical patent/EP0210976A2/en
Publication of EP0210976A3 publication Critical patent/EP0210976A3/en
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Publication of EP0210976B1 publication Critical patent/EP0210976B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/28—Component parts, details or accessories of crankcase pumps, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, subgroups F02B33/02 - F02B33/26
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M3/00—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture
    • F01M3/02—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture with variable proportion of lubricant to fuel, lubricant to air, or lubricant to fuel-air-mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/04—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with simple crankcase pumps, i.e. with the rear face of a non-stepped working piston acting as sole pumping member in co-operation with the crankcase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single-cylinder, two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase purging, with a crankcase enclosing the crank mechanism and counterweight with small gaps, and supporting the cylinder, and a piston guided in the cylinder and connected via a connecting rod to a crankshaft mounted in the crankcase, the piston controls flushing slots arranged in the cylinder wall, wherein the crankshaft is mounted on one side overhung and the only counterweight between the crankpin bearing of the connecting rod and the connecting rod-side crankshaft main bearing is arranged.
  • An internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset was known, for example, from DE-OS 3 108 "519.
  • the end face of the piston facing the crankshaft is formed by a flat annular surface.
  • the length of the connecting rod is dimensioned so that that in the extreme position of the connecting rod facing away from the cylinder head, a gap remains between the outer surface of the counterweight and the end face of the piston facing this.
  • the invention has for its object to further reduce the harmful space for the crankcase purge and thus to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine and its fuel consumption.
  • the piston skirt has recesses on the side of the counterweight which closely enclose the counterweight in the area of the lower piston dead center, and in that the circumferential area of the cylinder liner cooperating with the recesses in the piston skirt is free of flushing slots.
  • the counterweight is designed such that it enters the correspondingly arranged recesses of the piston skirt at the lower piston dead center. This reduces the harmful space by a volume that results from the piston diameter and the height of the recesses of the piston skirt.
  • the recesses in the piston skirt can essentially be pulled up to the eyes for the piston pin, which results in the best values with regard to the reduction of the harmful space in this construction.
  • a further improvement in terms of the task can be achieved in that the connecting rod has a shaft which is offset in the direction away from the main crankshaft bearing in relation to a plane lying perpendicular to the crankshaft axis and passing through the longitudinal centers of the bearings on the crank pin and on the piston pin that the counterweight or the crank has a recess concentric with the crank pin for the passage of the connecting rod in the region of the lower piston dead center.
  • the interaction of these two measures will bring them closer together of the connecting rod and counterweight, whereby an additional reduction of the harmful space in the direction of the crankshaft axis is achieved.
  • the connecting rod is formed in one piece and in the region of its bearing on the crank pin essentially with an outer contour which is coaxial with the crank pin and approximately cylindrical.
  • the slot-controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine with fuel injection preferably a diesel engine
  • These housing parts are firmly and tightly connected to one another by means of a larger number of screws 7, which are screwed into the housing part 2 and penetrate the housing part 1.
  • the housing part 1 forms a space 8 which serves to hold fuel, the mirror 9 of which is regulated to a constant height by means not known per se, such as floats etc.
  • the room 8 is on the output side completed by the bearing plate 11 firmly connected to the housing part 1 via screws 10.
  • crankshaft 12 is overhung in the housing part 1 and in the bearing plate 11 by means of ball bearings 13 and 14 (main bearing).
  • the counterweight 15 At the free end of the crankshaft 12 is the counterweight 15, which partially engages behind the ball bearing 13 with a bead 15 '.
  • the circumferential contours 16 of the counterweight 15 and the circumferential contours 17 and 18 of the bead 15 ' run concentrically to the crankshaft 3 and form gaps with the corresponding walls 19 and 20 of the housing part 1 as they pass, which are kept as small as technically possible and feasible.
  • the counterweight 15 is connected to the crank pin 21, which is connected on one side to the crankshaft 12 via the crank 22.
  • the crank pin 21 is drive-connected to the piston 24 via the associated bearing 21 'by means of the one-piece connecting rod 23 via the piston pin 25, which is mounted on the piston 24 in eyes 30'.
  • the shaft 23 'of the connecting rod 23 is eccentric with respect to the piston or cylinder axis 26 and is offset in the direction away from the crankshaft bearing 13.
  • the outer contours 27 of the crank pin bearing eye 28 and the outer contour 29 of the piston pin bearing eye 30 of the connecting rod 23 are each designed axially to the bearing axes. Thanks to the flying crankshaft bearing, the undivided connecting rod 23 enables a circular connecting rod violin 23 "and thus the smallest possible crankcase dimensions.
  • the piston skirt 24 'of the piston 24 has recesses 31 on the side of the counterweight 15, into which the counterweight 15 enters with little play in the area of the bottom dead center position, see FIG. 3.
  • the counterweight 15 or the crank 22 has one towards the axis of the crank pin 21 concentric groove 32 into which the crank pin bearing eye 28 enters.
  • the piston 24 is slidably supported in the cylinder liner 33, which in turn is integrally formed with the cylinder head 35 provided with cooling fins 34.
  • This cylinder head-cylinder liner unit is clamped between the two housing parts 1 and 2, for which purpose the cylinder liner 33 is provided with a circumferential flange 36 '.
  • the parting line between the cylinder head 35 and the housing parts 1, 2 is designated 35 '.
  • the cylinder liner 33 has inlet slots 36 for the air compressed in the crank chamber 40 and outlet slots 37 for the combustion gases, both of which are controlled by the piston 24. There are no flushing slots in the area 33 'of the cylinder liner 33 because the piston skirt 24' has the recesses 31 in this area.
  • the inlet slots 36 are fed from a space 38, which in turn is in flow connection with the overflow channels 39 arranged at least in the housing part 2 in the region of the dividing plane 6 with the crank chamber 40.
  • This design of the overflow channels 39 has, inter alia, the advantage that they can be shaped and cast without a core.
  • the outlet slots 37 are in flow communication via an outlet duct 41 with the sound-absorbing exhaust device 42, which in turn is fastened to the housing part 1 by means of the screws 43 and has the outlet port 44.
  • a cooling fan 45 is provided which is fixedly connected to the crankshaft 12 by means of the central screw 46.
  • the cooling air is fed via a connecting line 47 to the cooling fins 34, for which purpose the latter have a casing which is partly formed by a shell part 48 and partly by the inner wall 49 of the fuel tank 50.
  • Fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 51 arranged in the piston 24 via the nozzle 52, specifically via the injection line 53, which is connected to the injection pump 54, which is not shown in detail.
  • the cam 55 of the injection pump sits on the crankshaft 12 and is connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the injection cam 55 is lubricated via an endless belt 56 made of flexible material, which is suspended on the crankshaft 12, is carried by the latter and is immersed under the fuel level 9.
  • the lubrication of the engine parts takes place via a device 57, which is not described in detail here and to which fuel is supplied via the angled line 58. This lubrication device is connected to the intake air flowing out via the air filter 59.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

1. A one-cylinder, two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase scavenging, comprising a crankcase which encloses the crank drive including the counterweight with a minimum of clearance and which carries the cylinder, and further comprising a piston guided in said cylinder, which is connected by a connecting rod to a crankshaft supported on bearings in said crankcase and which controls scavenge ports arranged in the wall of said cylinder, said crankshaft being of the side-crank type, i.e. with bearings only on one side, and the only counterweight being positioned between the crankpin bearing of the connecting rod and the main crankshaft bearing on the side of the connecting rod, wherein the piston body (24') is provided with recesses (31) on the side of the counterweight into which said counterweight will enter with a minimum of play in its position near the bottom dead center, and wherein the area (33') of the cylinder liner (33) cooperating with said recesses in the piston body (24') has no scavenge ports (36, 37).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einzylinder-Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Kurbelkastenspülung, mit einem den Kurbeltrieb samt Gegengewicht mit geringen Zwischenräumen umschließenden, den Zylinder tragenden Kurbelgehäuse und einem im Zylinder geführten, über ein Pleuel mit einer im Kurbelgehäuse gelagerten Kurbelwelle in Verbindung stehenden Kolben, der in der Zylinderwand angeordnete Spülschlitze steuert, wobei die Kurbelwelle einseitig fliegend gelagert ist und das einzige Gegengewicht zwischen Kurbelzapfenlager des Pleueles und pleuelseitigem Kurbelwellenhauptlager angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a single-cylinder, two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase purging, with a crankcase enclosing the crank mechanism and counterweight with small gaps, and supporting the cylinder, and a piston guided in the cylinder and connected via a connecting rod to a crankshaft mounted in the crankcase, the piston controls flushing slots arranged in the cylinder wall, wherein the crankshaft is mounted on one side overhung and the only counterweight between the crankpin bearing of the connecting rod and the connecting rod-side crankshaft main bearing is arranged.

Bei Brennkraftmaschinen dieser Art sind Spülluftmenge bzw. der Druck der Spülluft begrenzt durch das Hubvolumen des Kolbens und, was den Spüldruck anbelangt, bestimmt durch den schädlichen Raum im Kurbelgehäuse. Um diesen schädlichen Raum möglichst klein zu halten und damit den Spüleffekt sowie die Füllung des Zylinders auf möglichst günstige Werte zu bringen, ist es bekannt, das Triebwerk durch das Kurbelgehäuse mit geringen Zwischenräumen zu umschliessen.In internal combustion engines of this type, the amount of purge air or the pressure of the purge air is limited by the stroke volume of the piston and, as far as the purge pressure is concerned, by the harmful space in the crankcase. In order to keep this harmful space as small as possible and thus to bring the flushing effect and the filling of the cylinder to the most favorable values, it is known to enclose the engine through the crankcase with small gaps.

Eine Brennkraftmaschine der eingangs erwähnten Art wurde z.B. durch die DE-OS 3 108"519 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Brennkraftmaschine ist die der Kurbelwelle zugekehrte Stirnfläche des Kolbens durch eine ebene Kreisringfläche gebildet. Dabei ist die Länge der Pleuelstange so bemessen, daß in der vom Zylinderkopf abgekehrten Extremstellung der Pleuelstange zwischen der Mantelfläche des Gegengewichtes und der diesem zugekehrten Stirnfläche des Kolbens ein Spalt verbleibt. Dadurch ergibt sich aber ein relativ grosser schädlicher Raum.An internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset was known, for example, from DE-OS 3 108 "519. In this known internal combustion engine, the end face of the piston facing the crankshaft is formed by a flat annular surface. The length of the connecting rod is dimensioned so that that in the extreme position of the connecting rod facing away from the cylinder head, a gap remains between the outer surface of the counterweight and the end face of the piston facing this. However, this results in a relatively large harmful area.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den schädlichen Raum für die Kurbelgehäusespülung noch weiter zu verkleinern und damit die Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine sowie deren Kraftstoffverbrauch zu verbessern.The invention has for its object to further reduce the harmful space for the crankcase purge and thus to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine and its fuel consumption.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß das Kolbenhemd auf der Seite des Gegengewichtes Ausnehmungen aufweist, die das Gegengewicht im Bereich des untern Kolbentotpunktes eng umschließen, und daß der mit den Ausnehmungen des Kolbenhemdes zusammenwirkende Umfangsbereich der Zylinderbüchse frei von Spülschlitzen ist. Auf diese Weise ist das Gegengewicht so ausgebildet, daß es im unteren Kolbentotpunkt in die entsprechend angeordnetenAusnehmungen des Kolbenhemdes eintritt. Damit wird der schädliche Raum um ein Volumen verkleinert, das sich aus dem Kolbendurchmesser und der Höhe der Ausnehmungen des Kolbenhemdes ergibt.This is achieved according to the invention in that the piston skirt has recesses on the side of the counterweight which closely enclose the counterweight in the area of the lower piston dead center, and in that the circumferential area of the cylinder liner cooperating with the recesses in the piston skirt is free of flushing slots. In this way, the counterweight is designed such that it enters the correspondingly arranged recesses of the piston skirt at the lower piston dead center. This reduces the harmful space by a volume that results from the piston diameter and the height of the recesses of the piston skirt.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Ausnehmungen im Kolbenhemd im wesentlichen bis zu den Augen für den Kolbenbolzen hochgezogen sein, was bei dieser Konstruktion Bestwerte hinsichtlich der Verkleinerung des schädlichen Raumes ergibt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the recesses in the piston skirt can essentially be pulled up to the eyes for the piston pin, which results in the best values with regard to the reduction of the harmful space in this construction.

Eine weitere Verbesserung im Sinne der Aufgabenstellung kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß das Pleuel einen Schaft aufweist, der in bezug auf eine senkrecht zur Kurbelwellenachse liegende und durch die Längsmitten der Lager am Kurbelzapfen sowie am Kolbenbolzen gehende Ebene in Richtung weg vom Kurbelwellenhauptlager versetzt ausgebildet ist und daß das Gegengewicht bzw. die Kurbel eine zum Kurbelzapfen konzentrische Ausnehmung für den Vorbeigang des Pleuels im Bereich des unteren Kolbentotpunktes aufweist. Durch das Zusammenwirken dieser beiden Maßnahmen wird ein Näherrücken von Pleuel und Gegengewicht erreicht, wodurch eine zusätzliche Reduzierung des schädlichen Raumes in Richtung der Kurbelwellenachse erzielt wird.A further improvement in terms of the task can be achieved in that the connecting rod has a shaft which is offset in the direction away from the main crankshaft bearing in relation to a plane lying perpendicular to the crankshaft axis and passing through the longitudinal centers of the bearings on the crank pin and on the piston pin that the counterweight or the crank has a recess concentric with the crank pin for the passage of the connecting rod in the region of the lower piston dead center. The interaction of these two measures will bring them closer together of the connecting rod and counterweight, whereby an additional reduction of the harmful space in the direction of the crankshaft axis is achieved.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hiebei, wenn, in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung,das Pleuel einteilig und im Bereich seines Lagers am Kurbelzapfen im wesentlichen mit zum Kurbelzapfen koaxialer etwa zylindrischer Außenkontur ausgebildet ist. Dadurch kann auch die den schädlichen Raum beeinflussende Breite der zum Kurbelzapfen konzentrischen Ausnehmungen möglichst klein gehalten werden.It is particularly advantageous if, in a further embodiment of the invention, the connecting rod is formed in one piece and in the region of its bearing on the crank pin essentially with an outer contour which is coaxial with the crank pin and approximately cylindrical. As a result, the width of the recesses concentric with the crank pin, which influences the harmful space, can be kept as small as possible.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine im Schnitt durch die Zylinder- und Kurbelwellenachse,
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 ein Detail zu Fig. 1 in Ansicht,
  • Figur 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie Iv-IV in Fig. 1 und
  • Figur 5 einen Schnitt nach der Linie V-V in Fig. 4.
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
  • 1 shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in section through the cylinder and crankshaft axis,
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of FIG. 1 in view,
  • Figure 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 1 and
  • 5 shows a section along the line VV in Fig. 4th

Die schlitzgesteuerte Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoffeinspritzung, vorzugsweise Dieselmotor, weist ein Gehäuse auf, das aus den Teilen 1 und 2 besteht, wobei die Teilungsebene 6 senkrecht zur Kurbelwellenachse 3 und durch die Längsmitten der Pleuellager am Kolbenbolzen und am Kurbelzapfen 4 bzw. 5 verläuft. Diese Gehäuseteile sind miteinander mittels einer größeren Anzahl von Schrauben 7, die in den Gehäuseteil 2 eingeschraubt sind und den Gehäuseteil 1 durchsetzen, miteinander fest und dicht verbunden. Der Gehäuseteil 1 bildet einen Raum 8, welcher zur Aufnahme von Kraftstoff dient, dessen Spiegel 9 durch an sich bekannte hier nicht dargestellte Mittel, wie Schwimmer etc. auf eine konstante Höhe geregelt wird. Der Raum 8 ist abtriebsseitig durch die mit dem Gehäuseteil 1 über Schrauben 10 fest verbundene Lagerplatte 11 abgeschlossen.The slot-controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine with fuel injection, preferably a diesel engine, has a housing which consists of parts 1 and 2, the parting plane 6 running perpendicular to the crankshaft axis 3 and through the longitudinal centers of the connecting rod bearings on the piston pin and on the crank pin 4 and 5. These housing parts are firmly and tightly connected to one another by means of a larger number of screws 7, which are screwed into the housing part 2 and penetrate the housing part 1. The housing part 1 forms a space 8 which serves to hold fuel, the mirror 9 of which is regulated to a constant height by means not known per se, such as floats etc. The room 8 is on the output side completed by the bearing plate 11 firmly connected to the housing part 1 via screws 10.

Die Kurbelwelle 12 ist im Gehäuseteil 1 und in der Lagerplatte 11 mittels Kugellagern 13 bzw. 14 (Hauptlager) fliegend gelagert. Am freien Ende der Kurbelwelle 12 befindet sich das Gegengewicht 15, welches das Kugellager 13 mit einem Wulst 15' teilweise hintergreift. Die Umfangskonturen 16 des Gegengewichtes 15 sowie die Umfangskonturen 17 und 18 des Wulstes 15' verlaufen konzentrisch zur Kurbelwelle 3 und bilden mit den entsprechenden Wänden 19 und 20 des Gehäuseteiles 1 beim Vorbeigang Zwischenräume, die so gering als technisch möglich und ausführbar gehalten sind. In Richtung der Kurbelwellenachse 3 schließt sich an das Gegengewicht 15 der Kurbelzapfen 21 an, der einseitig über die Kurbel 22 mit der Kurbelwelle 12 verbunden ist. Der Kurbelzapfen 21 ist über das dazugehörige Lager 21' mittels des einstückigen Pleuels 23 über den Kolbenbolzen 25, der in Augen 30' am Kolben 24 gelagert ist, mit dem Kolben 24 antriebsverbunden. Der Schaft 23' des Pleuels 23 ist gegenüber der Kolben- bzw. Zylinderachse 26 exzentrisch und zwar in Richtung weg vom Kurbelwellenlager 13 versetzt ausgebildet. Die Außenkonturen 27 des Kurbelzapfenlagerauges 28 sowie die Außenkontur 29 des Kolbenbolzenlagerauges 30 des Pleuels 23 sind jeweils axial zu den Lagerachsen ausgeführt. Das ungeteilte Pleuel 23 ermöglicht durch die fliegende Kurbelwellenlagerung eine kreisrunde Pleuelgeige 23" und damit kleinstmögliche Kurbelraumabmessungen.The crankshaft 12 is overhung in the housing part 1 and in the bearing plate 11 by means of ball bearings 13 and 14 (main bearing). At the free end of the crankshaft 12 is the counterweight 15, which partially engages behind the ball bearing 13 with a bead 15 '. The circumferential contours 16 of the counterweight 15 and the circumferential contours 17 and 18 of the bead 15 'run concentrically to the crankshaft 3 and form gaps with the corresponding walls 19 and 20 of the housing part 1 as they pass, which are kept as small as technically possible and feasible. In the direction of the crankshaft axis 3, the counterweight 15 is connected to the crank pin 21, which is connected on one side to the crankshaft 12 via the crank 22. The crank pin 21 is drive-connected to the piston 24 via the associated bearing 21 'by means of the one-piece connecting rod 23 via the piston pin 25, which is mounted on the piston 24 in eyes 30'. The shaft 23 'of the connecting rod 23 is eccentric with respect to the piston or cylinder axis 26 and is offset in the direction away from the crankshaft bearing 13. The outer contours 27 of the crank pin bearing eye 28 and the outer contour 29 of the piston pin bearing eye 30 of the connecting rod 23 are each designed axially to the bearing axes. Thanks to the flying crankshaft bearing, the undivided connecting rod 23 enables a circular connecting rod violin 23 "and thus the smallest possible crankcase dimensions.

Das Kolbenhemd 24' des Kolbens 24 weist auf der Seite des Gegengewichtes 15 Ausnehmungen 31 auf, in die das Gegengewicht 15 im Bereich der unteren Totpunktlage mit geringem Spiel eintritt, siehe Fig. 3. Das Gegengewicht 15 bzw. die Kurbel 22 weist eine zur Achse des Kurbelzapfens 21 konzentrische Nut 32 auf, in welche das Kurbelzapfenlagerauge 28 eintritt. Durch diese Maßnahmen wurde es möglich, die Schadräume relativ klein zu halten.The piston skirt 24 'of the piston 24 has recesses 31 on the side of the counterweight 15, into which the counterweight 15 enters with little play in the area of the bottom dead center position, see FIG. 3. The counterweight 15 or the crank 22 has one towards the axis of the crank pin 21 concentric groove 32 into which the crank pin bearing eye 28 enters. These measures made it possible to keep the harmful areas relatively small.

Der Kolben 24 ist in der Zylinderbüchse 33 gleitbar gelagert, die ihrerseits einstückig mit dem mit Kühlrippen 34 versehenen Zylinderkopf 35 ausgebildet ist. Diese Zylinderkopf-Zylinderbüchsen-Einheit ist zwischen den beiden Gehäuseteilen 1 und 2 festgeklemmt, zu welchem Zweck die Zylinderbüchse 33 mit einem umlaufenden Flansch 36' versehen ist. Die Trennfuge zwischen dem Zylinderkopf 35 und den Gehäuseteilen 1, 2 ist mit 35' bezeichnet.The piston 24 is slidably supported in the cylinder liner 33, which in turn is integrally formed with the cylinder head 35 provided with cooling fins 34. This cylinder head-cylinder liner unit is clamped between the two housing parts 1 and 2, for which purpose the cylinder liner 33 is provided with a circumferential flange 36 '. The parting line between the cylinder head 35 and the housing parts 1, 2 is designated 35 '.

Die Zylinderbüchse 33 weist Einlaßschlitze 36 für die im Kurbelraum 40 verdichtete Luft und Auslaßschlitze 37 für die Verbrennungsgase auf, die beide vom Kolben 24 gesteuert werden. Im Bereich 33' der Zylinderbüchse 33 befinden sich keine Spülschlitze,weil das Kolbenhemd 24' in diesem Bereich die Ausnehmungen 31 aufweist. Die Einlaßschlitze 36 werden aus einem Raum 38 gespeist, der seinerseits mit den zumindest im Gehäuseteil 2 im Bereich der Teilungsebene 6 angeordneten Überströmkanälen 39 mit dem Kurbelraum 40 in Strömungsverbindung steht. Diese Ausführung der überströmkanäle 39 hat unter anderem auch den Vorteil daß diese kernlos form- und gießbar sind. Die Auslaßschlitze 37 sind über einen Auslaßkanal 41 mit der schalldämpfend wirkenden Auspuffeinrichtung 42 in Strömungsverbindung, welche ihrerseits mittels der Schrauben 43 am Gehäuseteil 1 befestigt ist und den Auslaßstutzen 44 aufweist.The cylinder liner 33 has inlet slots 36 for the air compressed in the crank chamber 40 and outlet slots 37 for the combustion gases, both of which are controlled by the piston 24. There are no flushing slots in the area 33 'of the cylinder liner 33 because the piston skirt 24' has the recesses 31 in this area. The inlet slots 36 are fed from a space 38, which in turn is in flow connection with the overflow channels 39 arranged at least in the housing part 2 in the region of the dividing plane 6 with the crank chamber 40. This design of the overflow channels 39 has, inter alia, the advantage that they can be shaped and cast without a core. The outlet slots 37 are in flow communication via an outlet duct 41 with the sound-absorbing exhaust device 42, which in turn is fastened to the housing part 1 by means of the screws 43 and has the outlet port 44.

Abtriebsseitig ist u. a. ein Kühlgebläse 45 vorgesehen, das mittels der zentralen Schraube 46 mit der Kurbelwelle 12 fest verbunden ist. Die Kühlluft wird über eine Verbindungsleitung 47 den Kühlrippen 34 zugeführt, zu welchem Zweck letztere eine Ummantelung aufweisen, die teilweise von einem Schalenteil 48 und teilweise von der Innenwand 49 des Kraftstofftanks 50 gebildet wird.On the output side, a. a cooling fan 45 is provided which is fixedly connected to the crankshaft 12 by means of the central screw 46. The cooling air is fed via a connecting line 47 to the cooling fins 34, for which purpose the latter have a casing which is partly formed by a shell part 48 and partly by the inner wall 49 of the fuel tank 50.

Dem im Kolben 24 angeordneten Brennraum 51 wird Kraftstoff über die Düse 52 zugeführt und zwar über die Einspritzleitung 53, die mit der im Detail nicht dargestellten Einspritzpumpe 54 verbunden ist. Der Nocken 55 der Einspritzpumpe sitzt auf der Kurbelwelle 12 und ist mit dieser drehfest verbunden. Die Schmierung des Einspritznockens 55 erfolgt über ein endloses Band 56 aus flexiblem Material, welches an der Kurbelwelle 12 aufgehängt ist, von dieser mitgenommen wird und unter den Kraftstoffspiegel 9 eintaucht. Die Schmierung der Triebwerksteile erfolgt über eine hier nicht näher zu beschreibende Einrichtung 57, welcher Kraftstoff über die abgewinkelte Leitung 58 zugeführt wird. Diese Schmiereinrichtung steht mit der über das Luftfilter 59 ausströmenden Ansaugluft in Verbindung.Fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 51 arranged in the piston 24 via the nozzle 52, specifically via the injection line 53, which is connected to the injection pump 54, which is not shown in detail. The cam 55 of the injection pump sits on the crankshaft 12 and is connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner. The injection cam 55 is lubricated via an endless belt 56 made of flexible material, which is suspended on the crankshaft 12, is carried by the latter and is immersed under the fuel level 9. The lubrication of the engine parts takes place via a device 57, which is not described in detail here and to which fuel is supplied via the angled line 58. This lubrication device is connected to the intake air flowing out via the air filter 59.

Claims (4)

1. Einzylinder-Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Kurbelkastenspülung, mit einem den Kurbeltrieb samt Gegengewicht mit geringen Zwischenräumen umschließenden, den Zylinder tragenden Kurbelgehäuse und einem im Zylinder geführten, über ein Pleuel mit einer im Kurbelgehäuse gelagerten Kurbelwelle in Verbindung stehenden Kolben, der in der Zylinderwand angeordnete Spülschlitze steuert, wobei die Kurbelwelle einseitig fliegend gelagert ist und das einzige Gegengewicht zwischen Kurbelzapfenlager des Pleuels und pleuelseitigem Kurbelwellenhauptlager angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kolbenhemd (24') auf der Seite des Gegengewichtes Ausnehmungen (31) aufweist, die das Gegengewicht im Bereich des unteren Kolbentotpunktes eng umschließen, und daß der mit den Ausnehmungen des Kolbenhemdes (24') zusammenwirkende Umfangsbereich (33') der Zylinderbüchse (33) frei von Spülschlitzen (36, 37) ist.1.Single-cylinder, two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase purging, with a crankcase enclosing the crank mechanism and counterweight with small gaps, and a cylinder guided in the cylinder and connected via a connecting rod to a crankshaft mounted in the crankcase, the piston arranged in the cylinder wall Flushing slots controls, the crankshaft is floating on one side and the only counterweight is arranged between the crankpin bearing of the connecting rod and the connecting rod-side crankshaft main bearing, characterized in that the piston skirt (24 ') on the side of the counterweight has recesses (31) which the counterweight in the area of the lower piston dead center and that the circumferential area (33 ') of the cylinder liner (33) cooperating with the recesses of the piston skirt (24') is free of flushing slots (36, 37). 2. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausnehmungen (31) im Kolbenhemd (24') im wesentlichen bis zu den Augen (30) für den Kolbenbolzen (25) hochgezogen sind.2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (31) in the piston skirt (24 ') are drawn up substantially to the eyes (30) for the piston pin (25). 3. Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pleuel (23) einen Schaft (23') aufweist, der in bezug auf eine senkrecht zur Kurbelwellenschse (3) liegende und durch die Längsmitten (4 bzw.5) der Lager am Kurbelzapfen (21) sowie am Kolbenbolzen (25) gehende Ebene (6) in Richtung weg vom Kurbelwellenhauptlager (13, 14) versetzt ausgebildet ist und daß das Gegengewicht (15) bzw. die Kurbel (22) eine zum Kurbelzapfen (21) konzentrische Ausnehmung (32) für den Vorbeigang des Pleuels (23) im Bereich des unteren Kolbentotpunktes aufweist.3. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting rod (23) has a shaft (23 ') with respect to a perpendicular to the crankshaft sleeve (3) and through the longitudinal centers (4 or 5) of the bearings on the crank pin (21) and on the piston pin (25) going plane (6) in the direction away from the main crankshaft bearing (13, 14) is offset and that the counterweight (15) or the crank (22) is concentric with the crank pin (21) Has recess (32) for the passage of the connecting rod (23) in the region of the lower piston dead center. 4. Brennkraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Pleuel (23) einteilig und im Bereich seines Lagers (21') am Kurbelzapfen (21) im wesentlichen mit zum Kurbelzapfen koaxialer etwa zylindrischer Außenkontur (27) ausgebildet ist.4. Internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 3, there characterized in that the connecting rod (23) is formed in one piece and in the region of its bearing (21 ') on the crank pin (21) essentially with an outer contour (27) which is approximately cylindrical and coaxial with the crank pin.
EP19860890187 1985-07-25 1986-06-19 Single cylinder internal-combustion engine with crankcase scavenging Expired EP0210976B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT221485A AT395636B (en) 1985-07-25 1985-07-25 SINGLE-CYLINDER, TWO-STOCK COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CRANKCASE RINSE
AT2214/85 1985-07-25

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EP0210976A2 true EP0210976A2 (en) 1987-02-04
EP0210976A3 EP0210976A3 (en) 1988-03-02
EP0210976B1 EP0210976B1 (en) 1989-08-30

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DE (1) DE3665347D1 (en)

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CN104314683B (en) * 2014-09-25 2017-02-01 重庆特飞航空动力科技有限公司 Improved single-cylinder two-stroke water-cooled engine
WO2023012334A1 (en) 2021-08-06 2023-02-09 Innovacell Ag Myogenic progenitor cells for use in an optimized method for the prevention and treatment of anal incontinence

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386429A (en) * 1966-07-11 1968-06-04 Earl M. Trammell Jr. Internal combustion engine
DE3108519A1 (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-23 Helmut Bernhardt Gmbh & Co Kg, 8354 Metten MODEL ENGINE

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB714619A (en) * 1952-01-21 1954-09-01 William Thomas Teagle Improvements in or relating to two-stroke single cylinder internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386429A (en) * 1966-07-11 1968-06-04 Earl M. Trammell Jr. Internal combustion engine
DE3108519A1 (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-23 Helmut Bernhardt Gmbh & Co Kg, 8354 Metten MODEL ENGINE

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AT395636B (en) 1993-02-25
EP0210976B1 (en) 1989-08-30
ATA221485A (en) 1992-06-15
EP0210976A3 (en) 1988-03-02
DE3665347D1 (en) 1989-10-05

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