EP0064726B1 - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0064726B1
EP0064726B1 EP82103923A EP82103923A EP0064726B1 EP 0064726 B1 EP0064726 B1 EP 0064726B1 EP 82103923 A EP82103923 A EP 82103923A EP 82103923 A EP82103923 A EP 82103923A EP 0064726 B1 EP0064726 B1 EP 0064726B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
combustion engine
internal combustion
engine according
foot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP82103923A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0064726A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Arendt
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19813118566 external-priority patent/DE3118566C2/en
Priority claimed from DE19823208249 external-priority patent/DE3208249A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82103923T priority Critical patent/ATE14602T1/en
Publication of EP0064726A1 publication Critical patent/EP0064726A1/en
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Publication of EP0064726B1 publication Critical patent/EP0064726B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01BMACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/062Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01BMACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/06Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/32Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01BMACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/06Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces
    • F01B2009/061Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft the piston motion being transmitted by curved surfaces by cams
    • F01B2009/066Tri-lobe cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with at least one reciprocating piston, in which rollers are mounted on the piston foot, which are immersed in control cams, which are formed in at least one control disk connected non-rotatably to an output shaft, and in which the output shaft is provided with a closed circumferential curve to which the Piston foot acts on a roller.
  • the counterbalanced radial piston motor has the disadvantage that its pistons can only perform a small piston stroke, which is determined by the radial difference between the highest cam positions and the lowest points of the cam valleys lying between the individual cams.
  • Another disadvantage is the staggered arrangement of the rollers on the piston foot intended for power transmission and for the forced control of the pistons, which requires the formation of separate control cams for the two roller sets and complicates the overall structure of the engine.
  • the invention has for its object to design an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be made structurally simpler and provides greater efficiency.
  • the circumferential curve has the shape of a narrow web with rounded ends and the control curve runs parallel to the circumferential curve and the rollers are arranged coaxially to the roller of the piston foot.
  • the same control curve shape for the roller provided for the power transmission to the narrow web forming the circumferential curve and for the rollers used for the positive control of the pistons which are important in the two-stroke engine design of the internal combustion engine for the starting area of the engine and in overrun operation of the engine, facilitate the manufacture of the Engine crucial.
  • a simple plug connection between the individual parts can be created in that the narrow web forming the circumferential curve can protrude on the face side into a corresponding recess in the control disks that can be pushed over the ends of the output shaft.
  • the narrow web forming the closed circumferential curve with its rounded ends has two straight longitudinal sides, on which the rollers are on their way from the top dead center of the piston, in which they are each located on one of the rounded ends of the web, towards the lower Move dead center and from bottom dead center back to top dead center.
  • the piston also has a large stroke, which is important for the efficiency of the internal combustion engine, because of the favorable relationship between the length of the web and the thickness of the web.
  • the internal combustion engine can have a plurality of cylinders distributed uniformly over the circumference of the shaft, that is to say in a star shape, without the shape of the closed circumferential curve, ie the shape of the narrow web with its rounded ends, having to be changed thereby.
  • An internal combustion engine designed according to the invention can also be built very compactly as a miniature motor and can be manufactured inexpensively.
  • a major advantage is that the internal combustion engine can be designed both as a two-stroke engine and as a four-stroke engine and is suitable for any fuel.
  • the pistons do not have to be arranged in a star shape in one plane, but could also be distributed over different parallel planes, in each of which a closed circumferential curve is formed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cylinder body 10 provided on the outside with cooling fins 10.1, which is placed on a shaft housing 11.
  • the cylinder body 10 is closed at its outer end by a cylinder head 12 which has a central threaded bore 12.1 for inserting a spark plug.
  • the cylinder chamber 14 is closed by a cover 15 which is designed as a bearing body for a guide rod 18 connected to the piston 17 and has a central through-bore for this guide rod 18.
  • the guide rod 18 is connected to the piston 17 via a joint 16.
  • the guide rod 18 is provided with a ball-bearing roller 20, which is freely rotatable on a shaft 19 which extends between two fork arms 18.1 of the guide rod.
  • the guide rod 18 projects with its roller 20 through a lateral opening into the shaft housing 11 and bears against a circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25.
  • the output shaft 25 is supported by ball bearings 26 in the end walls of the shaft housing 11, of which at least one end wall is designed as a cover which can be removed for installing the shaft and its associated parts.
  • the cylinder body 10 is connected to the shaft housing 11 in a manner not shown via an annular intermediate body 27 and rests with its cover 15 on this intermediate body 27.
  • the circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25 of the internal combustion engine is a narrow web.
  • Circumferential curve section 25.1 and output shaft 25 are made from one piece.
  • identical control disks 21 are pushed onto the output shaft 25 in mirror image.
  • These control disks 21 are shown in section in FIG. 1 and in plan view in FIG. 3.
  • the control disks 21 have a central plug-in groove 22 which corresponds to the cross section of the circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25 and into which the ends of the circumferential curve section 25.1 protrude as shown in FIG. 1 and create a positive driving connection.
  • a control groove 23 is incorporated into each control disk, which runs exactly parallel to the circumferential curve U (FIG. 2) of the circumferential curve section 25.1 and into which the ends of the shaft 19 of the roller 20 projecting beyond the fork arms 18.1 of the guide rod 18 protrude as drivers.
  • 19 rollers can be arranged on the ends of the shaft, which roll in the control groove 23.
  • a flywheel 24 is also arranged on the output shaft 25 and the output shaft 25 is provided with a pinion 28 on both ends projecting from the shaft housing 11.
  • the device for supplying the fuel and removing the exhaust gases is not shown in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 4 provides information on this.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cylinder housing 10 'of an internal combustion engine designed as a two-stroke engine according to the invention.
  • the basic structure of the cylinder housing 10 ' is similar to that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, which is why the same parts are designated with the same reference numbers, supplemented by an index line.
  • a spark plug 13 is screwed into the cylinder head 12 '.
  • the central through opening for the guide rod 18' of the piston 17 ' is provided with a lubricated slide bearing bush 30.
  • two rollers 20 ' are mounted on the shaft 19'.
  • the ends 19.1 of the shaft 19 ' are fitted with ball bearings 31 which plunge into the control grooves of the control disks, not shown.
  • An inlet slot 32 and an outlet slot 33 are machined into the cylinder wall.
  • the inlet slot 32 for the internal combustion engine feed opens into the lower half of the cylinder chamber 14 'as seen from the spark plug 13, while the outlet slot 33 for the combustion gases opens into the upper half of the cylinder chamber 14'.
  • overflow channels 34 are formed in the wall of the cylinder body 10 '.
  • the piston 17 ′ In the upper end position of the piston 17 ′ shown in FIG. 4, it closes the outlet slot 33 and completely clears the inlet slot 32. During the downward movement of the piston 17 ', the piston closes the inlet slot 32 and later first releases the outlet slot 33 and then then the overflow channels 34. After the combustion gases have flowed out through the outlet slot 33, the fresh gas sucked through the inlet slot 32 into the lower cylinder space and then pre-compressed can then flow into the upper cylinder space. When the piston 17 'moves upward, the overflow channels 34 are closed first and then the outlet slot 33, and a negative pressure is built up in the lower cylinder space. Shortly before reaching the upper end position of the piston 17 'shown in FIG. 4, the inlet slot 32 is released by the piston 17', so that fresh gas can flow into the lower cylinder space. The fresh gas flowing directly into the lower cylinder space advantageously cools the piston 17 'and the cylinder body 10'.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brennkraftmotor mit mindestens einem Hubkolben, bei welchem am Kolbenfuß Rollen gelagert sind, die in Steuerkurven eintauchen, die in mindestens einer drehfest mit einer Abtriebswelle verbundenen Steuerscheibe ausgebildet sind und bei welchem die Abtriebswelle mit einer geschlossenen Umfangskurve versehen ist, auf welche der Kolbenfuß über eine Laufrolle einwirkt.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with at least one reciprocating piston, in which rollers are mounted on the piston foot, which are immersed in control cams, which are formed in at least one control disk connected non-rotatably to an output shaft, and in which the output shaft is provided with a closed circumferential curve to which the Piston foot acts on a roller.

Ein Brennkraftmotor mit den vorstehend genannten Merkmalen ist durch die US-A 35 72 209 bekannt. Bei diesem Motor sind fünf sternförmig angeordnete Zylinder vorgesehen. Die geschlossene Umfangskurve, auf welche jeder Kolbenfuß mit zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Rollen einwirkt, wird von einem mit der Abtriebswelle drehfest verbundenen Nockenstern mit vier Einzelnocken und dazwischenliegenden Nockentälern gebildet. Die in die Steuerkurven der beidseitig des Nockensternes angeordneten Steuerscheiben eingreifenden Rollen sind an den Kolbenfüßen versetzt zu den auf die Umfangskurve einwirkenden Rollen angeordnet, und die Steuerkurve weicht in ihrer Form in den Bereichen zwischen den höchsten und tiefsten Stellen des Nockensternes von der Form der Umfangskurve ab.An internal combustion engine with the features mentioned above is known from US-A 35 72 209. This engine has five cylinders arranged in a star shape. The closed circumferential curve, on which each piston foot acts with two rollers arranged parallel to one another, is formed by a cam star with four individual cams and cam troughs connected in rotation with the output shaft. The rollers engaging in the control curves of the control disks arranged on both sides of the cam star are offset on the piston feet from the rollers acting on the circumferential curve, and the shape of the control curve deviates from the shape of the circumferential curve in the regions between the highest and lowest points of the cam star .

Der entgegengehaltene Radialkolbenmotor hat den Nachteil, daß seine Kolben nur einen geringen Kolbenhub ausführen können, der durch die Radialdifferenz zwischen den höchsten Nockenstellen und den tiefsten Stellen der zwischen den einzelnen Nocken liegenden Nokkentäler bestimmt ist. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die versetzte Anordnung der zur Kraftübertragung und der zur Zwangssteuerung der Kolben vorgesehenen Rollen am Kolbenfuß, welche die Ausbildung gesonderter Steuerkurven für die beiden Rollensätze bedingt und den Gesamtaufbau des Motors verkompliziert.The counterbalanced radial piston motor has the disadvantage that its pistons can only perform a small piston stroke, which is determined by the radial difference between the highest cam positions and the lowest points of the cam valleys lying between the individual cams. Another disadvantage is the staggered arrangement of the rollers on the piston foot intended for power transmission and for the forced control of the pistons, which requires the formation of separate control cams for the two roller sets and complicates the overall structure of the engine.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Brennkraftmotor der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß er sich konstruktiv einfacher gestalten läßt und einen größeren Wirkungsgrad erbringt.The invention has for its object to design an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be made structurally simpler and provides greater efficiency.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Umfangskurve die Form eines schmalen Steges mit abgerundeten Enden hat und die Steuerkurve parallel zur Umfangskurve verläuft und die Rollen koaxial zur Laufrolle des Kolbenfußes angeordnet sind. Die gleiche Steuerkurvenform für die zur Kraftübertragung auf den die Umfangskurve bildenden schmalen Steg vorgesehenen Rolle und für die zur Zwangssteuerung der Kolben dienenden Rollen, die bei der Zweitaktmotorausführung des Brennkraftmotors für den Anlaufbereich des Motors und im Schubbetrieb des Motors von Bedeutung sind, erleichtert die Herstellung des Motors entscheidend. Hierbei läßt sich eine einfache Steckverbindung zwischen den einzelnen Teilen dadurch schaffen, daß der die Umfangskurve bildende schmale Steg stirnseitig jeweils in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung der über die Enden der Abtriebswelle aufschiebbaren Steuerscheiben ragen kann.The object is achieved in that the circumferential curve has the shape of a narrow web with rounded ends and the control curve runs parallel to the circumferential curve and the rollers are arranged coaxially to the roller of the piston foot. The same control curve shape for the roller provided for the power transmission to the narrow web forming the circumferential curve and for the rollers used for the positive control of the pistons, which are important in the two-stroke engine design of the internal combustion engine for the starting area of the engine and in overrun operation of the engine, facilitate the manufacture of the Engine crucial. Here, a simple plug connection between the individual parts can be created in that the narrow web forming the circumferential curve can protrude on the face side into a corresponding recess in the control disks that can be pushed over the ends of the output shaft.

Der die geschlossene Umfangskurve bildende schmale Steg mit seinen abgerundeten Enden weist zwei geradlinige Längsseiten auf, auf denen die Laufrollen sich auf ihrem Weg vom oberen Totpunkt des Kolbens, in welchem sie sich jeweils auf einem der abgerundeten Enden des Steges befinden, in Richtung auf den unteren Totpunkt und vom unteren Totpunkt zurück zum oberen Totpunkt bewegen. Durch diese geradlinigen Abschnitte der geschlossenen Kurve U wird erreicht, daß der Kolben im unteren Totpunkt relativ lange verweilt, was den Vorteil ergibt, daß auch bei sehr hohen Drehzahlen eine gute Befüllung des Verbrennungsraumes des Zylinders erreicht wird. Der Kolben hat außerdem wegen des günstigen Verhältnisses zwischen Steglänge und Stegdicke einen und für den Wirkungsgrad des Brennkraftmotors wichtigen großen Hub. Der Brennkraftmotor kann mehrere, gleichmäßig über den Umfang der Welle, also sternförmig verteilte Zylinder aufweisen, ohne daß dadurch die Form der geschlossenen Umfangskurve, also die Form des schmalen Steges mit seinen abgerundeten Enden, geändert werden müßte.The narrow web forming the closed circumferential curve with its rounded ends has two straight longitudinal sides, on which the rollers are on their way from the top dead center of the piston, in which they are each located on one of the rounded ends of the web, towards the lower Move dead center and from bottom dead center back to top dead center. Through these straight-line sections of the closed curve U it is achieved that the piston remains at bottom dead center for a relatively long time, which gives the advantage that good filling of the combustion chamber of the cylinder is achieved even at very high speeds. The piston also has a large stroke, which is important for the efficiency of the internal combustion engine, because of the favorable relationship between the length of the web and the thickness of the web. The internal combustion engine can have a plurality of cylinders distributed uniformly over the circumference of the shaft, that is to say in a star shape, without the shape of the closed circumferential curve, ie the shape of the narrow web with its rounded ends, having to be changed thereby.

Eine weitere Vereinfachung des Aufbaus, verbunden mit einer Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit des Brennkraftmotors wird durch die in den Unteransprüchen 4 bis 6 aufgeführten Merkmale erreicht. Die zusätzliche Führung des Kolbenfußes in einem den Zylinderraum nach außen abschließenden Deckel, die bei bestimmten Motorausführungen vorgenommen werden kann, entlastet die Zylinderwandungen in einer Führungsfunktion für den Kolben. Außerdem läßt sich die Kraftstoffeingabe und die Abführung der Verbrennungsgase einfach über Schlitze und Überströmkanäle steuern.A further simplification of the structure, combined with an increase in the operational safety of the internal combustion engine, is achieved by the features listed in subclaims 4 to 6. The additional guidance of the piston foot in a cover that closes off the cylinder space, which can be carried out on certain engine designs, relieves the cylinder walls in a guiding function for the piston. In addition, the fuel input and the discharge of the combustion gases can be easily controlled via slots and overflow channels.

Eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Brennkraftmaschine läßt sich sehr kompakt auch als Kleinstmotor bauen und preiswert herstellen. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil ist, daß der Brennkraftmotor sowohl als Zweitaktmotor als auch als Viertaktmotor ausgebildet werden kann und für beliebige Brennstoffe geeignet ist. Bei der Verwendung mehrerer Kolben müssen die Kolben nicht sternförmig in einer Ebene angeordnet werden, sondern könnten auch auf verschiedene parallele Ebenen, in denen jeweils eine geschlossene Umfangskurve ausgebildet ist, verteilt sein.An internal combustion engine designed according to the invention can also be built very compactly as a miniature motor and can be manufactured inexpensively. A major advantage is that the internal combustion engine can be designed both as a two-stroke engine and as a four-stroke engine and is suitable for any fuel. When using several pistons, the pistons do not have to be arranged in a star shape in one plane, but could also be distributed over different parallel planes, in each of which a closed circumferential curve is formed.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Brennkraftmotors anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigt

  • Fig. 1 einen schematisierten Querschnitt durch einen Einkolben-Brennkraftmotor gemäß der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 einen Teilschnitt durch den Motor quer zur Abtriebswelle entlang der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt durch den Motor quer zur Antriebswelle entlang der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinderteil einer etwas abgewandelten Ausführungsform eines Brennkraftmotors.
An exemplary embodiment of an internal combustion engine designed according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In detail shows
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross section through a single-piston internal combustion engine according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a partial section through the motor transverse to the output shaft along the line 11-11 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a partial section across the engine to the drive shaft along the line 111-111 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the cylinder part of a somewhat modified embodiment of an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen außen mit Kühlrippen 10.1 versehenen Zylinderkörper 10, der auf ein Wellengehäuse 11 aufgesetzt ist. Der Zylinderkörper 10 ist an seinem äußeren Ende durch einen Zylinderkopf 12 verschlossen, der eine zentrale Gewindebohrung 12.1 zum Einsetzen einer Zündkerze aufweist. Am anderen Ende des Zylinderkörpers 10 ist der Zylinderraum 14 durch einen Dekkel 15 verschlossen, der als Lagerkörper für eine mit dem Kolben 17 verbundene Führungsstange 18 ausgebildet ist und eine zentrale Durchgangsbohrung für diese Führungsstange 18 aufweist. Die Führungsstange 18 ist beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit dem Kolben 17 über ein Gelenk 16 verbunden. An ihrem außerhalb des Deckels 15 liegenden Ende ist die Führungsstange 18 mit einer kugelgelagerten Laufrolle 20 versehen, die frei drehbar auf einer Welle 19 angeordnet ist, die sich zwischen zwei Gabelarmen 18.1 der Führungsstange erstreckt.1 shows a cylinder body 10 provided on the outside with cooling fins 10.1, which is placed on a shaft housing 11. The cylinder body 10 is closed at its outer end by a cylinder head 12 which has a central threaded bore 12.1 for inserting a spark plug. At the other end of the cylinder body 10, the cylinder chamber 14 is closed by a cover 15 which is designed as a bearing body for a guide rod 18 connected to the piston 17 and has a central through-bore for this guide rod 18. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the guide rod 18 is connected to the piston 17 via a joint 16. At its end lying outside the cover 15, the guide rod 18 is provided with a ball-bearing roller 20, which is freely rotatable on a shaft 19 which extends between two fork arms 18.1 of the guide rod.

Die Führungsstange 18 ragt mit ihrer Laufrolle 20 durch eine seitliche Öffnung in das Wellengehäuse 11 hinein und liegt dort gegen einen Umfangskurvenabschnitt 25.1 der Abtriebswelle 25 an. Die Abtriebswelle 25 ist über Kugellager 26 in den Stirnwandungen des Wellengehäuses 11 gelagert, von denen mindestens eine Stirnwandung als zum Einbau der Welle und ihrer zugehörigen Teile abnehmbarer Deckel ausgebildet ist. Der Zylinderkörper 10 ist über einen ringartigen Zwischenkörper 27 in nicht näher dargestellter Weise mit dem Wellengehäuse 11 verbunden und ruht mit seinem Deckel 15 auf diesem zwischenkörper 27.The guide rod 18 projects with its roller 20 through a lateral opening into the shaft housing 11 and bears against a circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25. The output shaft 25 is supported by ball bearings 26 in the end walls of the shaft housing 11, of which at least one end wall is designed as a cover which can be removed for installing the shaft and its associated parts. The cylinder body 10 is connected to the shaft housing 11 in a manner not shown via an annular intermediate body 27 and rests with its cover 15 on this intermediate body 27.

Wie das Schnittbild der Fig. 2 zeigt, ist der Umfangskurvenabschnitt 25.1 der Abtriebswelle 25 des Brennkraftmotors ein schmaler Steg. Umfangskurvenabschnitt 25.1 und Abtriebswelle 25 sind aus einem Stück gearbeitet. Auf beiden Seiten des Umfangskurvenabschnittes 25.1 sind gleiche Steuerscheiben 21 spiegelbildlich auf die Abtriebswelle 25 aufgeschoben. Diese Steuerscheiben 21 sind in Fig. 1 im Schnitt und in Fig. 3 in Draufsicht dargestellt. Die Steuerscheiben 21 weisen eine zentrale Stecknut 22 auf, die dem Querschnitt des Umfangskurvenabschnittes 25.1 der Abtriebswelle 25 entspricht und in weiche gemäß Fig. 1 die Enden des Umfangskurvenabschnittes 25.1 ragen und eine formschlüssige Mitnahmeverbindung schaffen. In jede Steuerscheibe ist eine Steuernut 23 eingearbeitet, die genau parallel zur Umfangskurve U (Fig. 2) des Umfangskurvenabschnittes 25.1 verläuft und in welche die über die Gabelarme 18.1 der Führungsstange 18 überstehenden Enden der Welle 19 der Laufrolle 20 als Mitnehmer ragen. Wie in Fig. 3 angedeutet ist, können auf den Enden der Welle 19 Laufrollen angeordnet sein, die in der Steuernut 23 abrollen.As the sectional view of FIG. 2 shows, the circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25 of the internal combustion engine is a narrow web. Circumferential curve section 25.1 and output shaft 25 are made from one piece. On both sides of the circumferential curve section 25.1, identical control disks 21 are pushed onto the output shaft 25 in mirror image. These control disks 21 are shown in section in FIG. 1 and in plan view in FIG. 3. The control disks 21 have a central plug-in groove 22 which corresponds to the cross section of the circumferential curve section 25.1 of the output shaft 25 and into which the ends of the circumferential curve section 25.1 protrude as shown in FIG. 1 and create a positive driving connection. A control groove 23 is incorporated into each control disk, which runs exactly parallel to the circumferential curve U (FIG. 2) of the circumferential curve section 25.1 and into which the ends of the shaft 19 of the roller 20 projecting beyond the fork arms 18.1 of the guide rod 18 protrude as drivers. As indicated in Fig. 3, 19 rollers can be arranged on the ends of the shaft, which roll in the control groove 23.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 ist auf der Abtriebswelle 25 noch eine Schwungscheibe 24 angeordnet und ist die Abtriebswelle 25 an beiden aus dem Wellengehäuse 11 herausragenden Enden mit einem Zahnritzel 28 versehen. Die Einrichtung für die Zufuhr des Brennstoffes und die Abfuhr der Abgase ist in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellt. Hierzu gibt Fig. 4 Hinweise.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, a flywheel 24 is also arranged on the output shaft 25 and the output shaft 25 is provided with a pinion 28 on both ends projecting from the shaft housing 11. The device for supplying the fuel and removing the exhaust gases is not shown in FIG. 1. Fig. 4 provides information on this.

Fig. 4 zeigt das Zylindergehäuse 10' eines als Zweitaktmotor ausgebildeten Brennkraftmotors gemäß der Erfindung. Der Grundaufbau des Zylindergehäuses 10' ist ähnlich wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1, weshalb gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern, ergänzt durch einen Indexstrich, bezeichnet sind. In den Zylinderkopf 12' ist eine Zündkerze 13 eingeschraubt. Im Dekkel 15' ist die zentrale Durchgangsöffnung für die Führungsstange 18' des Kolbens 17' mit einer geschmierten Gleitlagerbuchse 30 versehen. Am außerhalb des Zylinderkörpers 10' gelegten Ende der Führungsstange 18' sind zwei Laufrollen 20' auf der Welle 19' gelagert. Die Enden 19.1 der Welle 19' sind mit Kugellagern 31 besetzt, welche in die Steuernuten der nicht dargestellten Steuerscheiben eintauchen.4 shows the cylinder housing 10 'of an internal combustion engine designed as a two-stroke engine according to the invention. The basic structure of the cylinder housing 10 'is similar to that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, which is why the same parts are designated with the same reference numbers, supplemented by an index line. A spark plug 13 is screwed into the cylinder head 12 '. In the cover 15 ', the central through opening for the guide rod 18' of the piston 17 'is provided with a lubricated slide bearing bush 30. At the end of the guide rod 18 'placed outside the cylinder body 10', two rollers 20 'are mounted on the shaft 19'. The ends 19.1 of the shaft 19 'are fitted with ball bearings 31 which plunge into the control grooves of the control disks, not shown.

In die Zylinderwandung sind ein Einlaßschlitz 32 und ein Auslaßschlitz 33 eingearbeitet. Der Einlaßschlitz 32 für die Brennkraftzufuhr mündet in die von der Zündkerze 13 aus gesehen untere Hälfte des Zylinderraumes 14', während der Auslaßschlitz 33 für die Verbrennungsgase in die obere Hälfte des Zylinderraumes 14' mündet. Außerdem sind in der Wandung des Zylinderkörpers 10' Überströmkanäle 34 ausgebildet.An inlet slot 32 and an outlet slot 33 are machined into the cylinder wall. The inlet slot 32 for the internal combustion engine feed opens into the lower half of the cylinder chamber 14 'as seen from the spark plug 13, while the outlet slot 33 for the combustion gases opens into the upper half of the cylinder chamber 14'. In addition, overflow channels 34 are formed in the wall of the cylinder body 10 '.

In der in Fig. 4 dargestellten oberen Endstellung des Kolbens 17' verschließt er den Auslaßschlitz 33 und gibt den Einlaßschlitz 32 völlig frei. Bei der Abwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 17' schließt der Kolben den Einlaßschlitz 32 und gibt später zuerst den Auslaßschlitz 33 und anschließend dann die Überströmkanäle 34 frei. Nach dem Ausströmen der Verbrennungsgase durch den Auslaßschlitz 33 kann dann das durch den Einlaßschlitz 32 in den unteren Zylinderraum angesaugte und anschließend vorkomprimierte Frischgas in den oberen Zylinderraum überströmen. Bei der Aufwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 17' werden zuerst die Überströmkanäle 34 und anschließend der Auslaßschlitz 33 verschlossen, und im unteren Zylinderraum wird ein Unterdruck aufgebaut. Kurz vor Erreichen der aus Fig. 4 ersichtlichen oberen Endstellung des Kolbens 17' wird vom Kolben 17' der Einlaßschlitz 32 freigegeben, so daß Frischgas in den unteren Zylinderraum einströmen kann. Das direkt in den unteren Zylinderraum einströmende Frischgas bewirkt eine vorteilhafte Abkühlung des Kolbens 17' und des Zylinderkörpers 10'.In the upper end position of the piston 17 ′ shown in FIG. 4, it closes the outlet slot 33 and completely clears the inlet slot 32. During the downward movement of the piston 17 ', the piston closes the inlet slot 32 and later first releases the outlet slot 33 and then then the overflow channels 34. After the combustion gases have flowed out through the outlet slot 33, the fresh gas sucked through the inlet slot 32 into the lower cylinder space and then pre-compressed can then flow into the upper cylinder space. When the piston 17 'moves upward, the overflow channels 34 are closed first and then the outlet slot 33, and a negative pressure is built up in the lower cylinder space. Shortly before reaching the upper end position of the piston 17 'shown in FIG. 4, the inlet slot 32 is released by the piston 17', so that fresh gas can flow into the lower cylinder space. The fresh gas flowing directly into the lower cylinder space advantageously cools the piston 17 'and the cylinder body 10'.

Claims (6)

1. An internal combustion engine having at least one reciprocating piston, in which mounted on the piston foot (18) are rollers (31) which engage into guide curves (23) which are fashioned in at least one control disc (21) connected in a torsionallyfast manner to a power-take-off shaft (25) and in which the power-take-off shaft (25) is provided with a closed peripheral curve (U) on which the piston foot (18) acts by way of a roller (20), characterised in that the peripheral curve (U) has the form of a narrow web (25.1) with rounded ends and the guide curve (23) extends parallel to the peripheral curve (U) and the rollers (31) are arranged coaxially with the roller (20) of the piston foot (18).
2. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the narrow web (25.1) providing the peripheral curve (U) projects frontally in each case into an appropriate recess (22) of the control discs (21) which can be pushed over the ends of the power-take-off shaft (25).
3. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that each of the end faces, gacing the piston foot (18), of the control discs (21) forms al lateral guidance surface for the piston foot (18).
4. An internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the piston foot is designed as a guide rod (18) which is guided in a cover (15) which outwardly closes off the cylinder chamber (14).
5. An internal combustion engine according to Claim 4, characterised in that a positively lubricated sliding bearing bush (30), for guiding of the piston foot designed as a guide rod (18), is arranged in the cover (15).
6. An internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the cylinder (10) is provided in its outwardly closed- off cylinder chamber (14) in its rear half relative to the ignition point with at least one inlet port (32) which is uncovered progressively by the piston (17') and in its front half relative to the ignition port with at least one outlet port (33) which is uncovered progressively by the piston (17') as well as with at least one overflow duct (34) which emanates from the rear half and which over a limited region of the piston path creates a connection between the cylinder chamber (14') present behind the piston (17') and the cylinder chamber (14') present in front of the piston (17').
EP82103923A 1981-05-11 1982-05-06 Internal-combustion engine Expired EP0064726B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82103923T ATE14602T1 (en) 1981-05-11 1982-05-06 FUEL ENGINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813118566 DE3118566C2 (en) 1981-05-11 1981-05-11 Internal combustion engine
DE3118566 1981-05-11
DE3208249 1982-03-08
DE19823208249 DE3208249A1 (en) 1982-03-08 1982-03-08 Internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

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EP0064726A1 EP0064726A1 (en) 1982-11-17
EP0064726B1 true EP0064726B1 (en) 1985-07-31

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EP82103923A Expired EP0064726B1 (en) 1981-05-11 1982-05-06 Internal-combustion engine

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FR2679604B1 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-10-22 Ateliers Const Innovations EXPLOSION ENGINE WITHOUT LINKAGE OR CRANKSHAFT OF THE STAR CYLINDER TYPE.
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IT1315603B1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2003-03-14 Fantuzzi Reggiane Spa INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH PERFECT ALTERNATIVE OPERATION
ITMO20010174A1 (en) * 2001-08-28 2003-02-28 Fantuzzi Reggiane Corp S A INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH PERFECT ALTERNATIVE OPERATION
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CN111594408B (en) * 2020-05-12 2022-05-31 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 Cam type reciprocating compressor mechanism
CN113700634B (en) * 2021-09-18 2023-11-21 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 Cam crankshaft mechanism and piston compressor

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DE3265046D1 (en) 1985-09-05
EP0064726A1 (en) 1982-11-17

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