EP0344597A2 - Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344597A2
EP0344597A2 EP89109344A EP89109344A EP0344597A2 EP 0344597 A2 EP0344597 A2 EP 0344597A2 EP 89109344 A EP89109344 A EP 89109344A EP 89109344 A EP89109344 A EP 89109344A EP 0344597 A2 EP0344597 A2 EP 0344597A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
shaft
cover
shaft pipe
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89109344A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344597B1 (en
EP0344597A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Rosche
Wolfgang Ruffing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0344597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0344597A2/en
Publication of EP0344597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0344597A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0344597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344597B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from DE-A-36 38 765.
  • internal combustion engines are equipped with a plurality of intake and exhaust valves per cylinder arranged in the cylinder head.
  • the hanging valves are actuated via overhead control shafts, the control shafts per cylinder being mounted between the inlet and outlet valves thereof.
  • the control shaft bearings are split, the separate bearing caps being fastened on both sides of the respective control shaft by means of screw bolts.
  • a spark plug is arranged in a shaft in the region of the cylinder axis in order to achieve favorable charge combustion and is accessible via an opening in the cover of the cylinder head.
  • the shaft is partially formed by a shaft pipe which penetrates the cover of the cylinder head via the opening.
  • object of this document is to make the passage of the shaft pipe through the cylinder head cover, which is formed with play, in an oil-tight manner.
  • an elastic sealing ring is proposed for this purpose, which is pressed against the cylinder head cover by means of a nut arranged on the shaft pipe.
  • the problem underlying the application relates to the fact that, as shown in Fig. 1 of the already mentioned DE-OS 36 38 765, a considerable amount of space is required for the arrangement of the fastening devices of the separate bearing caps between the respective control shaft and the spark plug shaft is. This leads disadvantageously to a wide-headed cylinder head with additional weight resulting from greater material expenditure and larger, filled cooling rooms. Furthermore, the acute valve angle between the inlet and outlet valves is still relatively large.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a configuration for a cylinder head of the type described above, through which a narrow cylinder head can be reached.
  • a component serving to arrange valve control elements in the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder head via the shaft pipe.
  • the shaft pipe is used to fasten a common bearing cover for the split bearings arranged in a transverse plane for control shafts provided on both sides of the shaft pipe.
  • the shaft pipe can be used to fasten a control housing separate from the cylinder head, the indirect one Attachment via the common bearing cover for the control shaft bearing is preferred.
  • the basic idea of the invention is not a common cover for two control shaft bearings with a central screw connection per se, as is known, for example, from DE-C 36 41 129, but rather the design of a shaft pipe that continues the shaft for central holding down or fastening of at least one common bearing cover.
  • the mutual spacing of the control shafts can be significantly reduced, whereby the width of the cylinder head is narrower.
  • the angle between the intake and exhaust valves can be made even more acute with the advantage of a flat, compact combustion chamber trough in the cylinder head.
  • a 4-valve engine with a very flat roof combustion chamber can be achieved with the invention.
  • the invention can thus also be used both in a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and in an air-compressing internal combustion engine with direct injection.
  • a cylinder head 3 is assigned to a cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder head 3 is equipped with paired and suspended intake valves 4 and paired and suspended exhaust valves 5.
  • the inlet valves 4 are actuated by a control shaft 6 and the exhaust valves 5 are actuated by a control shaft 7.
  • the control shafts 6 and 7 are mounted in bearings 8 and 9, the bearings 8 and 9 being arranged in a common transverse plane between the two inlet valves 4 and the two outlet valves 5 in order to achieve a rigid valve train.
  • the control shaft bearings 8 and 9 are formed divided, the lower bearing halves 8 'and 9' are each an integral part of a control housing 19 integrally connected to the cylinder head 3.
  • the mixture-compressing internal combustion engine 1 has a spark plug 11 which is arranged in the region of the cylinder axis 10 and which is arranged in a shaft 12 formed in the cylinder head 3 in order to achieve favorable charge combustion.
  • a shaft pipe 14 is provided to continue the shaft 12 beyond the cylinder head cover 13.
  • the shaft pipe 14 is fixed in the cylinder head 3 against rotation.
  • a bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9.
  • the shaft pipe 14 has on its outer circumference a thread 16 for a clamping nut 17.
  • the clamping nut 17 serves to hold down or fasten the common bearing cover 15, which is additionally fastened in its free end regions.
  • the control shafts 6 and 7 are arranged closely adjacent to the shaft pipe 14 or the central fastening point in the area of the clamping nut 17, whereby on the one hand a narrow cylinder head 3 and on the other hand a very acute valve angle between the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 is achieved.
  • the spark plug 11 is arranged in the middle, this results in a very flat roof combustion chamber 18.
  • the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 are actuated by tappets 20 from the control shafts 6 and 7, the tappets 20 in Guides 21 of the one-piece with the cylinder head 3 control housing 19 are arranged.
  • an injection nozzle (not shown) takes the place of the spark plug 11.
  • the cylinder head 22 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 2 is equipped with a separate control housing 23.
  • the control housing 23 is used to arrange guides for plungers which interact with valves, not shown, as are shown, for example, in FIG. 1.
  • the separate control housing 23 further comprises the lower half of a split bearing 24 for a control shaft, not shown.
  • a common bearing cover 26 is assigned to the control shaft bearings 24 arranged on both sides of a shaft pipe 25 in a transverse plane and formed in a single or in two control housings 23.
  • the bearing cover 26 is penetrated by a shaft pipe 25 designed as a collar bushing, which further penetrates a cover 27 of the cylinder head 22.
  • the shaft pipe 25 is provided at its end on the cover side with a stop collar 28 which acts on the cover 27 via an elastic intermediate layer 29. Furthermore, a pressure ring 30 arranged coaxially with the intermediate layer 29 is provided between the stop collar 28 and the common bearing cover 26 of the control shaft bearings 24. Furthermore, the shaft pipe 25 on the stop collar 28 is designed with tool engagement surfaces to bring about a releasable connection of the shaft pipe 25 via a thread 31 in the cylinder head 22. With the arrangement described above, multiple fastening via the shaft pipe 25 is achieved, with an oil-tight seal at the same time the shaft pipe 25 and the cylinder head cover 27 is reached.
  • a cylinder head 32 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 3 is equipped with a shaft pipe 33 designed as a collar bushing.
  • This shaft pipe 33 acts essentially directly on the common bearing cover 35 of control shaft bearings 36 arranged in a transverse plane via a clamping head 34.
  • the end of the clamping head 34 also interacts with an elastic seal 38 arranged between the latter and a cylinder head cover 37.
  • the shaft pipe 33 serves to fix a common bearing cover 35 and a control housing 39 arranged separately from the cylinder head 32.
  • a common feature of the cylinder heads 22 and 32 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the shaft is formed by two shaft pipes 40 and 25 or 40 and 33, the shaft pipe 40 arranged adjacent to a combustion chamber 41 being fixed in the cylinder head 22 and 32 is.
  • the shaft pipe 40 on the combustion chamber side has an internal thread 42.
  • This arrangement of shaft pipes made of high-strength iron materials is particularly useful for light metal cylinder heads.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 can be replaced by the fastening arrangement shown in FIG. 1, furthermore the fastening arrangements shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also suitable for an arrangement in the cylinder head 3 of FIG. 1.
  • an injection nozzle occurs on the spark plug 11 shown in FIG. 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

To obtain a cylinder head of narrow construction and a small acute angle of valves arranged in a V in the case of a cylinder head with cover for internal-combustion engines with valve timing gear arranged in the cylinder head and a well, arranged between the valves of a combustion chamber, for the arrangement of a spark plug or an injection nozzle, it is proposed that a component serving for the arrangement of valve timing elements in the cylinder head be connectable to the cylinder head via a well tube. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentan­spruches 1 von der DE-A-36 38 765 aus.The invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from DE-A-36 38 765.

Zur Erzielung hoher Leistungen werden Brennkraftmaschi­nen mit mehreren, im Zylinderkopf hängend angeordneten Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen je Zylinder ausgerüstet. Um einen steifen Ventilantrieb zu erreichen, werden die hängend angeordneten Ventile über obenliegende Steuer­wellen betätigt, wobei die Steuerwellen je Zylinder zwischen dessen Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen gelagert sind. Zur Verringerung der Bauhöhe des Zylinderkopfes sind die Steuerwellen-Lager geteilt ausgeführt, wobei die gesonderten Lagerdeckel jeweils beiderseits der jeweiligen Steuerwelle mittels Schraubbolzen befestigt sind. Zwischen den in einer gemeinsamen Querebene des Zylinderkopfes angeordneten Steuerwellen-Lagern ist bei gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschinen zur Erzielung einer günstigen Ladungs-Verbrennung im Bereich der Zylinderachse eine Zündkerze in einem Schacht angeord­net, der über eine Durchbrechung im Deckel des Zylinder­kopfes zugänglich ist.To achieve high performance, internal combustion engines are equipped with a plurality of intake and exhaust valves per cylinder arranged in the cylinder head. In order to achieve a rigid valve drive, the hanging valves are actuated via overhead control shafts, the control shafts per cylinder being mounted between the inlet and outlet valves thereof. To reduce the overall height of the cylinder head, the control shaft bearings are split, the separate bearing caps being fastened on both sides of the respective control shaft by means of screw bolts. Between the control shaft bearings arranged in a common transverse plane of the cylinder head, in the case of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines, a spark plug is arranged in a shaft in the region of the cylinder axis in order to achieve favorable charge combustion and is accessible via an opening in the cover of the cylinder head.

Bei dem Zylinderkopf nach der eingangs genannten Druck­schrift DE-A 36 38 765 ist der Schacht teilweise von einem Schachtrohr gebildet, das den Deckel des Zylin­derkopfes über die Durchbrechung durchsetzt. Gegenstand dieser Druckschrift ist, den mit Spiel ausgebildeten Durchgang des Schachtrohres durch den Zylinderkopf­Deckel öldicht auszubilden. Im einzelnen wird hierfür ein elastischer Dichtring vorgeschlagen, der mittels einer über Gewinde auf dem Schachtrohr angeordneten Mutter gegen den Zylinderkopf-Deckel gepreßt wird.In the cylinder head according to the document DE-A 36 38 765 mentioned at the outset, the shaft is partially formed by a shaft pipe which penetrates the cover of the cylinder head via the opening. object of this document is to make the passage of the shaft pipe through the cylinder head cover, which is formed with play, in an oil-tight manner. In particular, an elastic sealing ring is proposed for this purpose, which is pressed against the cylinder head cover by means of a nut arranged on the shaft pipe.

Demgegenüber bezieht sich das dem Anmeldegegenstand zugrundeliegende Problem darauf, daß, wie aus Fig. 1 der bereits genannten DE-OS 36 38 765 auch hervorgeht, für die Anordnung der Befestigungseinrichtungen der geson­derten Lagerdeckel zwischen der jeweiligen Steuerwelle und dem Zündkerzen-Schacht ein beträchtlicher Bauraum erforderlich ist. Dies führt in nachteiliger Weise zu einem breitbauenden Zylinderkopf mit aus größerem Materialaufwand und größeren, gefüllten Kühlräumen resultierendem zusätzlichem Gewicht. Weiter ist der spitze Ventilwinkel zwischen den Einlaß- und Auslaß-­Ventilen noch relativ groß.In contrast, the problem underlying the application relates to the fact that, as shown in Fig. 1 of the already mentioned DE-OS 36 38 765, a considerable amount of space is required for the arrangement of the fastening devices of the separate bearing caps between the respective control shaft and the spark plug shaft is. This leads disadvantageously to a wide-headed cylinder head with additional weight resulting from greater material expenditure and larger, filled cooling rooms. Furthermore, the acute valve angle between the inlet and outlet valves is still relatively large.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für einen Zylinderkopf der eingangs beschriebenen Bauart eine Ausgestaltung aufzuzeigen, durch die ein schmalbauender Zylinderkopf erreichbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a configuration for a cylinder head of the type described above, through which a narrow cylinder head can be reached.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein der Anordnung von Ventilsteuerelementen im Zylin­derkopf dienendes Bauteil über das Schachtrohr mit dem Zylinderkopf verbunden ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausge­staltung der Erfindung dient das Schachtrohr der Be­festigung eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels für die in einer Querebene angeordneten, geteilten Lager für beiderseits des Schachtrohres vorgesehene Steuerwellen. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Schachtrohr der Befestigung eines vom Zylinderkopf gesonderten Steuergehäuses dienen, wobei die mittelbare Befestigung über den gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel für die Steuerwellenlager bevorzugt ist.This object is achieved in that a component serving to arrange valve control elements in the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder head via the shaft pipe. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaft pipe is used to fasten a common bearing cover for the split bearings arranged in a transverse plane for control shafts provided on both sides of the shaft pipe. In a further embodiment of the invention, the shaft pipe can be used to fasten a control housing separate from the cylinder head, the indirect one Attachment via the common bearing cover for the control shaft bearing is preferred.

Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist nicht ein für zwei Steuerwellen-Lager gemeinsamer Deckel mit mittiger Verschraubung an sich, wie beispielsweise aus der DE-C 36 41 129 bekannt, sondern die Ausgestaltung eines den Schacht fortsetzenden Schachtrohres zur mittigen Niederhaltung bzw. Befestigung zumindest eines gemein­samen Lagerdeckels. Mit der Erfindung kann der gegen­seitige Abstand der Steuerwellen erheblich verringert werden, wodurch der Zylinderkopf in seiner Breite schmäler baut. Weiter kann der Winkel zwischen den Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen noch spitzer gewählt werden mit dem Vorteil einer flachen, kompakten Brennraummulde im Zylinderkopf. Insbesondere kann mit der Erfindung ein 4-Ventil-Motor mit sehr flachem Dachbrennraum erzielt werden. Damit kann weiter die Erfindung sowohl bei einer gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine als auch bei einer luftverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkt­einspritzung Anwendung finden.The basic idea of the invention is not a common cover for two control shaft bearings with a central screw connection per se, as is known, for example, from DE-C 36 41 129, but rather the design of a shaft pipe that continues the shaft for central holding down or fastening of at least one common bearing cover. With the invention, the mutual spacing of the control shafts can be significantly reduced, whereby the width of the cylinder head is narrower. Furthermore, the angle between the intake and exhaust valves can be made even more acute with the advantage of a flat, compact combustion chamber trough in the cylinder head. In particular, a 4-valve engine with a very flat roof combustion chamber can be achieved with the invention. The invention can thus also be used both in a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and in an air-compressing internal combustion engine with direct injection.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Zylinderkopf mit Deckel im Querschnitt, wobei ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel für beider­seits des Schachtrohres angeordnete Steuer­wellen mittig durch eine mit dem Schachtrohr zusammenwirkende Spannmutter niedergehalten ist,
  • Fig. 2 einen im Querschnitt hälftig gezeigten weiteren Zylinderkopf, bei dem über das Schachtrohr ein Zylinderkopfdeckel, ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel und ein vom Zylin­ derkopf gesondertes Steuergehäuse niederge­halten sind, und
  • Fig. 3 im Querschnitt einen hälftigen Zylinderkopf mit gesondertem Steuergehäuse und gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel, wobei das Schachtrohr im wesent­lichen unmittelbar auf den Lagerdeckel ein­wirkt.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cylinder head with a cover in cross-section, a common bearing cover for control shafts arranged on both sides of the shaft pipe being held down in the center by a clamping nut interacting with the shaft pipe,
  • Fig. 2 shows a further half of the cylinder head shown in cross section, in which a cylinder head cover, a common bearing cover and one of the cylin over the shaft pipe derkopf separate control housing are held down, and
  • Fig. 3 in cross section a half cylinder head with a separate control housing and common bearing cover, the shaft pipe acting essentially directly on the bearing cover.

Bei einer nicht näher dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine 1 ist einem Zylinder 2 ein Zylinderkopf 3 zugeordnet. Der Zylinderkopf 3 ist mit paarweise und hängend angeordne­ten Einlaßventilen 4 und paarweise und hängend angeord­neten Auslaßventilen 5 ausgerüstet. Die Einlaßventile 4 werden von einer Steuerwelle 6 und die Auslaßventile 5 werden von einer Steuerwelle 7 betätigt. Die Steuerwel­len 6 und 7 sind in Lagern 8 und 9 gelagert, wobei die Lager 8 und 9 zur Erzielung eines steifen Ventiltriebes jeweils zwischen den beiden Einlaßventilen 4 und den beiden Auslaßventilen 5 in einer gemeinsamen Querebene angeordnet sind. Zur Verringerung der Bauhöhe des Zylinderkopfes 3 sind die Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 geteilt ausgebildet, wobei die unteren Lagerhälften 8′ und 9′ jeweils integraler Bestandteil eines mit dem Zylinderkopf 3 einstückig verbundenen Steuergehäuses 19 sind. Zwischen den Steuerwellen-Lagern 8 und 9 weist die gemischverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine 1 zur Erzielung einer günstigen Ladungs-Verbrennung eine im Bereich der Zylinderachse 10 angeordnete Zündkerze 11 auf, die in einem im Zylinderkopf 3 ausgebildeten Schacht 12 ange­ordnet ist.In an internal combustion engine 1 (not shown in detail), a cylinder head 3 is assigned to a cylinder 2. The cylinder head 3 is equipped with paired and suspended intake valves 4 and paired and suspended exhaust valves 5. The inlet valves 4 are actuated by a control shaft 6 and the exhaust valves 5 are actuated by a control shaft 7. The control shafts 6 and 7 are mounted in bearings 8 and 9, the bearings 8 and 9 being arranged in a common transverse plane between the two inlet valves 4 and the two outlet valves 5 in order to achieve a rigid valve train. To reduce the overall height of the cylinder head 3, the control shaft bearings 8 and 9 are formed divided, the lower bearing halves 8 'and 9' are each an integral part of a control housing 19 integrally connected to the cylinder head 3. Between the control shaft bearings 8 and 9, the mixture-compressing internal combustion engine 1 has a spark plug 11 which is arranged in the region of the cylinder axis 10 and which is arranged in a shaft 12 formed in the cylinder head 3 in order to achieve favorable charge combustion.

Zur Fortsetzung des Schachtes 12 über den Zylinderkopf­Deckel 13 hinaus ist ein Schachtrohr 14 vorgesehen. Das Schachtrohr 14 ist im Zylinderkopf 3 drehgesichert fixiert. In seinem anderen, abgewandten Endbereich durchsetzt das Schachtrohr 14 mit Spiel einen für beide Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 15. Im Bereich des für beide Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 15 weist das Schachtrohr 14 an seinem Außenumfang ein Gewinde 16 für eine Spannmut­ter 17 auf. Die Spannmutter 17 dient der Niederhaltung bzw. Befestigung des gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 15, der in seinen freien Endbereichen jeweils zusätzlich befestigt ist.A shaft pipe 14 is provided to continue the shaft 12 beyond the cylinder head cover 13. The shaft pipe 14 is fixed in the cylinder head 3 against rotation. In its other, opposite end area passes through the shaft pipe 14 with play a bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9. In the area of the bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9, the shaft pipe 14 has on its outer circumference a thread 16 for a clamping nut 17. The clamping nut 17 serves to hold down or fasten the common bearing cover 15, which is additionally fastened in its free end regions.

Die Steuerwellen 6 und 7 sind dem Schachtrohr 14 bzw. der mittigen Befestigungsstelle im Bereich der Spann­mutter 17 eng benachbart angeordnet, wodurch einerseits ein schmalbauender Zylinderkopf 3 und andererseits ein sehr spitzer Ventilwinkel zwischen den Einlaß-Ventilen 4 und den Auslaß-Ventilen 5 erzielt ist. Dies ergibt bei mittig angeordneter Zündkerze 11 einen sehr flachen Dachbrennraum 18. Zur Erzielung einer für hohe Drehzah­len geeigneten Ventilsteuerung werden die Einlaß-Venti­le 4 und die Auslaß-Ventile 5 jeweils über Tassen­stößel 20 von den Steuerwellen 6 und 7 betätigt, wobei die Tassenstößel 20 in Führungen 21 des mit dem Zylin­derkopf 3 einstückigen Steuergehäuses 19 angeordnet sind.The control shafts 6 and 7 are arranged closely adjacent to the shaft pipe 14 or the central fastening point in the area of the clamping nut 17, whereby on the one hand a narrow cylinder head 3 and on the other hand a very acute valve angle between the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 is achieved. When the spark plug 11 is arranged in the middle, this results in a very flat roof combustion chamber 18. In order to achieve a valve control suitable for high speeds, the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 are actuated by tappets 20 from the control shafts 6 and 7, the tappets 20 in Guides 21 of the one-piece with the cylinder head 3 control housing 19 are arranged.

Für eine luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine 1 tritt an die Stelle der Zündkerze 11 eine Einspritzdüse (nicht gezeigt).For an air-compressing internal combustion engine 1, an injection nozzle (not shown) takes the place of the spark plug 11.

Der in Fig. 2 im Querschnitt hälftig dargestellte Zylinderkopf 22 ist mit einem gesonderten Steuergehäu­se 23 ausgerüstet. Das Steuergehäuse 23 dient der Anordnung von Führungen für mit nicht gezeigten Ventilen zusammenwirkenden Stößeln, wie sie beispielsweise in Fig. 1 gezeigt sind. Weiter umfaßt das separate Steuer­gehäuse 23 die untere Hälfte eines geteilten Lagers 24 für eine nicht gezeigte Steuerwelle. Den zu beiden Seiten eines Schachtrohres 25 in einer Querebene ange­ordneten und in einem einzigen oder in zwei Steuerge­häusen 23 ausgebildeten Steuerwellen-Lagern 24 ist ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel 26 zugeordnet. Der Lager­deckel 26 wird von einem als Bundbuchse gestalteten Schachtrohr 25 durchsetzt, das ferner einen Deckel 27 des Zylinderkopfes 22 durchsetzt. Das Schachtrohr 25 ist an seinem deckelseitigen Ende mit einem Anschlag-Bund 28 versehen, der über eine elastische Zwischenlage 29 auf den Deckel 27 einwirkt. Weiter ist ein zur Zwischen­lage 29 koaxial angeordneter Druckring 30 zwischen dem Anschlagbund 28 und dem gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 26 der Steuerwellen-Lager 24 vorgesehen. Weiter ist das Schacht­rohr 25 am Anschlag-Bund 28 mit Werkzeugangriffsflächen ausgestaltet zur Bewerkstelligung einer lösbaren Verbin­dung des Schachtrohres 25 über ein Gewinde 31 im Zylin­derkopf 22. Mit der vorbeschriebenen Anordnung ist eine Mehrfach-Befestigung über das Schachtrohr 25 erzielt, wobei zugleich eine öldichte Abdichtung zwischen dem Schachtrohr 25 und dem Zylinderkopf-Deckel 27 erreicht ist.The cylinder head 22 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 2 is equipped with a separate control housing 23. The control housing 23 is used to arrange guides for plungers which interact with valves, not shown, as are shown, for example, in FIG. 1. The separate control housing 23 further comprises the lower half of a split bearing 24 for a control shaft, not shown. A common bearing cover 26 is assigned to the control shaft bearings 24 arranged on both sides of a shaft pipe 25 in a transverse plane and formed in a single or in two control housings 23. The bearing cover 26 is penetrated by a shaft pipe 25 designed as a collar bushing, which further penetrates a cover 27 of the cylinder head 22. The shaft pipe 25 is provided at its end on the cover side with a stop collar 28 which acts on the cover 27 via an elastic intermediate layer 29. Furthermore, a pressure ring 30 arranged coaxially with the intermediate layer 29 is provided between the stop collar 28 and the common bearing cover 26 of the control shaft bearings 24. Furthermore, the shaft pipe 25 on the stop collar 28 is designed with tool engagement surfaces to bring about a releasable connection of the shaft pipe 25 via a thread 31 in the cylinder head 22. With the arrangement described above, multiple fastening via the shaft pipe 25 is achieved, with an oil-tight seal at the same time the shaft pipe 25 and the cylinder head cover 27 is reached.

Ein in Fig. 3 im Querschnitt hälftig dargestellter Zylinderkopf 32 ist mit einem als Bundbuchse ausgebil­deten Schachtrohr 33 ausgerüstet. Dieses Schachtrohr 33 wirkt über einen Spannkopf 34 im wesentlichen unmittel­bar auf den gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 35 von in einer Querebene angeordneten Steuerwellen-Lagern 36 ein. Weiter wirkt der Spannkopf 34 stirnseitig mit einer zwischen diesem und einem Zylinderkopf-Deckel 37 ange­ordneten elastischen Dichtung 38 zusammen. In der vorbeschriebenen Anordnung dient das Schachtrohr 33 der Festlegung eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 35 sowie eines vom Zylinderkopf 32 gesondert angeordneten Steuergehäu­ses 39.A cylinder head 32 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 3 is equipped with a shaft pipe 33 designed as a collar bushing. This shaft pipe 33 acts essentially directly on the common bearing cover 35 of control shaft bearings 36 arranged in a transverse plane via a clamping head 34. The end of the clamping head 34 also interacts with an elastic seal 38 arranged between the latter and a cylinder head cover 37. In the arrangement described above, the shaft pipe 33 serves to fix a common bearing cover 35 and a control housing 39 arranged separately from the cylinder head 32.

Für die Zylinderköpfe 22 und 32 der Fig. 2 und 3 gilt als gemeinsames Merkmal, daß der Schacht von zwei Schachtrohren 40 und 25 bzw. 40 und 33 gebildet ist, wobei das einem Brennraum 41 benachbart angeordnete Schachtrohr 40 im Zylinderkopf 22 bzw. 32 fixiert ist. Zur lösbaren Verbindung mit dem jeweiligen Schacht­rohr 25 bzw. 33 weist das brennraumseitige Schacht­rohr 40 ein Innengewinde 42 auf. Diese Anordnung von Schachtrohren aus hochfesten Eisenwerkstoffen bietet sich insbesondere bei Zylinderköpfen aus Leichtmetall an.A common feature of the cylinder heads 22 and 32 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the shaft is formed by two shaft pipes 40 and 25 or 40 and 33, the shaft pipe 40 arranged adjacent to a combustion chamber 41 being fixed in the cylinder head 22 and 32 is. For detachable connection to the respective shaft pipe 25 or 33, the shaft pipe 40 on the combustion chamber side has an internal thread 42. This arrangement of shaft pipes made of high-strength iron materials is particularly useful for light metal cylinder heads.

Die in den Fig. 2 und 3 beschriebenen Befestigungsanord­nungen lassen sich durch die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Befe­stigungsanordnung ersetzen, ferner sind die in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigten Befestigungsanordnungen auch für eine Anordnung in dem Zylinderkopf 3 der Fig. 1 geeig­net.The fastening arrangements described in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be replaced by the fastening arrangement shown in FIG. 1, furthermore the fastening arrangements shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also suitable for an arrangement in the cylinder head 3 of FIG. 1.

Für eine luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine tritt an die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Zündkerze 11 eine Einspritzdüse.For an air-compressing internal combustion engine, an injection nozzle occurs on the spark plug 11 shown in FIG. 1.

Claims (8)

1. Zylinderkopf mit Deckel für Brennkraftmaschinen,
- der mit hängend angeordneten Gaswechsel-Venti­len (4,5) ausgerüstet ist, und
- zwischen den Ventilen eines Brennraumes (18,41) einen Schacht (12) aufweist zur Aufnahme einer mit dem Brennraum in Verbindung stehenden Einrichtung (Zündkerze 11, Einspritzdüse), wobei
- der über eine Durchbrechung im Deckel (13,27,37) zugängliche Schacht wenigstens teilweise von einem Schachtrohr (14,25,33) gebildet ist,
- das über ein Zusatzmittel der Befestigung eines am Zylinderkopf (3,22,32) lösbar angeordneten Bautei­les dient,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß ein der Anordnung von Ventilsteuerelementen (Steuerwellen 6,7; Stößel 20) im Zylinder­kopf (3,22,32) dienendes Bauteil (Steuerwellen-­Lagerdeckel 15,26,35; Steuergehäuse 23, 39) über das Schachtrohr (14,25,33) mit dem Zylinderkopf verbunden ist.1. cylinder head with cover for internal combustion engines,
- The is equipped with hanging gas exchange valves (4,5), and
- Between the valves of a combustion chamber (18, 41) has a shaft (12) for receiving a device connected to the combustion chamber (spark plug 11, injection nozzle), wherein
- The shaft accessible via an opening in the cover (13, 27, 37) is at least partially formed by a shaft pipe (14, 25, 33),
- which is used to attach a component detachably arranged on the cylinder head (3,22,32) via an additive,
characterized,
- That one of the arrangement of valve control elements (control shafts 6,7; tappet 20) in the cylinder head (3,22,32) serving component (control shaft bearing cover 15,26,35; control housing 23, 39) via the shaft pipe (14,25, 33) is connected to the cylinder head. 2. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1,
- mit für beiderseits des Schachtrohres (14,25,33) vorgesehene Steuerwellen (6,7) in einer Querebene angeordnete Lager (8,9;24;36),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß das Schachtrohr (14,25,33) der Befestigung eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels (15,26,35) für die Steuerwellen-Lager (8,9;24;36) in der Querebene dient.2. Cylinder head according to claim 1,
- With control shafts (6,7) provided on both sides of the shaft pipe (14, 25, 33) in a transverse plane (8,9; 24; 36),
characterized,
- That the shaft pipe (14,25,33) serves to fasten a common bearing cover (15,26,35) for the control shaft bearing (8,9; 24; 36) in the transverse plane. 3. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schachtrohr (25,33) der Befestigung eines vom Zylinderkopf (22,32) geson­derten Steuergehäuses (23,39) dient.3. Cylinder head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shaft pipe (25,33) serves to fasten a control housing (23,39) separate from the cylinder head (22,32). 4. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 3, wobei
- das Schachtrohr (25) den Deckel (27) durchsetzt und mittels eines Anschlages (Anschlag-Bund 28) über eine elastische Zwischenlage (29) auf den Deckel einwirkt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß ein zur Zwischenlage (29) koaxial angeordnetes Druckstück (Druckring 30) zwischen dem Anschlag (Anschlagbund 28) und dem gemeinsamen Lager­deckel (26) der Steuerwellen-Lager (24) vorgesehen ist.4. Cylinder head according to one or more of claims 1-3, wherein
- The shaft pipe (25) passes through the cover (27) and acts on the cover by means of a stop (stop collar 28) via an elastic intermediate layer (29),
characterized,
- That a to the intermediate layer (29) coaxially arranged pressure piece (pressure ring 30) between the stop (stop collar 28) and the common bearing cover (26) of the control shaft bearing (24) is provided. 5. Zylinderkopf nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeich­net,
- daß der Anschlag an einem Bund (28) einer als Schachtrohr (25) dienenden Bundbuchse angeordnet ist,
- die über ein Gewinde (31) mit dem Zylinderkopf (22) verbindbar ist, und
- die ferner im Bereich des Anschlag-Bundes (28) Werkzeugangriffsflächen aufweist.5. Cylinder head according to claim 4, characterized in that
- That the stop is arranged on a collar (28) serving as a shaft pipe (25) collar sleeve,
- Which can be connected to the cylinder head (22) via a thread (31), and
- Which also has tool engagement surfaces in the region of the stop collar (28). 6. Zylinderkopf nach den Ansprüchen 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß eine als Schachtrohr (33) dienende Bundbuchse über einen Spannkopf (34) im wesentlichen unmit­telbar auf den gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel (35) der Steuerwellen-Lager (36) einwirkt, wobei
- der Spannkopf stirnseitig mit einer zwischen diesem und dem Deckel (37) angeordneten elastischen Dichtung (38) zusammenwirkt.6. Cylinder head according to claims 1-3, characterized in
- That a collar tube serving as a shaft pipe (33) acts via a clamping head (34) substantially directly on the common bearing cover (35) of the control shaft bearing (36), wherein
- The clamping head interacts with an elastic seal (38) arranged between the latter and the cover (37). 7. Zylinderkopf nach den Ansprüchen 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß das im Zylinderkopf (3) fixierte Schacht­rohr (14) zumindest den gemeinsamen Lager­deckel (15) durchsetzt, und
- lagerdeckelseitig ein Gewinde (16) für eine Spann­mutter (17) aufweist.7. Cylinder head according to claims 1-3, characterized in that
- That in the cylinder head (3) fixed shaft pipe (14) passes through at least the common bearing cover (15), and
- A thread (16) for a clamping nut (17) has on the bearing cover side. 8. Zylinderkopf nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprü­che 1 - 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
- daß der Schacht von zwei Schachtrohren (40 und 25; 40 und 33) gebildet ist, wobei
- das dem Brennraum (41) benachbart angeordnete Schachtrohr (40) im Zylinderkopf (22,32) fixiert ist, und
- mit Einrichtungen (Innengewinde 42) zur Verbindung mit dem der Befestigung von Bauteilen dienenden Schachtrohr (25,33) versehen ist.8. Cylinder head according to one or more of claims 1-7, characterized in
- That the shaft of two shaft pipes (40 and 25; 40 and 33) is formed, wherein
- The combustion chamber (41) arranged adjacent shaft pipe (40) is fixed in the cylinder head (22,32), and
- Provided with devices (internal thread 42) for connection to the shaft pipe (25, 33) used for fastening components.
EP89109344A 1988-06-01 1989-05-24 Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0344597B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818634 1988-06-01
DE3818634 1988-06-01

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EP0344597A2 true EP0344597A2 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0344597A3 EP0344597A3 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0344597B1 EP0344597B1 (en) 1991-11-21

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0434638A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 FIAT AUTO S.p.A. An internal combustion engine with controlled ignition and twin overhead camshafts for motor vehicles
EP0394832B1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1992-03-25 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Combustion engine with at least one cylinder head and one cylinder block
DE4119594A1 (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-02-25 Audi Ag Fluid-cooled light alloy cylinder head - has lower section with open cooling fluid chambers, in area of cylinder head dome
WO1997030284A1 (en) * 1996-02-17 1997-08-21 Audi Ag Cylinder head for a direct-injection internal-combustion engine
EP1046804A1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2000-10-25 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Cylinder head for internal combustion engine
AT16206U1 (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-03-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087473A (en) * 1960-11-25 1963-04-30 Curtiss Wright Corp Engine
GB1256401A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-12-08 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
EP0146254A1 (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-26 Austin Rover Group Limited Cylinder head
US4641609A (en) * 1985-01-19 1987-02-10 Mazda Motor Corporation Cylinder head for DOHC engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087473A (en) * 1960-11-25 1963-04-30 Curtiss Wright Corp Engine
GB1256401A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-12-08 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
EP0146254A1 (en) * 1983-12-02 1985-06-26 Austin Rover Group Limited Cylinder head
US4641609A (en) * 1985-01-19 1987-02-10 Mazda Motor Corporation Cylinder head for DOHC engine

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0394832B1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1992-03-25 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Combustion engine with at least one cylinder head and one cylinder block
EP0434638A1 (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-26 FIAT AUTO S.p.A. An internal combustion engine with controlled ignition and twin overhead camshafts for motor vehicles
DE4119594A1 (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-02-25 Audi Ag Fluid-cooled light alloy cylinder head - has lower section with open cooling fluid chambers, in area of cylinder head dome
DE4119594C2 (en) * 1991-06-14 1998-07-30 Audi Ag Liquid-cooled light alloy cylinder head
WO1997030284A1 (en) * 1996-02-17 1997-08-21 Audi Ag Cylinder head for a direct-injection internal-combustion engine
EP1046804A1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2000-10-25 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Cylinder head for internal combustion engine
US6209506B1 (en) 1999-04-22 2001-04-03 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Cylinder head for internal combustion engine
AT16206U1 (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-03-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58900470D1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0344597B1 (en) 1991-11-21
EP0344597A3 (en) 1990-04-18

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