EP0209220A1 - Zuleitung für eine an beiden Enden gespeiste Resonanzschlitzatennenanordnung - Google Patents

Zuleitung für eine an beiden Enden gespeiste Resonanzschlitzatennenanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0209220A1
EP0209220A1 EP86303580A EP86303580A EP0209220A1 EP 0209220 A1 EP0209220 A1 EP 0209220A1 EP 86303580 A EP86303580 A EP 86303580A EP 86303580 A EP86303580 A EP 86303580A EP 0209220 A1 EP0209220 A1 EP 0209220A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waveguide
slots
plane
tee junction
slotted
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP86303580A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0209220B1 (de
Inventor
Hung Y. Yee
Phillip N. Richardson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Texas Instruments Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Texas Instruments Inc filed Critical Texas Instruments Inc
Publication of EP0209220A1 publication Critical patent/EP0209220A1/de
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Publication of EP0209220B1 publication Critical patent/EP0209220B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
    • H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to slotted array antennas and more paricularly to a dual end resonant slot array feed for a resonant slotted waveguide planar array antenna.
  • slotted array antennae have been fed by single end feed mechanisms.
  • a waveguide section is fed at one end a waveguide short at the opposite end sets up a standing wave in the waveguide.
  • Shunt or series slot elements are located at appropriate points on the standing wave pattern (voltage or current peaks, respectively) to cause radiation with the correct amplitude and phase.
  • the standing wave pattern in the waveguide varies relative to the location of the slots, causing errors in the slot amplitudes and phases.
  • the magnitude of these errors increases in a direct relationship to the deviation of frequency from the design center frequency.
  • the magnitude of the errors also increases with the length of the waveguide, and hence the number of slots.
  • the usable bandwidth of a single end feed is on the order of ⁇ 1 percent.
  • E-plane and H-plane tee feeds have been used.
  • the E-plane tee feed is in essence, two single end feeds joined at their respective feed points by an E-plane waveguide tee; improvement is caused by reducing the length (and number of slots) associated with each of the two single end feeds.
  • the problem with the E-plane feed is that in order to maintain equal slot spacing one slot must lie directly under the E-plane tee. Owing to mutual coupling to the E-plane tee, this slot suffers a variation in phase and amplitude over the frequency band which differs significantly from the other slots in the array. This significantly different set of phase/amplitude errors for the slot under the E-plane feed largely offsets any bandwidth advantages that otherwise would have been obtained by using the E-plane tee.
  • the feed point for the slot waveguide can be located half way between two slots instead of directly over the slots. Nevertheless, as the H-plane feed must be about one-half wavelength wide (to avoid waveguide cutoff effects), the feed then couples to the two slots adjacent to the feed, yielding essential the same bandwidth limitations as the E-plane feed.
  • the bandwidth typically has been limited to less than 2.5% using one of the above methods owing to the need to keep the manifold complexity within reasonable bounds.
  • Both the amplitude and phase of the aperture illumination begin to be significantly degraded at + 1 % of the center frequency.
  • the single end feed for a resonant waveguide array is described in a number of texts on antennas. Those persons skilled in the art desiring more detailed information pertaining to single end feeds are referred to Johnson and Jasik's "Antenna Engineering Handbook, Second Edition, 1984 & 1961, Chapter 9.
  • the invention comprises a dual end resonant slot array feed applicable to either a series slot feed or a shunt slot feed.
  • a resonant waveguide section that contains either shunt or series slots spaced one-half guide wavelength is fed or excited from both ends.
  • a planar slotted array antenna 10 comprises a polarizer 12, a longitudinal shunt slotted plate 14, a rotational series slotted plate 16, and manifold 18.
  • the series waveguide excites a row of series slots 17 which couple RF power into the shunt waveguides. (The series waveguides are not visable in this Figure, as they are located on the back side of 16.)
  • the shunt waveguide excites the shunt slots, which are the radiating elements. All of the slots are spaced one half waveguide wavelength ( ⁇ g /2) from the adjacent slots fed by the same guide.
  • FIG. 2a One form of a prior-art waveguide feed system for the series slots is shwon in Figure 2a.
  • Each of the series slot waveguides 24 is fed at one end by a fed manifold 18.
  • a waveguide short-circuiting wall 23 at the opposite end of the waveguide sets up the standing wave needed for proper excitation of the series slots.
  • variable phase shifters 22 may be added to electronically scan the antenna's radiation pattern.
  • the series slots are fed as shown in Figure 2b.
  • an E-plane waveguide tee 100 divides RF energy between two series slot waveguides 102 and 104, through E-plane tees 114 and 116.
  • Waveguide shorts 106 at the outer ends of waveguides 102 and 104 set up the appropriate standing waves so that the series slots 108, 110, 112 etc., couple energy to the front face of the antenna.
  • the waveguide short 106 must be one-half wavelength from the end slot in the waveguide, as shown.
  • Slots 110 and 112 being located directly under the E-plane tees 114 and 116, respectively, exhibit direct coupling effects to the tee, which results in phase and amplitude errors for these slots. These slots thus become another bandwidth limiting element in the antenna.
  • the dual end series slot feed 26 includes a tee junction which may be either an E-plane tee junction 28 (Fig. 3a) or an H-plane tee junction 30 (Fig. 3b), two waveguide sections 32 and 34, and two E-plane waveguide bends 36 and 38.
  • the two waveguide section 32 and 34 and the E-plane bends are formed by a septum 40.
  • the septum 40 is placed across waveguide 42 to separate all (n) slots 44 from the tee junction.
  • the two E-plane waveguide bends 36 and 38 are formed by the space between ends 46 and 48 of the septum 40 and the ends of the waveguide 42 which space interconnects the two waveguide sections 32 and 34.
  • the thickness of the septum 40 is much less than the wavelength in order to minimize the antenna thickness.
  • the total length of the waveguide loop is approximately equal to n ⁇ g .
  • the series resistances of the slots 44 are selected to present an impedance that is matched of the imput waveguide 50.
  • the improved performance of the dual end feed is demonstrated by theoretical analysis of a waveguide with 8 series slots using ideal H-plane tee junction and E-plane waveguide bends.
  • the slots are identical and their normalized resistances are equal to 0.25.
  • the radiation current distribution compared to the ideal current is shown in Figures 5a and 5b, and are computed for ⁇ 1.8% off the center frequency.
  • the set of symmetrical curves are computed for the tee junction at the center while the unsymmetrical results are computed for the tee junction at a half guide wavelength off from the center. It is to be noted that the radiation current amplitude and phase variations are only 0.16 dB and 9.5 degrees, respectively, for the symmetrical feed over a 3.6% bandwidth. These variations in radiation current distribution increases to 0.44 dB and 13 degrees when the tee junction is offset by ⁇ g /2.
  • a dual end series slot feed was fabricated using the E-plane waveguide bend of Figure 4a and the H-plane tee junction of Figure 4b.
  • a 16.5 GHz center frequency waveguide section with 5 unequal slots was employed.
  • the dimensions of the waveguide 42 (Fig. 4a) were 0.496" by 0.155".
  • the thickness (t) of the septum 40 was 0.032", and the space "W” was 0.177".
  • the input 50 was 0.496" wide, with a tuning stub 0.025" high and a 0.138" diameter positioned 0.637" from the end of waveguide section 32.
  • Waveguide section 32 has a width of 0.496" and a T shaped matching vane 54 centered with respect to the input 50.
  • the T has a length of 0.222" and a thickness of 0.030". Tests showed that the VSWR of the E-plane waveguide bends is less that 1.10 over a 6% bandwidth, and the input VSWR of the H-plane tee junction is less than 1.18 over the same bandwidth.
  • the measured output voltage amplitude and phase from the slots are shown in Figures 6a and 6b.
  • the slot output voltages are measured from a set of identical waveguides in which the RF power is coupled through the series slots.
  • Two dual end slot array feeds 42 (Fig. 7) having different number of slots 44 in their arrays of slots n1 and n2 (where n1 > n2) can have their tee junctions 50 connected to waveguide sections 56 and 58.
  • Waveguide sections 56 and 58 are connected to a power divider 60 of manifold 18.
  • a waveguide length equal to (n1-n2) ⁇ g /2 is required to be connected to the tee junction input of the array with n2 slots.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP86303580A 1985-05-20 1986-05-12 Zuleitung für eine an beiden Enden gespeiste Resonanzschlitzatennenanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0209220B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73600985A 1985-05-20 1985-05-20
US736009 1985-05-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0209220A1 true EP0209220A1 (de) 1987-01-21
EP0209220B1 EP0209220B1 (de) 1993-09-15

Family

ID=24958123

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86303580A Expired - Lifetime EP0209220B1 (de) 1985-05-20 1986-05-12 Zuleitung für eine an beiden Enden gespeiste Resonanzschlitzatennenanordnung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0209220B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2612849B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3689015T2 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2238914A (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-06-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Waveguide feeding array antenna
WO1999000871A1 (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-07 Raytheon Company Antenna feed architecture for use with a continuous transverse stub antenna array
WO1999007033A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Ems Technologies, Inc. Dual polarized slotted array antenna
EP2093835A1 (de) * 2006-12-01 2009-08-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Koaxialleitungs-schlitz-gruppenantenne und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
CN106356642A (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-01-25 成都雷电微力科技有限公司 一种金属空心波导串联馈电的介质波导裂缝阵天线
CN112072256A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-11 河北东森电子科技有限公司 一种基于波导耦合缝隙的功率合成网络

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5513176A (en) * 1990-12-07 1996-04-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Dual distributed antenna system
WO1999056346A1 (fr) * 1998-04-27 1999-11-04 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Antenne a fentes
DE10150086B4 (de) * 2001-10-14 2013-12-12 Uhland Goebel Gruppenantenne mit einer regelmäßigen Anordnung von Durchbrüchen
JP4709601B2 (ja) * 2005-07-19 2011-06-22 日本無線株式会社 導波管スロットアレイアンテナ
JP4689493B2 (ja) * 2006-02-22 2011-05-25 三菱電機株式会社 アレーアンテナ
JP4937273B2 (ja) * 2006-12-01 2012-05-23 三菱電機株式会社 同軸線路スロットアレーアンテナとその製造方法
JP4888143B2 (ja) * 2007-02-05 2012-02-29 三菱電機株式会社 Ｔ分岐導波管およびアレーアンテナ
JP5424954B2 (ja) * 2010-03-29 2014-02-26 三菱電機株式会社 導波管スロットアレーアンテナ

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2628311A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-02-10 Rca Corp Multiple slot antenna
US2981948A (en) * 1956-05-29 1961-04-25 Hughes Aircraft Co Simultaneous lobing array antenna system
US3293647A (en) * 1962-03-19 1966-12-20 Marconi Co Ltd Doppler antenna array with feed switching
US3657668A (en) * 1969-06-06 1972-04-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Hybrid t-junction constructed in waveguide having a cut-off frequency above the operating frequency
US4121220A (en) * 1975-01-31 1978-10-17 Electronique Marcel Dassault Flat radar antenna employing circular array of slotted waveguides

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB813934A (en) * 1956-09-26 1959-05-27 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Improvements in or relating to aerial systems
JPS5194743A (de) * 1975-02-17 1976-08-19
JPS5932205A (ja) * 1982-08-14 1984-02-21 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> ラジアル導波線路

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2628311A (en) * 1948-11-04 1953-02-10 Rca Corp Multiple slot antenna
US2981948A (en) * 1956-05-29 1961-04-25 Hughes Aircraft Co Simultaneous lobing array antenna system
US3293647A (en) * 1962-03-19 1966-12-20 Marconi Co Ltd Doppler antenna array with feed switching
US3657668A (en) * 1969-06-06 1972-04-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Hybrid t-junction constructed in waveguide having a cut-off frequency above the operating frequency
US4121220A (en) * 1975-01-31 1978-10-17 Electronique Marcel Dassault Flat radar antenna employing circular array of slotted waveguides

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 8, no. 119 (E-248)[1556], 5th June 1984; & JP - A - 59 32205 (NIPPON HOSO KYOKAI) 21-02-1984 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2238914A (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-06-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Waveguide feeding array antenna
GB2238914B (en) * 1989-11-27 1994-05-04 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Waveguide feeding array antenna
WO1999000871A1 (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-07 Raytheon Company Antenna feed architecture for use with a continuous transverse stub antenna array
WO1999007033A1 (en) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-11 Ems Technologies, Inc. Dual polarized slotted array antenna
EP2093835A1 (de) * 2006-12-01 2009-08-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Koaxialleitungs-schlitz-gruppenantenne und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US8134514B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2012-03-13 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Coaxial line slot array antenna and method for manufacturing the same
EP2093835A4 (de) * 2006-12-01 2014-03-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Koaxialleitungs-schlitz-gruppenantenne und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
CN106356642A (zh) * 2016-10-27 2017-01-25 成都雷电微力科技有限公司 一种金属空心波导串联馈电的介质波导裂缝阵天线
CN106356642B (zh) * 2016-10-27 2023-06-13 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 一种金属空心波导串联馈电的介质波导裂缝阵天线
CN112072256A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-11 河北东森电子科技有限公司 一种基于波导耦合缝隙的功率合成网络

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2612849B2 (ja) 1997-05-21
JPS6230409A (ja) 1987-02-09
DE3689015T2 (de) 1994-02-17
DE3689015D1 (de) 1993-10-21
EP0209220B1 (de) 1993-09-15

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