EP0207848B1 - Zusammengesetzte Mauerverkleidung mit sichtbaren Steinen - Google Patents

Zusammengesetzte Mauerverkleidung mit sichtbaren Steinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207848B1
EP0207848B1 EP86401360A EP86401360A EP0207848B1 EP 0207848 B1 EP0207848 B1 EP 0207848B1 EP 86401360 A EP86401360 A EP 86401360A EP 86401360 A EP86401360 A EP 86401360A EP 0207848 B1 EP0207848 B1 EP 0207848B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction according
facing construction
facing
stone
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86401360A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0207848A1 (de
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ROCAMAT
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ROCAMAT
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8509573A external-priority patent/FR2583801B1/fr
Application filed by ROCAMAT filed Critical ROCAMAT
Priority to AT86401360T priority Critical patent/ATE61841T1/de
Publication of EP0207848A1 publication Critical patent/EP0207848A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0207848B1 publication Critical patent/EP0207848B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/144—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of marble or other natural stone
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall
    • E04F13/0855—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall adjustable in several directions, one of which is perpendicular to the wall

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new composite wall covering with visible stones, which is produced by stacking one on top of the other self-supporting covering plates which provide the thermal insulation function of the facade.
  • the covering plates fit horizontally and vertically and have the appearance of masonry of solid stones.
  • a three-dimensionally adjustable fastening device provides stability on the slope and impact resistance.
  • the fixing device has no load-bearing function because the vertical load of the stones passes through joints which ensure the connection, both horizontally and vertically, of the plates between them.
  • the invention also provides support brackets which take up the descents of the vertical loads and thus limit the compressive forces exerted on the stone slabs, which makes it possible to form coverings of relatively high height, for example of a ten floors divided by horizontal joints called decompression possibly every two floors.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the stone plates (4) are rigidly fixed to a core (5) of insulating material in the edges upper and lower of which male (9, 36) and female (8, 35) interlocking are formed, formed from the external face of the stone plates (see fig. 10 and 11), in that the lower row of stone plates (4, 4a) is carried by brackets (3) connected to said wall of the studs (19) carried by adjustable holding devices (13, 19) fixed to said wall (1) are engaged in the holes of the edges lateral of the stones (4), in that successive rows of stone plates (4′a, 4′b ...
  • the support 2 is provided with brackets 3, for example in the form of a square, which each delimit two support planes 3a, 3b.
  • brackets can be provided to be adjustable in order to take account of the tolerances and deviations in dimension which may exist between the support 2 and the covering described in the following.
  • the actual coating consists of stone plates 4 which are fixed, for example glued, on a core 5 of waterproof insulating material for example of cellular synthetic resin, the nature of which is preferably chosen so that the cells are closed. Expanded, flame retardant grade polystyrene is suitable.
  • the core 5 protrudes on two of the sides of the plates 4 to delimit shoulders 6, 7 of width corresponding to the thickness of the joint which must separate the stone plates 4 when they are assembled, as described below.
  • the core is shaped so as to have a female socket 8 in the lower part and a male socket 9 in the upper part, as well as two complementary vertical rebates 10, 11 on the left and right sides of the core 5, rebates whose shapes respective are advantageously the same as those of the sockets 8, 9 above.
  • the conformation of the male and female sockets and of the rebates is provided so as to provide with the ribbon parts 6, 7 a uniform joint between the stone plates during assembly.
  • Grooves 21 can be provided, as shown in FIG. 3, to drain the water that may have run through the stone or the joints described in the following.
  • the stone plates are pierced with holes 12, for example in the vertical edges near their upper edge.
  • the thickness of the stone slabs is normally between 10 and 20 mm, the diameter of the holes 12 can be of the order of 3 to 5 mm for example.
  • devices 13 are provided with retaining studs which may be devices of the trade or produced as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the device comprises a sole 14 having an oblong hole 15 for the passage of a fixing pin 16. With this oblong hole the lateral and vertical adjustment of the stud is very easy.
  • the sole 14 supports a molten bolt 17 which is hollow to introduce a rod 18 with a rough surface, the head of which is provided with a double stud 19.
  • a nut 20 screwed onto the split bolt 17 makes it possible to immobilize the rod 18 in a any position.
  • the first covering plate is thus maintained in four points while resting on two brackets 3. It may be advantageous to introduce resin or another binder into the holes in which the studs 19 and 22 are engaged.
  • a second row of covering plates is then placed in 4 ′ a , 4 ′ b ... 4 ′ n , the plates constituting this second row being embedded by their lower female socket 8 on the male socket 9 of the part upper of the core 5 of the plates 4, 4 a , 4 b ... 4 n .
  • the second row is only maintained by devices 13 with retaining studs. Subsequent rows are then placed in the same manner.
  • a bonding mortar is introduced into the space separating the stone plates 4 in order to joint the stone plates 4.
  • the jointing mortar causes the loads due to the stone plates themselves are transmitted between said stone slabs without these loads being supported by the cores 5 of insulating material.
  • the retaining stud devices themselves do not support any load, their function consisting in preventing the rock plates from tilting if they are subjected to shocks or the action of wind.
  • this insulator 23 may for example consist of rock wool, granules of expanded material or other similar products.
  • the insulation may only be placed at certain locations, for example at the periphery, around the openings and in the vicinity of the corners to avoid the circulation of air.
  • consoles 3 for example every 3 or 6 m, that is to say almost all the floors or every two floors of a building. Decompression joints are thus produced.
  • brackets 3 can be omitted, the first row of the covering plates then simply resting on a sockliner made for example of cement.
  • the holding device 13 a is made of synthetic material, for example polyamide reinforced with mineral fibers.
  • This device comprises a sole 14 a from which a stem 25 projects.
  • the sole 14 a has a hole 26 of greater height and greater width than the diameter of an anchor bolt 27 which passes through a support plate 28.
  • the sole 14 a can be adjusted in height, in width and angularly before being immobilized by tightening an anchor bolt and consequently of the support plate 28 on the sole.
  • the bracket 25 which projects from the lower part of the sole is advantageously reinforced by ribs 29 extending over a certain distance, for example over a third of said bracket.
  • the bracket has rows of holes 30 intended to receive, with hard friction, retaining studs 31.
  • the holes 30 are bi-conical and have at their middle part a constricted part 30 a .
  • grooves 32 are formed in the sides of the bracket either between the rows of holes, or as shown in FIG. 5 so that a groove 32 intercepts a hole and passes between the other holes.
  • first console 1 we put in place a first composite facing element with holes in the stone plates to match the studs of each console 3; a second console 3 is put in place, then on either side of the covering element supported by the two brackets, two devices 13a are available, the retaining studs of which are forcibly engaged in the holes 30.
  • the first plate coating is thus maintained at four points while resting on two brackets 3. It may be advantageous to introduce resin or another binder into the holes in which the studs 31 are engaged.
  • a second row of covering plates is then placed at 4 ′ a , 4 ′ b ... 4 ′ n .
  • the second row is only maintained by devices 13 a retaining pin 31. Subsequent rows are then implemented in the same manner.
  • the covering plates 4 can be more or less spaced from the wall 1 as shown in solid lines and broken lines in FIG. 5.
  • the female socket 8 comprises a groove 35 deeper than the projection 36 of the male socket. Furthermore, both the female socket and the male socket form inclined planes 37 respectively 38 of the same slope which lead to the joint designated by 39 and which is intended to be made in mortar.
  • the inclined plane 37 of the female socket has a break delimited by a recess 40.
  • the female and male socket delimit bearing surfaces 41 and 42 whose arrangement makes that a space 43 is left free between the projection 36 and the bottom of the groove 35 when the two bearing surfaces 41, 42 bear one on the other and the inclined planes 37, 38 also bear one on the other .
  • the core 5 is shaped from the external face of the stone plates 4, which makes it possible to compensate for any differences in thickness of these plates as shown in fig. 11 for plates 4 a and 4 b .
  • An advantageous embodiment consists in gluing each plate 4 onto a core 5 then in making the sockets and rebates by milling taking as reference the surface of the outer face of each plate.
  • a molding of the core 5 directly on the stone plates can also be carried out.
  • the above embodiment makes it possible to obtain that the stone plates 4 are located in the same plane. Furthermore, the rupture formed by the recess 40 provided in the inclined plane 37 prevents any rise of water by capillarity. If necessary, a similar rupture can be provided in the bearing surfaces 41, 42.

Claims (19)

1. Wandbelag mit sichtbaren Steinen, bestehend aus Steinplatten (4), von denen jede an ihren seitlichen Rändern mindestens zwei Löcher (12) zum Anbringen von in eine Mauer eingelassenen Haltestiften (19, 22) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steinplatten (4) fest an einem aus Isoliermaterial bestehenden Kern (5) befestigt sind, in dessen oberen und unteren Rändern Einsteckverbindungen bzw. Innen- und Aussen-Verklammerungsteile (8, 35) bzw. (9, 36) vorgesehen sind, die an der Aussenfläche der Steinplatten (siehe Fig. 10 und 11) angeformt sind, dass die untere Reihe der Steinplatten (4, 4a) von Konsolen (3) getragen wird, die in die besagte Mauer (1) eingelassen sind, wobei von einstellbaren Stützvorrichtungen (13, 19) gestützte Stifte (19), die in der besagten Mauer (1) eingelassen sind, in Löcher der Seitenwände der Steine (4) eingreifen, dass die aufeinanderfolgenden Reihen der Steinplatten (4′a, 4′b,... 4′n) sich über die erste Reihe der Steinplatten (4) erstrecken, indem sie auf ihrem Kern (5) ruhen, und dass eine Mörtelfuge (39) zwischen den Reihen der Steinplatten (4, 4′) vorgesehen ist, die dem Steingewicht entsprechende Druckkräfte überträgt.
2. Wandbelag gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern, an dem die Steinplatte (4) jeder einzelnen Verblendungsplatte befestigt ist, auf beiden Seiten der Steinplatte übersteht, um die Stärke einer Fuge zwischen den Steinplatten (4) vor dem Einbringen der Mörtelfuge zu begrenzen.
3. Wandbelag gemäss Anspruch 1 bzw. 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der aus einem Isoliermaterial bestehende Kern (5) eine untere und eine obere Einsteckverbindung bzw. Innen- und Aussen-Verklammerungsteile (8) und (9) sowie zusätzliche Anschlagflächen (10, 11) aufweist.
4. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er feine Nuten zwischen der Steinplatte und dem Isolierkern besitzt.
5. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (12) in den Steinplatten zum Einführen der Haltestifte durch Bohren ausgeführt sind, z.B. in der Schmalseite nahe des oberen Randes der genannten Steinplatten.
6. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konsolen (3), auf welchen bestimmte Verblendungsplattenreihen aufliegen, in Reihen angeordnet sind, die im wesentlichen einem Stockwerk entsprechen, wobei die besagten Konsolen jeweils zwei Stützflächen (3a, 3b) aufweisen, sowie Haltestifte (22), die in die Löcher der Steinplatten eingelassen sind.
7. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (12) der Steinplatten vor der Einführung der Stifte (19, 22) mit Harz- bzw. einem anderen Bindemittel gefüllt sind.
8. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weiche bzw. granulatförmige Isolierung zwischen den Kernen der Steinplatten und der Mauer (1) eingebettet ist.
9. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einstellbare Vorrichtung einen rauhen Schaft (18) aufweist, dessen Kopf einen Querstift (19) trägt, wobei dieser Schaft in einen mit einer Spannmutter (20) versehenen geschlitzten Bolzen (17) eingefügt und durch eine Sohle (14) mit Langloch (15) zum Durchziehen einer Befestigungsschraube (16) getragen ist.
10. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Haltestifte tragenden Vorrichtungen einen Ausleger (25) aufweisen, der zusammen in einem Stück mit einer Grundplatte (14a) gegossen ist.
11. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundplatte (14a) des Auslegers einen Schlitz (26) hat, dessen Höhe und Breite grösser ist als die eines Verankerungsbolzens (27), der eine auf der oberen Fläche der genannten Grundplatte (14a) aufliegende Stützplatte (28) durchquert.
12. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die hintere Fläche der Grundplatte (14a) Ausnehmungen (33) aufweist.
13. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausleger (25) Reihen von doppelkegeligen Löchern (30) zur Begrenzung eines eingeengten Teiles (30a) aufweist, in dem ein Haltestift (31) mit Kraftwirkung eingefügt ist.
14. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausleger (25) Nuten (32) aufweist, die zumindest von einer seiner Seiten aus verlaufen, wobei sich die jeweilige Nut zumindest zwischen einigen der auf mehreren Reihen angebrachten Löchern (30) ausdehnt.
15. Wandbelag gemäss einem der ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (30) verschiedener Reihen gegeneinander versetzt sind.
16. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gesamte aus Grundplatte und Ausleger bestehende Satz aus einer Harzverbindung, vorwiegend aus mit Mineralfasern verstärktem Polyamid formgepresst ist.
17. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innen- und Aussen-Verklammerungsteile (8) und (9) sowie die seitlichen Anschlagflächen eine Nut (35) für die Innenverklammerung (8) und einen Vorsprung (36) für die Aussenverklammerung (9) aufweisen, wobei diese Verklammerungen und Anschlagflächen Auflageflächen (41, 42) sowie Schrägen (37, 38) bilden, von denen eine eine durch eine Ausnehmung (40) begrenzte Abbruchstrecke aufweist.
18. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Leerraum (43) zwischen dem Vorsprung (36) und dem Boden der Nut (35) entsteht, wenn die Anlageflächen (41, 42) und die Schragen (37, 38) aufeinanderstossen.
19. Wandbelag gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in Richtung der Fuge (39) verlaufenden Schrägen (37, 38) die beiden Platten (4a, 4b) trennen.
EP86401360A 1985-06-24 1986-06-20 Zusammengesetzte Mauerverkleidung mit sichtbaren Steinen Expired - Lifetime EP0207848B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86401360T ATE61841T1 (de) 1985-06-24 1986-06-20 Zusammengesetzte mauerverkleidung mit sichtbaren steinen.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8509573 1985-06-24
FR8509573A FR2583801B1 (fr) 1985-06-24 1985-06-24 Revetement mural composite a pierres apparentes
FR8510820 1985-07-15
FR8510820A FR2584755B2 (fr) 1985-06-24 1985-07-15 Revetement mural composite a pierres apparentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0207848A1 EP0207848A1 (de) 1987-01-07
EP0207848B1 true EP0207848B1 (de) 1991-03-20

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EP86401360A Expired - Lifetime EP0207848B1 (de) 1985-06-24 1986-06-20 Zusammengesetzte Mauerverkleidung mit sichtbaren Steinen

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Country Link
US (1) US4811537A (de)
EP (1) EP0207848B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1284724C (de)
DE (2) DE207848T1 (de)
FR (1) FR2584755B2 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3678211D1 (de) 1991-04-25
FR2584755A2 (fr) 1987-01-16
FR2584755B2 (fr) 1988-07-29
CA1284724C (en) 1991-06-11
DE207848T1 (de) 1987-06-11
EP0207848A1 (de) 1987-01-07
US4811537A (en) 1989-03-14

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