US2938376A

US2938376A - Prefabricated siding for buildings

Info

Publication number: US2938376A
Application number: US618985A
Authority: US
Inventors: Workman Francis; Leo N Scheer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1956-10-29
Filing date: 1956-10-29
Publication date: 1960-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 1977-05-31

Description

May 31, 1960 F. WORKMAN Em 2,938,376

PREFABRICATED SIDING FOR BUILDINGS Filed Oct. 29, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVBNTORS FKA/va: Woe/MMM 0 /M Jef/65,2

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ATTORNEYJ May 31, 1960 F. woRKMAN ET AL 2,938,376

PREFABRICATED SIDING FOR BUILDINGS Filed OC. 29, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 da?. 6 gmww ATTORNEYJ` United States Patent O J .2,938,376 PREFABRICA'IED SIDING FOR BUILDINGS Francis Workman, 1632 N. Jefferson St., and Leo N. Scheer, P.O. Box 246, both of Huntington, Ind.

Filed oct. 29, 1956, ser. Ne. 618,985

' 2 claims. (ci. 72-19) The present invention relates to prefabricated siding for buildings. f

Heretofore sidings, of aprefabricated type, have lacked sufficient strength anddurability to hold the bricks or other building elements vin place during transportation and incident to handling in the erecting and installation of the same, and it-isan object of the present invention to cure this deliciency and provide-an integrated structure of backing, bricks and thebonding elements that will efectually-prevent the Vstone or brick from coming loose from the backing, while at the same time providing a completely waterproofed construction which will -permit expansion and contraction and will withstand any temperatures encountered in the environment or climates where buildings may be erected having use for this character of siding. vSimilarly the siding is exible and can be fitted to walls that are warped or otherwise uneven. Where thepaneling is to be attached to a long wall, a flexible expansion joint can easily be utilized if-the wall is uneven. Y

Another object of the invention is to provide a prefabricated siding and method or process for producingthe same in which is embodied and' incorporated stone and tile in' addition to lbrick to enhance the appearance vof the sidingand thus increase its marketable value while making the improvedsiding adaptable for indoor aswell as outdoor use.

lIt is a still further object of the invention to incorporate in an improvedsiding certain interlockingv features by which the-bricks `or other building elements employed are not only bonded strongly-to the-backing but are also mechanically anchored thereto to insure a'closely knit integrated structure which is light, strong and easilyl handled both transportationwise and in the laying up in the wall. l

' The invention has for its further purpose and object to provide an improved process for the fabrication of such-siding in which few and-simple steps are required for the assembly,` bonding and anchoring of the several elements into -the prefabricated structure, all of` which steps lmay be conducted in av central factory, the siding being thereupon transportable to locationV for incorporation in .the building structure. The invention-will also eliminate the need of-additional foundation" to carry the pane1$ .V .-5 y

vlThe building units will be approximately 1A their normal thickness, decreasing cost and, rmore important, weight, while not affecting the utility of the prefabricated structure;'::=;.. 1f; .31., L'.; "1LT:

The type of locking or key device will permit the replacement of individual building units without thev nec essty -of'removing the entire row offbricks.

AWith the foregoing-and other"objects in view, the invention'will--be more fully describedV hereinafter, and will be moreparticularly Vpointed out-in the claims appended hereto. 'u Y j In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding' parts throughoutY the several views:

' Figure 41 is a-fragmentary-isometricview of prefabricated siding constructed in accordance with the present invention and attached to a building studding.

l Figure 2 -is a fragmentary vertical section taken through same on an-enlarged-scalet -f 2,938,376 Patente@ Me? 3 1 1969 Figure 3 yis an isometric'view of a form of brick or building element employed.

' Figure A4'is also a fragmentary isometric view showing a form "of backing employed with a rib and swivelly mounted,l clip` or anchor.

Figure 5' is a sectional view taken on an enlarged scale through' one of thej'oints showing the locking anchor in` place with installed mortar and adhesive.

Figure`6 is an edge elevational view of the backing showing the "ribs and' clips or anchoring elements in the turned Alocking position. i

Figure'7 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the siding showing some of the locking elements in original position and o thersturned into the interlocking posi- Referring more particularly to the drawings 10k designatesa backing member of board having ribs 11 projecting 'out forwardly from the same to be in a horizontal running position when'the siding is laid up in the wall.

'Ifo't'he'V ribs 11 are swivelly secured clips or anchors 12,.for instance of lflat sheet metal so that the same may be rotatedto'thepositions indicated in full and dotted linesin Figure 4. For this purpose it is convenient to employ a swivel pin having a shank 13, a head 14 and divided or forkedlegs 15 into backing and extending up into mortar. A disc or perforated washer 16 may alsobe employed in this connection, being mounted on thev shank 13 between t he end of the rib 11 and rotatable clip v12. The use 'of such' disc or washer will facilitate the turning'of.v the clips or anchors 12. The clips or anchors 12 have openings 17 therethrough receivable on the shanks 13fof the swivel pins as a bearing for the clips. If itrisl found morefeasible the clip attachment 12wi1l be accomplished bythe manufacturer of the backing material when the material has just been formed and has not yet hardened. The legs`15- of the clip 12 will extend both into the backing materialr 10 and into the mortar 2 1 to` form a bond between same as shown in Figures Sand 4. Y vBricks or other masonry element 18, shown more particularly in Figure 3 are adapted to be mounted to the backing board 10 and these bricks 18 are preferably formed with longitudinal grooves 19 which, when laid up in the wall, run in a substantially horizontal direction with'the adjacent grooves 19- of the adjoining bricks 18 disposed opposite one another and in close though spaced relation, such spacing being governed by the widths of the ribs 11 and the interposed adhesive 20' therebetween. These grooves -19 may'receive both the adhesive 20,l and the'mortar or cement 21 as indicated more particularly in` Figure 5, the adhesive and mortar forming keys in the grooves to bond the bricks `18 to permanent alignment and alsoto provide a permanent interlocking joint with the spread clips or anchors 12 as also shown in Figure 5, As an loptional additional element, where needed, there may be provided an insulating boardv 22 axed tothe inside surface ofthe backing board 10i in any appropriate manner'.V` Nails orfother lfaste'nings 23 may be employed to secure the siding to the studs 24 or any type masonry In carrying out the improved process the backing board 10 maybe'laid ina substantially horizontal position upon `the' ground; iloorfor other-support at va'- central point orfactory`wher`e the improved siding may be manufacturedin quantities. The ribs 1-1 will be upstanding and the clips orV anchors 12 Varev then attached to the upper exposed endsof rthe ribs 11 at suitable spaced ypoints therealong. The-attachment is made by vinserting the legs 15f`of the swivel pin throughV the--openingfl' in-a selected clip orl'an'chor 12, Iit being understood that initially the legs 1S are n in close substantially parallel relation? ship like theA similarpaitsof--a-paperclipi Thes^e-legs are similarly inser'table through the opening in the Washer 16 if it is desired to employ such discs or washers.

In driving the swivel pins into the ribs 11 the legs 1S will become spread in the-manner indicated in Figure lso as to render the installation permanent. Otherrnethods ofA attaching clip rto ribs can. befused.: The/clips or anchors 12 can thereupon be rather readily rotated upon the Shanks 13 of the swivel pins; r Ordinarily these clips or anchors 12, which are preferably of substantially the same width as the Width of the ribs 11 may occupy the dotted line position indicated in Figure v4 in which such clips or anchors extend longitudinally in alignmentfwith the lengths of the ribs 11. However, ,when use .is required these clips or anchors 12 are rotated through approximately 90 degrees toY the cross-wise'position' indicated at full linesfin Figures 4 and 5. i

The upper surface of the backing boardr is coated with adhesive which is run up along the sides ofthe ribs 11 and up to the top of the swivel clip (anchor). The bricks 18 are thereupon installed upon the adhesive 20 with the side edges of the bricks beingbrought up close against the adhesive coated walls" of the ribs `11 as 'shown in FigureSL BeforeQor after the assembly of the bricks 18 to the backing board 10, the clipsoranchors 12 are turned tothe crosswise'position Yshown in full rlines in Figures 4 `and5, in which positionthe portions of the clips or anchors 12 which extendbeyond the sides of the ribs 11 enter substantially centrally in the grooves 19 of the adjoining bricks' 18 which abut at opposite, sides of the same rib 11. Mortar or cement 21 is thereupon poured into the spaces between adjoining bricks 18 above the anchors and ribs 11 so that thisf'mortar or bonding material will tlow into the opposed grooves 19 of adjoining bricks 18 and form keys 25 therein which will prevent the bricks 18 from havingany relative inward or outward movement with respect to the siding unit.` This cement also flows to the clips or anchors 12 and `consolidates above the anchors and outwardly beyond the edges thereof which preferably do not extend .all the way through the grooves 19. .Thekeys therefore also interlock with the anchors 12, the bricks 18 being ytherefore bond-ed to the backing board 10 by adhesive 20 and also by the cement or mortar bond 21 as Well'as by the keys 25 and the interlocking anchors 12. v

Also the adhesive 20 will bond with the keys 25 where the same are brought into contact in the grooves or recesses 19.

While the insulating board`22 is optional, it will enable a builder to apply the improved panel directly to the studding of a house or building.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the invention provides a non-breakable backing on which .to place any design of brick work, stone, ceramic or other facing building units. The panel also contains waterproof and weatherproof adhesives that are much stronger than necessary. The use of such adhesive added to the improved anchoring system through the use of keys attached to the ribs enable the panel to Withstandmuch rougher handling than will normallyoccur. The entire panel will be more rigid and will stand more abusethan four-inch thick brick or ceramic wall under shock conditions for ease of handling and transportation.

It is also understood that the ribs for the bricks will or may occur both between the vertical and bed joints.

The building units used in this prefabricated stone wall may and in most cases will be approximately 1/3 of the thickness of the ordinary building units. feature will reduce the cost and weight of the completed wall but will still retain the appearance of ordinary brick or stone Wall. The utility of this prefabricated wall will not be affected by the above because experience has shown that brick, even though exposed to radically changing temperature and inclement Weather, over a number of years. The key or anhor device. use@ in invention ptovides a much stronger bond than provided in existing inventions.

The method of anchoring and attaching the building units to the backing permits the replacement of individual bricks without the necessity of removing the entire row of bricks.; f

The manufacture of, this prefabricated wall requires fewer integral steps permittingfabrication at a factory of a practical, usable, and non-breakabl'e prefabricated wall with greater ease of transportation.`

This prefabricated wall with its improved interlocking and/or key device with improved backing and Waterproof 4adhesive provides a waterproofand moisture proof wall which is more rigid and stronger than an; ordinary brickwall.

.Although we have disclosedl herein the best form of the invention known tom us at this time, we reservethy right to all such modicationsland changes as may com within the scope ofthe following claims.

What is claimed is: Y l. In a prefabricated structure for use as an exterior wall for buildingsya backing board havinga pluralityof spaced ribs projecting outwardly therefrom, pins extending into said outwardly projecting ribs and projecting outwardly beyond said ribs, a clip member rotatably secured to each o f said pins intermediate the ends thereof so` that each pin extends outwardlybeyond its clip member, a plurality of buildingblocks assembled on said backing board and disposed against the sides of said ribs, said building blocks having grooves formed therein on opposed sides thereof so' that said building blocks are formed in an H configuration when viewed in cross section, the grooves of adjacent blocks being located in opposed relation and receiving the ends of said clip member therein, and bonding means disposed between said blocks and lling said grooves thereinaboutsaid clip members, said grooves, said clipmembers, the extension of said pins, and said bonding meansdetining a key for retaining said blocksin position on said backing board.

- 2'. In a prefabricated structure for use .as` an exterior wall for buildings, a backing board having a plurality of spaced ribs projecting outwardly therefrom, pins secured in said ribs, a portion of said pins extending outwardly substantially beyond the outer surfaceof said ribsclip members mounted on said pins `and being rotatable with respect thereto, said clipmembers being initially positioned on said pins parallel with respect to said ribs, a plurality ofbuilding blocks assembled on saidrbacking board and positioned in close proximity to the sides of wear very little even said ribs, said building blocks having grooves formed on opposed sides thereof, the grooves formed in adjacent blocks being positioned in opposed relation and receiving the ends of said clip members when said clip members are rotated from the initial position thereof to a position perpendicular with respect to said ribs, 4and bonding -means disposed between said blocks and filling said grooves therein about said clip members and encompassing the extending portions of the pins to secure said blocks in position on said backing board.;v

References Citedin the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS