EP0207105B1 - Broyeur a marteaux - Google Patents

Broyeur a marteaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207105B1
EP0207105B1 EP86900046A EP86900046A EP0207105B1 EP 0207105 B1 EP0207105 B1 EP 0207105B1 EP 86900046 A EP86900046 A EP 86900046A EP 86900046 A EP86900046 A EP 86900046A EP 0207105 B1 EP0207105 B1 EP 0207105B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer mill
outlet
inlet
metering
crushing chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86900046A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0207105A1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Schultz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19853500032 external-priority patent/DE3500032A1/de
Priority claimed from CH552185A external-priority patent/CH668197A5/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0207105A1 publication Critical patent/EP0207105A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0207105B1 publication Critical patent/EP0207105B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
    • B02C2013/28618—Feeding means
    • B02C2013/28654—Feeding means of screw type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge
    • B02C2013/2869—Arrangements of feed and discharge means in relation to each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/604—Plural inlets for diverse solid materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hammer mill with a grinding chamber, a rotor with hammers or beaters for comminuting coarse material and a device for feeding coarse material and discharging the comminuted product.
  • the rotor in the grinding chamber generally rotates about a horizontally arranged axis, the feed being carried out in the upper region of the grinding chamber.
  • an impact surface designed as a sieve jacket is provided at least in the lower part of the grinding chamber, through which the comminuted product enters and is discharged from a collecting space surrounding the grinding chamber or the sieve jacket.
  • Such hammer mills have a high energy requirement, since the comminuted product is difficult to pass through the screen jacket. is unnecessarily dragged along and passes through the grinding chamber several times.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that, in a hammer mill, the material fed into the grinding chamber is comminuted after a very short grinding path. When the material being fed is hit by the hammers for the first time, there is usually extensive comminution, whereupon the comminuted product unnecessarily rotates with the rotor until it can exit through the screen jacket.
  • the hammer mill according to the invention is advantageously provided with a plurality of inlets and outlets evenly distributed over the circumference of the grinding chamber in order to be able to ensure a uniform rotor load, even when the rotor is reversed in the direction of rotation for the purpose of using the hammers or beaters on both sides.
  • the inlet channels are preferably arranged in such a way that they feed the coarse material to the grinding chamber in a plurality of horizontal planes, in order to allow full use of the rotor height.
  • each inlet channel is assigned an outlet channel, which is arranged at a relatively short distance behind this inlet channel, the material fed in via each inlet channel can, as soon as it has been crushed, hit the outlet channel corresponding to the subsequent outlet when the hammers or beaters hit it as a comminuted product be discharged into the grinding chamber.
  • the shredded product is no longer carried around unnecessarily in the grinding chamber as before.
  • the hammer mill is divided in the circumferential direction into a more or less large number of mill segments arranged one behind the other, each of which is limited by an inlet with the corresponding inlet channel and by an outlet arranged at a relatively short distance next to the corresponding outlet channel, whereby the rotor carrying the hammers or beaters is assigned to all of these mill segments together.
  • outlets provided according to the invention can be completely free, or optionally covered with sieves of different hole sizes, in order to allow the size of the product to be preselected.
  • Two or more of such screens can be arranged very simply on a common slide which can be moved in order to either leave the corresponding outlet completely free or alternatively to cover it with one of the screens.
  • a rotor 3 is mounted in a grinding chamber 1 on an essentially vertically oriented axis 2, which is driven by an electric motor 11.
  • the rotor 3 is provided in a known manner and not shown here with hammers or beaters, the outer ends of which correspond to those in FIG. 2 Brush dash circle 3 indicated by dashed lines.
  • three inlet channels 4 are provided on the circumference of the grinding chamber 1 and are connected to the grinding chamber 1 via three corresponding inlets 7a. The regrind fed via the inlet channels 4 is thus fed radially downward on the circumference of the milling chamber 1.
  • Each inlet channel 4 is provided with guide elements 10 which radially feed the coarse material to the grinding chamber 1 or the rotor 3 in several horizontal planes.
  • guide plates 10 are provided in each inlet channel 4 in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Other suitable guide elements can also be used, which are height-adjustable, for example, in order to feed the material to be ground radially into the grinding chamber 1 at different levels.
  • Each inlet channel 4 is also assigned a corresponding outlet channel 5 on the circumference of the grinding chamber, which is arranged at a short distance in the grinding direction, ie in the direction of rotation of the rotor 3, along the grinding path behind the respective inlet channel 4.
  • These outlet channels 5 are each connected to the grinding chamber 1 via an outlet 7b.
  • the inlet channels can be arranged in any other suitable manner in order to feed the coarse material supplied from above radially into the corresponding mill segment on the circumference of the grinding chamber 1.
  • each outlet channel 5 can optionally be covered with a sieve of a certain hole size in order to set the size of the comminuted product discharged via this outlet 7b.
  • Sieves of different hole sizes are advantageously arranged on a common slide 9, as is shown schematically in FIG. 3, for example.
  • the screens arranged on the slide 9 in this case comprise two screen surfaces 8a and 8b of different hole sizes and a free through opening 8c arranged between them. If the slide 9 is displaced in the vertical direction relative to the corresponding outlet 7b in the manner shown schematically in FIG. 1, the free through opening 8c can thus be located at the outlet 7b, or the screen surfaces 8a or 8b can optionally be in this outlet 7b can be used if the size of the shredded product to be dispensed is to be selected.
  • the arrangement of the hammer mill described and shown schematically in the drawing here comprises, for example and in order to simplify the drawing, three inlet channels 4 with three associated outlet channels 5, which are arranged alternately and are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the grinding chamber 1.
  • the number of inlet channels and the corresponding outlet channels can be selected as required and adapted to the desired grinding process.
  • the hammer mill according to the invention is each divided into as large a number of mill segments or comminution zones as possible, the distance between the inlet and outlet channels 4 and 5 being kept as short as possible and being practically zero.
  • the grinding chamber diameter of which is 1,500 mm the outlet channel 5 assigned to each inlet channel 4 follows at a distance of only 50 mm, the width of each inlet 7a having an arc length of 100 mm and of each outlet 7b having an arc length of 200 mm were chosen. It follows that for each mill segment, which has an inlet channel 4 with an inlet 7a, a jacket segment surface 6 and an associated outlet channel 5 with an outlet 7b, only about 300 to 350 mm of the grinding. chamber size are required.
  • the hammer mill can therefore be equipped with sixteen inlet channels 4 and sixteen outlet channels 5 on the circumference of the grinding chamber and can thus be divided into sixteen mill segments.
  • Examples of numbers for the hole sizes on the outlet slide 9 are 1.5 mm for the screen surface 8a and 3 mm for the screen surface 8b.
  • a third screen with a very large hole size of z. B. 20 mm or more can be provided.
  • the coarse material which is fed in vertically from above and fed radially into the grinding chamber 1 via an inlet channel 4 is hit and largely crushed by the hammers or beaters of the rotor 3 passing the inlet 7a, after which it is then immediately passed to the outlet 7b of the associated outlet channel 5 arrives. Since the product produced in a certain mill segment has already been largely comminuted, it can almost completely pass through the free opening 8c or through a sieve 8a or 8b into the associated outlet channel 5, so that the comminuted product is discharged and not further through the Mill is dragged along.
  • the material is deflected by the hammers or beaters of the rotor by 90 ° into a horizontal movement path, which further promotes the comminution effect.
  • the comminuted product discharged via the outlet channels 5 of the hammer mill according to the invention can be fed to a suitable sieving device, in which case it may be desirable to return sieve residues for further comminution.
  • the relatively simple arrangement of the hammer mill according to the invention offers various advantages, the following being mentioned: a considerable reduction in the power requirement for the comminution, a reduction in the wear costs and less heating of the material and a lower moisture content during the shredding process.
  • the dosing device shown schematically in FIGS. 4 and 5 is particularly suitable for the continuous feeding of material to be comminuted into a hammer mill according to the invention with several feed channels, with a corresponding dosing screw of a dosing device of the type shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 being assigned to each feed channel of the hammer mill is.
  • 4 and 5 is arranged symmetrically about a vertical axis 20 and comprises two coaxial cells 21 and 22 for receiving two different goods, several dosing screws 23 arranged below and corresponding openings 24 and 25 in the bottom of the cells 21 or 22, which correspond to a first inlet or a second inlet of the metering screws 23.
  • the metering screws 23 are arranged around the vertical axis 20 and extend from the openings 24 and 25 arranged under the cells 21 and 22, or from the corresponding first and second screw entries, to their outlet pipe 26 radially outwards.
  • the speed of the metering screws is controlled in a known manner by a control device, not shown, as a function of the required load on the hammer mill, so that the mill fed by this metering device with goods to be comminuted is operated with a uniform load.
  • the two cells 21 and 22 serve to hold two different goods, for example in two different grain sizes, which are successively gripped by the screws 23 via the openings 24 and 25 and fed to the mill.
  • a first good located in the central cell 21 is detected with priority by the metering screws 23 via the inner openings 24 or the corresponding first screw entries, and fed to the mill, a second good continuously coming from the outer annular cell 22 via the outer openings 25 or the corresponding second screw entries by the screws 23 are added in sufficient quantity to operate the mill with the desired load.
  • outlet channels 5 of the hammer mill can be connected to the central cell 21 via a sieving device (not shown), the outer annular cell 22 being provided with fresh coarse material.
  • the first good located in the central cell 21 is guaranteed absolute priority over the second good located in the outer annular cell 22, since this first good in the central cell 21 inevitably corresponds to the inner openings 24 first screw entries through the metering screws 23 are first detected and only then is the second material from the outer annular cell 22 detected via the second screw entries corresponding to the outer openings 25 and fed to the hammer mill.
  • Such an arrangement of the metering device is also possible with other controllable funding, eg. b. possible with chain conveyors, vibratory conveyors, etc., while maintaining the advantages explained above of the automatically controlled priority of dosing different goods thanks to the very simple coaxial arrangement of the cells, which, as described, interact with a plurality of radially arranged dosing means via corresponding openings.
  • the number of coaxial cells and the associated metering devices can be chosen more or less freely as required.
  • the hammer mill according to the invention and the metering device can be used for different shredding work and bulk goods. They are particularly well suited for compound feed preparation, whereby an interaction between the hammer mill with several inlet channels and the metering device for the continuous metering of different goods by means of several metering devices offers special advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Le broyeur à marteaux comporte une chambre de broyage (1) disposée horizontalement à la périphérie de laquelle sont répartis plusieurs canaux d'alimentation (4) munis d'un orifice d'entrée (7a) pour le produit brut à broyer. A chaque canal d'alimentation (4) correspond un canal de sortie (5) situé à côté du canal d'alimentation et muni d'un orifice de sortie (7b) pour le produit concassé. Les entrées (7a) et les sorties (7b) sont réparties alternativement et régulièrement à la périphérie de la chambre de broyage; celle-ci est ainsi subdivisée à sa périphérie en un nombre correspondant de segments de broyeur qui sont chacun délimités par un canal d'alimentation (4) avec un orifice d'entrée (7a) et un canal de sortie (5) correspondant avec un orifice de sortie (7b). Une installation de dosage spéciale avec des compartiments coaxiaux (21, 22) et plusieurs vis de dosage (23) est prévue pour alimenter en continu les canaux d'alimentation (4) avec des produits bruts différents à partir des compartiments correspondants (21, 22). Le broyeur ainsi que l'installation de dosage conviennent pour différentes matières en vrac et différents broyages et offrent des avantages particuliers pour la préparation de mélanges de fourrages.

Claims (7)

1. Broyeur à marteaux comprenant une chambre de broyage (1), un rotor portant des marteaux ---ou battes et un dispositif pour l'alimentation en matières grossières et l'évacuation du produit broyé, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de broyage (1) est disposée en direction sensiblement horizontale, le rotor (3) étant monté sur un axe vertical, et en ce qu'un certain nombre de conduits d'arrivée (4) présentant un orifice d'admission (7a) correspondant pour l'alimentation en matières grossières à broyer, ainsi qu'un certain nombre de conduits de sortie (5) présentant un orifice de sortie (7b) correspondant pour l'évacuation du produit broyé à partir de la chambre de broyage sont disposés à la périphérie de la chambre de broyage (1) de telle manière qu'à chaque conduit d'arrivée (4) avec un orifice d'admission (7a) est adjoint un conduit de sortie (5) correspondant avec un orifice de sortie (7b) disposé à côté, les orifices de sortie (7b) étant répartis chacun entre deux orifices d'admission (7a) à la périphérie de la chambre de broyage (1), ce qui fait que la chambre de broyage est subdivisée. en direction circonférentielle, en un nombre correspondant de segments de broyage qui sont limités chacun par un orifice d'admission (7a) et par un orifice de sortie (7b) correspondant.
2. Broyeur à marteaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les orifices d'admission (7a) et les orifices de sortie (7b) correspondants disposés à côté sont répartis uniformément sur la périphérie de la chambre de broyage (1).
3. Broyeur à marteaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'aux orifices de sortie (7b) sont adjoints plusieurs tamis interchangeables (8a, 8b) à grosseurs de trous différents, qui peuvent être mis à volonté en position de service dans l'orifice de sortie (7b) correspondant.
4. Broyeur à marteaux selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les tamis (8a, 8b) sont montés chacun sur un tiroir (9) adjoint à l'orifice de sortie (7b) correspondant.
5. Broyeur à marteaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les conduits d'arrivée présentent des moyens de guidage et ont une forme telle que les matières grossières puissent arriver à la périphérie du rotor dans des plans horizontaux différents.
6. Broyeur à marteaux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, pour l'alimentation continue des conduits d'arrivée (4) du broyeur à marteaux en matières en vrac différentes à broyer, un système doseur pour le dosage et l'apport continus de matières en vrac différentes en plusieurs courants de matières en vrac de débit réglable, en ce que ce dispositif doseur comporte au moins deux cellules coaxiales (21, 22) qui sont disposées sur un axe vertical (20), une première cellule (21) en position centrale servant à recevoir une première matière en vrac et étant entourée par au moins une seconde cellule annulaire extérieure (22) pour la réception d'une seconde matière en vrac, et en ce qu'il est disposé radialement au-dessous de ces cellules (21, 22) un certain nombre de dispositifs doseurs (23) à débit réglable, chaque dispositif doseur (23) étant en communication avec la cellule centrale (21) par une première entrée du dispositif doseur (23) correspondant à une ouverture (24) dans le fond de cette cellule (21) et avec la seconde cellule annulaire extérieure (22) par une seconde entrée du dispositif doseur (23) correspondant à une ouverture (25) dans le fond de cette cellule annulaire (22), de telle manière qu'en service, les dispositifs doseurs (23) prélèvent les matières en vrac différentes depuis les cellules (21, 22) correspondantes, respectivement par les première et seconde entrées (24, 25), et qu'ils les délivrent à leur extrémité externe, par un tube de sortie 26, afin de permettre l'alimentation continue de conduits d'arrivée (4) correspondants du broyeur à marteaux en matières en vrac.
7. Broyeur à marteaux équipé d'un système doseur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs doseurs sont constitués par des vis sans, fin de dosage (23) à vitesse de rotation réglable, disposées radialement.
EP86900046A 1985-01-02 1985-12-30 Broyeur a marteaux Expired EP0207105B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3500032 1985-01-02
DE19853500032 DE3500032A1 (de) 1985-01-02 1985-01-02 Hammermuehle
CH552185A CH668197A5 (de) 1985-12-23 1985-12-23 Dosiervorrichtung.
CH5521/85 1985-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0207105A1 EP0207105A1 (fr) 1987-01-07
EP0207105B1 true EP0207105B1 (fr) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=25697900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86900046A Expired EP0207105B1 (fr) 1985-01-02 1985-12-30 Broyeur a marteaux

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4690339A (fr)
EP (1) EP0207105B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62501340A (fr)
CA (1) CA1251427A (fr)
DE (1) DE3565634D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK418886A (fr)
FI (1) FI863544A (fr)
WO (1) WO1986003990A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5899395A (en) * 1997-06-09 1999-05-04 Dextrite, Inc. Multipurpose fluorescent lamp crusher
NL1008691C2 (nl) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-28 Holding Dinnissen B V Hamermolen.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1072063B (de) * 1962-02-08 Mmeralchemie Werner &. Co , Duderstadt Schlägermühle
US1711464A (en) * 1927-02-10 1929-04-30 Ruprecht Louis Grinding machine
GB462588A (en) * 1935-09-13 1937-03-11 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Impact crushers
US2155697A (en) * 1936-10-02 1939-04-25 Albert Robert Wilson Apparatus for pulverizing minerals and other materials
FR1041622A (fr) * 1950-02-22 1953-10-26 Perfectionnements apportés aux moulins broyeurs et à leur procédé d'utilisation
DE2423669A1 (de) * 1974-05-15 1975-11-20 Albin Fehrenbach Muellzerkleinerer
GB2044126B (en) * 1979-03-15 1983-04-20 Air Prod & Chem Method and apparatus for cryogenic grinding
SU1072891A1 (ru) * 1982-11-30 1984-02-15 Ивановский сельскохозяйственный институт Центробежна мельница

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI863544A0 (fi) 1986-09-02
JPS62501340A (ja) 1987-06-04
CA1251427A (fr) 1989-03-21
DK418886D0 (da) 1986-09-02
US4690339A (en) 1987-09-01
WO1986003990A1 (fr) 1986-07-17
DE3565634D1 (en) 1988-11-24
EP0207105A1 (fr) 1987-01-07
FI863544A (fi) 1986-09-02
DK418886A (da) 1986-09-02

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