EP0203367A1 - Dispositif de contact pour interrupteur sous vide - Google Patents

Dispositif de contact pour interrupteur sous vide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203367A1
EP0203367A1 EP86105595A EP86105595A EP0203367A1 EP 0203367 A1 EP0203367 A1 EP 0203367A1 EP 86105595 A EP86105595 A EP 86105595A EP 86105595 A EP86105595 A EP 86105595A EP 0203367 A1 EP0203367 A1 EP 0203367A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
slots
disc
arrangement according
contact arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86105595A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0203367B1 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Kuhl
Gerhard Sebald
Heinrich Dr. Hässler
Wolfgang Dr. Schlenk
Günter Bialkowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0203367A1 publication Critical patent/EP0203367A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0203367B1 publication Critical patent/EP0203367B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6644—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact arrangement for vacuum switches, with two contacts arranged coaxially opposite one another and displaceable in their axial direction relative to one another, each of which consists of a disk-shaped contact piece with a contact surface and at least one disk at a distance therefrom made of electrically highly conductive material, which the latter are connected directly to a central power supply bolt and, due to their shape with circular recesses and slots, implement radial and azimuthal current conductors and thereby means for generating axial magnetic fields, the current being conducted from the power supply bolt via the current conductors to the contact piece.
  • Vacuum switches are becoming increasingly important for high breaking currents.
  • the following problem arises:
  • high forces occur against the arc plasma, which push the plasma out of the contact gap to the switching chamber wall and shift the arc attachment points to the outer switching contact circumference, where they can burn there.
  • This fact has the consequence that after-heating or thermal emission as well as thermal emission can cause the arc to re-ignite after the zero crossing of the sinusoidal alternating current due to thermal overloading of the contact surfaces concerned, as a result of which the current can no longer be safely extinguished or switched off .
  • a strong local melting of the contact piece is associated with high burn-up losses.
  • the parameters of the axial magnetic field are essentially dependent on the design of the associated coil former.
  • Known contact forms for self-generating axial magnetic fields are usually composed of coil elements bent in the shape of an arc or hook.
  • each contact consists of a contact piece and a coil behind it, the latter being formed with approximately spoke-shaped arms as first conductor sections and ring-shaped areas attached to them as second conductor sections.
  • the second conductor sections adjoin each other in the area of the greatest distance of the first conductor section from the central axis and run in the same direction on a circular arc that extends approximately parallel to the outer circumference of the one contact piece up to a gap-shaped distance to the respectively adjacent first line distance and there in passes over a third conductor section.
  • the bobbins with the conductor sections are in alignment with one another in both contacts.
  • the production of the contacts with the associated coil elements is comparatively complex, such an arrangement being mechanically not very stable.
  • a contact arrangement in which behind the actual contact piece there are conductor sections in which partial currents are guided in the radial and circumferential directions to generate an axial magnetic field in the contact arrangement, the contacts being lined up in the circumferential direction contain cross-section-reducing recesses and the webs remaining between the recesses form radially extending conductor sections.
  • the contacts of the same design are installed in a contact arrangement rotated about the longitudinal axis in such a way that in each case a recess in one contact faces a web of the other contact and covers it.
  • This is intended to form contact areas between the cutouts and the periphery of the contacts, a gap leading to the contact edge of each cutout in order to delimit a conductor section in the circumferential direction.
  • the overlapping gaps of the contacts are placed where the cutouts intersect in order to achieve a contact opening in the radial direction.
  • circular through-bores can be provided in this contact arrangement.
  • the mutually directed contact surfaces of the two contacts must be provided with a contact material suitable for vacuum switches, for which purpose a thin disk or a layer is to be applied to the arrangement described.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a contact arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is even more effective than the previously known arrangements with regard to the generation of an axial magnetic field.
  • Such an arrangement should be easy to manufacture, the stability of the contact arrangement should be given in particular for high currents.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in a contact arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset in that the slots extend tangentially from the circumference of the disk to the circular cutouts and the contacts which are arranged opposite one another are oriented azimuthally in such a way that webs for carrying current are in each case provided by the slots and the cutouts be limited between the disc and the contact piece and that the mutually opposite contacts are oriented azimuthally such that the circular recesses of the two opposite discs are congruent in the axial direction, the associated tangential slots, however, are only opposite each other on the outer diameter of the discs.
  • the slots preferably form an acute angle with the tangent to the circumference of the disk.
  • the radial and azimuthal conductor elements in the disks change their surface continuously and that there is an optimal cross-sectional change for the coil arms thus formed, which supports the course of the magnetic field in the desired manner.
  • webs are advantageously attached which conduct the current between the coil disk and the contact piece.
  • the disc acting as a coil can be produced in a simple manner, for example as a cast part, stamped part or also as a stamped and stamped part.
  • the radial and azimuthal current conductors of the disk forming the coil can consist of a different number of conductor elements. For example, for shutdown currents up to approx. 40 kA, at least three, preferably four, elements will be necessary. For shutdown currents above approx. 40 kA, however, six or more elements are preferably required. In the event that, for example, two circular cutouts are lined up directly in the disk, the individual radial and azimuthal current conductors can also consist of at least three, preferably four, elements for switch-off currents above approximately 40 kA.
  • the webs at the ends of the current conductors can have triangular or square bases.
  • Such webs can be separate, non-cutting sheets made of electrically highly conductive material; but they can also be directly molded from the disc.
  • a spacer made of poorly electrically conductive material can be arranged on the disc opposite the web in order to improve the mechanical stability.
  • the contact pieces and the optional contact piece supports have at least the same number of radial slots corresponding to the number of circular recesses in the disk, which serve to suppress eddy currents. However, these slots do not coincide with the slots in the coil former, but rather run over the edges of the webs facing away from the slots.
  • the actual contact piece consists in a known manner of a material based on copper and chrome.
  • the contact piece is preferably rounded at its edges towards the button.
  • the first exemplary embodiment has a division into four and is designed for currents up to approximately 40 kA, with no contact piece support being present here.
  • the second exemplary embodiment has a six division and is designed for currents above approximately 40 kA, a contact piece support being provided as an example in this embodiment.
  • the third embodiment is also provided for cutoff currents above 40 kA.
  • 10 denotes a contact pin which carries two disks 20 and 40 lying one above the other.
  • the upper disk 40 realizes the contact piece, which consists of a material based on copper and chromium (CuCr) and has strongly rounded edges 42 on the outer diameter.
  • the contact piece 40 can be soldered to a copper base, which will be discussed later.
  • the CuCr disk 40 is soldered and electrically connected to the disk 20 underneath, which is designed as a coil for generating an axial magnetic field, via copper webs 50. Spacers 60 are present opposite the web 50.
  • a metallic support body 70 made of electrically poorly conductive material is arranged between the contact pin 10, the coil disk 20 and the contact piece 40. This ensures that the current flow during the switch-off process predominantly flows over the radial and azimuthal current conductors provided for generating the magnetic field as coil arms.
  • the geometric design of the coil disk 20 is shown in detail in FIG 2.
  • the circular disc 20 has a diameter of approximately 75 mm.
  • Tangential slots 22 run from the periphery of the disk 20 to the recesses 21, an angle of less than 90 ° (acute angle) being formed in each case by the slot 22 and the tangent to the periphery of the disk 20.
  • a further recess 23 is made centrally in the disk 20, the diameter of which is adapted to the support body.
  • the disk 20 By shaping the disk 20 in this way, four identical current conductors 24 are formed, each extending initially radially and then azimuthally starting from the circumference of the recess 23.
  • the special arrangement of the cutouts 21 and the webs 22 means that the current conductors 24 have a continuously changing cross section over the entire area.
  • the section end of the current conductors 24 delimited by the slots 22 is designated by 25.
  • the webs 50 according to FIG. 1 are applied, for example soldered, to these approximately triangular regions 25.
  • Spacers 60 according to FIG. 1 are introduced into corresponding recesses 26 on the other side of the slots, thereby ensuring adequate mechanical stability. By selecting the material of the spacers 60, care is taken to ensure poor electrical conductivity.
  • FIG. 3 there are also slots 41 in the contact disk 40 lying above the coil disk 20.
  • the number of slots 41 corresponds to the number of circular recesses 21 with tangential slots 22, the slots 41 of the contact disk 40 extending through corresponding azimuthal orientation of the disks 20 and 40 relative to one another in such a way that they bridge the web areas 25 on the slots 22 of the coil disk 20 limit opposite side.
  • the described configuration of the coil disk 20 ensures that the current flows in each case with radial and azimuthal components from the contact pin 10 via the disk 20 and the webs 50 into the actual contact piece 40, so that an axial magnetic field component is generated. It has been shown that a high continuous current carrying capacity of the contact arrangement is ensured in the construction of the contacts shown. The formation of eddy currents in the contact pieces 40 is effectively prevented by the slots 41 located therein.
  • a and B mean two contacts of identical construction according to FIGS. 1 to 3 described above, which can be displaced in the axial direction and thus can establish or interrupt an electrical contact.
  • the contacts are in turn made up of bolts 10a and b of the coil disk 20a and b and the contact disk 40a and b.
  • the contact bolt 10a or b tapers here with its portion 11a or b to the disk 20a or b.
  • the two contacts A and. B are oriented azimuthally in FIG. 4 in such a way that the respective circular recesses 21 in the disks 20a and b are congruent with one another in the axial direction, the associated tangential slots 22, on the other hand, only face one another on the outer diameter of the disks 20a and b. This inevitably means that the slots 41a and 41b in the contact pieces 40 of both contacts A and B each enclose an angle.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 the same reference numerals are used in principle as in FIGS. 1 to 4. From the sectional view according to FIG. 5 it follows that a contact piece pad 30 is additionally arranged here between the coil disk 20 and the contact disk 40. which is used for heat dissipation. The disks 30 and 40 are soldered together.
  • a larger disk with six sections is selected for higher currents.
  • six circular recesses 21 of approximately 20 mm in diameter are made on a disc 20 of approximately 100 mm in diameter on a circle which is concentric with the circumference and has half the disc diameter, and tangential slots 22 approach from the diameter of the circle.
  • the slots 22 in turn form an acute angle with an amount of less than 90 ° with the tangent to the circumference of the disk 20.
  • Such a configuration forms six current conductors 24, each with a radial and an azimuthal region, the surface of the current conductor again continuously changing over the entire region.
  • an angular surface 25 is formed, on which the web 50 according to FIG. 5 is located.
  • the spacers 60 made of poorly conductive material are again present in order to ensure mechanical stability in recesses 26.
  • slots 41 and 31 in the CrCu contact disk 40 and additionally in the contact piece support 30 present here the disks 30 and 40 being oriented on the coil disk 20 in such a way that the slots 31 and 41 are each the one Limit slots 22 on the opposite side of the web area 25.
  • the contact arrangements described can be used for currents of different heights.
  • the contact arrangement according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is suitable for currents up to approximately 40 kA and the contact arrangement according to FIGS. 5 to 8 is suitable for currents above approximately 40 kA.
  • 9 shows that two circular cutouts 21 can also be arranged in groups in a coil disk 20. In total, only four total recesses are necessary with a high current carrying capacity. From one side of the cutouts, slots 22 are again brought into the cutouts 21 at an acute angle with the tangent to the circumference of the circle.
  • the end region of the current conductors 24 for the webs 50 results here in an approximately trapezoidal shape with 25.
  • Corresponding support bodies made of electrically poorly conductive material are provided in depressions 26.
  • the overlying contact disk 40 or contact piece support 30 in turn has corresponding slots 31 and 41, each delimiting the other web side.
  • the dimensions of the contacts with the contact piece 40 and the coil disk 20 behind it can be varied.
  • the ratio of the overall diameter to the diameter of the circular recesses 21 is advantageously between 3: 1 and 6: 1. Tests have shown that with such a dimensioning an optimized axial magnetic field is achieved.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP86105595A 1985-05-06 1986-04-23 Dispositif de contact pour interrupteur sous vide Expired EP0203367B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3516205 1985-05-06
DE3516205 1985-05-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203367A1 true EP0203367A1 (fr) 1986-12-03
EP0203367B1 EP0203367B1 (fr) 1989-07-12

Family

ID=6269934

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105595A Expired EP0203367B1 (fr) 1985-05-06 1986-04-23 Dispositif de contact pour interrupteur sous vide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0203367B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61256525A (fr)
DE (1) DE3664394D1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381843A2 (fr) * 1989-01-12 1990-08-16 AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH Contact interrupteur
DE19518233A1 (de) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-14 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter-Kontaktanordnung
US6072141A (en) * 1994-09-22 2000-06-06 Slamecka; Ernst Vacuum switch contact arrangement
EP1848019A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-10-24 ABB Technology AG Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur
EP2538428A1 (fr) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-26 LSIS Co., Ltd. Arrangement des contacts d'un disjoncteur à vide
WO2021121832A1 (fr) 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Disjoncteur à vide avec raccords à souder de commutateur en cuivre

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4121685C2 (de) * 1991-06-29 2002-10-31 Alstom Vakuumschalttechnik Gmb Vakuumschaltkammer

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2211737A1 (fr) * 1972-12-21 1974-07-19 Gen Electric
DE2429484A1 (de) * 1974-06-20 1976-01-08 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE2644234A1 (de) * 1976-09-30 1978-04-06 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter
DE3215020A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Vakuumschalter
DE3338254A1 (de) * 1983-10-21 1984-03-08 Ritter Starkstromtechnik GmbH & Co, 4600 Dortmund Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE3334493A1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2211737A1 (fr) * 1972-12-21 1974-07-19 Gen Electric
DE2429484A1 (de) * 1974-06-20 1976-01-08 Siemens Ag Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE2644234A1 (de) * 1976-09-30 1978-04-06 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter
DE3215020A1 (de) * 1982-04-22 1983-10-27 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Vakuumschalter
DE3334493A1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1985-04-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter
DE3338254A1 (de) * 1983-10-21 1984-03-08 Ritter Starkstromtechnik GmbH & Co, 4600 Dortmund Kontaktanordnung fuer vakuumschalter

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0381843A2 (fr) * 1989-01-12 1990-08-16 AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH Contact interrupteur
EP0381843A3 (fr) * 1989-01-12 1990-11-07 AEG Sachsenwerk GmbH Contact interrupteur
US6072141A (en) * 1994-09-22 2000-06-06 Slamecka; Ernst Vacuum switch contact arrangement
DE19518233A1 (de) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-14 Slamecka Ernst Vakuumschalter-Kontaktanordnung
EP1848019A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-10-24 ABB Technology AG Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur
WO2007121938A1 (fr) * 2006-04-20 2007-11-01 Abb Technology Ag Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de contact et pièce de contact destinée à des appareils basse tension, moyenne tension et haute tension, et à des appareils de commutation de générateurs
EP2538428A1 (fr) * 2011-06-23 2012-12-26 LSIS Co., Ltd. Arrangement des contacts d'un disjoncteur à vide
US9040862B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2015-05-26 Lsis Co., Ltd. Electrode assembly for vacuum interrupter
WO2021121832A1 (fr) 2019-12-17 2021-06-24 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Disjoncteur à vide avec raccords à souder de commutateur en cuivre
DE102019219879B4 (de) 2019-12-17 2023-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen von verschweißbar ausgestalteten Kupferschaltkontakten und Vakuumleistungsschalter mit solchen Kontaktstücken

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3664394D1 (en) 1989-08-17
JPS61256525A (ja) 1986-11-14
EP0203367B1 (fr) 1989-07-12

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